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in lens of economic progress?
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Thank you Sir @ Bireswar Pradhan
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I wanted to compare both these approaches in context of sustainable tourism development for Himalayan tourism.
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Strategic implementation of destination demand management presents a superior and astute approach towards achieving sustainable tourism development in the Himalayan region. Unlike the conventional carrying capacity based tourists management, destination demand management recognizes the intricate interplay between visitor demands, conservation imperatives, and local communities. By prioritizing a comprehensive understanding of visitor preferences, market trends, and sustainable tourism practices, this progressive approach ensures a harmonious balance between economic growth, ecological resilience, and cultural preservation. Accordingly, tailoring tourism offerings to fluctuating demand patterns not only optimizes resource allocation, but also bolsters visitor satisfaction while safeguarding fragile Himalayan ecosystems. Therefore, when fostering the sustainable development of Himalayan tourism, destination demand management emerges as an efficacious and indispensable tool for promoting holistic growth, nurturing environmental stewardship, and honoring local aspirations.
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  • Is sustainable tourism development a process whose purpose is marketing?
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In principle, sustainable tourism development is not just about marketing. It focuses on balancing environmental, social and economic aspects to ensure long-term benefits for destinations and generations. It is primarily about making a positive impact while preserving natural and cultural resources.
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What are new trends that directly impact to the tourism development ?
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First of all, we must Take in account the sustainability coastal low. In second time, we have to fixe à charge capacity of tourists fréquency. The coast must be managed according to the respect of the envairnement.
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Will the current energy crisis accelerate the pro-environmental transformation of tourism and increase the scale of development of green, sustainable tourism?
Rising fossil fuel prices, energy prices are increasing interest in the development of renewable energy sources, increasing pressure to increase energy independence and diversification of energy sources, the application of new energy technologies in economic activities, eco-innovations that generate savings in the consumption of fossil fuels, switching to more energy-efficient means of transport, to electromobiles. In this way, the current energy crisis may perpetuate trends already underway, which are an offshoot of the long-term developing climate crisis. The pro-environmental trends of scaling up the implementation of sustainable development goals, the implementation of eco-innovations and green energy technologies into economic processes, which have been developing as important elements of the green economy, counteracting the progressive process of global warming and the worsening climate crisis are now being exacerbated by the developing energy crisis. The growing pro-environmental and pro-climate awareness of citizens may also force a change in the business models of tourism companies, which will increasingly enrich their tourism service offers with sustainability, pro-environmental, pro-climate, environmental protection issues, including, among others, through the use of emission-free energy sources, electromobility vehicles, etc. The effect of such pro-environmental processes may also be to add issues of sustainability, pro-environmental action, climate protection and planetary biosphere protection to the missions of tourism companies. The effect of such paradigm shifts and business models may be to change the standards of the means of transport used in tourism, increase the use of zero-emission transport and thus accelerate the pro-environmental transformation of tourism. Perhaps the consolidation of such processes in the years to come will increase the scale of development of green, sustainable tourism.
In view of the above, I address the following research question to the esteemed community of researchers and scientists:
Will rising fossil fuel, energy prices cause a change in the standards of the means of transport used in tourism, increase the scale of use of zero-emission transport and thus accelerate the pro-environmental transformation of tourism and increase the scale of development of green, sustainable tourism?
Will the current energy crisis perpetuate already developing trends of sustainable tourism development and increase the scale of pro-climate awareness among citizens?
Will the current energy crisis accelerate the pro-environmental transformation of tourism and increase the scale of green, sustainable tourism development?
What is your opinion on this topic?
Please respond,
I invite you all to discuss,
Thank you very much,
Warm regards,
Dariusz Prokopowicz
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It adds to the whole circular economy where tourism will be part of the equation of production of cleaner products, agriculture, biofuels, forest conservation, organic production, etc., so all works integrated.
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I am currently coordinating a course on tourism planning and regional development and want one lecture slot to more closely examine tourism development in times of crisis. How do you plan when you have no idea what to plan for?
I would like to base it around climate change, Covid-19, but also the current on-going conflict in Ukraine.
Thankful for any suggestions on material to make the lecture more profound. I also welcome a discussion on this topic I can share with my students if you wish to voice your opinion.
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Hello researchers,
I am working on mining heritage and tourism development for around four years now. I feel that my research topic is relatively new and fewer people are working in this field. Hence, I want to develop an academic network of people with similar interests so that collaboration may happen, and I can get more work opportunities and vice-versa. So, what is the correct way to find people with similar interests, what is the correct approach, and how to spread my own work to a greater audience who are interested in my research and capable to give the right feedbacks?
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Olga Rauhut Kompaniets Thank you for your response. I will try TRYNET.
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for tourism agency :
I am a Master Student at the School of Tourism and Hotel Management, I am conducting a research entitled “
SUSTAINABLE TOURISM POTENTIAL AND STRATEGIES FOR DEVELOPMENT AS AN INDUSTRY IN PAKISTAN. FACTORS AFFECTING TOURISM". May you please answer all the
questions carefully? All information you provide will be strictly confidential and used for academic purposes only.
#tourism #development #sustainable #sustainable #hotelmanagement #pakistan #research
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Yes. It is specific catagory for answering.
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The issue of tourism development is considered one of the contemporary topics on the basis that it has proven the extent of its effective contribution to increasing the national income of any country and thus increasing the income of individuals and improving their standard of living, as well as with what it includes in terms of comprehensive civilized development of all natural, human and material components, hence tourism development is a means of economic development, especially For local development, the interest in it has increased by trying to make it sustainable, by setting long-term policies and programs aimed at creating a sustainable tourism development whose primary goal is to preserve the environment, achieve the interests of current generations, and preserve the interests of future generations.
How do tourism development contribute to achieve development?
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Muhammad Umer Niaz Thank you very much for sharing your valuable study
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Hello,
I am interested in knowing what are the best methods for EIA. Especially one which could be used before recommending a site for tourism development.
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The contextual method, a method that based on the particular nature of its object
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I want to know the positive outcomes of cross-border tourism development cooperation between countries.
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Mr. Narcis Bassols, thank you so much!
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I want to know the positive outcomes of cross-border tourism development cooperation between countries.
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Mr. Samithamby Senthilnathan, thank you very much!
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I want to know the positive outcomes of cross-border tourism development cooperation between countries.
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Destruction and killings of innocent are results of CBT
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I want to know the positive outcomes of cross-border tourism development cooperation between countries.
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I think it depends on the local torism management, region, as well as the type of tourism (niche). If there exists the possibility (and the intention) of a cultural exchange, could be worthy, but if you have tourists looking for binge drinking and other similar activities (e.g.The case of Tijuana, Mexico), could de very challenging.
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I want to know the positive outcomes of cross-border tourism development cooperation between countries.
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I think, firstly, if cross-border tourism is developed well it will help to improve the quality of the roads, railways and airports between countries.
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Now I am working on one of my research papers related to cross-border tourism development cooperation. I am looking for a suitable method and model for it.
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The same methods used in social science research, both qualitative and quantitative, depending on the objective of the research.
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If the area has breathtaking nature and interesting nomadic culture like Altay mountain part of Mongolia. does it work?
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I agree with that point (upgrading programs to the low-skilled labor force). Unfortunately, in most underdeveloped countries, corruption is one of the primary obstacles to pro-poor programs. So, together with upgrading programs to the low-skilled labor force, the government pays more attention to an effective governance system.
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How can I possibly rate tourism in a Nairobi for instance as prosperous or not what are the possible indexes for measuring tourism success factors in this case.
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Thank you so much Brigitta especially long-term impacts
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Hello, I am doing a sustainable tourism development analysis in visitors' perspectives. I need to determine the number of sample size for both pilot test and the actual surveys. There are of 34 items that needed to be rated by the visitors in 7 point likert scale. Do you know which study I can refer to in determining the number of sample size for this research? I am going to use Importance-Performance Analysis for this research. Thank you and very much appreciated.
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Based on Byrne’s (2010) suggestion that the number of samples should not be less than 200. Hair et al. (2013) argued that a minimum of 200 samples and a maximum of 400 samples are required to apply the structured model analysis. Importantly, Sideridis et al. (2014) argued that if the sample size exceeds 400, the structured model will then present a poor result of the goodness of fit indices. In your case, you can choose 5-10 questionnaire for each parameter.
all the best
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I base myself on the proposal of a development of tourism on a human scale (Max-Neef, 2010), in which the dimensions of being, being, doing and having, bring together human needs. Thus, hypothetically, it can be seen that the relationship between happiness and the production processes in tourism, especially those that tend to generate greater value - for satisfaction - to the consumer, must contemplate the effective participation of both the producer and the consumer. Happiness is fixed in the production processes that provide the proximity between the desire to be, to be, to do - of the producer and the consumer - and to have - in this case, would fit only the consumer.
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Thanks, Paris Tsartas !
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Tourism is one of the growing sectors of the new millennium with massive share of contribution to the economy and employment etc. In this backdrop would it be safe to say that Tourism is a source of sustainable livelihood.
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I do agree with both previous replies by @Lusine and @Yehia; tourism does not necessarily cause sustainability. It should, however, be constantly adjusted to stand in line with and towards sustainable strategies and goals.
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Happiness in tourism, from a generalist perspective, focuses on two large interest groups, tourists - who seek worthwhile experiences and provide the maximum satisfaction - and the community that receives them - which is satisfied when there is a balance between the yearnings of the visitor, entrepreneurs, public managers and theirs. Thus, how to align the strategic needs of the tourist destination with those inherent in sustainable development and without harming local happiness? Anyone have any cases?
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A most interesting question! I wonder if breaking it down could be of help. If I understand you correctly, the thrust of the question is about relations between the 'happiness' of groups. Setting aside the tricky matter of what 'happiness' is, we are left with the idea that the happiness of one 'group' - tourists - may impact the happiness of another group - 'locals'. We could, perhaps, think of this as 'locals' and 'non-locals' . Here, the issue of locality, suggests the prime dimension of difference is connection to (and use of) place - it is about the happiness derived from use of (consumption of) places by those with different kinds of connection to place. Presumably the connection is time - each group being more or less temporary consumers of place. From the perspective of locals, the question is how temporary consumers of place affect them - while from the perspective of non-locals the question is how less temporary consumers of place affect them. Negative effects detract from the experience of either - producing varying results in terms of 'happiness' (however conceived). Depending on how happiness is conceived, you might divide the groups further into different kinds of local and non-local groups (for instance, business tourists versus other kinds of tourists and different kinds of locals - business operators, residents and so on). Happiness effects of place consumption by other groups might then vary for each subgroup.
For instance, happiness for tourists is often measured by 'satisfaction' (various pre- and post- measures being used - see for example work by Metin Kozak), though lately things have shifted to the idea of 'visitor experience'. More generally, happiness int he workplace is often measured by various measures of 'wellbeing', and there are plenty of workplace studies that operationalize this construct in the context of various settings of employment. Life quality and quality of life are also used as indicators of well being in place or occupational contexts. One way would be to take some of these measures and apply them. Another way could be to develop the construct. For instance, I wonder if it could be interesting to see if you could develop a new construct of 'happiness' in the context of tourism place - to investigate what the construct of 'happiness' means in this context and point towards an operable construct that might cuts across different types of place consumers.
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Tourism development in every country is very important, especially the ecology and sustainability that needs conscious human beings to accept it
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The Improvements in infrastructure and services in tourist sites can benefit both the locals and the tourists, but the negative impacts are multidimensional the effects that are caused in most cases, at the tourist destination site with detrimental impacts to the social and cultural, as well as the natural environment.
1. Environmental impacts: that affects the carrying capacity of the area, air quality, vegetation, water bodies, the ground water table, and wildlife.
2. Sociocultural impacts: The introduction of tourists to sensitive areas can be detrimental, cause a loss of culture, or, alternatively, contribute to the preservation of culture and cultural sites through increased resources.
3. Economic impacts: it is usually seen as positive, which contribute to employment, better services, and social stability. Yet these impacts can also contribute to high living costs within the community, pushing local business out of the areas, and raising costs for locals.
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Hello, currently I am focusing doing a research on Leveraging sports event legacy through sports tourism development. Does anybody know the leverage theory on sports tourism?
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Kevin Tennent and I did a detailed literature review on the planned and actual outcomes of sport mega events, including tourism benefits (or not!) in our paper. We also provide a case study - the 1966 World Cup - which might be of interest to you: https://www.pmi.org/-/media/pmi/documents/public/pdf/learning/pmj/early-edition/dec-jan-2017/j20171293.pdf
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Most traditional festivals ahbor female gender participation either as spectators or active participants.
This has recently generated huge criticisms on gender issues for sustainable tourism. Would you suggest a traditional reform to encourage full participatory tourism?
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There are many factors that affect participation in tourism, gender is just one of these. I think that the cultural values of the societies are one of the most important influential in tourism participation. And I think this can only be overcome with education in early ages. For example the perception of sustainability that develops at an early age can change the role of gender and also other factors. At the same time, incentives on social tourism will affect tourism participation positively and will discourage differences.
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Involvement is a psychological construct that refers to the importance that a category of product have in the life of a consumer. As such it has been extensively studied and used as a predictor of shopping behavior. Recently I attended a very influential scientific conference in the area of business administration. There, some colleagues felt that this field of study had "cooled down" and went from being a hot area to a niche of study (i.e. specialized area of study, which is not (or is no longer) among those that attract more attention in a discipline). I would like to know your opinions.
Greetings,
Jorge
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Thank you Danny for your response. However, I use in my question the term "niche" in the context of scientific research. That is a specialized area of study, which is not (or is no longer) among those that attract more attention in a discipline.
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It seems CSR has now turned on to tourism small enterprises such travel agents and tour operators due to both internal and external pressure. So, what are the critical travel responsibility issues which travel agents and tour operators are expected to provide in line with their role as travel intermediaries?
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Many thanks Marjore for your recommendation.
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Has anyone done a study or analysis on the factors associated to Himalayan tourism industry? If yes, what methodology have you used?
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Dear Stefano Polesello thank you very much sir for suggesting papers I will go through all the papers you shared I hope they help me to gain some view regarding the factors and methodology part.
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I am researching about "promoting ecotourism in the urban areas". What are your thoughts? Is it possible?
Ecotourism is a very professional branch of nature-based tourism, and it also includes travelling to relatively undisturbed or uncontaminated natural areas with the specific object of studying, preserving the environment and empowering the local people. Can we use its concept in the urban areas?
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I agree with other colleague that should increase the consciousness of urban residents healthy life.
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My research paper deals with use conflicts in tourism (such as conflicts over natural ressources, social conflicts due to tourism), and I'm trying to find some articles / books about the creation of these conflicts. I would like to focus on one part on the fact that maybe some conflicts existed before the development of tourism, and tourism made them worst. I am wondering if tourism is not more like  the straw that broke the camels back,  than the real reason that provoked the emergence of conflicts. 
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Dear Rose.
I use the following principle. I type the keyword in Google and put the journal and pdf. So get similar papers.
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In my recent study i realized that ecotourism resources are scattered in my study area, and with that, am suspected that economic growth, ecological and environmental pressure in these locations might be affected either positive or negative. Therefore, i need literature in relation to tourism and ecotourism and the implications of their spatial distributions.
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"Challenges to Implementing Community Based Ecotourism (CBET) as a Bottom up Development Approach in the Sinharaja Rain Forest (Sri Lanka)" this is my PhD thesis . I will send it's link to download. as i think it will be use full for ur work  
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Can anyone recommend some good research papers on the challenges faced in implementing tourism indicator systems in tourism planning and development, particularly at local level?
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Dear Emmet,
I hope these links will be useful:
1. Implementing STD on a Small Island: Development and Use of Sustainable Tourism Development Indicators in Samoa, http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/09669580208667174;
2.Sustainability indicators for managing community tourism, http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0261517705000737
Best Regards
Barbara
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This beach front space is in the city area, and the building of such a hotel will offer many job opportunities to many locals. At present unemployment is very high in the country. This 15-story hotel would be the highest in the country and by extension in the city, but its height will not block the vision of any other building in the city.
They are some hotels a distant away also on the beach that are less than 7-stories, but this venture will bring much foreign exchange to the country. It will as well bring a greater level of aesthetics to the area as many buildings in the said world heritage site are become derelict. The city really needs a face lift at this moment.
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Hi Angela,
As the type of World Heritage site hasn't been noted, it is difficult to provide a full justification to the question. Lets say that the site is an urban world heritage site. UNESCO haven't provided any recommendations or documents which discuss the impacts of high rise buildings in urban landscapes, which therefore initiates the first problem regarding what is and what isn't allowed provided by the international advisory bodies, as there is no clear guidelines and each case is different depending on the city. The second issue is in regards to the human/heritage dilemma, as the number one stakeholder here would be the local communities. Is it the right thing to do to prevent a regenerative scheme into the local area to preserve the historic buildings of the city (which you commented on was in need of a facelift). The situation sounds like it does require some regenerative scheme to the urban area, however it does need to be an organic development, and one which negotiates between preserving the historic landscape, but also understanding that urban areas require change benefit the communities and prevent a form of museumification. 
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It has been observed from literature that different tourism destinations attract different class of tourism as a result of facilities in the destination, price, and other factors. Therefore we need to know what the scenario in Africa looks like.
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I may be late in responding to your question but anyway I feel Nigeria and some other African countries have not so far exploited their vast potential in tourism. I have recently visited Abuja and the first impression itself on the drive from the airport to the city gave the picture of virgin greenery that demands a view....not going into scholarly endorsements I must say that Nigeria has to strengthen its NTO/DMO and equip it with greater authority and autonomy in marketing Nigeria to the world so that misconceptions are belied. Also cultural, agri-based and nature based tourism has to be developed which hold greater potential in the context of Nigeria. 
The DMO is the key!
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In context of smart destinations, colleagues and myself are developing a research project on digital visitor management. We are searching for existing cases where digital media are already being used for visitor management.
I would appreciate any tips and information from research teams working on this topic.
Thanks
Jan
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i want to do the study of destinations for the ecotourism development and planning in this regard  in need some literature 
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I have carried out some work on coastal tourism. May be the attached file could help you.
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i want to use composite index technique in the study of religious tourism to find out the most developed and undeveloped destination. 
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Since development is your concern the index should capture the attributes associated with religious fervour that the destination embodies. And I do agree that disentangling the religious from the secular; the sacred from the mundane, is going to be a challenge. Partly because measurements are going to be relative, but also because a lot of it is subjective and experiential in nature. The space-place transformative relation that features largely in a religious tourism setting may be hard to quantify. I make reference to this as a kind of superimposition of spatial and experiential dimensions. There may be range of values for the composite index, for which it is indicative, that this threshold is being reached or its a departure from it. 
As is the case for the consumer price index, a composite index of prices based on a reference basket of goods, the composite index for religious tourism may require a "basket of must -sees" that will give the most representative weightage in the spirit of seriousness.
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Tourism is believed to have various impact but are their specific impact from religious tourist? If yes how can the be measured or got from the destination given the fact that some religious sites are periodic (not always open)
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please refer to my papers. all the best
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The aim here is to see the role different culture play beach and resort development, given the fact that some beaches that are deified the host communities may not be happy in developing them.
Meanwhile, case studies of different areas across the globe are welcomed.
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Dear Chigozie,
One of the most important planners related to Beach and Resort development is Clare A. Gunn from Texas University. As an architect, he researched and promoted lots of papers and projects throughout his life. If you are interested in his work, please visit:
Here you can find all the information about it.
About books, most of the are available on the Internet.
I hope they are helpful for you.
Best regards,
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want to survey western ghat to find out potential sites for the development of ecotourism in the region 
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Hi Dr. Meena Potdar,
Please go through the following attachments which may be helpful to you in your mission.
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I'm interested in international campaigns developed by the Bulgarian national tourism authorities.
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Hi, Daniela! I didn't , so your help would be great for me! Thank you! 
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Ultimate goal will be a model for designing a new event and make it as popular as a Touristic attraction.
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Securing a good deal for advertising space is a good idea.  Informing the media through press releases is essential.  If it's a fixed show or a changing show word of mouth and prioritizing ways to get new fresh people to expound on the items is essential so the selling of souvenirs is useful.  Laslty blogging and the use of social media is a sound way to promote and develop the market for cultural interest in the locale.  IF It reflects something of our values it's sure to gain a role in our ritual appreciation of cultural generation of new sources of the cultural imagination.  The more imaginative the actual source is the better it is, this includes the presentation of banners with logos for the site and easily identifiable markings of the locus of a place that everyone wants to visit.  In creating the demand through marketing, and design, you welcome a steady flow of customers.  Having prints of materials and posters readily available is also a good idea.
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Dear All ,
Greetings !!
It is our pleasure to announce that the Department of Tourism ,Garden City College of Science and Management Studies Bangalore - 49 , in association with Federation of Karnataka Chambers of Commerce and Industries - Tourism Committee,organizing QUEST - 2016 - Cinematic Tourism Conference on 20th Feb. 2016 in it's vicinity.This year’s conference focuses on the intrinsic value attached to cinema and its role in promotion of a place, and aims at showcasing the in-depth knowledge among researchers, academicians, entrepreneurs and experts in the field of Travel & Tourism, Hospitality, Management and Media sectors.
Please find the attached file of event details for your consideration and requesting your valuable inputs as article/paper contribution on anyone given topics .
Should you required any assistance please feel free to contact .We look forward for your support and participation.
Kind regards ,
Saurabh Bharti
Astt. Prof.Dept. of Tourism
Garden City College of Science & Management Studies,
16th K.M. Old Madras Road, Bangalore- 49 [Karnataka]
+91-8884690797 / +918066487623 / +918066487739
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Thank You... Sir
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I need to examine Tourism Led Growth hypothesis for Uzbekistan, CIS country. Can I use GDP growth rates instead of GDP  to check whether cointegration relationship exists between economic growth and tourism development in Uzbekistan?  Because GDP (real, nominal, per capita) in any forms is I(2), GDP growth rates and tourism variables are I(1).
P.S. When I performed different Cointegration and causality tests with economic growth rates, international tourism arrivals and tourism receipts TLGH holds for Uzbekistan. These tests show reciprocal cointegration relationship between variables.
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Thank you very much for such a helpful suggestions, I shall try to use them in my research
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Dear colleague,
I am studying topic “Factors impact to Community Tourism”. But I find it is difficult to determine the factors related to the relevant model. And how to measure the performance of the Community Tourism Model.
Please recommend me some references about this topic and suggestions about the performance.
Thank you so much.
Your sincerely,
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Laverack, G. and Thangphet, S. (2009) Building community capacity for locally managed ecotourism in Northern Thailand. Community Development Journal. 44 (2): 172-185.
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Dear colleagues, are you aware of any research about tourism product clubs? I want to research the potential of their formation in a destination, in the context of my research on stakeholders in sustainable tourism development. Any suggestions? Thank you all very much in advance
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Dear Natasa,
Maybe the below mentioned links would be interesting for you :
Wine tourism product clubs as a way to increase wine added value: the case of Spain - https://www.dovepress.com/wine-tourism-product-clubs-as-a-way-to-increase-wine-added-value-the-c-peer-reviewed-article-IJWR,
Kind regards
Barbara
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We believe that cross-fertilizing the tourism and seaport literatures on the specific topic of relationship networks for competitiveness can favour the spreading of practices and can create a collaborative environment to solve problems that cannot be solved by one sector alone. The final aim is to identify and promote common tools for the sustainable development of both tourism destinations and seaports in the city.
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Has anyone studied the issue??? If Ok, introduce me plz
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Francesch-Huidobro, M. (2015). Collaborative Governance and Environmental Authority for Adaptive Flood Risk: Recreating Sustainable Coastal Cities. Journal of Cleaner Production.
Hello,
I think this paper can help.
Good luck!!!
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Dear All,
I am looking for some experiences regarding the national brand for tourism development and marketing. How a country with diverse ethnic groups can show the real image of the country in the world tourism market. In this content, any ideas warmly welcome.
Kind regards,
Ahmad
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Dear Mr.Ahmad,
As Ramendra says, "there are many research paper related with the branding of a country with respect to tourism". Kindly find a book attached. I have a book from Romania brand, but it is only in Romanian language.
Good luck,
Ana
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I am planning to write about tourism potential of Tajikistan, and kindly asking you to enlighten me what model is the best to describe opportunities of tourism development in Tajikistan. I read about various methods in the publication & would like some concrete  advice. Thank you
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Thats the point, Rafael. In my opinion, "models" use to be far from reality. The question is very broad. The first thing could be to make a whole diagnosys of local-national resources. A SWOT analysis could be a good starting point. Secondly, to study other similar destinations, comparing market niches, promoting the destination according the potential tourist profiles...
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I am currently preparing for a dissertation about the relationship between open space design and urban tourism, and how open space stimulates tourism industry.
Are there any recommended journals or books for literature review and references? Can anybody help?
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Either you depend on subjective or objective indicators or both together. The aims and question of your research will determine the methodology that you may use to investigateyour indicators. For example you may depend sociological or psychological methods to get your subjective indicators.
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I've recently been conducting research about how tourism development causes stress for individuals in tourism host communities. I've been grappling with the fact that most conceptualizations of stress are inherently negative, even when the experience of stress leads to successful coping actions and positive outcomes. I'd like to find a way to measure some type of positive affect that contrasts stress in this context to provide a balanced view of some of the psychological impacts of tourism development.
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From the article:
Hahn, V. C., Binnewies, C., & Dormann, C. (2014). The role of partners and children for employees' daily recovery. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 85, 39-48. doi: 10.1016/j.jvb.2014.03.005.
"Recovery is a process opposite to the stress process as it reduces and reverses the harmful effects of job demands (Sonnentag & Fritz, 2007)."
And from the article:
Sonnentag, S., & Fritz, C. (2007). The recovery experience questionnaire: Development and validation of a measure assessing recuperation and unwinding at work. Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 12, 204-221.
"The recovery process can be seen as a process opposite to the strain process."
Greetings
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Islamic tourism developments/operations can cater to the Western(non Muslim) tourists? do you think a mixture help or hinder tourism development of a Muslim country eager to increase its international arrivals? big challenge!
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Ok That is great. My concern How to satisfy non Muslim tourists needs. For example. How to market shariah compliant hotels as apart of Islamic tourism to non Muslim tourists where alcohol beverage is prohibited. How to manage sensitive issues like segregated swimming pool, beaches, gym. This big challenges issues for Islamic tourism if you want target non Muslim tourists as a customer. 
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Can someone confirm that, there is a data base of individuals which, for example, stays in accommodation related to special forms of tourism eg. eco-tourists, adventurers, backpackers?
Thanks. 
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Dear colleagues, 
thank you all for answers and suggestions. I followed them and also reviewed some different sources. First, a short conclusion would be that at this moment there is no such a data collected at one place or source (including world reports and by country). So there is no global facts about alternative, niche or special interest tourism, only accounts and approximations. Second, instead of previous, I found many papers and resources with own statistics gathered by regions or by tourism themes (eg eco-turism, adventure forms, backpacking, wine, geo-tourism...). 
In time to time I will share those facts here, so it can be reachable to everyone interested. 
Best regards. 
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I am working on paper dealing with the role of tourism development in economic growth in MENA countries. I would like to know about your experiences.
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In response to Mohamed Benmerikhi, let me differ a bit in saying that the benefits of linkages are significantly reduced when the tourism business model is based on the All Inclusive motif, which is practiced in sun ,sea and sand destinations, like the caribbean and other warm climate regions. The enclaves are like land based cruise ships, with all amenities within the compound, negating any need to wander far afield, spreading money among the local population. As a matter of course, tourists are warned not to leave the compounds for any trivial reason, due to perils real and imagined. It is an ecosystem which is controlled by corporate management, with tour operators deciding which airlines go to which countries, and hotel ownership deciding who gets the plum jobs, and where the supplies such as food and liquor come from.  A hotel in Barbados, for example, could be getting lettuce from Miami, not because it could not be produced locally, but because of corporate connections. In summary, with leakages and profit repatriations factored into the equation, maybe 5 cents of every tourist dollar remains in the economy of the host destination.
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This example is more complex because I mean "normal" archeological sites, where there is no need to pay for entrance and tourism facilities don't exist or are represented only by educational table and the like. Also, the local community isn't usually aware of the existence of these sites.
I would like to assess the tourism potential of unrealized archeological resources. I can say that it has influence for regional tourism to offer, because sites development widens it. But it is only a statement, which can be formulated without any research...
Any ideas/help? Thank you in advance!
Damian
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Mrs. Potdar I reviewed two Your papers: about economic impact and environmental impact, but there are some foundamental differences, which cause that I can't use (or just I don't have idea how to do it) Your methods. You researched developed tourist destinations and You took into consideration all attractions of the region, and also You have visible evidences of impact that You can assess in many respects. Whereas I would like to take into consideration only one type of attractions (archaeological sites), which are completely undeveloped and I want to prove/disapprove hypothesis that: if we develop tourism on this sites, it will influences on sustainability in the region. My problem is: how to mesure it? How can I get the proper data? Where could they come from? I'm still reflecting on it but I only "famously remarked":) that "these archaeological sites will improve tourist offer of the region". Unfortunately it's obvious..
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My case study is the Bue Marino Caves and its network and I would like to assess the social footprint of all the systems, including the stakeholder categories.
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I think it can be very useful in assessing the social footprint, of a network built around the economic exploitation of an environmental good
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Many governments, and to some extent tourism businesses, invest large amounts of funds into a wide range of marketing activities, which seems to be the primary focus for increasing visitor numbers to their destination or tourism business. At the same time, investments in supporting the growth and development of tourism businesses, products and experiences are declining. These are the same businesses, products and experiences that are being heavily marketed.
Marketing plays an important role in increasing visitor numbers. With the growth of purchasing an experience and not just a holiday one begs to question why is there not more focus, support and funding invested to develop the experiences that travelers are seeking? Marketing and product development needs to be better balanced and the question is; how do we find that balance?
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In one of my publications I argued that DMOs produce image as they are not able to produce physical product such as, say, hotels, theme parks etc. DMOs are often funded to a significant degree by the public sector, and thus do not 'manage' a destination. Given this, then the marketing emphasis is on image as DMOs seek to promote a destination that comprises significant number of different attractions. The late Neil Leiper always maintained that it is misleading to talk of a tourism industry - but rather there is a collection of industries - airlines, car rental companies, accommodation, etc etc - and sometimes they have complementary interests and at other times not.
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Where I can find the statistical data on minihotels and guest houses in Europe?
Publications on this theme in the different countries are interesting to me.
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I am not sure, on second thought, of what you mean by minihotels and guest houses. Are they 1 or 2 star hotels? Or do you refer to B&Bs? One source of data on international tourism to Italy and from Italy is the Bank of Italy. You can check on the microdata web page of the Bank's web site: http://www.bancaditalia.it/statistiche/rapp_estero/turismo-int/microdati-turismo;internal&action=_setlanguage.action?LANGUAGE=it.
I am afraid that as of today there is not the English version of the web page. But if necessary I can help. In the survey foreign tourists on their way back home are asked whether they stayed at a hotel or B&B etc. Maybe it could be useful to you.