Trade - Science topic

The X International Symposium on New Ornamental Crops will be held under the auspices of the International Society for Horticultural Science (ISHS), Division Ornamental Plants and Working Group New Ornamentals, at Kalamata, Greece, from 13 to 16 October 2025 The symposium aims to bring scientists, breeders and experts, working on new ornamental cr...

El objetivo de este artículo es analizar cómo las prácticas cotidianas de regulación del comercio de calle no solo operan bajo criterios de discrecionalidad, sino que configuran espacios temporalizados del comercio. A partir de un análisis de observación, entrevistas y registros urbanos, se examina el caso de la principal centralidad metropolitana...

The economies of the Asia Pacific (APEC) region are among the most dynamic in the world with the highest levels of trade activity and environmental degradation. One way to study trends in the relationship between the economy and pollution is the Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC). This perspective assumes that, in the long run, higher wealth levels...

Introduction: International trade is the main direction of development of international economic cooperation and formation of the world economic space. Given the relevance of the study, the purpose of the research is to identify current trends in the development of international economic relations and develop ways to improve the efficiency of inter...

Container transportation, facilitated by the development of standardized containers, has revolutionized global trade by increasing efficiency, reducing costs, and enhancing the competitive power of countries. The Liner Shipping Connectivity Index (LSCI) plays a crucial role in measuring the supply side of container transportation, influencing strat...

Given the high capital requirements of the maritime transportation sector, errors in decision-making can lead to significant financial consequences. As a result, accurate future projections are crucial for minimizing risk. This study aims to provide decision support mechanisms for industry stakeholders and policymakers by forecasting the outlook fo...

BioAct ® HS (Chinese trade name: 速又康 ®) rapid decomposition agent developed by JH Biotech, Inc. which is a kind of organic material specially used in closed high-temperature stirring equipment to process poultry and livestock manure, straw and kitchen waste. Ripening agent, for use in closed high-temperature treatment equipment, the finished produc...

The use and trade of non-wood forest products (NWFPs) may simultaneously bring about positive outcomes for conservation and rural development. This assumption underlies national strategies on NWFPs and Forest Landscape Restoration (FLR) in Sao Tome and Príncipe. However, there is a lack of understanding of how native tree products such as Adansonia...

One of the main difficulties encountered by Moroccan small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) is limited access to financing, particularly due to insufficient guarantees, low financial transparency and a lack of knowledge of available financial products. In this context, the purpose of this article is to analyze the impact of the determinants of t...

In recent years, the process of globalization has accelerated, particularly after the introduction of the Belt and Road Initiative, leading an increasing number of Chinese enterprises to invest in Brazil, and strengthening the trade and economic relations between China and Brazil. In their operations, to reduce costs and enhance market competitiven...

There is still a lack of knowledge on growth and yield (G&Y) in continuous cover forestry (CCF). Most published studies are on the selection system with Norway spruce. Published comparisons of the selection system with rotation forestry (RF) show contrasting results. Generally, there seems to be a trend toward faster stand growth in RF. However, th...

This article examines the development of China’s sanctions legislation in an era of strategic competition. Beijing’s new sanctions regime is informed by its experience as a sanctionee, with much of the new legislation almost directly mirrored on sanctions enacted against China by the West. The article seeks to account for Beijing’s interest in purs...

Energy trading in industrial parks has great potential for reducing carbon emissions and lowering energy bills. This article proposes a safe multi-agent deep reinforcement learning algorithm for optimizing the energy trading strategy in industrial parks to achieve less reliance on the main grid and save energy costs. Specifically, an industrial par...

Ethiopia has persistently pursued exchange rate devaluations to address its trade deficit and the structure of the economy, a strategy supported by the United Nations and economists. However, the effectiveness of this policy shift has sparked prolonged debate among scholars, exacerbated by divergent findings regarding the effect of exchange rates o...

This paper contributes to the nascent research on Internet memes examined as items of (de)legitimising discourse, its empirical focus being memes addressing NFTs (non-fungible tokens). The mystifying NFT trade became hype in 2021, attracting massive media coverage and stimulating heated discussion across social media, which includes memetic content...

The increasing electoral successes of ultranationalist parties in Western Europe have generated an immense number of terms to describe them with radical right, extreme right and populism being the most common denominations. In view of this scenario, the objective of this paper is to carry out a systematic analysis of the ideology of these parties i...

In this paper, we evaluate the impact of Wuhan COVID-19 (Coronavirus Disease 2019) on four strategic sectors of the Chinese economy: tourism, air transportation, international trade, and electricity consumption. To achieve this, we develop and apply a novel model-the Economic Crisis from Massive Contagious Infectious Diseases Simulator (ECMCID-Simu...

Floriculture is an essential component of modern lifestyle and offers an endless number of opportunities. The floriculture sector has undergone a shift, becoming a significant opportunity and high market value commercial enterprise. This study looks at current floriculture developments in India and abroad in terms of area, production, and trade. It...

Multilayer networks provide a powerful framework for modeling complex systems that capture different types of interactions between the same set of entities across multiple layers. Core-periphery detection involves partitioning the nodes of a network into core nodes, which are highly connected across the network, and peripheral nodes, which are dens...

The main focus of this study is the crucial role of an effective government in managing financial development and its impact on international trade. This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of government intervention in moderating the effect of financial development on international trade in the ASEAN-5 region. Annual panel data covering the pe...

Trade in Ceylon Cinnamon in the Sixteenth Century

Regional trade agreements (RTAs) significantly reduce tariff and non-tariff barriers, facilitate capital flow and improve financing conditions, which can help exporters ease financing constraints and promote export. This paper studies the impacts of RTAs signed by member countries of Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership Agreement (RCEP) on t...

Economic sanctions are put in place by nations or international organizations (e.g., United Nations, European Union) to limit their economic ties with another state in order to coerce them to change their policies (Kobayashi, 2018). These sanctions may be in the form of travel bans or trade restrictions among others. Typically, sanctions are in sup...

Lying at the interface between Network Science and Machine Learning, node embedding algorithms take a graph as input and encode its structure onto output vectors that represent nodes in an abstract geometric space, enabling various vector-based downstream tasks such as network modelling, data compression, link prediction, and community detection. T...

This study aims to examine the impact of trade facilitation measures on human development in lower-middle-income countries. For this purpose, we employ panel data analysis for the 2007-2019. We estimate the relationship using four models: feasible generalized least squares, incorrect generalized least squares, panel-corrected standard errors, and D...

Carbon emissions have negative effects on the climate regardless of the location they are generated, and several strategies were introduced to meet the Sustainable Development Goals, precisely, Goal 13 "Take urgent action to combat climate change and its impacts". Recently, to tackle the so-called carbon leakage, the European Union (EU) introduced...

To address the bifurcated challenges of the international landscape, Chinese multinational enterprises have diversified their international innovation activities by establishing overseas innovation ecosystems in regions with weaker institutional frameworks, such as those along the Belt and Road. However, existing research primarily focuses on ecosy...

Focusing on the dynamics of appointing a “suitable” Chinese principal, this article examines the multiple interests and loyalties that were implicated and manifested in a British mission school of prestige situated in the treaty port of Tianjin during a series of anti-imperialist and anti-Christian campaigns in the 1920s. The case study of the Tien...

Seaports are vulnerable to extreme sea level events. Beyond physical damage, any port inoperability affects trade flows in and out of the affected port and disrupts shipping routes connected to it, which then propagates throughout the port network. Here, we propose an approach to assessing tsunami risk to ports and the global port network. We lever...

This study examines the unprecedented global trade disruptions caused by the COVID-19 pandemic and their propagation through international supply chains. By analyzing monthly data for 75 countries across 1260 product categories, we find that declining trade disruptions are more concentrated than surge disruptions, indicating a broader impact of neg...

The current capital city, Jakarta, is occupied for thirty million people and being considered as over-populated city. A new capital city is hoped to be a sustainable smart city in Indononesia as a respond to socio-economic, political, and technical challenge that Indonesia face. Government had received 167 proposals from 16 countris to invest in th...

The Polish campaign "Fair Trade Friendly Universities" is part of the global Fair Trade Towns initiative. In Poland, the campaign is run by the Fair Trade Coalition Foundation, supported by Poland's flagship Fairtrade Polska, the Polish Fair Trade Association and the Kupuj Odpowiedzialnie Foundation. Any university (public or private), its facultie...

In recent years, the restructuring of global value chains (GVCs) has led to significant transformations in production activities and the associated carbon emissions in both developed countries (referred to as Northern countries) and developing countries (referred to as Southern countries). This study calculates and compares the value-added and carb...

Social media usage for education can never be overemphasized as its rewards are enormous. As one of the integrated social media for education, WhatsApp messenger is an instant message application that runs on smartphone and web-based devices that enables users to trade information via various media form (Sahu, 2019). Many people seem to be awared o...

This investigation seeks to identify the success factors of Latin-American Fair Tra-de projects through a systematic literature review with the Kitchenham and Charters method. Through a data extraction and its evaluation from selected literature, to the online libraries Scopus, Web of Science, Re-dalyc, Springer Link and Science Direct in the range...

The mechanisms associated with the transitions of strong El Niño (EN) events and their implications for the South American precipitation were investigated for the 1950–2023 period. Strong EN events exhibit cyclic or episodic characteristics in their transitions. Cyclic EN events are both preceded and followed by La Niña (LN) conditions, whereas epi...

Trade worldwide is being reshaped by two major megatrends: advanced digitalization of production and the transition towards environmentally sustainable goods. This chapter examines for the first time the perspective of twin transition export and import diversification within a multi-dimensional economic complexity approach (Nomaler & Verspagen, 202...

BRICS’ de-dollarization initiatives represent a seismic shift in global trade routes, which could eventually reduce the U.S. dollar’s central role in the global economy. Through local currency trade agreements, alternative financial institutions, and infrastructure investments like China’s Belt and Road Initiative, BRICS is laying the groundwork fo...

A model of Edgeworthian economies is studied, in which participants are randomly chosen at each period to exchange two goods to increase their utilities, as described by the Cobb–Douglas utility function. Participants can trade deviating from their bilateral equilibrium, provided that the market and the trade follow appropriate symmetry conditions....

The rapid expansion of digital trade is reshaping global economies, offering promising opportunities to mitigate carbon emissions. This study investigates the impact of digital trade on carbon emissions across 27 European Union countries from 2009 to 2023, presenting new insights into the environmental benefits of digital trade. The empirical findi...

The BRICS nations—Brazil, Russia, India, China, and South Africa—are accelerating their dedollarization agenda, aiming to reduce reliance on the U.S. dollar in international trade. This effort has sparked strong reactions, with former U.S. President Donald Trump expressing anger and threatening sanctions. The implications of BRICS' strategy are pro...

Nowadays, export has a main role in development and growth of every country. Iran is dependent on oil in its export and so, the country is dependent on the oil revenue. It is essential for the country to develop policies that decrease its dependence on exporting a single-product and increase its export of other products and boost its trade balance....

The paper presents findings derived from an extensive dataset encompassing a total of 76,435 instances, meticulously covering 621 disputes initi-ated by WTO members. The coverage spans from 1995 to 2023. The presented statistical data are cat-egorized into four distinct distributional units: The country unit, The agreement unit, the subject unit, a...

Cities are widely considered the lifeblood of a nations economy housing the bulk of industries, commercial and trade activities, and employment opportunities. Within this economic context, multinational corporations play an important role in this economic development of cities in particular, and subsequently the countries and regions they belong to...

The article studies the role of metaphor in modeling the enemy image in the US-China trade war discourse. Based on the metaphor power theory, speech impact of metaphors on cognitive, semantic and communicative levels is described. The cognitive level of metaphor power is manifested in the metaphors of different intensity, namely conventional and no...

This paper proposes a simple, stylized two-good, two-market dynamical cobweb model. Consumers and producers are located in two countries, where they can choose to consume either locally produced or imported goods. We introduce a heuristic rule for consumers, which considers a convex combination of purchasing the cheapest good and the expected intri...

In sub-Saharan African countries, the domestic energy landscape is primarily dominated by fuelwood. For example, in Togo, specifically its important city, Lome, past and current data underline the unprecedented predominance of biomass. More than half of the total domestic energy consumed for cooking in Lome is still drawn from wood. In this study,...

This article offers new evidence to aid the discussion on the economic consequences of easing or tightening sanctions, with Cuba serving as a case study. Even with the persistent sanction regime, a level of trade, remittances and visitors has been sustained between the United States and Cuba, notably since the 1990s, fluctuating with the political...

The article studies the problem if content analysis is applicable to research information warfare, considered at several levels of information impact. The instrumental level is actualized at the lexical level and can be studied through critical discourse analysis based on quantitative and qualitative content analysis. The results confirm the applic...

As the BRICS nations—Brazil, Russia, India, China, and South Africa—continue to push for dedollarization in global trade, they are not only challenging the U.S. dollar’s supremacy but are also questioning the very foundations of U.S. economic and geopolitical power. This article explores how BRICS’ efforts to establish alternative economic systems...

Rationnement des PME sur le marché du crédit bancaire tunisien : une étude micro-économétrique du déséquilibre Résumé Cette étude présente des résultats empiriques sur l'ampleur du rationnement des PME tunisiennes sur le marché du crédit bancaire. Nous estimons un modèle de déséquilibre sur la base d'un échantillon de données de panel de 1760 PME t...

The endowment effect is a phenomenon whereby ownership increases the perceived value of goods, thereby reducing the willingness to trade. This paper presents the results of a field experiment, designed to assess the robustness of this effect when decisions concern unique, non-tangible instruments of a very high utility. Participating students were...

This paper presents the results of the research conducted at the site of Fardowsa, a medieval town located in a strategic trade route in Central Somaliland. The excavations and surveys conducted at the site have confirmed the role of Fardowsa as a trading center between the 14th and 16th centuries, and have revealed the existence of privileged hous...

Cross-border power cooperation is considered a pathway for optimal regional use of renewable resources and the reduction of carbon emissions. To enhance such cooperation, it is essential to understand the game behaviors of the involved parties. This study applied evolutionary game theory (EGT) and system dynamics (SD) methods to analyze the factors...

We construct currency portfolios based on the premise that exchange rates gradually converge toward their equilibrium levels, yielding three key findings. First, this convergence can be leveraged to build profitable portfolios. Second, the slow rate of convergence over shorter horizons aligns with the sustained profitability of carry trade strategi...

Міжнародна торгівля передбачає складні транзакції та велику кількість документації для забезпечення точності, відповідності та прозорості при здійснення відповідних операцій. Належне документування та методи бухгалтерського обліку є вирішальними для ефективного управління цими операціями. Саме тому в представленій статті розглянуті основні особливо...

The sustainability of public debt and effective public debt management are of great importance for both developing and developed countries. From this point of view, public debts bring opportunities and risks for countries. Public debt is directly affected by various economic factors in the economy. However, empirical studies show that factors such...

The main objective of the study was to assess the contributions of coffee marketing cooperative societies towards members' livelihood improvement in Yirgachefe District. Descriptive and survey research methods were deployed. Primary data was collected from the members of sample coffee marketing cooperatives through structured questionnaire. A sampl...

Background Future emergencies from climate degradation or diseases are likely, prompting ongoing investment in emergency readiness and learning from country responses. South Africa’s healthcare system, divided into public and private sectors, required a coordinated, intersectoral response to the COVID-19 pandemic. A coordinated action that the Sout...

This work constitutes a part of the research carried out for the preparation of the master's thesis, which aims at a theoretical debate on the practices of Fair and Solidarity Trade (CJS), developed in the incubation of the Responsible Consumption Group (GCR) called Armazém de Economia Popular Solidária - Armazém de EPS. This economy, which is inte...

At present, the foreign exchange rate is still an important factor affecting international trade transactions. Since 1990, when the yen first broke through the 150 yen mark, the yen has been depreciating continuously. At the end of April 2024, the yen fell to 158 yen to a dollar. According to research, the Fed's interest rate hike policy has impact...

This study discusses bureaucratic reform in improving public services at the Department of Industry, Trade, Cooperatives, and Small and Medium Enterprises (DISPERINDAGKOP UKM) of Paser Regency, East Kalimantan. This research uses a qualitative approach with a case study method, aiming to understand the role of bureaucratic reform in creating more e...

This study examines the role of bulk cargo ports in improving supply chain efficiency within the Bohai Rim port cluster in China, addressing a gap in the research that has primarily focused on container ports. By analyzing 13 ports in the cluster through the shiftrate model and network analysis, this research aims to understand their adaptation to...

This study examines the potential for enhancing financial reporting quality through frequent board meetings, focusing on the critical role of board dynamics in corporate governance. The research assesses whether increased board meeting frequency strengthens oversight functions, reduces information asymmetry, and fosters compliance with financial re...

Cavity quantum electrodynamics offers the possibility of observing and controlling the motion of a few or individual atoms, enabling the realization of various quantum technological tasks such as quantum enhanced metrology or quantum simulation of strongly correlated matter. A core limitation of these experiments lies in the mode structure of the c...

Using the digital service trade data of RCEP member countries from 2006 to 2021, this study analyzes the structural characteristics and network centrality of the overall and segmented industry trade networks, applying social network analysis based on social network theory. The results show that the overall and segmented industry trade networks of R...

Dani Rodrik’s 2007 article ‘How to Save Globalisation from its Cheerleaders’ is a critique of the pursuit of the new conventional wisdom on perfect globalisation with blind adherence to opening markets. Rodrik also criticises globalisation defenders, arguing that their unwillingness to acknowledge the paradoxical effects of globalisation enhances p...

Ensuring the sustainability of seafood is increasingly important for supporting food security and stable livelihoods in the face of a growing human population. A country’s seafood sustainability is often defined by how it manages its fisheries stocks; however, growth in the volume and complexity of global seafood trade has created an increasing dis...

Gemstones traded in markets globally can have extremely high values due to their physical appearance and, in some cases, their scarcity. Gemological laboratories provide identification services to determine gemstone species, growth origin, provenance, and the history of color- or clarity-enhancing treatments, all characteristics that can significan...

This article will discuss Islamic boarding schools which were initially as centers for Islamic studies and then innovated as social economic centers by developing entrepreneurship in Islamic boarding schools and then analyzing them from the perspective of sharia maqashid. This research is a qualitative research, with the type of field research (fie...

FinTech companies have made the financial industry more efficient and have increased financial inclusion. However, it has also brought new risks to the financial system. Regulators, investors, and researchers are concerned that their financial difficulties could affect the financial system. Our study aims to delve deeper into the effectiveness of m...

Financial statements are one of the primary references for evaluating a company's performance. These reports generally need to be prepared quickly because they are crucial for companies, especially those that are publicly traded. The Indonesia Stock Exchange requires publicly traded companies to provide accurate and timely data and information. The...

The inclusiveness and “fragmentation” of digital trade have created new possibilities for enterprises that used to face disadvantages in traditional trade, which may reshape the income pattern of enterprises. The increase in digital trade exports positively affects the equalization of inter-firm and intra-industry wages, which exacerbates inter-ind...

This work addresses the calculation of local form factors involved in the theoretical predictions of semileptonic B -meson decays at low q 2 . We present a new approach to the method of QCD light-cone sum rule with B -meson light-cone distribution amplitudes. In our strategy, we bypass the semiglobal quark-hadron duality (QHD) approximation which u...

This paper provides an introduction to this Special Issue on sustainability from different approaches. In a global situation of uncertainty due to wars, political conflicts, elections, social inequalities, and climate emergency, sustainability emerges as a potential solution. However, the pursuit of social, economic, and environmental sustainabilit...