Virus Diseases - Science topic

Background: This study aimed to investigate the persistence of Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus (FMDV) in clinically recovered cattle following an outbreak, focusing on both local indigenous breeds (Lakhimi) and crossbred cattle (Holstein Friesian-cross) in Assam. Methods: A total of 129 cattle (36 local and 93 crossbred), clinically recovered from FMD...

Chikungunya is a vector-borne viral disease caused by the mosquitoes Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus. There is no specific medical treatment or available vaccine. This work presents a host-vector model that considers two age structures: chronological age and asymptomatic infection age. This model accounts for variability in the relapse period an...

Hepatitis E virus (HEV) infection, an emerging viral disease, can lead to a high rate of fulminant hepatitis, liver failure, and an increased risk of mortality for pregnant women and fetus. This study aimed at determining the prevalence of HEV infection among pregnant women attending antenatal clinic at selected Government Hospitals in Akure city,...

Background and Objective: Eggplant (Solanum gilo), an important vegetable crop in Nigeria, is widely cultivated for its nutritional and medicinal benefits, as well as its economic value to small-scale farmers. This study aimed to evaluate the growth and yield responses of ten eggplant accessions to viral infections under field conditions. Materials...

Background Patients with end stage renal disease (ESRD) undergoing hemodialysis are at increased risk for infection and impaired vaccination responses. We analyzed overlap and influencing factors of vaccination responses against severe acute respiratory syndrome corona virus disease 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and Hepatitis B virus (HBV). Methods SARS-CoV-2 an...

Bacteriophages, as ubiquitous bacterial viruses in various natural ecosystems, play an important role in maintaining the homeostasis of the natural microbiota. For many years, bacteriophages were not believed to act on eukaryotic cells; however, recent studies have confirmed their ability to affect eukaryotic cells and interact with the host immune...

Rabies is a zoonotic viral disease with significant public health implications in the United States. Although human cases are rare due to effective public health measures, rabies remains a concern due to its high fatality rate and the presence of wildlife reservoirs. This paper reviews the epidemiology, prevention strategies, and control measures f...

Very virulent plus Marek’s disease virus (vv+MDV) induces severe immunosuppression in commercial chickens. In this study, we evaluated how three Gallid alphaherpesvirus 2 (GaHV-2) vaccines (CVI-988, rMd5-BAC∆Meq, and CVI-LTR) protected against two negative outcomes of vv+MDV infection: (1) reduced viability and frequency of immune cells in the sple...

Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) has been designated by WHO as a global pandemic. Based on the data obtained, the proportion of COVID-19 cases in adolescents is 24.88%. This is because the youth group is considered a non-vulnerable group. One of the efforts to prevent exposure to the coronavirus is to take multivitamins and immunomodulators. Th...

Background Global re-emergence of the zoonotic viral disease, Mpox (Monkeypox) has drawn global attention, leading to its declaration as a Public Health Emergency of International Concern (PHEIC) by World Health Organisation (WHO) in July 2022. Nigeria is a spotlight identified for the viral disease outbreak, with attention drawn on its transmissio...

Dengue fever is the fastest spreading vector-borne virus disease, transmitted through the bite of female mosquitos of the Aedes aegypti species. Dengue fever has surged in recent decades, with estimates putting 40-50% of the world's population at risk for the disease[1] In Ayurveda, dengue fever can be correlated with Vishamjwara. Various formulati...

The influence of landscape structure on epidemic invasion of agricultural crops is often underestimated in the construction and analysis of epidemiological models. Computer simulations of individual-based models (IBMs) are widely used to characterize disease spread under different management scenarios but can be slow in exploring large numbers of d...

Influenza, commonly known as the flu, is a highly contagious viral disease that primarily targets the upper and lower respiratory tract. It is caused by a diverse group of influenza viruses, which are broadly classified into types A, B, C, and D. While some of these viruses are specific to humans, others primarily infect animals such as birds, pigs...

Objectives Although patients with immune-mediated inflammatory diseases (IMID) are thought to be more susceptible to viral infections, it is unclear whether their presentation differs between patients with IMID and healthy controls. This study aimed to investigate the symptom pattern of common viral infections in patients with IMID and compare it w...

Chicken infectious anemia (CIA) is a highly contagious disease caused by the chicken infectious anemia virus (CIAV), and it poses a serious threat to the poultry industry. However, effective control measures and strategies have not been identified. In this study, a recombinant Marek’s disease virus (rMDV) expressing the VP1 and VP2 proteins of CIAV...

Long COVID - Express treatement. Annotation: Symptoms persisting for more than 2 months after proven Covid 19 disease: Fatigue, headache, shortness of breath, cough, decrease in O2 saturation during exertion, foggy thinking with signs of aphasia (brain fog), spine (back) and joint pain. The patient recovered within 5 days, medication 500mg Ciprof...

Curly top is one of the most important viral diseases of sugar beet. Use of resistance sources is a promising strategy for control of this disease. In the present study, the efficiency of four gene silencing constructs (OUT-hp ،IN-hp ، sense and antisense) against two major causes of curly top disease in Iran, beet curly top virus-Svr (BCTV) and be...

Annotation: This abstract explores the emerging health concerns surrounding the interplay between cancer and monkeypox. Cancer, a complex group of diseases characterized by abnormal cell growth, and monkeypox, a rare viral disease with similarities to smallpox, present unique challenges to global health. The relationship between cancer and monkeypo...

Respiratory viral infections continue to cause pandemic and epidemic outbreaks in humans and animals. Under steady-state conditions, alveolar macrophages (AlvMϕ) fulfill a multitude of tasks in order to maintain tissue homeostasis. Due to their anatomic localization within the deep lung, AlvMϕ are prone to detect and react to inhaled viruses and th...

Despite advances in medicine and antimicrobial research, viral infections continue to pose a major threat to human health. While major strides have been made in generating vaccines and small molecules to combat emerging pathogens, new modalities of treatment are warranted in diseases where there is a lack of treatment options, or where treatment ca...

Lassa fever, which is prevalent in some parts of West Africa, is one of the viral diseases with no known vaccine for its prevention. The Lassa fever virus tends to be sensitive to certain environmental factors such as rainfall and temperature. This study uses statistical approaches to investigate the influence of meteorological factors (rainfall, h...

Purpose: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a viral disease, causing a deadly situation around the world. Significant cases need hospitalization and intensive care. Obese, diabetic, and immunosuppressed people have poor prognosis. Here, we are establishing the link between liver disease and COVID-19. Methods: A thorough investigation was perfor...

Virus jenis baru Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome-Coronavirus -2 (SARS-CoV-2) dengan nama umumnya dikenal sebagai Corona Virus Disease 2019 (Covid-19). Covid-19 adalah sebuah pandemi global. Kasus ini tersebar di 215 negara termasuk Indonesia. Pegawai merupakan pekerja yang sangat rentan terinfeksi Covid-19. Hal ini dikaitkan dengan tingginya akti...

Measles is a viral disease that can be prevented through vaccination and is a leading cause of childhood mortality. Immunizing children against measles is a highly effective and cost-efficient public health intervention. However, there are still gaps in vaccination coverage; some children do not receive complete immunization. We aimed to describe c...

Dengue is a viral disease transmitted by the Aedes aegypti mosquito and represents a major public health challenge in Brazil, where deficiencies in vector control favor its spread. The objective of this study is to analyze dengue fever as an emerging public health problem in Brazil. The study is an integrative review conducted according to the Pref...

Background: Marek’s disease (MD) is a pathology affecting chickens caused by Marek’s disease virus (MDV), an acute transforming alphaherpesvirus of the genus Mardivirus. MD is characterized by paralysis, immune suppression, and the rapid formation of T-cell (primarily CD4+) lymphomas. Over the last 50 years, losses due to MDV infection have been co...

Introduction: Dengue is a mosquito-borne viral disease that has rapidly spread in all regions of WHO in recent years. Dengue is widespread throughout the tropics, with local variations in risk influenced by rainfall, temperature and unplanned rapid urbanization. The aim of the study is to assess the knowledge regarding dengue among the nursing stud...

Viral diseases are posing a growing threat to the young poultry industry flourishing in the country. Infectious bursal disease, Newcastle disease, Marek’s disease (MD), and Fowl pox are among the serious threats to poultry production. IBD is considered as AIDS of chicken since it severely affects the immune system of chicken. NDV is a human pathoge...

Dengue fever is described by the World Health Organization (WHO) as "the most important mosquito-borne viral disease in the world." In Yemen, dengue cases have consistently increased, with Aden Governorate reporting 12% of total cases and over 45% of dengue-related deaths, making it a leading public health challenge. Conflict has exacerbated health...

An unseen risk (UR) means that there is miserly information about that risk. Traditional mathematical paradigms for risk analysis, especially probability models based on the law of large numbers, cannot analyze any UR. In this paper, we for the first time propose granule-state intelligent mathematics (GSIM) based on granules and states as basic ele...

Currently, about 50 known phytopathogenic viruses infect maize worldwide; however, the maize dwarf mosaic virus (MDMV) is the most common. Studies on the effects of MDMV have progressed in the experimental fields of the Chirchik State Pedagogical University, Tashkent, Uzbekistan. In the latest research, seven different maize (Zea mays L.) cultivars...

Poultry production systems are usually exposed to important infections that could be prevented by vaccination programs. Conventional methods of vaccination such as drinking water; spray, eye, or nose inoculation; and injection are usually given after hatching and have many disadvantages. Therefore, there is a great need for searching of alternative...

Background: Rabies is a fatal viral disease of CNS. In India 17.4 million people are exposed to animal bites annually. Having a varied incubation period, post exposure prophylaxis should be started immediately after any animal bite exposure to prevent rabies. This study was conducted to find out the reasons behind delay in seeking treatment immedia...

Background and Aim: Gumboro disease is an economically crucial veterinary condition in chickens. It is caused by the infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV). This virus consists of two serotype groups, of which serotype I strain is pathogenic to chickens. For many years, the development of molecular techniques for either diagnostic purposes or surve...

Dengue, a mosquito-borne viral disease, continues to pose severe risks to public health and economic stability in tropical and subtropical regions, particularly in developing nations like Bangladesh. The necessity for advanced forecasting mechanisms has never been more critical to enhance the effectiveness of vector control strategies and resource...

The study evaluated staking options to address the problem of deforestation for sustainable yam production in the Forest and Forest-Savannah Transition zones of Ghana. A split-plot design with three yam varieties (Dente, Water Yam and TDR95/19177 line) and three staking options (No staking, Vertical staking and Trellis with 50% and 30% number of ve...

Corona Virus Disease (COVID-19), due to the infection of highly contagious and fatal Corona Virus, massively and adversely affects human life worldwide. COVID-19 pandemic has led to a rise in fear, anxiety, stress and depression among the population. Consequential events during pandemic pressed mind with fear of infection, and thereby changed life...

Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L. Walp) is an important grain legume in most parts of Sub Saharan Africa. However, viral diseases are a major limiting production factor causing significant yield losses. An experiment was conducted to evaluate the reaction of 105 different cowpea genotypes to viral infection in different agro-ecological zones of Uganda....

Relevance. Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) is an important agricultural crop in Russia and is grown in over 160 countries worldwide, mainly in temperate regions. This is due to both the susceptibility of the plants to temperature stress and the increased harmfulness of bacterial and viral diseases at higher temperatures. The aim of the study is to co...

Four tomato varieties, namely Kashi Vishesh, Kashi Anupam, Kashi Amrit and Hisar Arun (S-7), were evaluated against the variety Navoday in farmer's field with farmer’s participation for yield potential and other yield characters at Satna, Madhya Pradesh during rainy seasons of two consecutive years 2009 and 2010. The experiment was arranged in comp...

During the Kharif 2023, a comprehensive survey was conducted in the Ahilyanagar district of Maharashtra to collect the data on variety grown, seedling production season, seed treatment, double door facility, hardening facility, hardening period (days), insect proof net size, plant protection measures taken, fertilizer application, pest infestation....

A viral disease of corona 2019 ( covid-19 ) is severe acute respiratory syndrome corona-2 virus ( sars-cov-2 ) 88 % death caused by sars-cov-1 covid-19 patients.Since indonesia set covid-19 national disaster as the date of 13 april 2020 with the number of cases is increasing.Based on data from 25 march indonesian health ministry by 2020, a total of...

Sweetpotato is an important crop in many parts of the world especially in developing countries. It is used for both human consumption as well as livestock feed. It is an important source of carbohydrates, vitamin C, fibre, iron, potassium, protein and β-carotene. Its production is, however, constrained by several biotic and abiotic factors, includi...

The emergence of tick-borne viral diseases has significantly led to intensified efforts to identify viruses harbored by ticks. In this study, we employed next-generation sequencing to analyze RNA viral sequences present in 1360 questing ticks collected from the Ishikawa and Ehime Prefectures, Japan. Phylogenetic analysis of these viral sequences su...

Betanodavirus is a pathogen of many tropical and temperate marine and brackishwater fish species. It is an etiological agent of viral nervous necrosis (VNN) in fish larvae and juveniles, leading up to 100% mortality. One among the best and effective approaches to control viral diseases in aquaculture is vaccination. Purified viral particles are use...

The exploration of nucleophilic aromatic substitution (SNAr) reactions in dinitropyridines with piperidine offers valuable mechanistic insights that can inform the design of potent inhibitors targeting SARS-CoV-2. In this computational study, we employ quantum mechanical methods to investigate the interaction mechanisms between dinitropyridines and...

Cassava viral diseases particularly cassava brown streak disease (CBSD) and cassava mosaic disease (CMD) have put pressure on cassava breeders to develop varieties that are resistant/tolerant to them. Several cassava varieties have been rolled out to farmers with the latest being NAROCASS series that are tolerant to these diseases. The yield perfor...

Background: African swine fever is among the most devastating viral diseases of pigs. Despite nearly a century of research, there is still no safe and effective vaccine available. The current situation is that either vaccines are safe but not effective, or they are effective but not safe.Findings: The ASF vaccine prepared using the inactivation met...

Background: Dengue fever is a mosquito-borne viral disease that presents as asymptomatic or can clinically manifest with symptoms like hemorrhagic fever and shock. Alteration of various other hematological parameters includes leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, hematocrit changes, and liver enzyme alteration. this study aimed to investigate dengue patien...

The emergence of the new viruses, bacteria and parasites leads to the widespread infection of the disease. This requires an efficient testing instrument with high sensitivity, high selectivity and rapid speed of detection. The electrochemical method is introduced to the clinical test of a wide range of disease nowadays. Compared with the traditiona...

Cryotherapy is commonly used in different medical fields including dermatology, urology, oncology and sports medicine. The well-known complications of cryotherapy include dyspigmentation, scar formation and hair loss. Herein, a facial zona zoster case is reported as an unexpected complication of cryotherapy.

At the end of the last century, transmission of viral diseases such as AIDS and HIV through blood transfusions to patients with ‘‘Hemophiliacs’’, to kick up a row the discussion about civil liability arising from contaminated blood transfusion in the case called ‘‘Hemophiliacs’’ end trying to get it drew Hemophiliacs material and moral damage promp...

Maize is one of the leading cereals produced and consumed in Kenya and is very vital to food security. In the recent past, maize production has encountered many problems including poor input use, drought, pests, and diseases. Maize production in Kenya has been particularly devastated by Maize Lethal Necrosis (MLN), a viral disease which unexpectedl...

Infants in rural and remote populations were presented with positive Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) status when parents were healthy (HIV negative). This was a serious concern to clinicians as to how a newborn baby (within 12 months of birth) could be HIV positive when the parents were HIV negative. The infants had no history of any blood trans...

Corona Virus Disease COVID-19 has significantly impacted the pharmaceutical manufacturing sector. Production Efficiency in pharmaceutical facilities is questionable to withstand the drastic conditions under which the drug manufacturing supply chains are. Overall Equipment Effectiveness (OEE) is a primary indicator of efficiency. The aim of this rev...

Background: Dengue is a viral disease transmitted by the mosquitoes Aedes, which is characterized by fever, myalgia and arthralgia. In some cases, it can be fatal. For many years, dengue fever has been endemic to Mexico; however, few studies have investigated the historical and current extents of dengue fever at the national level or considered the...

Pseudostellaria heterophylla (Miq.) Pax, a highly valued Chinese medicinal plant, is experiencing a notable decline in yield and quality due to viral diseases, particularly caused those by TuMV and BBWV2. Currently, the absence of a quantitative detection method for these viruses in P. heterophylla impedes the accurate diagnosis. The development of...

Phase separation (PS) plays a fundamental role in organizing aggregates during the viral lifecycle, providing significant opportunities for in viral disease treatment by inhibiting PS. Intrinsically disordered regions (IDRs) have been extensively studied and found to be critical for PS. However, the discovery of small molecules that target residues...

Mpox is an infectious viral disease endemic to Central African countries. It has seen a resurgence in this region, particularly in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), disproportionately affecting children under 15 years. In this study, we developed an age-structured mathematical model to assess the effect of vaccination on Mpox dynamics in the...

Despite increased conservation efforts, the European rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus), a keystone species in the Iberian Peninsula, continues declining due to habitat degradation and viral diseases. Following the 2011 outbreak of Rabbit Hemorrhagic Disease virus GI.2, the species was listed as Endangered by the International Union for Conservation of...

Penyakit tanaman cabai dapat menyebabkan penurunan produksi yang signifikan, sehingga membuat keberlanjutan pertanian dan pangan. Penelitian ini mengembangkan sistem untuk mengkategorikan daun cabai menggunakan Gray Level Co-occurrence Matrix (GLCM) untuk ekstraksi tekstur dan K-Nearest Neighbors (KNN) untuk klasifikasi. Data citra daun cabai yang...

Grapevines (Vitis vinifera L.) are one of the most economically relevant crops worldwide, yet they are highly vulnerable to various diseases, causing substantial economic losses for winegrowers. This systematic review evaluates the application of remote sensing and proximal tools for vineyard disease detection, addressing current capabilities, gaps...

Objective Dengue fever is a rapidly spreading viral disease transmitted by mosquitoes, and it is becoming a global concern. This study aimed to assess the awareness, attitude, and performance of the people in Hormozgan province in carrying out preventive behaviors and dengue fever control methods. Method This descriptive-analytical study was condu...

Among the cultivated crop species, the economically and culturally important grapevine plays host to the greatest number of distinctly characterized viruses. A critical component of the management and containment of these viral diseases in grapevine is both the identification of infected vines and the characterization of new pathogens. Next-generat...

The scientific study of heavenly miracles does not mean denying that they are miracles, because a phenomenon will be more believable if it is scientifically justified years later. One of the undeniable miracles witnessed by many, even among non-believers, was the strange movements of the sun in Fatima. In fact, this miracle happened at the request...

A crise econômica do capital associa-se à recente crise sanitária do Corona Vírus Disease (covid-19), que imprimiu a prerrogativa de distanciamento social para redução da disseminação do novo coronavírus, reorganizando processos de trabalho intermediados pelas Tecnologias de Informação e Comunicação (TICs). Refletir sobre estes processos de trabalh...

Nipah virus is a newly discovered infectious illness in a crowded world. It has a deadly impact on both the human and animal populations. Controlling the disease will need a deeper understanding of the route of transmission. To better explain how the illness behaves, an epidemic system consisting of eight separate compartments has been devised base...

Mixed infections of plant viruses are common in crops and represent a critical biotic factor with substantial epidemiological implications for plant viral diseases. Compared to single-virus infections, mixed infections arise from simultaneous or sequential infections, which can inevitably affect the ecology and evolution of the diseases. These infe...

The production of cereals crop in recent years has become more energy-intensive with increased cost, which necessitated the introduction of increasingly high-yielding varieties of wheat, and in the case of barley, in addition to varieties and hybrids. Climate change has also had a major impact in recent years on the selection of wheat and barley va...

Kerala, a south Indian state witnessed several outbreaks of Nipah encephalitis since 2018, a zoonotic viral disease with significant pandemic potential. This review highlights the relevance of surveillance and health system preparedness, infection control, early diagnosis and treatment with broad-spectrum antivirals, environmental conservation, and...

Pathogenic viruses trigger or disrupt multiple signaling networks to establish an environment optimized for their own replication and productive infection [...]