Virus Diseases - Science topic

A reemerging viral disease known as Marek's disease affects chickens and has a devastating financial impact on the global poultry sector. The emergence of pathogenic strains must be continuously monitored using molecular approaches of Marek's disease and to adevise to use appropriate vaccination program with implement bio-security. This study was c...

Viral diseases are a severe public health issue worldwide. During the coronavirus pandemic, the use of alcohol-based sanitizers was recommended by WHO. Enveloped viruses are sensitive to ethanol, whereas non-enveloped viruses are considerably less sensitive. However, no quantitative analysis has been conducted to determine virus ethanol sensitivity...

Lumpy skin disease (LSD) is a transboundary viral disease of cattle caused by the Lumpy skin disease Virus (LSDV) under the family Poxviridae. Initially endemic in African countries, the disease has now spread to other countries of the world including India. Outbreaks of the disease have been reported from UT of Jammu & Kashmir in 2022. The distrib...

Prisons are closed places with high occupancy rates and are very vulnerable to the spread of Global Pandemic, so a policy from the government is needed to prevent the spread of Global Pandemic in the prison environment..This study uses a normative juridical approach and an empirical juridical approach. Collecting data by field studies and literatur...

Purinergic signaling has been associated with immune defenses against pathogens such as bacteria, protozoa, fungi, and viruses, acting as a sentinel system that signals to the cells when a threat is present. This review focuses on the roles of purinergic signaling and its therapeutic potential for viral infections. In this context, the purinergic s...

Objective: Lentinan has antiviral, anti-tumor, immunomodulatory, stimulating interferon production, and other pharmacological effects. Previous animal experiments have shown that lentinan nasal drops can assist [Corona Virus Disease 2019) COVID-19] vaccine to induce high levels of neutralizing antibodies and can effectively resist the invasion of s...

An abrupt outbreak of COVID-19 caused enormous global concerns. Although all countries around the world are severely affected, developing Asian countries faced more difficulties due to their low per capita GDP. The temperature was considered a leading variable in spreading viral diseases, including COVID-19. The present study aimed to assess the re...

Birnaviridae is a family of viruses (birnaviruses) which consists of four genera, members of which cause diseases in fish, birds, mollusks, and insects. The genome of birnaviruses encodes the highly immunogenic VP2 capsid protein. In order to demonstrate that the VP2 protein can be exploited as a diagnostic antigen for birnaviruses, we developed a...

Introduction: The last few decades have seen the emergence of numerous human and animal infectious diseases worldwide. Among emerging and re-emerging diseases, viral haemorrhagic fevers are a major public health problem. Objective: The aim of this study was to map the distribution of agents carrying Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever virus (arbovirus...

Background: Leprosy, also known as Hansen's disease, is a chronic endemic disease. The Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic disrupted the implementation of the Neglected Tropical Diseases (NTDs) program such as the leprosy new case detection program. Leprosy is one of the chronic diseases that causes various problems due to the disability...

An oral pathologist can explore the world of intricate features in complicated tissues thanks to this visual speciality. Because our eyes are more accustomed to seeing normal morphology in cells and structures, we can become stuck in a state of flux when we encounter specific ill cells or bodies. Although they may appear to be deceiving, they aid t...

Background. Studies done globally had shown that chest imaging patterns of Corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection varied depending on the strains of the virus and the waves of the pandemic. There is no published literature done in Ethiopia to examine whether there is any difference in chest computed tomography (CT) findings of COVID-19 pati...

Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) is a highly contagious viral disease affecting cloven-hoofed livestock. It is caused by the FMD virus (FMDV), which has seven distinct serotypes (O, A, C, SAT I, SAT II, SAT III, and Asia 1). In Nepal, FMD is a prevalent and economically important livestock disease, with hundreds of outbreaks yearly across different reg...

Background: Bidirectional screening of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and tuberculosis (TB) was suggested during the COVID-19 pandemic in view of similar clinical presentation and possible interaction between the two. Only few studies are available in the literature suggesting flare up of TB in children with COVID-19 or poorer/equivocal outcom...

Background Monkeypox (MPOX) is a zoonotic viral disease, endemic in some Central and West African countries. However, in May 2022, cases began to be reported in non-endemic countries, demonstrating community transmission. Since the beginning of the outbreak, different epidemiological and clinical behavior have been observed. Methods We conducted a...

By using near-infra-red spectroscopy (NIRS) machine-learning assisted, we could detect HCV positivity in sample sera from our biobank. This technology could be a cheap, clean, fast and sustainable tool for massive screening in chronic viral disease.

Background Foot and mouth disease is among the contagious transboundary and economically devastating viral diseases of cloven-hoofed animals. A cross-sectional questionnaire survey was conducted on 396 randomly selected livestock-owning farmers from three districts in central Ethiopia to estimate the willingness to pay for foot and mouth disease va...

Production of bulb and seed crop of onion (Allium cepa L.) is hampered by onion yellow dwarf virus (OYDV) and iris yellow spot virus (IYSV) with incidence of 83.2% and 89.9% in bulb crop and 90.6% and 88.2% in seed crop, respectively in the popularly grown cv. Hisar-2. Four symptoms-based variants of OYDV designated as grade A, B, C and D produced...

Introducción. El síndrome de Reye (SR) es un trastorno poco común en la práctica médica actual. Ocasiona una encefalopatía aguda no inflamatoria asociada a una insuficiencia hepática por infiltración grasa, con una diversa variabilidad clínica, que de no ser reconocida oportunamente conlleva a un elevado riesgo de morbimortalidad. Objetivo. Proporc...

Among different renal replacement therapies (RRTs), peritoneal dialysis (PD) is a family based treatment method with multiple advantages, which allowing patients to maintain autonomy, avoiding frequent hospital visits, and preventing the spread of the disease virus. To visually analyze the literatures related to volume management of PD patients thr...

Dysregulation of the immune system in individuals with Down syndrome is thought to play a major role in the pathophysiology of many clinical presentations. This natural history of disease study took a comprehensive evaluation of the prevalence of different immune related diagnoses in a cohort of 1299 patients with Down syndrome compared to a 2605 c...

Infectious bursal disease (IBD) classical virus strain (cIBDV) can cause morbidity and mortality in young chickens with severe long-term immunosuppression. However, since the emergence and widespread prevalence of very virulent strain (vvIBDV) in China from 1991, reports of cIBDV have become rare. A novel reassortant and recombinant strain GXYL2112...

In recent years, health geography has attracted the attention of more and more institutions and scholars in China, but as far as the results of a large number of studies are concerned, there are not many related types of research. Geographic Information System (GIS) and spatial data method can effectively deal with complex spatial data, time data a...

Medical diagnosis is the process of finding out what is the disease a person may be suffering from. From the symptoms and their gradation, the doctor can decide which the dominant disease is. Nevertheless, in the process of medical diagnosis, there is ambiguity, uncertainty, and a lack of medical knowledge that can adversely affect the doctor’s jud...

The success of contemporary disease management strategies in shrimp aquaculture, such as the ‘systems’ approach, is predicated on robust knowledge of the conditions and interactions between the host, pathogen and environment that promote disease. Pathogen challenge experiments (PCEs) are a power tool for investigating these conditions and interacti...

In accordance with the circular of the Minister of Education and Culture of the Republic of Indonesia regarding Circular Letter Number 4 of 2020 concerning the Implementation of Educational Policies in the Emergency Period for the Spread of Corona Virus Disease (COVID-19), the learning system implemented is online. STMIK AKAKOM is one of the univer...

Circular RNAs (circRNAs) have been the focus of intense scientific research to understand their biogenesis, mechanisms of action and regulatory functions. CircRNAs are single stranded, covalently closed RNA molecules lacking the 5′-terminal cap and the 3′-terminal polyadenine chain, characteristics that make them very stable and resistant. Synthesi...

Background In December 2022, the discontinuation of China’s dynamic zero policy resulted in a nationwide surge of Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19)-related cases and hospitalizations. We sought to probe the immune profile of the elderly with COVID-19 and explore the feasibility of a certain cell population as biomarker for risk stratification, w...

Marek’s disease (MD) is a highly infectious lymphoproliferative disease in chickens with a significant economic impact. Mardivirus gallidalpha 2, also known as Marek’s disease virus (MDV), is the causative pathogen and has been categorized based on its virulence rank into four pathotypes: mild (m), virulent (v), very virulent (vv), and very virulen...

: Corona virus disease 2019 (COVID -19) is caused by the Severe acute respiratory syndrome corona virus (SARS-COV-2). In the absence of an effective treatment, vaccination becomes the main modality to control the incidence of infectious diseases. Hence, there is a need to estimate the attitudes and willingness among pregnant women for COVID 19 Vacc...

Background In the United States (U.S.), Powassan virus is primarily transmitted to humans by the black‐legged tick ( Ixodes scapularis) . Rarely, infections can present as severe neuroinvasive disease. In 2019, four neuroinvasive disease cases were reported in Sussex County, New Jersey, U.S. We administered a survey to county residents to better un...

The resilience and reliability of healthcare supply chain models were put to the test by the Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19). This study investigated the application of supply chain systems in South African healthcare institutions during the COVID-19 pandemic. A systematic literature review (SLR) was employed to explore the performance of exis...

Infectious bursal disease is an acute, immunosuppressive infectious disease in chickens caused by the infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV), which causes huge economic losses to the global poultry industry. Persistently circulating very virulent IBDV (vvIBDV) and newly emerging novel variant IBDV (nVarIBDV) are the two dominant epidemic strains of...

Berries are among some of the healthiest foods you can eat. They are a good source of antioxidants and can prevent the increase of free radicals that cause oxidative stress and diseases such as cancer. This book provides a comprehensive overview of berry fruits. It addresses such topics as viral disease and control methods in strawberry, raspberry,...

Since the discovery of the polymorphic nature of the IFNL4 gene, its variants have been investigated and associated with several viral diseases, with an emphasis on hepatitis C. However, the impacts of these variants on mixed-race and native populations in the northern region of Brazil are scarce. We investigated three variants of the IFNL4 gene in...

The global re-emergence of monkeypox (Mpox) in non-endemic regions in 2022 has highlighted the critical importance of timely virus detection and robust public health surveillance in assessing outbreaks and their impact. Despite significant Mpox research being conducted worldwide, there is an urgent need to identify knowledge gaps and prioritize key...

1. MSc student of laboratory hematology and blood banking sciences Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Hematology Department, Mashhad, Iran Background:

Cassava is an important food security and industrial crop. Its production is constrained by viral diseases such as cassava mosaic disease (CMD) and cassava brown streak disease (CBSD), caused by cassava mosaic begomoviruses (CMBs) and ipomoviruses, respectively. In recent years, CMBs have been associated with satellite DNAs. Food security status of...

African Swine Fever (ASF) is a highly economically devastating viral disease for swine. Soft ticks of the genus Ornithodoros are involved in its epidemiology, as vectors and natural reservoirs of African Swine Fever Virus (ASFV). This constitutes a significant problem as it is currently challenging to eliminate endophilous soft ticks living in inac...

Dengue is the most prevalent mosquito-borne viral disease in humans, and cases are continuing to rise globally. In particular, islands in the Caribbean have experienced more frequent outbreaks, and all four dengue virus (DENV) serotypes have been reported in the region, leading to hyperendemicity and increased rates of severe disease. However, ther...

Infectious bursal disease (IBD) or Gumboro disease is an acute, highly contagious viral disease of young chickens characterised by haemorrhagic syndrome, severe damage in the cloacal bursa, immunosuppression, and high mortality, generally at 3-6 weeks of age. The present study was performed to investigate the molecular characteristics and histopath...

Background and Aim: Caprine arthritis and encephalitis (CAE) is a multisystemic persistent viral disease of goat that causes significant economic losses to the farmers and livestock sector. However, no information in this country is available regarding CAE virus (CAEV) infection. Therefore, this study aimed to estimate the seroprevalence of CAEV in...

Simple Summary African swine fever (ASF) is a highly contagious viral disease that affects domestic pigs and wild boars worldwide. For efficient and accurate ASF management, identification of potential wild boar habitats and current ASF-managed areas is crucial. In this study, we used ensemble species distribution models to estimate the potential h...

Objective College Students’ sleep quality and daytime dysfunction have become worse since the COVID-19 outbreak, the purpose of this study was to explore the relationship between sleep quality and daytime dysfunction among college students during the COVID-19 (Corona Virus Disease 2019) period. Methods This research adopts the form of cluster rand...

Disease in the 21 st century is no more the prerogative of a state. It is no more a national currency. It has become a global issue. It has no borders in the modern times due fast technological development and global village concept. Simply, health security is now global health security. The intelligentsia has realized the devastative impact of dis...

Lung infections are one of the most common causes of death and morbidity worldwide. Both bacterial and viral lung infections cause a vast number of infections with varying severities. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) produced by different cells due to infection in the lung have the ability to modify the immune system, leading to either better immune re...

Patients with autoimmune polyendocrinopathy syndrome type 1 (APS-1) caused by autosomal recessive AIRE deficiency produce autoantibodies that neutralize type I interferons (IFNs) 1,2 , conferring a predisposition to life-threatening COVID-19 pneumonia ³ . Here we report that patients with autosomal recessive NIK or RELB deficiency, or a specific ty...

The twenty-first century has been marked by a surge in viral epidemics and pandemics, highlighting the global health challenge posed by emerging and re-emerging pediatric viral diseases. This review article explores the complex dynamics contributing to this challenge, including climate change, globalization, socio-economic interconnectedness, geopo...

COVID-19 is a viral disease caused by SARS-CoV-2. Various variants of SARS-CoV-2 were responsible for causing havoc worldwide resulting in approximately 6.9 million deaths across the globe to date. Since the end of 2021, Omicron (B.1.1.529) has been the recent most variant to be studied and understood to a greater extent. Omicron was found to be th...

The psychological consequences of corona virus disease (COVID- 19) pandemic on health care professionals specially working nurses were serious due to their higher exposure. The aim of this study was to assess the impact of covid-19 pandemic on the mental health among working nurses at a tertiary care hospital in Bangladesh.

COVID-19, the disease caused by SARS-CoV-2, has caused significant morbidity and mortality worldwide. The betacoronavirus continues to evolve with global health implications as we race to learn more to curb its transmission, evolution, and sequelae. The focus of this review, the second of a three-part series, is on the biological effects of the SAR...

This book explores the intricate world of livestock sciences and production through the lens of systems biology. Offering a comprehensive exploration of both fundamental and advanced aspects, it unearths the potential of systems biology in the realm of livestock. The book presents 13 edited chapters on cutting-edge knowledge about systems biology a...

The process of harmonization and strengthening of the draft bill is the most crucial stage in the formation of legislation. The 2019 Corona Virus Disease pandemic in Indonesia caused a socio-economic crisis. Among the challenges is the delay in the Legislative Body's big agenda in drafting laws. This study uses a qualitative method with a descripti...

Corona Virus Disease (Covid-19) was declared a public health global emergency by WHO on the 30th January, 2019 with over a million deaths reported by September '20 end and over 195 million job losses. Research states depression, anxiety, heightened aggression, withdrawal, fear and stress as common occurring states of mental health and emotions lead...

Mosquitoes harbor a large diversity of eukaryotic viruses. Those viromes probably influence mosquito physiology and the transmission of human pathogens. Nevertheless, their ecology remains largely unstudied. Here, we address two key questions in virome ecology. First, we assessed the influence of mosquito species on virome taxonomic diversity and r...

Brazil faces many types of pollution, including atmospheric CO2 pollution due to Amazon deforestation, pollution by heavy metals, microplastics, pesticides, pathogens, and other classes of environmental contaminants. Pathogen pollution refers to (I) the introduction of a pathogen to a new host species or population and (II) a concept used in the st...

This study describes a case report in captive rose-ringed parakeets (Psittacula krameri) that developed clinical signs and eventually died after introducing new birds without quarantine. Bronchopneumonia and airsacculitis with syncytial cells associated with intranuclear inclusion bodies were found.

Background: Lumpy skin disease (LSD) is an infectious and viral disease of cattle and water buffaloes. The disease was first noted in the southern provinces of Afghanistan in May 2022. Information concerning the epidemiological characteristics of the outbreak and knowledge of the livestock farmers about the disease is limited. The aim of this study...

As it is important for the Blood transfusion to be extremely safe, some measures have to be taken long safeguarded the blood supply from the major transfusion transmissible diseases (TTIs). The risk of transfusion-transmitted infection (TTI) rises with the number of donors exposed, and the effects of TTI are frequently more severe in immune comprom...

Plant viruses are a group of intracellular pathogens that persistently threaten global food security. Significant advances in plant virology have been achieved by Chinese scientists over the last 20 years, including basic research and technologies for preventing and controlling plant viral diseases. Here, we review these milestones and advances, in...

The Corona Virus Disease (CoViD-19) pandemic has posed an unprecedented global health crisis, necessitating rapid and accurate diagnostic tools. Machine learning techniques have emerged as powerful tools in aiding CoViD-19 detection using medical imaging, clinical data, and other relevant information. In this study, we present a comprehensive compa...

Dental healthcare personnel (DHCP) are subjected to microbe-containing aerosols and splatters in their everyday work. Safer work conditions must be developed to ensure the functioning of the healthcare system. By simulating dental procedures, we aimed to compare the virus-containing aerosol generation of four common dental instruments, and high-vol...

Malignant Catarrhal Fever (MCF) is a viral disease primarily affecting cloven-footed animals including cattle, bison, sheep, deer, and rarely giraffes. Even though the disease is reported scarcely, it has a significant economic impact on the livestock industry. The present study was aimed at the identification of Ovine gammaherpes virus 2 in one in...

Malignant Catarrhal Fever (MCF) is a viral disease primarily affecting cloven-footed animals including cattle, bison, sheep, deer, and rarely giraffes. Even though the disease is reported scarcely, it has a significant economic impact on the livestock industry. The present study was aimed at the identification of Ovine gammaherpes virus 2 in one in...

Nanovaccines based on self−assembling nanoparticles (NPs) can show conformational epitopes of antigens and they have high immunogenicity. In addition, flagellin, as a biological immune enhancer, can be fused with an antigen to considerably enhance the immune effect of antigens. In improving the immunogenicity and stability of a foot−and−mouth disea...

Cats are considered a significant public health threat and are a major source of infection for several zoonotic diseases including bacterial, protozoal, internal parasites, external parasitic, fungal, and viral diseases. Most of these diseases cause death in humans, as well as cause other serious health problems like abortion, blindness, pruritic,...

Despite numerous notable contributions by Africans during the Corona Virus Disease (COVID-19) outbreak, little effort has been made to document these contributions in a comprehensive publication. Herein this work, an attempt was made to bring together African-based technological interventions proffered in Sub-Saharan Africa during this period. Acro...

Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a disease that has never previously been found in humans and is a new type of disease. The virus that causes COVID-19 is called Sars-CoV-2. It was found that patients experienced increased mortality due to COVID-19 because they had comorbid diseases. COVID-19 patients who have one comorbid disease are at risk...

Social interactions among viruses occur whenever multiple viral genomes infect the same cells, hosts, or populations of hosts. Viral social interactions range from cooperation to conflict, occur throughout the viral world, and affect every stage of the viral lifecycle. The ubiquity of these social interactions means that they can determine the popu...

This mini review aims to explore the potential of alpha-mangostin as an antiviral candidate. Alpha-mangostin is a natural compound found in the fruit of the Garcinia mangostana tree. Over the years, it has attracted considerable attention due to its diverse pharmacological properties, including antiviral activity. This review provides an overview o...

Plant viruses pose a significant threat to global agriculture, resulting in economic losses and threatening food security. High-throughput sequencing and molecular techniques are advancing our understanding of these viruses, allowing for their detection, characterization, and control. The 55th meeting of the DPG Working Group “Viruskrankheiten der...

Background Dengue fever (DF) is a mosquito-borne viral disease transmitted by Aedes mosquito species and has been considered a major public health problem in Kassala State for tens of years. This study aimed to assess the level of readiness and response toward the 2019 dengue fever outbreak in Kassala at the state and community levels. Methods Thi...

En la producción de chile jalapeño se afrontan daños ocasionados por enfermedades virales, fúngicas, bacterianas, dentro de estas se destacan las que afectan a las raíces por ello el objetivo del trabajo fue la evaluación productiva y la protección por microorganismos para el control de Fusarium sp. en el cultivo de chile jalapeño var. Mixteco en I...

Protein-driven biological processes play a fundamental role in biomedicine because they are related to pathologies of enormous social impact, such as cancer, neuropathies, and viral diseases, including the one at the origin of the recent COVID-19 pandemic [...]

Background Sheep and goat pox (SGP) caused by sheep poxvirus (SPV) and goat poxvirus (GPV) respectively; are transboundary and World Organisation for Animal Health (WOAH)-notifiable viral diseases. There is barely any coherent information about the distribution and prevalence of SGP for Uganda. We therefore conducted this study to describe the temp...

Two modern high-quality Japanese malting barley cultivars, ‘Sukai Golden’ and ‘Sachiho Golden’, were subjected to RNA-sequencing of transcripts extracted from 20-day-old immature seeds. Despite their close relation, 2,419 Sukai Golden-specific and 3,058 Sachiho Golden-specific SNPs were detected in comparison to the genome sequences of two referenc...

Abstrak Pembatasan aktivitas bisnis di Indonesia merupakan konsekuensi yang ditimbulkan oleh Covid-19. Hal ini terjadi karena terdapat protokol kesehatan yang ditetapkan oleh pemerintah memaksa pelaku bisnis untuk menghentikan usahanya. Kondisi tersebut kemudian berimplikasi pada ketidakmampuan pelaku usaha UMKM untuk memenuhi kewajibannya kepada b...

Rationale Dengue fever is a widespread mosquito-borne viral disease, most prevalent in the tropical and subtropical areas of the world. There has been a significant rise in the incidence and number of outbreaks of dengue in recent years, which has made it a matter of global concern. It may be associated with a number of renal complications, ranging...