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Urban Resilience - Science topic

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The book has been published! Who is interested in organizing a free online seminar to discuss the contents openly?
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I might have seen it late, but I would love to!
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Urban Resilience
Urban resilience is the capacity of a city’s systems, businesses, institutions, communities, and individuals to survive, adapt, and thrive, no matter what chronic stresses and acute shocks they experience.
Urban resilience has conventionally been defined as the "measurable ability of any urban system, with its inhabitants, to maintain continuity through all shocks and stresses, while positively adapting and transforming towards sustainability".
Therefore, a resilient city is one that assesses, plans and acts to prepare for and respond to hazards, regardless whether they are natural or human-made, sudden or slow-onset, expected or unexpected. Resilient Cities are better positioned to protect and enhance people's lives, secure development gains, and drive positive change
100 Resilient Cities
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because of possibly lack of electricity, water and pollution
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Understanding how zoning policies and urban development regulations can be optimized to promote vertical development and enhance land use efficiency is crucial for addressing the challenges of urban sprawl and environmental degradation. By focusing on high-density, mixed-use zoning, cities can maximize the use of limited land resources, reduce the ecological footprint of urban areas, and create more sustainable and livable communities. This question aims to explore effective regulatory frameworks and planning strategies that can support sustainable urban growth, ultimately contributing to better land conservation and improved urban resilience.
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To optimize zoning policies and urban development regulations for promoting vertical development and better land use efficiency, cities can focus on a few key strategies. First, they can encourage high-density, mixed-use zoning, which allows for residential, commercial, and recreational spaces in the same area, making better use of limited land. Secondly, by relaxing height restrictions on buildings, cities can promote vertical growth instead of horizontal sprawl. Lastly, offering incentives for green building practices and efficient land use can help create more sustainable and livable urban areas. These approaches can reduce urban sprawl, lower environmental impact, and enhance overall urban resilience.
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Hello, my research is about urban resilience.
I would be happy to cooperate with other researchers in this field of urban resilience.
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In the words of conventional wisdom, urban resilience is "the quantifiable capacity of any urban system, with its inhabitants, to maintain continuity through all shocks and stresses, while positively adapting and transforming towards sustainability." Cities with greater resilience are better able to protect their economic achievements, enhance the quality of life for their citizens, and foster positive change. Urban resilience has become a rising issue in city planning in recent years, partly because it can be used to describe shifts that affect the structure and function of urban areas. Despite the fact that there are different methods to describe urban resilience, it no longer merely refers to how quickly a city's systems recover from a shock. Understanding the processes and resources that support building is therefore necessary.
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Dear Researchers,
Currently, I am based in Jordan. My MSc thesis was about assessing the DRR in camp design by comparing two case studies of a prolonged Palestinian camp and a newly constructed camp of AlAzraq camp (for Syrian refugees). I am open to having your feedback, and suggestions to work on it to publish a paper from it, if possible.
Additionally, I am open to collaborating on any research - upon availability - on topics related to humanitarian and urbanism in Jordan.
Best
AbdelRahman
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عمل موفق بإذن الله
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We are launching our project CoKLIMAx, which is the application of COPERNICUS data for climate-relevant urban planning using the example of water, heat, and vegetation.
Are you aware of any digital toolboxes that are already being used in the urban planning context with the objective to increase urban resilience?
We are looking forward to your reply.
Best regards,
Michael.
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Dear Dr. MM Bühler,
It would be interesting to take into account the HerCity platform or digital toolbox for sustainable, equitable and inclusive cities. HerCity is a platform that involves women in Urban Development, in order to improve the cities in which we live. By changing the team and putting girls in the position of experts, this digital toolbox aims to "create more inclusive, equitable and sustainable Cities and Communities." This initiative offers methods and tools available to urban users around the world and its purpose is to help cities to "integrate girls in a participatory way" in their long-term strategies. It is a platform that was launched on "Women's Day" in 2021 and its guide to urban planning and design represents a collaborative effort between UN-Habitat and Global Utmaning. Although cities are supposed to be built for everyone, most of the time they are thought, planned and designed by adults. Given the lack of knowledge in planning and "participatory" urban design, at the decision-making level, it requires that girls and / or women conceive of the public spaces of a city in the same different measure compared to boys or men, THERE IS WHAT TO INTEGRATE THEM, not exclude or consider them separately.
You can take a look at the following link:
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Dear Researchers.
I am looking forward to finding a well-known or prominent conference that has proceedings in disaster recovery, urban resiliency, sustainable development, and community development.
I would be appreciated if anyone can help me.
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How can we measure the role of urban agriculture in urban resilience?
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sustainable agricultural development for food security and nutrition
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For the last 10 years, the word STUDENTIFICATION has found it way into the English dictionary and urban research corpus especially in the areas of geography and urban planning. Although, not a popular field yet, few scholars globally have been looking at the impacts of students geographies within university communities and how the negative impacts can be controlled.
So, Is it a good thing or a bad thing to have a lot of students live among us in our communities because their universities cant provide accommodation for all of them on-campus?
and, What are these impacts (Positive or negative) in our OWN communities?
Thank you for your feedback, answers, contributions and discussions.
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Basically the argument here is economic growth vs. social changes in communities. For the former, it is evident that there are economic advantages while for the latter, impacts such as noise, hygiene, over-population, and imbalance in rental values could lead into certain issues.
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Well. Do You have some reference on how the triple-helix (government/academia/industry) has been working on social disasters (e.g. outbreaks, natural ones, so on)?
I'd like to know how the triple-helix is using innovations (open innovations, new technologies, new policies, and any thing like that, any sort of nature) to manage social or urban resilience.
Thanks!
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Thanks, Prof. Shamim.
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I'm working on urban resilience and can't access to VENSIM DSS which has DLL and game in it. I'm using Vensim PLE, ArcGIS, and Python and need to use DLL and game too. Is any way for this?
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PLE isn't intended for this kind of work, and therefore doesn't support the data I/O you would need to get the job done.
Ventity, on the other hand, does support data export and its data model is a more natural fit with raster and vector files. You can't script it yet, but the academic license is currently similar to PLE.
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Anything unique that has been brought to the forefront in very recent years regarding health psychology?
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Agree with Dr@ Mahesh Kumar
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Is there anyone who tried to use this toolkit? What are the lessons learned or challenges experienced? 
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You can test for psychological resilience:
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I am interested in indicator-based approaches, score cards, etc.
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I'm researching the resilient factor in buildings and how it could reduce the climate change impact on them.
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Dear Hamit:
Thank you! It's a really interesting information. I'm going to read it carefully. So I will glad to interchange opinions to you later.
Best wishes,
Rolando
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urban-ecosystem, ecology, indicator based , resilience, urban resilience
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thank you very much, it will certainly help me
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What impacts do urbanization and land use change have on estuarine, coastal, and marine biodiversity, and in what capacity can approach and practice be incorporated to guarantee that these impacts are moderated?
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Here in Fiji urbanization has led to the huge decline of mangrove forests as well as the pollution of waterways. As a result biodiversity declined as well.
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Arguments against expanding city boundaries
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It depends of whose interests will benefit the expansion of city boundaries. In developing countries like the Philippines and from the point of view of local politicians, expansion can mean more IRA or Internal Revenue Allotment from the national government. For corrupt politicians, this would imply more opportunities for kickbacks for more projects. Expansion of boundaries can also mean more elective positions for the political clan and family dynasties. Thanks and cheers!
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Ecosystems are complex and hierarchical systems. The level of connectivity between the elements must be considered.
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In plant systems, The level of within species genetic diversity and species diversity will buffer the system from environmental perturbations.. 
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Good afternoon, you know of the existence of some scale of
Assessment of community violence perceived in a given neighborhood?
Many thanks in advance / Mario Millán
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If you're thinking of something you could administer to individuals with neighborhoods, there are a number of possibilities depending on age, including the Traumatic Life Events Questionnaire, Survey of Exposure to Community Violence, and the Screen for Adolescent Violence Exposure, among others.
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The ability to confidently characterise and quantify links between ecosystem structure, functions and services, and how these respond to perturbation - particularly where multiple ESs interact - seems to still represent a significant challenge for science. Ecological production functions (EPFs) have recently been explored as one way to map and quantify these dynamics - does anyone have any insights into what role EPFs will/might play in resolving these questions in the near future? I'd appreciate any feedback, thanks!
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Well, I think the attached article might be useful to you, in which it tries to introduce a methodology that translates ecosystem services types into user's experienced and recognized ecosystem benefits in the local context. From my point of view, the cascade model suggested by De Groot et al. (2010) did provide a structural way of linking ecosystems to human wellbeing. You can find out more from that article. Thanks.
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Considering the published projections regarding climate changes, namely in Europe, should we proceed designing future buildings (that wll last for the next 100 years) using TMY (typical meteoological year) files?
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Considering climate change, TMY shall be combined with info coming from weather files adapted to extreme weather temperatures to subsequently morphing the file to future weather. Instances of extreme weather files are DSY, pDSY, DRY, UMY, XMY, SRY, HSY,...
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There are elements of urban resilience inherent in the historic cities of kathmandu valley (for eg). Some of  these elements are, its social structure, values, etc. How can these elements be strengthened and new elements introduced effectively within the reconstruction process/planning?
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thank you so much !
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In addition to the manuals that some institutions have published, where can I find consistent assessments (qualitative and quantitative) of urban resilience of socio-economic point of view?
I know there are many reviews from the environmental point of view and risk management. but I'm interested in gathering indicators representing socio-economic and urban morphology aspects.
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A Prof.ª Teresa Barata Salgueiro tem artigos onde analisa a resiliência urbana e o setor retalhista. Podem dar pistas...
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I am wondering whether the way in which sustainability (focus on carrying capacity) is framed somehow hindering any improvement on the likelihood of steering the 1960s model of gentrification that is focused on class and land toward building more resilient cities. I appreciate dissuasion, ideas, articles or any personal experience from case studies, etc. 
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Modification of city development policies to meet the modern needs of the residents has positive contributions to city sustainabilty but the aspects that compels gentrification of low income and poor or indigent classes are most often resisted in West African cities I have visited such as transportation policies that forcefully drives away hawkers and street trading along congested roadsides. I don't know if similar practice is happening anywhere in Asia and Europe. 
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I am researching about public space size, access, localization and distribution, and I need to know how are these critery in other countrys. Or someone can help me with suggestions papers with these informations? Thanks
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Dear Izabel,
This may not be exactly what you are looking for, but in my 20-year-long study of institution and home I developed a territorial gradient (see attached diagrams). The gradient, the first diagram, delineates the domain, the number of people potentially using the space (perhaps the most important factor), the approximate size, typical term of occupancy,  typical responsible entity, typical type of control necessary, and typical access. 
Since I was applying the gradient to residential buildings, the second and third diagrams are more applied. For the second, I placed different types of residential buildings on the scale as one way of exploring degrees of institutionality.  The third combines this and other studies I did, especially space syntax to develop a gradient of institutionality. This is described in my book Institution and Home: Architecture as a Cultural Medium (Techne Press, 2006), (see also my article online "Institutional Space, Domestic Space, and Power Relations: Revisiting territoriality with space syntax")
With best wishes,
Julia
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Does anyone have published case studies on Urban Mining ? I am interested in both fields, landfill mining and urban mining of cities ?
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Maybe worth reading in the light of salvaging metals for the electronics industry...
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I am looking for frameworks for resilience which explicitly detail i.e a step by step process guide to how to develop and measure resilience and then promote resilience in a river basin.
There are some framework that useful in urban areas and many papers attempt to make a framework and discuss the theoretical aspects without actually producing a detailed step by step guide for building the various coping capacities or capitals (social, environmental, etc.). In addition many papers discuss indicators which would could be used for measuring resilience through the capitals, however they don't seem to detail the data required or method of collection.
 I would greatly appreciate any assistance in this matter, Thank you
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Dear Ayoob,
Your question is important.
The concept of resilience is an approach of the utmost importance to reduce the extent and impact of disasters. It uses two key concepts:
- Accept that zero risk does not exist, making it possible to better prepare for a shock;
- Engage the populations located in risk areas to become actors of their safety, both in advance in the management of the event.
Register resilience in public policies for the prevention of natural hazards. This requires the development of an individual and collective risk culture to all stakeholders of a territory. It also requires an understanding of the sources of vulnerability and impact mechanisms
arising depending on the environment, crossed crisis (economic, social) and incurred risks (natural, industrial). It finally examines the territory of political developments. Because of the increased responsibility of local authorities in
risk anticipation, the question of their role in responses to will also be discussed.
Some questions may be associated with this problem
To what extent the action of public authorities is it effective in acculturation of the risks? How to develop a culture of resilience? What are the individual and collective behaviors to promote and act preventively rebound from the crisis? How to generate interest and active participation of citizens? What policies and practices development that exacerbate the risks or preventing them, to change first?
With my best regards
Prof. Bachir ACHOUR
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I am looking for frameworks for community resilience which explicitly detail i.e a step by step process guide to how to develop and measure resillience
Many papers attempt to make a framework and discuss the theortical aspects without actually producing a detailed step by step guide for building the various coping capacities or capitals (social, environmental, etc). In addition many papers discuss indicators which would could be used for measuring resileince through the capitals, however they don't seem to detail the data required or method of collection.
 I would greatly appreciate any assistance in this matter, Thank you
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Hi Stephanie,
It's a really good question and a bit of a challenging space. Lots of theory, lots of active practitioners, a bit of a gap between the two. 
One useful practical/technical guide focusing on resilience in the face of food security and nutrition issues is from Action Against Hunger:
Regarding the measurement question. FAO/WFP/UNICEF have some interesting index-work going on in Ethiopia. It's robust for what it is, but also quite bulky for the average practitioner:
Another really interesting measurement work is what Oxfam has done. Which again is based on practical experience. If you can track down their measurement work in Niger it is really interesting. 
I think a good starting point for the measurement question is Christoph Bene at IDS's article. It's theoretical, but the idea of shock costs has a lot of scope for practical application. 
In this vein, attaching a presentation I did with Amadou Diop a little while ago that tries to take these ideas and apply them to a Sahelian context. Idea is to use indicators that show seasonal change as well as change over time (like if you are interested in resilience re education; think about and indicator on school enrolment for girls and boys over time coupled with an indicator that looks at class attendance on a seasonal basis (when there is a likely seasonal stress like drought).
Hope it helps!
Best,
David 
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The main reference for indicators are Susan Cutter and Penny Allan, but there are no references about benchmarking 
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Neighborhood patterns play an important role in alleviating flood risk. What is your opinion about that?
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Dear Abdulatheem, thanks for your question. Actually you should try to avoid building in risk areas, because even using building materials which are more resistant to floods, when they are very serious, no matter what sort of material you use, they might be damaged by a heavy flood. Therefore, the best way is to avoid risky areas, where floods occur frequently. In Brazil, according to our environmental legislation one can not build close to a river and the minimum distance to the river bank is 30 metres.
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I am working in the resilience buildings prototypes in Bogotá, Colombia. I am interesting in research about resilience engineering strategies. I appreciate some help about that topic.
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Dear Rolando:
The following documents provide an initial listing of available guidance for performance goals, criteria, and metrics for the built environment.
Buildings
• Building Owners and Managers Association (BOMA), 360 Program, http://www.boma.org/getinvolved/boma360/
• Department of Homeland Security (DHS), http://www.dhs.gov/xabout/2011-dhs-
accomplishments-ensuring-resilience-to-disasters.shtm
• National Institute of Building Science (NIBS), http://www.nibs.org/index.php/newsevents/BuildingResilience
• Applied Technology Council (ATC), ATC 58, Development of Next Generation Performance-Based Seismic Design Procedures for New and Existing Buildings, https://www.atcouncil.org/Projects/atc-58-project.html
• American Society of Civil Engineers, ASCE 41-06, Seismic Rehabilitation of
I hope I have helped.
Success for you!
Andréa
High Performance-Based Design for Buildings 
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Urban Agriculture (UA) can be implemented in various ways. For instance rooftop-based, land based, or in a closed controlled environment. Furthermore different cultivation methods are available (e.g. hydroponics, soilless- or soil-based agriculture). In addition, it can also be distinguished between community based concepts, private lots, or profit-orientated approaches, etc.
Aside from that UA can have a beneficial effect on urban infrastructures (storm water management, utilizing waste water and biomass, heat reduction, etc.).
My research focusses on the assessment of sustainable and resilient aspects of UA mainly from an ecological point of view. I would be grateful, if somebody could give me some recommendations how I can assess these values in order to provide a selection matrix as a tool for urban planners to incorporate UA in different urban structure types. Any recommendation is welcome ;)
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Hi. I think that within a decision matrix the decision variable should be energy gain with UA. This variable should be expressed as kW.hr-1 gained, Mega Joules, or kilocalories. The ratio between energy used by traditional agriculture per unit of area versus energy used by UA should be a good indicator of the goodness of the practice in urban areas. In this computations water plays a main role. Other way to view that is trying to answer the question: how many calories are invested for producing one calorie of some product? If the energy produced is higher than that invested then we may consider a good sustainable option.
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How can I measure and improve the urban or city resilience? As you know, urban resilience have many indexes, some indexes are shortcoming? And how I can explore the spatial differences in a country or a region which involve in any cities?
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Urban resilience is, as already mentioned here, a summarizing term for various sub-system resiliences (see attached source). Questions about your research framework come up:
- Which system (area, structure, region) do you want to measure?
- What are the boundaries of this system?
- What elements are at the boundaries and outside?
- Which scales are important for your measures?
- What happens in between the scales you choose?
- From which disciplinary perspective do you look at the system?
So basically: Resilience of what and to what?
Spatial differences (outside of hydrological, geomorphological and topographical issues) can be measured e.g. by the analysis of the morphogenesis of a city or an area, differences in the building codes. It depends on the scale, what you might look at. At small scales you rather look at different building typologies, at higher scales you might have to look at the governance of urban development to measure differences in the processes of "city-production".
It is not difficult to get lost in search for proper definitions of resilience and how to evaluate or measure it. I propose to decide precisely what you want to find out, then its easier to find a way through the resilient forest of research with this approach.
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I am conducting research on women's experience of fear of crime in public spaces. I will compare foreign literature to my findings, however, I cannot assume that there is an existing fear of crime, so I am stuck with how do I ask if there is a fear of crime without directly asking it. Thank you so much.
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I would ask about the issue of crime more generally first in your research setting. If you are using in-depth interviews then this should open the conversation up to more how they feel about crime in the area, et cetera. 
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There is a growing need for the evaluation, assessment, or even measurment of urban resilience. In contrast to the complexity of urban processes, the physical layout of cities (that is, patterns in this case) may, to a certain extent, be measured easier. Therefore a morphological approach to urban resilience may contribute to the development and improvement of resilience assessment tools. Did anyone find spatial indicators that may be directly related to resilience? Are there any morphological studies or tools that explicitly refer to resilience?
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Dear Claudiu ,
As indicators I emphasize the relationships:
- economic development vs. pollution;
- social housing vs. property speculation;
-demographic growth vs. health and education
Some studies in Brazil (in portuguese):
Urban and commercial resilience in central areas:
Resilience of urban systems:
Urban sustainability indicators for urban resilience:
Building resilient cities:
I hope it helps.
Best Regards,
Vanessa
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Does urban resilience mean an improved capacity for all to avoid, cope with and recover from shocks and adversities to which the community as a whole is exposed? Are there any conflicts between resilience of some groups and that of others? Does (personal) individualized make sense? If yes, are there any conflicts between personal and collective resilience?
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From the work I have done on Resilience I believe that Resilience is "the reaction to vulnerability". In this sense it is a dynamic property and I do not fully agree with Ivar's view that resilience might be identified as the positive characteristics of an entity making it capable to bounce back. For me the "bouncing back" process is Resilience and this process may lead to a new regime of balance very different from the starting regime before the appearance of the stress.
Resilience attitudes are actually performed by a wide variety of entities / agents in a city or region: Authorities and institutional organizations, individuals and households, social groups and business networks…. The focus of my question is what happens to the citizens if an urban community for instance is qualified with resilient authorities / institutions. Reversely, if the community is qualified with resilient citizens (versus risks and adversities) what can be the impact of this individualized resilience to the institutions and the urban community as a whole? Have you in mind examples of self-centered resilience that exacerbates vulnerability and exposure of others and/or collective vulnerability? Furthermore, have you come upon experiences of resilience triggering new hazards currently or in the future?
In the case of Athens’ social and economic crisis several cases of resilience have proved to transfer vulnerability to the future and other agents, also to produce new risks and exposure. Since the beginning of fiscal crisis in 2010 the Greek Government has displayed an outstanding capacity to avoid default (i.e. resilience); state adaptations however have translated into extra vulnerability for social groups, particularly the weakest. A crowd of households in Athens are increasingly exposed to the chronic risks of malnutrition, infectious diseases and epidemics, psychological depression and suicide, criminal assault, homelessness and forced migration. The reasons are related to wage and pension cuttings, elevation of direct and indirect taxation, shrinkage of social welfare public provisions and other policies aiming at fiscal rationalization and remediation. This has been indeed a resilient political option of the Government which opted dismantling the welfare system instead of other possible options such as chasing tax evasion or cutting the privileges of political and economic elite. It is obvious that this is about transformation of state’s vulnerability (to debt crisis) to human and social and its transference to every social group dependent on the state’s welfare system. The reverse transference through resilience has also proved to be true: resilient individuals and households turn to wood fuel for heating, resort to cheaper but unsafe housing accommodation and turn to cheap meals and food stuff of questionable safety. These practices have already or may lead in the future to new hazards and collective exposures: atmospheric pollution, technological accidents, urban fires, communicable diseases, illegal wood-cutting and deforestation.
Above cases indicate that individualized may come in conflict with collective Resilience. How this contradiction might be handled through policy? This has been the essence of my question.