Science topic
United Nations - Science topic
United Nations are an international organization whose members include most of the sovereign nations of the world with headquarters in New York City. The primary objectives of the organization are to maintain peace and security and to achieve international cooperation in solving international economic, social, cultural, or humanitarian problems.
Questions related to United Nations
Hello everybody,
Analysis of the main products of the sulfolane process, benzene and toluene, shows the presence of sulfur in toluene (not in benzene). We assume that the reason for this may be quality of the pyro-gasoline (residual sulfur) or the escaping of sulfolane with the products. But why only in toluene?
Best regards,
Tihomir Kovacevic
I think yes, what do you think?
Please share your own ideas.
Since 2016 we have come to see that liberal democracies under majority rule can lead to normal democratic outcomes/normal democratic movements; and extreme democratic outcomes/extreme exism movements like Brexit, Usexit/Trumpism, Brazilexit, Italianexit….and so on. We have come to see also that exism movements cannot be in power forever under majority rule and the independent rule of law based liberal democracies. As the world view of a normal liberal democracy is the inverse of the world view of the extreme liberal democracy, this leads to the question: Inverse reality and exism movements: How are they linked?
Any ideas? Please share your own views.
Green markets are markets where the environmental cost of pollution is positive and endogenous. Environmentally clean markets are markets where the environmentally cost of pollution is zero and endogenous. Which raises the question, would economic expansions towards environmentally clean markets have taken place had Adam Smith given us the theory of the perfect green market in 1776?
I think Yes, what do you think? Why?
This discussion is to solicit viewpoints, research ideas, empirical literature, policy documents, stakeholder perspectives, etc on the "Role and contributions of the Civil Society Organisations (CSOs) across countries in achieving the UN SDGs". It is also intended to understand 'how the CSOs cooperate with the national and local governments of the respective countries in addressing the critical issues of social and environmental protection and thereby contribute to the economic growth'.
Whether on the upper layers of the Ozone to the waters of the planet - what is the result of unaccounted for exposure to fluoride? From the cell membranes outward?
I research about resilience from individual, orgnizational and macro level dimensions and I am curious to see how we can draw the resilience understanding to the SDG goals individually or collectively
This is subject of my thesis"human rights and right to development according to responsibility of world bank and IMF",I m lookig for teachers or supervisors and advices that in this field help me ,thank you for your attentions.
From 1987 WCED report to 2022 COP27 emission have gone up despite the sustainable development push, the Kyoto protocol, the original millennium development goals, the Paris Agreement, the new development goals, all COP processes…..
The only thing missing all those years are green markets to transition from the dirty economy to the clean economy, which could have been set up as a result of 2012 Rio + 20 conferences(UNCSD), but they were not set up…as the world decided to go the environmental pollution management way….
And this raises the question; Can we transition from the environmentally dirty economy to the environmentally clean economy without green markets?
I think No, what do you think? Why do you think so?
Short answers are the best to exchange ideas.
I have two questions, 1)how we can discribe role of world bank and IMF in developing third countries? 2)what is relation between responsibolity of world bank and IMF and right to devopment?
We have a problem in preparing the standard NACE test solution “A” for sulfide stress cracking (SSC) testing. I am trying to saturate a solution containing 5 wt.% NaCl and 0.5 wt.% CH3COOH with H2S by bubbling a nitrogen gas containing 95 ppm H2S. The obtained pH was 2.7 compared to 2.6-2.8 in the NACE standard. The NACE standard recommends continued bubbling during the experiment, but we do bubbling for about 1 hour per day. The system is kept close after the bubbling and nothing can escape. We have a problem in getting SSC in the test specimens, although we have applied a tensile force very close to the braking force.
Do we have to use pure H2S gas instead of 95 ppm H2S?
Do we have to make the bubbling continue during the experiment?
I have two questions 1)How you discribe role of world bank and IMF in developing third world countries? 2)what is relation between right to development and responsibility of world bank and IMF
Since 1987 WCED "Our common future" A NO BRAINER was to find the way to close the renewable energy technology gap in order to slowly, but surely transition from the environmentally dirty economy to the environmentally clean economy so as to face the environment issues like global warming/climate change head on,..........
But this need was not the focus to my knowledge of the 1997 Kyoto protocol or the 2012 UNCSD conference or the 2015 Paris agreement or sustainable development goals, old and current or the recent COP27 or talking points of the UNFCCC. Like the word "transition" is toxic.
And this raises the question, Who benefits from blocking the transition from the environmentally dirty economy to the environmentally clean economy?
What do you think?
Please share your own views
Imaging Adam Smith stating the theory of the perfect green market in 1776 instead of the theory of the perfect traditional market. This has current development implications in terms of current social, environmental and population issues. And this leads to the question: What are the main current negative implications of Adam Smith’s legacy? Why it turned out this way?
What do you think?
Please share your own ideas.
It can be said the perfect green market thinking is the one that comes from correcting the knowledge base of the perfect traditional market so as to be able to correct environmentally distorted traditional market prices to transform them in green market prices.
This is the perfect market thinking behind the ideas of green economy and green growth and green markets that were supposed to be advanced since 2012 RIO +20(UNCSD) to address environmental issues head on, but the world went the way of dwarf green markets instead.
Hence, instead of going to a perfect market(Green market) to address the environmental concerns distorting the traditional market pricing mechanism, we moved to an imperfect market(Dwarf green market) to deal with environmental issues since 2012.
In other words, instead of going the way of environmental pollution reduction markets we went the way of environmental pollution management markets.
And this raises the question, What is a dwarf green market ?
Any ideas?
Feel free to share your own views on the answer
Think about the issue non-renewable sources of energy vrs renewable energy or dirty economy vrs clean economy, the decision to go green markets or to avoid going green markets affects positively or negatively in the short and long term the dynamics producers vrs consumers.
Hence, each decision has consequences, which raises the question: Who are the winners and losers so far from 2012 green market paradigm shift avoidance?
What do you think?
Please share your own views
For testing the design safety of hydrogen tanks, standards like ISO 15869, EC79, JARI 2002, KHK S0128, etc. are usually preferred. However, for transportation of these tanks TPED, DOT, TC/UN, KGS, JIS, etc. certification needs to be obtained. Can anyone explain that what are the tests which the tank will need to pass for TPED certification?
Dear researchers, A question.
What is the role of the United Nations and its specialized organizations in protecting the environment in war zones, especially since most of the factories and projects that are established in such an environment are outside all regulatory specifications that take into account environmental conditions?????. Shouldn't the United Nations be more efficient and effective, especially with the increase in climate disasters???.
Dear researchers, A question.
What is the role of the United Nations and its specialized organizations in protecting the environment in war zones, especially since most of the factories and projects that are established in such an environment are outside all regulatory specifications that take into account environmental conditions?????. Shouldn't the United Nations be more efficient and effective, especially with the increase in climate disasters???.
Hi frds,
almost all problems we face are international/global, intertwined, and complex (climate change, financial markets, economic systems, geopolitics, global trade, food systems, global wealth creation, pandemics, refugees, etc.), where effects are intergenerational and full of moral hazard.
Would love to learn what percentage share of a population thinks globally and holistic in the following regions:
-USA
-Continental Europe
-UK
-Japan
-Singapore
-Scandinavia
If possible a breakdown of the generations would be fantastic. Especially Gen Z.
Appreciate research.
The Kyoto protocol failed, was it because it was not binding across the board? or because it had too many loopholes? or because the USA did not sign it or because it attempted a patch to a pollution emission problem instead of a fix?
What do you think?
Please express your own views so as to exchange ideas
According to articles 43 to 45 of the Charter of the United Nations, all "members of the UN" are to contribute their military forces to the UNSC to maintain International Peace and Security, while the NATO is not a member of the UN. Also in accordance with articles 1 and 2 of the North Atlantic Treaty 1949, the NATO is a defensive military force, not an aggressive one. Nevertheless, the Security Council of the UN authorized the NATO to interfere in the Libyan Civil War as an act of Humanitarian Intervention.
So can S/RES/1973 be assessed as a resolution against the UN Charter and the NATO's act as an Ultra Vires action?
" """ What are the key issues under discussion?
Since 2015, under the legally-binding Paris Agreement treaty, almost all countries in the world have committed to:
- Keep the rise in global average temperature to ‘well below’ 2°C, and ideally 1.5°C, above pre-industrial levels.
- Strengthen the ability to adapt to climate change and build resilience.
- Align finance flows with ‘a pathway towards low greenhouse gas emissions and climate-resilient development’.
The Paris Agreement has a ‘bottom-up’ approach where individual countries decide what action they will take.
" """
And this means that something very important to the climate change issue/environmental sustainability is missing since 2015 Paris agreement; and actually missing since 2012 Rio +20 decision of green market paradigm shift avoidance, and something which it is still missing in COP27.
Which raises the question, what is the COP process NOT about, including COP27?
Any ideas of something very important missing that the IPCC seems to leave out all the time when calling for action?
What do you think?
Will the energy crisis accelerate the pro-climate energy transition and affect the declarations made by countries on this issue at the UN Climate Summit COP27?
Rising fossil fuel and energy prices have become a key factor in the 2022 energy crisis. The energy crisis is particularly serious and burdensome for the public in countries where the level of dependence on foreign supplies of fossil fuels is high, the level of national energy independence is low, diversification of energy sources, including the development of low-cost, renewable and emission-free energy sources is low. This issue has been fostered by years of past ignorance of the climate crisis, which is also being realized, in the context of national energy and environmental policies. Therefore, the current energy crisis can become an important factor motivating decision-makers to take into account pro-climate, pro-environmental issues, green energy transition, sustainable development, increase the scale of diversification of energy sources, independence of the national energy industry, development of low-cost, renewable and zero-carbon energy sources in the context of the conducted national energy policy to increase the scale of energy security. On 6.11.2022 the UN Climate Summit COP27 in Egypt began. At such Climate Summits, individual countries make their pledges to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, planned for implementation by a certain date of green, pro-climate, pro-environmental transformation of the energy sector. Through the development of renewable and emission-free energy sources and their replacement of dirty energy based on burning fossils, it is possible to simultaneously reduce greenhouse gas emissions, contribute to slowing down the progressive process of global warming, reduce the potential negative effects and the scale of future climate catastrophe, and increase the level of diversification of energy sources, reduce the cost of heat and electricity production, increase the level of national independence of the energy sector, increase the level of energy security and thus reduce the scale of the negative impact of the energy crisis. The current energy crisis is probably not the last and the climate crisis will develop for many more years. The question of carrying out a green energy transition is a particularly urgent and important issue in the context of saving the climate, biosphere and biodiversity of natural ecosystems for future generations.
In view of the above, I address the following question to the esteemed community of researchers and scientists:
Will the energy crisis accelerate the pro-climate energy transition and affect the pledges made by individual countries on this issue at the UN Climate Summit COP27?
What is your opinion on this topic?
Please answer,
I invite everyone to join the discussion,
Thank you very much,
Best wishes,
Dariusz Prokopowicz
There are 3 possible perfect market ways to correct distorted traditional market pricing mechanisms, and therefore, there are 3 possible ways of perfect paradigm shift avoidance, which leads to three different types of dwarf markets. The most well-known type of perfect market paradigm shift avoidance is that of the 2012 green market paradigm shift avoidance that led to today’s dwarf green markets as instead of going green markets as expected the world went dwarf green market.
And this leads to the question; Does perfect market paradigm shift avoidance creates sustainability black holes?
I think yes, what do you think?
Please share your own views on the question.
In a world of environmentally dirty markets, how we treat the pollution problem determines the nature of each market and its structure, which raises the question: Can you see the similarities and differences between Pollution production markets, Pollution reduction markets, and Pollution management markets?
Think about it, what do you think?
Is the short-term higher mortality of SARS-CoV-1 in comparison to SARS-CoV-2 mainly due to bigger immune escape properties?
SARS-CoV-1: What are the immune escape and ACE2 Binding numbers?
In a world with two components, the economy and the environment such as the world of environmentally dirty markets, the nature of each components in any model determines the nature of that market, which raises the question: How can the market structure of Pollution production markets, Pollution reduction markets, and Pollution management markets be represented analytically?
Think about it, what do you think?
Tax cuts to the rich is the prefer idea on how to promote and expand economic growth in supply side economics despite knowing it does not work as expected. Yet, this policy is usually the first choice in supply side run democracies like in the USA or now the UK when supply side promoters are in power.
Any policy that worsens inequality should be expected in practice to negatively affect economic growth as under extreme inequality or worsening inequality the traditional trickle down should be expected to be mute or not to work as intended. And this raises the question, tax cuts to the rich and the embudo effect, is that why the trickled down effect does not work as intended?
What do you think?
I think Yes, what do you think?
Below are some articles with some food for thoughts shared recently in order to understand the nature, structure and expected working of exism movements
Sustainability thoughts 133: Stating the expected step by step road from majority rule based liberal democracies to permanent authoritarianism: The case of the 2016-2020 rise and fall of Trumpism
Moral and Amoral Liberal Democracies: How Targeted Chaos Can Affect the Democratic Process?
The 2016 shift from normal liberal democracy to extreme liberal democracy in the USA: Pointing out the structure of Trumpconomics, its meaning, and its expected local and global implications, both analytically and graphically
Sustainability thoughts 131: How can the shift from normal liberal democracies to extreme liberal democracies be used to extract the democratic structure that leads to the rise of temporary and permanent authoritarianism from within?
Sustainability thoughts 131: How can the shift from normal liberal democracies to extreme liberal democracies be used to extract the democratic structure that leads to the rise of temporary and permanent authoritarianism from within?
The choices usually in conflict are, should we fix the root cause of the problem or should we just manage the problem?
The case of the pandemic shows that there were those who opposed the solution of the problem with Covid 19 vaccines to attack the root cause (the virus) of the problem to minimize severity of infection or chances of hospitalization or changes of death; and those who just wanted the Covid 19 to be managed in such a way as to facilitate the reaching of natural immunity regardless of death levels or severity of consequences of just managing the Covid 19 problem.
In the case of the Covid 19 problem most countries if not all, chose to attack the root cause problem with the vaccine.
In the case of the environmental pollution problem, the international and local community is focused since 2012 on managing the pollution generation problem instead of fixing the root cause of the pollution generation problem(distorted market prices).
In the case of the pollution generation problem most countries if not all, chose to avoid fixing the root cause pollution generation problem with green markets in 2012 as the environmental cost internalization as vaccine, and went instead with the way of managing the pollution generation problem with environmental pollution management based markets.
And this raises the question, is the goal of dwarf green markets like climate change markets to reach a level of natural environmental immunity locally and globally through pollution management? While leaving the root cause of the pollution generation problem unfixed?
What do you think? Yes, then why? No, then why not?
Dear Lucio Muñoz,
I will also answer your question by referring to the economic crisis indirectly caused by the SARS-CoV-2 (Covid-19) coronavirus pandemic in 2020. When the World Health Organization announced the state of a global epidemic at the beginning of March 2020, i.e. of the pandemic, the reaction of the financial markets was too nervous, too deep, too exaggerated. The behavior of stock exchange investors and the speculation of large financial institutions worked. Some governments fearing that there would be a shortage of beds in hospitals for seriously ill people with Covid-19 introduced lockdowns, which caused serious economic problems in many industries and sectors of the economy. In order for these decisions not to cause protests from the public, the government granted non-returnable subsidies to business entities on the basis of printed money in the public finance system cooperating with the central bank. These actions started an increase in inflation in 2021. Now, when we ask whether lockdowns have been applied to selected sectors of the economy in the context of rapidly developed vaccines and the scale of the severely ill with Covid-19 population and deaths from Covid-19 and comorbidities, different answers are coming up. The difference between the so-called the health crisis caused by the pandemic announced by the WHO and the climate crisis is that the pandemic appeared suddenly and was something new, and the climate crisis is being realized as a long-term, multi-year process. An interesting point is that so far WHO has not lifted the pandemic state, despite the fact that in many countries the pandemic has already been replaced with a state of increased virological risk, the anti-pandemic restriction has been lifted, the number of people seriously ill with Covid-19 has significantly decreased and the government has already recognized other problems as more important, which should be solved systematically and with the use of funds from the public finance system of the state. Such problems are currently double-digit and still growing inflation, and raised interest rates. by central banks and the economy entering a recession, energy crisis, food crisis, climate crisis. However, now referring to your question, I state that what you define as dwarf green markets, i.e. incomplete application of sustainability, pro-environmentalism, pro-climate in economic policy, is a kind of prosthesis of actions that should be implemented as part of a full pro-environmental and pro-climate transformation of the economy and are not realistically implemented. The reason is resistance in the spheres of business and politics, the lobby of large mining, mining and energy companies, as well as refineries operating in the sector or for the benefit of the dirty combustion energy sector. These sectors are key factors in slowing down the green transformation. Therefore, instead of fully carrying out the pro-environmental and pro-climate transformation of the classic growth, brown, linear surplus economy into a sustainable, green, zero-emission, zero-growth economy and a circular economy, prostheses of these processes are created, i.e. what you refer to as dwarf green markets. Thus, a short-sighted approach still prevails instead of long-term and strategic planning. Ad hoc measures are still being taken instead of introducing profound changes in the area of pro-environmental and pro-climate transformation of the economy. The problem is still being swept under the rug instead of solving the problem in a multi-faceted manner and reaching the source of the problem. Contrary to the situation from the 1st wave of the pandemic (spring 2020), we know what to do in terms of the pro-environmental and pro-climate transformation of the economy, but we still do not fully do it, assuming that it will be done somehow. On the other hand, there is little time for a full pro-environmental and pro-climate transformation of the economy, thanks to which it would be possible to significantly slow down the global warming process, which has been progressing since the first industrial revolution and accelerating in recent years, and to significantly reduce the scale of the potential negative effects of the climate catastrophe, which may already appear in the current XXI century. In this way, instead of carrying out a complete, thorough (with reaching the source of the problem and taking into account a long-term strategy) pro-environmental and pro-climate transformation of the economy, prostheses of this process are created and dwarf green markets are created as you have described it. For example, companies and enterprises add to their missions and development strategies the issues of achieving the goals of sustainable development, pro-environmental and pro-climate responsibility of business, although they do not really do much in this matter. They present their new green missions in advertising campaigns with their new product and service offers, because they see that the level of pro-environmental awareness of citizens, i.e. their potential customers, is growing. On the other hand, penalties for introducing toxic waste into the natural environment, for CO2 emissions to the atmosphere, for poisoning the natural environment and increasing the incidence of various diseases occurring in humans and animals, etc., are not always allocated to solving these problems, to increasing the scale activities implemented under the environmental and pro-climate policy. Probably many people still do not realize that it is not much time left.
Best regards,
Dariusz Prokopowicz
As a consequence of the 2012 green market paradigm shift avoidance all countries are left on their own to address the environmental crisis without a common green market framework to promote, expand, and nurture economic activity systematically.
All countries are following different versions of dwarf green markets and different definitions of green, some of them that are inconsistent with green market thinking, but politically viable....But politically viable, does not make it right as when you burn the gas you get CO2.....
For example, the EU came out with the definition of "green gas" to solve a political problem, in an environmentally unfriendly manner.. Now the US came out with the definition of "polluting gas" as CO2 from burning it is air pollution to address a political problem, but in an environmentally friendly way…. and this raises the question, .Who is wrong: The EU / Green gas or the USA / Polluting gas?.
What do you think?
Any ideas? What do you think?
he work of the United Nations and its affiliated organizations in Syria is concentrated in the fields of education and training (workshops, training courses, dialogue sessions and discussions, lectures), and support for economic projects, which include disbursing millions of dollars in the field of training, workshops, seminars, and seminars. But have the United Nations and its affiliated organizations studied the economic feasibility and the real sustainable benefit of disbursing these huge sums? I am not saying that spending these sums is completely useless, but are their benefits equal to the desired and planned benefits, especially in the catastrophic situation in Syria. How is the overall benefit of a workshop, training course, seminar or panel discussion for a group of young people if they are 10, 20 or even 100 people. In addition to the huge amounts spent on economic feasibility studies for projects such as economic, technical, marketing and training studies....etc.
Although the primary goal of all United Nations programs and affiliated organizations are lofty goals, which are to achieve social and economic development that achieves stability and sustainable prosperity. However, I see that the mechanism of disbursing these funds is not commensurate with the returns and benefits that are achieved on the ground of the Syrian reality in the medium and long term.
I think that the best solution is to focus the United Nations and its affiliated organizations on small investment projects that are characterized by direct support and in very small amounts that can achieve very large benefits in a practical, wide-reaching and sustainable way.
I think Yes, what do you think?
Please provide your own views on the question.
I think Yes, what do you think?
Please provide your own views on the question
Hi frds,
which are the most important local Asian civil, independent, unbiased, secular peacekeeping organizations in Asia?
Looking for Rosa Luxemburg in Asia.
Cherish your input.
Green markets are supposed to be driven by pollution reduction based profit making so in the long run produce at the lowest green market price possible while at the same time transitioning to a clean economy, a non-pollution, full or dominant renewable energy based economy .
But instead of green markets, we have dwarf green markets, cleared by dwarf green market prices delinked from green market pricing and delinked from clean market transition, a situation that resembles a black hole as dwarf green markets are not green markets and they are not traditional markets.
The above discussion raises the question: Does the 2012 green market paradigm shift avoidance means that we are living today in an environmental black hole under management? I think yes, what do you think?
Those who read the 1987 Brundtland Commission Report know that it was about sustainable development solutions to the social and environmental sustainability issues embedded in the traditional market model due to the assumption of social and environmental externality neutrality that had led to social problems(poverty, over population) and environmental problems(Pollution, environmental degradation) that the commission highlighted as the reason for the need to go, not half way from business as usual, but away from business as usual, and they gave us the definition of sustainable development, not of sustainability…..
But look at the UN related page below and its content:
“ Sustainability
Sustainable development requires an integrated approach that takes into consideration environmental concerns along with economic development.
In 1987, the United Nations Brundtland Commission defined sustainability as “meeting the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs.” Today, there are almost 140 developing countries in the world seeking ways of meeting their development needs, but with the increasing threat of climate change, concrete efforts must be made to ensure development today does not negatively affect future generations.
The Sustainable Development Goals form the framework for improving the lives of populations around the world and mitigating the hazardous man-made effects of climate change. SDG 13: Climate Action, calls for integrating measures to prevent climate change within development frameworks. SDG 14: Life Below Water, and SDG 15: Life on Land, also call for more sustainable practices in using the earth’s natural resources. “
See we know, a) sustainability(optimization based) is not sustainable development (maximization based); b) The commission gave us a definition of sustainable development and not of sustainability as they saw the social and environmental issues created by the traditional market in terms of sustainable development thinking; c) that is why we have sustainable development goals, NOT sustainability goals.
We know the sustainability model is different than the sustainable development model and according to the model inconsistency principle sustainability and sustainable development can not be equated or defined one as the other or the other as the one.
But the UN defines sustainability as sustainable development there, a scientific inconsistency as it violates the theory-practice consistency principle.
Which raises the question, Do defining sustainability as sustainable development requires alternative academic facts? If yes, Why?
I think YES, what do you think?
Feel free to provide your own view when answering the question.
The crises the WCED 1987 found were social and environmental in nature. The environmental crisis came from the fact that we were living under full or almost full non-renewable energy based economies that produce free pollution, and we needed to move away from them towards a world of clean economies, where economic activity is run through full or almost full renewable energy sources.
A move beneficial to both, the economy and the environment, if green markets are set up in between the pollution based economy and the clean economy and use them as a smooth transition mechanism. However, since 2012 the world went the way of dwarf green markets a la environmental externality management.
Which raises the questions, Does the decision to go green market paradigm shift avoidance since 2012 blocked the smooth transition path from the pollution based economy to the clean economy available in 2012? If yes, why?
I think YES, what do you think?
Please share your own views if you have, not third party views.
Is the prescription of escaping the viscous cycle in underdeveloped countries due to low incomes advancing to low-equilibrium trap in the economy still worth considering in the 21st century of Africa? The principle of supply law creating its own demand by classical economist Jean-Baptiste Say’s still worth the experiment in the African economies?
Hi there,
searching for an open source free of charge source for the disruptive global basic food supply on basics like rice, potatos, wheat etc. worldwide in real-time with forward outlook, given the weather conditions.
This should be publicly openly available and is not really covered by nationally organized press clusters worldwide, and global coverage companies charge fees. Can you recommend a real-time, forward-looking, comprehensive, conclusive, unbiased, and independent source? Cherish your feedback.
When you look at discussions about human population, whether from the overpopulation point of view in particular or population dynamics view in general, they lead to policy actions and recommendations that appear to be independent of the traditional market structure structure(price, consumption, and production) that supports them, but the nature of markets seems to shape the nature of the population and population dynamics they encourage.
And this raises the relevant question once and for all:
Is the nature of human population dynamics dependent or independent of the nature of the traditional market structure dynamics that serves them?
I think that the nature of the population and its dynamics is dependent of the nature of the markets that serves them as they shape their nature, what do you think?
Are they independent? Yes or No, and why do you think so?
Are they dependent? Yes or No, and why do you think so?
What do you think?
Dear Lucio,
I too believe that what you have described as the nature of human population dynamics is dependent on the nature of the dynamics of the traditional market structure that serves them. Well, in the short term (months and quarters) it is citizens who adjust their functioning to seasonal changes in the level of production, income, purchases made etc. In the medium term (several to sometimes a dozen years), changes in the rate of economic growth that take place as part of business cycles translate into changes in citizens' income and consumption levels, and this then influences citizens' decisions to start a family and have children. On the other hand, in the longer term (from several years to several decades), the long-term economic processes, the changing sectoral and industry structure of the economy, the significantly changing level of economic development, production, income, etc., translate into significant changes in the living standards of citizens and the prevailing purchasing, housing and living standards. Subsequently, these significant changes in the economic processes taking place, in economic development, including the public products and services offered by the state (education, health care, public utilities, social assistance) and consequently also in the living standards of citizens largely determine the fertility rate, housing standards, the product and service structure of purchases made, the length of the average life expectancy of citizens, possibly also the process of population ageing and other changes in the social structure. Consequently, there are correlations between economic development and structural changes realised in the medium and long term in markets and economic sectors and changes in citizens' living standards, changes in consumption standards, living conditions, economic decisions made, fertility levels, citizens' life expectancy, social processes, etc.
Regards,
Dariusz
I am close to submitting a paper for publication in an Economics Journal. My paper is based on my empirical cross-country analysis with a sample of 126 countries. This analysis includes around 20 variables averaged over the 10-year sample period. These variables come from multiple databases such as the World Bank's World Development Indicators and the IMF's International Financial Statistics. To create the dataset used in my analysis I simply downloaded each respective database into excel, removed the countries that are not in my sample, averaged each variable for the sample period, and then copy and pasted these variables into a column in my dataset. Is this an appropriate way to source and format data for academic research?
I'm looking to permeabilize the inner and outer membrane of Pseudomonas aeruginosa without lysing the cells in order to allow a hydrophobic molecule to enter the cytoplasm. The cells do not need to stay viable during the procedure, only intact and without denaturing or allowing cytoplasmic proteins to escape. So far i can only find procedures that permeabilize the outer membrane. Any known protocols out there? Thank you in advance!
Under green market thinking there is no room for the concept of green pollution, but in the world of green market distortions like the world of dwarf green markets such a concept is possible as you can come up with alternative academic facts or alternative academic definitions or alternative academic principles.
As current event in the European Union shows that is the new wave that the business usual model is apparently going through by defining its way out without a golden end goal like clean markets…. https://www.reuters.com/business/sustainable-business/eu-parliament-vote-green-gas-nuclear-rules-2022-07-06/
And this raises the question, Does the distortions created by the 2012 green market paradigm shift avoidance move allows room for advancing the concept of GREEN POLLUTION? I think yes, what do you think?
If you would like to provide your own views on the question, then please. If your answer is Yes, please explain why you think so. If your answer is No, please explain why you think so.
Dear Lucio,
Unfortunately, the realities of environmental policy do not coincide 100 per cent with the need to urgently carry out a pro-environmental transformation of the classic brown growth, linear economy of excess to a sustainable, green, zero-carbon zero-growth and closed loop economy. We know that this is urgent and necessary in order to save as much of the biodiversity of the planet's natural ecosystems as possible and to reduce the scale of the climate catastrophe that, due to the progressive process of global warming, may occur very soon, as at the end of the current 21st century or even slightly earlier. This is what the latest IPCC reports indicate. The political reality of environmental policy is unfortunately determined by various factors, mainly economic, financial, political, including the issue of energy security, international trade in fossil fuels, charges for atmospheric CO2 emissions, lobbying by large energy companies, and so on. In the European Union, too, environmental policy is determined by many factors, i.e. determinants not only of the issue of protecting the climate, biosphere and biodiversity of the planet in terms of the next few decades, but also many issues of current politics and economics. On 6.7.2022, a vote was held in the European Parliament on the question of whether gas- and nuclear-based energy can be included among renewable energy sources. The European Parliament resolved, i.e. passed a resolution, that yes. However, it was clear before the vote that the distribution of votes for and against would be very even. Few votes could prevail for one side or the other. This has happened more than once in politics. However, nowadays, due to the war in Ukraine and the need to accelerate the process of pro-environmental transformation of the economy, including the pro-environmental transformation of the energy sector, the development of renewable and emission-free energy sources, the importance of environmental policy in the issue of energy development is growing. However, on the other hand, it is not possible to build many large-scale solar, wind, hydrogen, hydro, fusion-based, geothermal and possibly nuclear power plants in one year to replace all fossil-fired electricity and heat generation plants. Therefore, it was felt that a transition period of several years was necessary, during which power plants generating energy on the basis of low-carbon energy sources, i.e. natural gas and nuclear power, could be built and developed. Consequently, this kind of low-carbon energy is formally classified as so-called renewable energy sources. Of course, we know that renewable energy sources defined in this way are not emission-free energy sources. Therefore, the transitional period that is being introduced in connection with the potential occurrence of an energy crisis in the coming months and years should be followed by energy generation exclusively from renewable and emission-free energy sources. How serious a problem this is is shown by many current examples from the current situation of the energy sector. For example, in the country where I am operating now (8.7.2022), there has been media coverage of failures in 2 power plants. As a result, prices for energy generated from fossil combustion quickly went up on the energy exchanges. In contrast, the prices of energy generated from emission-free sources such as wind and solar power are currently at their lowest. Unfortunately, the government in my country has not taken these issues into account for 7 years, the fossil-burning power industry has been subsidised from the state finance system, the development of renewable energy has been deliberately slowed down and today still 3/4 of energy is produced from fossil burning. As a result, electricity in Poland is one of the most expensive for citizens, air quality one of the worst in Europe and, in addition, the risk of an energy crisis continues to grow. The EU's environmental and energy policy is being pursued in such a way as to reconcile various strategic objectives, such as, on the one hand, the need for an urgent pro-environmental transformation of the energy sector in order to save the climate, biosphere and biodiversity of the planet and, on the other, the issue of energy security. Unfortunately, in my country, environmental and energy policy is not being conducted strategically, i.e. with long-term, multi-annual planning, but with current political considerations. Short-term planning therefore dominates according to colloquial sayings: "somehow it will be done" and "let's hope for the next elections" (parliamentary elections, which in my country are already to be held in the autumn of 2023). In addition, the emerging symptoms of the projected slowdown in economic growth, and possibly also the recession and stagflation that may occur in 2023, may constitute significant barriers to the smooth and rapid implementation of the pro-environmental transformation of the economy, including the pro-environmental transformation of the energy sector. A particularly significant crisis factor is steadily rising and already double-digit inflation. In many countries, the prices of many products and services are rising from month to month. Citizens with the lowest incomes are most negatively affected by price increases. For example, price increases for tourism services in Poland in 2022 relative to 2021 averaged 17 per cent and were among the highest in Europe. Only Bulgaria had a higher increase. The smallest increases were in Malta, Italy and Spain. In Poland, the highest increases in tourism services were at the Baltic Sea and in the mountains, while the lowest were in Masuria. In addition, food prices have been rising rapidly for a year. Fossil fuel prices have also been rising rapidly since the start of the war in Ukraine. The prices of real estate have stopped rising due to a decrease in the number of people willing to buy a flat or house, which is linked to a decrease in the creditworthiness of the majority of citizens in 2022, which is a result of commercial banks raising their lending rates. In recent months, the prices of production factors have also been rising rapidly. In June in Poland, consumer inflation stood at 15.6 per cent and, calculated as full, cumulative inflation, was one of the highest in Europe. By contrast, producer inflation, which determines the average level of growth in the prices of production factors, was almost 10 per cent higher than consumer inflation. This means continued strong inflationary pressure for the coming months. On the other hand, production growth is slowing down in Q2 FY2022, the PMI is declining rapidly, and there are increasing signs of a slowdown in economic growth forecast for the next quarters and for 2023. There is a growing risk of recession and stagflation in many countries in 2023. The aforementioned economic problems stemming from previous socioeconomic policy mistakes made since the SARS-CoV-2 (Covid-19) coronavirus pandemic will be important factors slowing down the smooth and rapid implementation of the pro-environmental transformation of the economy, including the pro-environmental transformation of the energy sector, in the coming quarters and years.
Best regards,
Dariusz
Hi there,
searching some sort of UNHCR with scenario analysis. Cherish your feedback.
Any advice/help to escape from reverse flow message in fluent flow using ANSYS?
The goal of shifting from pollution based markets to clean markets is affected by going green markets and by going dwarf green markets in opposing ways.
The working of green markets moves away from pollution based markets and it tends towards clean markets while the working of dwarf green markets stays far away from clean markets and very close to pollution based markets.
Which raises the question, What are the clean market consequences of green market paradigm shift avoidance?
What do you think?
Please try to answer the question first, and then make any comments you think are appropriate.
And I will reply.
Dear Lucio,
Answering your question, I say that in my opinion the scale of avoiding the green market paradigm by companies and enterprises is still very large in the country where I operate. Many commercially operating companies and enterprises, if they are not forced by legal norms or if their clients still have a low level of pro-environmental transformation, still ignore the paradigms of the green market, they ignore the principles of ecological social responsibility, the principles of business ethics, green economy, sustainable development goals. On the other hand, some companies, corporations, banks and other financial institutions promote themselves in advertising spots as green and meeting specific goals of sustainable development. This is not always true. Usually, the scale of the transformation of business from classic to green is small and in advertising campaigns certain economic entities present themselves as fully green and implement on a large scale the goals of sustainable development. However, a more serious problem is that this type of misleading customers, citizens, this type of unreliable advertising campaigns and brand promotion campaigns as well as product and / or service offers are also used by government-controlled state-owned companies and some public institutions. The negative effect of such situations is misleading customers and citizens who, when buying products and / or services of a specific company, bank, enterprise, etc., assume that they are buying a green offer from an entity that pursues sustainable development goals and runs a green business, which often does not. is truthful. In addition, companies and enterprises use non-returnable financial subsidies for the implementation of pro-environmental economic ventures, for the creation and implementation of new eco-innovations, new green technologies, etc. However, there is no system of precise determination of what is green innovation and new green technology and what is not. Often, these subsidies are granted to companies and enterprises that fictitiously implement green economic ventures or the scale of pro-environmental business is negligible. On the other hand, there is a lack of financial resources for carrying out a systemic pro-environmental transformation of the economy, for the construction of new power plants generating electricity and / or heat from renewable and emission-free energy sources, for the development of electromobility, for the development of sustainable ecological agriculture, for afforestation of civilization degraded areas, for technology improvement. recycling and creating biodegradable substitutes for plastics, etc.
Best regards,
Dariusz
Few months after the first wave of COVID seeped the world, we start to hear repeatedly a whole discourse about healthy buildings and cities. UN Habitat, conferences, scholars, workshops and meeting are held all over the world to discuss the overwhelmingly spreaded term. Should we start first by defining what do we mean by health and investigate its holistic nature. Then, we can deal with how architecture, urbanism and planning will address this holistic nature. Sometimes, I am so reluctant to use only adjectives as we have not that promising precedents like sustainable, smart, green, etc.
Sustainable development is a hot topic for researchers, but I think that the achievement of all goals isn't possible.
Sustainability plays a vital role in the Under-developing countries, as they are still struggling for the fulfilment of the basic issues, rather than to think about Sustainable development. How it’s possible for under developing countries to adopt Sustainability
The millennium development Goals of United Nations. For more details, see: https://sustainabledevelopment.un.org/?menu=1300
#SustainableDevelopmentGoals, #UrbanPlanning #UrbanStudies #SustainableDevelopment #Cities #City #MasterPlan #LandUsePolicy #LandUsePlanning
This is for research about important issues to repatriation of refugees. Literature (or UNHCR documents) connecting forced migration/repatriation to political/civic engagement would be appreciated. Also, any literature or documents about definitions for political engagement or civic engagement are also needed.
Think about it, science is supposed to be an open environment, one where if ideas are shown to be lacking or inappropriate or wrong, they are either improved or discarded. A system where if assumptions about reality turned out to be wrong, it will shift to catch up with the actual, now new reality leaving the previous reality/previous knowledge behind. That would be consistent with the thinking of Popper and Kuhn.
That was the expectation after the 1987 Brundtland commission said business as usual model has not worked as the assumptions on which it has been based were wrong, and that was the expectation after 2012 RIO + 20 when the UNCSD commission said to go green market, green growth and green economy was the shift to go….to internalize the wrong environmental externality assumption found in the business as usual model...
If that science expectation does not happen and invalid ideas and/or previous paradigm ideas are used to address the new reality, which by now everyone knows or should know is a reality not consistent with those previous ideas, is that still science or is this now an ideology?.
Which raises the question, at what point science, in general or economics in particular, becomes an ideology?
What do you think? Please express your view through answering this question.
Dear Researchers,
Our research group at Gangadhar Meher University, Odisha, India is working on the impact of Air pollution on urban sustainability. In this regard we are conducting a survey on how air pollution affects the health of urban dwellers and and poses threat towards achieving the various United Nation Sustainable Development Goals -2030 (UN SDG).
We sincerely seeks the feedback/suggestions/comments on the above-mentioned topic from the esteemed scientific/researchers/ academic communities. Thus, you are humbly requested to kindly spare 5 minutes of your valuable time to fill this Questionnaire in attached Goggle form.
This online information will be kept confidential and will be used only for my academic purpose.
Thanking you all in advance.
#research #university #sustainabledevelopment #sustainability #health #unsdgs #climateaction #climatechange #environmentalhealth
#environmentalengineering #environmentalscience #environmentaljustice #atmosphericscience #geology #earthscience #geography #airqualitymonitoring #academicresearch #smartcity
Here is link of google form 👉
Hello;
What do you think of the World Bank's worldwide governance indicators as indicators for measuring governance in sub-Saharan Africa?
please share with me any relevant article in this regard
We found that SiNx film deposited on Si or InP substrate by ICPCVD produces some bubbles after annealing at 540℃ in N2. According to the recipe adjust, the bubbles had reduced but still distributed sporadically. Some researchers thought these bubbles were originated from gas escaping (such as H2 or N2) from the inner films after high-temperature annealing. However, nobody said how to solve this question. Therefore, is there anyone who can tell me how to solve bubbles of SiNx after rapid temperature annealing?
HCN is an antimicrobial compound which inhibits the soil-borne pathogen and is produced by Fluroscent pseudomonas. In this case, how plant cyt. oxid. escape from this inhibition, whether any mechanisms are there?
Many scholars have written about the strengths and weaknesses of the 17 SDGs. What is your opinion?
Some literature clarify that they used quarterly data from the source of world-bank is that available? or they transform the annual data? how this transformation done?
I am investigating the decolonisation process in in Sub-Saharan Africa. My focus is on the effectiveness on the Decolonisation Charter and the underpinning UN principles , that guide the process of decolonisation.
UN agencies, governments, international organizations like FAO and World Bank, academic institutions and so on appear to be talking about green economies and green growth yet they are not implementing green markets as the environmental cost of production is not yet internalized. They are promoting non-green market approaches like carbon pricing or cap and trade, can green economy and green growth exist outside green markets? I think "No", what do you think?
I want to use an Account ownership at a financial institution or with a mobile-money-service provider (% of population ages 15+) as a proxy for financial inclusion , but i face a issue that world bank just have 2011, 2013, 2015, 2017 data only. Does some use face similar issue?
Transperitoneal laparoscopic pyelolithotomy was done for a young patient with a big (4*3.5cm) renal pelvic stone. The stone was escaped into the peritoneal cavity and was not found. Post-op X-ray shows a big radiopaque structure (retained stone) n