Traffic - Science topic

The 5th edition of the Report on Greek #Ports provides an analysis of the Greek port system. In particular, it analyses, cargo throughput and passenger/cruise traffic evolution, trends in investments, and other critical financial indicators, per port and in aggregate. It also contains details of the institutional evolution and the most recent refor...

The World Wide Web's connectivity is greatly attributed to the HTTP protocol, with HTTP messages offering informative header fields that appeal to disciplines like web security and privacy, especially concerning web tracking. Despite existing research employing HTTP request messages to identify web trackers, HTTP response headers are often overlook...

Backdoor attacks embed hidden associations between triggers and targets in deep neural networks (DNNs), causing them to predict the target when a trigger is present while maintaining normal behavior otherwise. Physical backdoor attacks, which use physical objects as triggers, are feasible but lack remote control, temporal stealthiness, flexibility,...

Accurate analysis of the age of information (AoI) is crucial for timeliness-critical systems that often rely on carrier sense multiple access (CSMA) networks. Existing models that minimize the tagged node's AoI in CSMA networks, where nodes contend for channel access, perform well with near-saturated background traffic but struggle in heterogeneous...

In recent years, various methods have been developed to enhance the characteristics of asphalt pavement in order to face the continuous challenges of increasing traffic loads and changing climate conditions. One of the most popular and successful methods is modifying the asphalt mixtures or asphalt binder with the addition of polymers. Therefore, t...

In Japan more than half of all traffic accidents occur at or near intersections and many at small intersections where only minor roads cross. A database of all intersections in the built-up area of Kyoto, Japan was created using Open Street Map data, including spatial characteristics such as the presence and types of surrounding facilities. This da...

Visual inspections of large networks of bridges yield millions of data points scattered across thousands of structural elements. Alongside visual inspections, structural attributes such as age, location and traffic load provide contextual information about the deterioration patterns in the network. Leveraging this network-scale data for modeling de...

This study investigates safety performance of permeable friction courses (PFCs) in terms of hydroplaning. An analytical model was derived to calculate water depth on PFC under static rainfalls. A tire-water-pavement interaction model was used to predict hydroplaning speeds. The results show that water film depth increases from innermost to outermos...

The increasing population of objects in geostationary orbit has raised concerns about the potential risks posed by debris clouds resulting from fragmentation. The short-term evolution and associated hazards of debris generated by collisions in the geostationary region is investigated in this study. The initial distribution of two debris clouds is m...

In this paper, the structural behaviour of a long semi-integral HSRB, i.e., Unstrut Viaduct, under different traffic loads was studied by both SHM and static calculation using numerical simulation. The demanding requirements of semi-integral HSRB for both flexibility and rigidity were assessed by measuring the deformation of the superstructure and...

There is a plethora of technology currently available that have the ability to notify individuals of traffic enforcement locations while they are driving. This technology has the potential to undermine legal deterrent efforts for preventing risky driving behaviours. However, drivers' experiences using this technology and the trajectories through wh...

Macroscopic link-based flow models are efficient for simulating flow propagation in urban road networks. Existing link-based flow models described traffic states of a link with two state variables of link inflow and outflow and assumed homogeneous traffic states within a whole link. Consequently, the turn-level queue length change within the link c...

The assessment of the exposure to road traffic noise pollution and of associated health conditions is usually based on energy-average noise levels. However, the number of noise events to which an individual is exposed has proven essential to the prediction of annoyance and sleep disturbance. Unfortunately, no standard method has been adopted for th...

In soundscape research, it is crucial to understand how contextual factors are associated with people’s perception of acoustic environments. This study proposes a Textual Data-driven Context Analysis and Mapping Method (TD-CAMM), aiming at comprehensively exploring the intricate relationship between soundscape and contextual factors. Through a case...

Humanitarian workers most of the time undergo psychological torture as they are always under pressure. Intrusive thoughts is another phenomena associated with such experiences and is defined as recurrent and unwanted cognitive intrusions that cause cognitive traffic jams. The present research therefore examines the effects of Intrusive thoughts in...

This manuscript proposes one possible solution for intrusion detection (IDS) based on stochastic modeling of the threshold value, which is defined as a random variable (RV) obtained using the so-called General Split-BREAK (GSB) stochastic process. Applying such a model to previously recorded traffic values and using this type of stochastic modeling...

This paper explores the optimization of firewall parameters for attack detection using machine learning techniques, focusing on improving network security in dynamic environments. Traditional firewall systems often face limitations in detecting malicious traffic due to static rule sets and high false positive rates, particularly in real-world scena...

This paper addresses the main aspects of implementing U-Space in Europe according to its regulatory framework. We analyse the reasons for the delay in its roadmap and the challenges to resolve. In turn, we discuss the importance of addressing data interconnectivity and information exchange and aspects related to cybersecurity and resilience in the...

The development of a road traffic model has numerous benefits, including the reduction of congestion in cities and precise estimated travel times. This study proposes a travel time prediction model based on a deep neural multilayer perceptron trained on GPS data collected in the city of Bechar, Algeria. GPS data was collected using an Android appli...

In the domain of cybersecurity, defending against social engineering attacks re-mains a critical challenge. This abstract explores effective strategies and real-worldexamples of using Wireshark—a powerful network protocol analyzer—to mitigatethe risks posed by social engineering tactics. Social engineering attacks exploithuman psychology rather tha...

Cognitive navigation, crucial in architectural and urban planning, involves the mental processes individuals use for navigation within spatial environments. This study investigates the relationship between a path network design and cognitive navigation experiences surrounding closed-access university campuses, focusing on design optimization’s impa...

Roads are land transportation infrastructure that includes all parts including complementary buildings for traffic purposes, located on the surface or underground and above water surface, except railways, lorry roads, and cable roads. Jalan Pemuda Ngabang is a district road with 1.3 kilometers long and 6-meter wide traffic lanes. The Indonesian Roa...

Mediante etnografia junto aos motoqueiros praticantes de grau e corta giro, manobras em motos que são proibidas pelo Código de Trânsito brasileiro, investigo a produção sonora desses agentes, que são em grande parte motoboys. Os ruídos das motos no Rolê ZN e do grupo Os 22 de Guaratiba não são meros subprodutos do funcionamento mecânico, mas criado...

Inattentional blindness (IB) is the failure to notice visible but unexpected stimuli during attention-demanding tasks. It remains unknown how children's IB manifests in real-world situations, such as crossing roads, requiring both perceptual resources (e.g., monitoring traffic) and physical effort (e.g., carrying schoolbags). This study investigate...

As cities transition into interconnected hubs of technology, the need for efficient time management across diverse interconnected devices becomes a requirement for supporting critical services for emergency, traffic, and other use cases. Time-sensitive network (TSN) emerges as a promising solution, offering standards and mechanisms to synchronize a...

This study investigates parental concerns about the safety of children en route to school in the Western Cape, South Africa, through a survey conducted across nineteen school locations in high- and low-pedestrian crash areas. The density of crash locations closely correlated with low- and higher-income areas. The research reveals a high level of co...

Highways are a connection between an area or region to another destination. The rapid construction of highways in big cities is not comparable to the improvement and rearrangement of damaged roads in several areas. Most of the damaged roads are caused by heavy vehicle traffic or heavy loads with quite frequent intensity, as well as natural disaster...

This study explores the cobenefits of reducednitrogen dioxide (NO2), ozone (O3), and particulate matter(PM), through net zero (NZ) climate policy in the UK. Twoalternative NZ scenarios, the balanced net zero (BNZP) andwidespread innovation (WI) pathways, from the UK ClimateChange Committee’s Sixth Carbon Budget, were examined using achemical transp...

As per the Ministry of Road Transport and Highways reports, unsignalized intersections in India, are a major accident risk and frequently contribute to road accidents. Analyzing crash-based safety in India is challenging due to reasons such as limited access to crash reports, inconsistent reporting, and small sample sizes. The present study evaluat...

In a global context where reducing the carbon footprint has become an urgent necessity, this article presents a hybrid CNN-LSTM prediction model to estimate CO2 emission rates of Paris road traffic using spatio-temporal data. Our hybrid prediction model relies on a real-time road traffic database that we built by fusing several APIs and datasets. I...

Understanding the cultural and environmental influences on roadway crash patterns is essential for designing effective prevention strategies. This study applies advanced AI techniques, including Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers (BERT) and Shapley Additive Explanations (SHAP), to examine traffic crash patterns in the United St...

With the continuous increase in highway traffic volume, abnormal events occur frequently, seriously affecting traffic fluidity and safety. This study aims to develop an efficient abnormal event detection method. Based on simulation data generated by the VISSIM software, the K-means clustering algorithm is applied, with speed, density, and occupancy...

Traffic light is an important tool to manage urban traffic. In recent years, the influence of traffic light on road traffic flow has attracted extensive attention of scholars. At present, most of the traffic light time is pre-set, the so-called static, or non-dynamic timing. No matter the traffic peak or trough, the time and interval of the traffic...

Weigh-in-motion systems can measure the number of axles to obtain a vehicle’s type and upper limit of weight, which, combined with the weight measured by the system, can be used for highway toll collection and overload management. This paper proposes a new modular system based on multi-sensor fusion and neural network axle recognition to address is...

Traffic cones, as indispensable safety facilities for road maintenance, play a crucial role in directing traffic flow and ensuring construction safety. This study addresses the challenge of adaptive robust formation tracking control for uncertain traffic cone robots (TCRs). Based on the Udwadia–Kalaba method, the kinematic constraints of the TCRs a...

The paper examines factors influencing the development and spatial distribution of rural tourism in Croatia according to the EU classifications of municipalities as urban, rural and proper rural areas. The tourist traffic figures for selected years were computed and the association of socioeconomic variables and tourism development index (dependent...

Discretely monitoring traffic systems and tracking payloads on vehicle targets can be challenging when traversal occurs off main roads where overhead traffic cameras are not present. This work proposes a portable roadside vehicle detection system as part of a solution for tracking traffic along any path. Training semantic segmentation networks to a...

In its draft proposal for the Road Transport Act, the Croatian government referred to European Union Directive 2022/738, which concerns the use of hired vehicles for goods transport, rather than the pertinent European Union regulations on automated and autonomous vehicles, specifically Regulation 2019/2144 and Implementing Regulation 2022/1426. Thi...

Traffic accidents at urban intersections may lead to severe traffic congestion, necessitating effective detection and timely intervention. To achieve real-time traffic accident monitoring at intersections more effectively, this paper proposes an urban road intersection accident detection method based on Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs), Extre...

Urban multilane roundabouts and signalized intersections are two major roadway devices used for controlling and managing traffic flow. This paper presents a comparative analysis of the saturation flow rate between urban multilane roundabouts and multilane signalized intersections using field data from the Dammam Metropolitan Area (DMA) in Saudi Ara...

Network signal coordination control is a crucial means to improve the traffic operation efficiency of the overall roadway network. Accurate identification of critical paths does play an important role in determining the scope of network coordination control. Therefore, this paper proposed the definition of critical path from the perspective of traf...

The rapid proliferation of Internet of Things (IoT) devices has transformed our daily lives, introducing innovations like smart homes, wearables, and advanced industrial automation. While these interconnected systems offer convenience and efficiency, they also present significant security challenges. The increasing complexity and scale of IoT netwo...

Public transport is an integral part of sustainable urban development when its use is promoted by setting bus priority routes (BPRs). BPRs provide clear mobility benefits, but they raise pedestrian safety concerns. In this study, observations were conducted at signalized intersections with two types of BPRs, center-lane and curbside, aiming to char...

The Vehicular Ad-hoc Networks includes high-density vehicles, communication access points, data collection and traffic load management. The nodes of these networks are relatively fast, thus accurate data transfer is a major challenge over time. As a result, routing in such networks can be taken as serious issue. To overcome this, an Optimal Geograp...

Railway trains are an efficient mode of transportation for passengers and goods in large quantities. The planning of railway lines, however, needs to take the complex terrain into account. For areas with land parcels separated by wide and deep water bodies, the railway connection is even more challenging. Submerged floating tunnels (SFTs), on the o...

Every year a significant number of people die on the roads. This value is decreasing from year to year, but it is still high. To this end, all measures should be taken to reduce this value. The purpose of the article is to forecast the number of road accidents in Poland depending on weather conditions. For this purpose, annual data on the number of...

Transportation problems such as congestion, air pollution, accidents, queues, and delays can be encountered with low or large quantity levels. This problem is often encountered in several cities in Indonesia, including in Sukabumi. The growth in the volume of road traffic, especially in Sukabumi City, continues to increase rapidly due to the growth...

One of the main stages in the training of an air traffic controller: practical work. The trainee must apply all theoretical knowledge concerning the separation rules decreed by ICAO to resolve a traffic situation presenting a certain number of conflicts generated by a group of aircraft (A/C). At the end of his performance, the solution proposed by...

As urban areas keep growing, there are higher requirements for the carrying capacity of traffic operations, and there are more and more curve incremental launching projects with complex construction conditions. This paper builds upon the walking incremental launching project of a small-curvature steel box girder in Xuchang City and has developed a...

The article describes the application of dynamic tests during normal operation in assessing the technical condition of the railway bridge on the Nysa Łużycka River. The investigated structure consists of six steel pony truss spans. Operational modal analysis was used to identify dynamic parameters. The results obtained were applied to verify the nu...

We tackle the problem of localizing the traffic surveillance cameras in cooperative perception. To overcome the lack of large-scale real-world intersection datasets, we introduce Carla Intersection, a new simulated dataset with 75 urban and rural intersections in Carla. Moreover, we introduce a novel neural network, TrafficLoc, localizing traffic c...

Robotics and automation is one of crucial trend in smart manufacturing to improve production efficiency. Automated guided vehicles (AGVs) are a type of mobile robot used for material handling and have become widely utilized to achieve transportation automation. The usage of multiple AGVs introduces potential risks, such as traffic conflicts and saf...

Predicting urban traffic volume presents significant challenges due to complex temporal dependencies and fluctuations driven by environmental and situational factors. This study addresses these challenges by evaluating the effectiveness of three deep learning architectures— Recurrent Neural Network (RNN), Gated Recurrent Unit (GRU), and Convolution...

Every maneuver of a vehicle redistributes risks between road users. While human drivers do this intuitively, autonomous vehicles allow and require deliberative algorithmic risk management. But how should traffic risks be distributed among road users? In a global experimental study in eight countries with different cultural backgrounds and almost 11...

Traditional Vision-and-Language Navigation (VLN) tasks require an agent to navigate static environments using natural language instructions. However, real-world road conditions such as vehicle movements, traffic signal fluctuations, pedestrian activity, and weather variations are dynamic and continually changing. These factors significantly impact...

As the demand for air transport continues to increase, air traffic congestion in the terminal area is becoming more and more serious. In order to assist the controller in efficiently handling the symmetrical activities of aircraft take-off or landing and alleviate traffic congestion, this paper proposes a method for identifying traffic congestion s...

Urban road traffic congestion has become a serious issue for cold chain logistics in terms of delivery time, distribution cost, product freshness, and even organization revenue and reputation. This study focuses on the cold chain distribution path by considering road traffic congestion with transportation, real-time vehicle delivery speeds, and mul...

The advancements in urban commuting have enabled ease of travel for commuters. However, in the underdeveloped world, commuting has become a challenge for the mental health of commuters. A commuter who travels through public transport or their vehicle can develop depression and anxiety due to traffic congestion and unwanted delays. Symptoms of depre...

Accurate traffic flow prediction plays a vital role in intelligent transportation systems, helping traffic management departments maintain stable traffic order, reduce traffic congestion, and improve road safety. Existing prediction methods focus on dynamic modeling of the spatiotemporal dependencies of traffic flow, capturing the periodicity and s...

The rapid evolution of traffic monitoring demands innovative solutions capable of handling the complexity and scale of modern urban environments. Unlike traditional systems dependent on fixed roadside cameras, our approach leverages aerial platforms' flexibility and expansive coverage to offer a more dynamic and scalable solution. The framework beg...

Autonomous vehicles (AVs) are poised to revolutionize transportation by offering safer, more efficient, and flexible mobility solutions. However, one of the key challenges in deploying AVs in real-world environments is enabling adaptive control strategies that can handle dynamic, unpredictable conditions such as traffic, weather, and road anomalies...

Cross-national differences in drivers’ eye contact and traffic violations: An online survey across 20 countries

Rapid urbanization and vehicular traffic growth have significantly strained traditional traffic management systems, exacerbating issues such as congestion, safety hazards, and environmental degradation. This paper presents a novel deep learning-based framework designed to address these challenges by enhancing vehicle detection, tracking, and classi...

Cooperation classes have been defined by SAE International to differentiate the communication capabilities between vehicles and infrastructure. To advance understanding of the impact of cooperation classes on autonomous cooperative driving and optimize traffic operations, this article proposes an edge‐computing‐based operations framework for cooper...

In the Philippines, road traffic crashes claim 12,690 lives annually, with children being a significant victim group. The Policy Center, formed by fellows of the WHO-Bloomberg Initiative for Global Road Safety, focused on child road safety by engaging local leaders, communities, and politicians in San Pedro and Muntinlupa during the COVID-19 pandem...

Since 1999, every report released by the International Panel on Climate Change has advocated a decrease in the greenhouse gas emissions associated with aviation in order to preserve the current climate. This study used a two variable differential equations model with a non-linear control term to address several aspects of the emissions stabilizatio...

Accurate urban flow prediction plays a crucial role in transportation management, as it enables optimized resource allocation and improved traffic efficiency. Although current methods have made advances, they still encounter challenges such as high computational overhead and the risk of overfitting complex models. To tackle these issues, we introdu...

This paper explores the legal regulation of autonomous vehicles in China. The article first introduces the current state of development of autonomous vehicles in China, categorizing it into three phases: the initial technological phase, the rapid development phase, and the commercial application phase. It is noted that China has already reached Lev...

Noise pollution is on the rise worldwide. An unresolved issue regarding the mitigation of noise pollution is whether and at which timescales animals may adapt to noise pollution. Here, we tested whether continuous highway noise exposure perinatally and during juvenile development increased noise tolerance in a songbird, the zebra finch (Taeniopygia...