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Thin Films - Science topic
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Publications related to Thin Films (10,000)
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In this work, magnetron sputtered Ti and Al2O3/Ti have been investigated. Microstructure, morphology, phase identification, mechanical, and optical properties were studied. Heat treatment at 600◦ C for 2h with different cooling rates was applied. X-ray diffraction (XRD) was used in phase and structure identification. Scanning electron microscopy (S...
We report on the realization of an on-chip bidirectional frequency shifting device (BFSD), which can be well applied to optical frequency transfer (OFT) systems. The BFSD mainly consists of two cascaded traveling wave phase modulators (PMs), and after applying the serrodyne modulation, the optical frequency signal can be efficiently shifted bidirec...
This work investigates the features of a sputtering system with an asymmetrical planar hollow cathode discharge at 10–100 Pa pressures. The asymmetrical hollow cathode discharge occurs between two planar cathodes with different negative potentials. The problem of diffusion transport of sputtered material was formulated and numerically solved. To ve...
The charge-transfer kinetics at the interface between LiMn2O4 thin-film electrodes and ether-based concentrated electrolytes were studied. The [Li(triglyme)1][N(SO2CF3)2] electrolyte exhibited higher charge-transfer resistance and activation energy barrier compared to monoglyme and tetrahydrofuran-based concentrated electrolytes. Li salt concentrat...
We report on the formation of the Cr2C compound using chemical etching-free methodology to extract Al from a Cr2AlC MAX phase. Cr2AlC/Cu assemblies were deposited on sapphire substrates, using magnetron...
Understanding the thermal influence on gallium nitride (GaN) single crystal substrates is critical for the advancement of GaN-based optoelectronic devices. In this study, we comprehensively characterized the thermal effects on the optical properties of silicon-doped GaN substrates using spectroscopic ellipsometry over a broad wavelength range from...
Thin-film lithium tantalate (TFLT) is attracting increasing attention in nonlinear generation of visible lasers due to its large second-order nonlinearity and reduced photorefractive effect. In this Letter, we design and fabricate a periodically poled TFLT waveguide for frequency doubling of a near-infrared laser operating at around 1064 nm. Contin...
The objective of our research is to improve the power generation of a thermoelectric generator (TEG) using a single-walled carbon nanotube (SWCNT) sheet by applying the out-of-plane deformation of a slitted kirigami structure. In order to obtain a large amount of power from a TEG using a thin-film thermoelectric (TE) element such as a SWCNT sheet,...
We studied experimentally the dynamics of a thin film coating on a fiber with different inclined angles. This type of flow is asymmetric and accompanied by rich dynamics manifested via the formation and interaction of droplets. It is found that the dynamics of the coating flows exhibits three typical regimes, i.e., oscillatory flow, steady and unst...
One of the main drawbacks of the current flexible devices is the lack of a thin-film encapsulation with superior moisture barrier performance, light transmittance and mechanical flexibility. In this study, an inorganic/organic/inorganic composite film was fabricated on a 10 cm × 10 cm polyethylene naphthalate (PEN) substrate, which consisted of two...
In recent years, the development of ultra-thin perovskite solar cells has attracted attention due to their potential for producing flexible and less toxic solar cells. However, the use of perovskite thin films results in lower efficiency due to inadequate light harvesting. This paper proposes and numerically investigates the incorporation of Au nan...
The unique physical and chemical properties of erythrosiderite‐halides make them candidates for semiconductor materials and optoelectronic devices. However, research on the optoelectronic properties of these materials is still relatively limited. This study presents the crystal structure and optoelectronic properties of Cs₂FeCl₅⋅H₂O erythrosiderite...
Thin film microelectronic devices and circuits (TFMDCs), including thin film transistors (TFTs), thin film solar cells (TFSCs), thin film sensors (TFSs), thin film memories (TFMs), etc [...]
This study explores the electrochemical properties of additive-free NiCo₂O₄ derived from NiCo–metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) as a high-performance anode material for lithium-ion batteries (LIBs), excluding the effect of additives. NiCo-MOF was synthesized via an ultrasonic-assisted method and deposited on stainless steel foils using alternating cu...
Tuning of the oxygen vacancy channels (OVCs) ordering is crucial to control ionic conduction, which has much promise in energy materials and memory devices. Brownmillerite (BM) oxides have been proven to be an ideal playground for exploring the modulation of OVCs through external stimuli. In the BM-SrCoO2.5 thin films, we observed that in-plane com...
The transfer matrix method effectively analyzes wave scattering in homogeneous layered media but struggles with structures having spatially varying material properties. This paper introduces an analytic method to determine transfer matrix elements for all Bloch-Floquet modes in structures with spatially varying dielectric properties. We demonstrate...
A new CuNi/TiB2 thin-film thermocouple was fabricated using magnetron sputtering. A 400 nm thick CuNi interior layer was deposited on a dielectric substrate initiatory, and then covered by an 800 nm thick TiB2 layer. The tests revealed that the TiB2 layer had a dense and columnar cross-section. The measured hardness and elastic modulus of the TiB2...
Silicon-based anodes suffer from the loss of physical integrity due to large volume changes during alloying and de-alloying processes with electrolytes. By integrating electrochemically inert, physically strong, ductile nickel layers with a multi-layered thin-film silicon anode, the long-life cycling of the Si/Ni/Si/Ni anode was demonstrated. A cap...
Event detection is a key feature in many applications and is often achieved digitally by comparing sequential frames and detecting changes or patterns that signify an event. While digital systems dominate most applications, optical analog methods are receiving increasing attention in areas requiring speed or operation in challenging conditions. Her...
Topological semimetals are some of the topological phases of matter most intensely studied experimentally. The Weyl semimetal phase, in particular, has garnered tremendous, sustained interest given fascinating signatures such as the Fermi arc surface states and the chiral anomaly, as well as the minimal requirements to protect this three-dimensiona...
The primary objective of this paper is to classify the first transitions of a general class of one spatial dimensional nonlinear partial differential equations on a bounded interval. The linear part of the equation is assumed to have a real discrete spectrum with a complete set of eigenfunctions, which are of the form sinkx$$ \sin kx $$ or coskx,k∈...
This paper presents an anisotropic ring resonator model based on coupled mode theory. The developed model was validated using experimental data presented in Opt. Express 27, 35659 (2019)10.1364/OE.27.035659 for the ring resonator made of X-cut thin film lithium niobate. A good agreement between the model and experimental results for the free spectr...
Prominent platforms based on thin-film lithium niobate (TFLN) are superior integrated-photonics platforms for efficient optical parametric amplification (OPA), however, previously few studies have been systematically reported the gain-boosting performance of TFLN waveguides compared to bulk LN waveguides. Here, we optimize two TFLN waveguides with...
The understanding of charge transfer processes in mixed-dimensional quasi-2D perovskites is crucial for their application in high-performance photovoltaic devices. In this work, we investigate the link between charge transport dynamics and morphology in a thin film of quasi-2D perovskites (PEA2MAn-1PbnI3n+1), grown with a distinct dimensionality gr...
A novel, efficient, and sensitive method for detecting absorptive defects in fused silica optics, called laser thermal pumping combined with micro-interferometric imaging (LTP-MII), is proposed. First, the thermal deformation simulation of fused silica optics under a 355-nm LTP was calculated using a multiphysics field approach. Even with ppm-level...
Sb2Te3-based flexible thin films can be utilized in the fabrication of self-powered wearable devices due to their huge potential in thermoelectric performance. Although doping can significantly enhance the power factor value, the process of identifying suitable dopants is typically accompanied by numerous repeating experiments. Herein, we introduce...
Spectroscopic reflectometry based thin film measurement plays an important 10 role in modern semiconductor, Hard Disk Drive (HDD) and display industry because of its 11 non-destructive nature and high through-put. In spectroscopic reflectometry, conventional 12 model-based iterative algorithms often face challenges such as high computational costs,...
Yb:YAG thin disk lasers can deliver high average power, high-energy pulses of fundamental mode. To achieve spatially homogeneous spectral broadening of the pulses in a compact setup, we propose utilizing a thin-film compression (TFC) scheme following beam shaping via field mapping optics. In our proof-of-principle experiment, the pulse from a Yb:YA...
The superconducting sigma neuron is a single-junction interferometer, with a part of the circuit shunted by an additional inductance, which is also used to generate the output signal. It was previously predicted that the transfer function of this device would be close to the sigmoidal one at a certain relation between the values of inductance of it...
Cupric oxide (CuO) is a promising p-type semiconducting oxide for many critical fields such as energy conversion and storage, and gas sensors, attributed to their unique optoelectrical properties and cost-effectiveness....
We report the fabrication of an 8-meter-long thin-film lithium niobate (TFLN) optical true delay line (OTDL) using the photolithography-assisted chemomechanical etching (PLACE) technique, showing a low transmission loss of 0.036 dB/cm in the conventional telecom band.
The dynamics of evolving fluid films in the viscous Stokes limit is relevant to various applications, such as the modelling of lipid bilayers in cells. While the governing equations were formulated by Scriven (1960), solving for the flow of a deformable viscous surface with arbitrary shape and topology has remained a challenge. In this study, we pr...
8[15]1-7: e3815107 Article Construction and development of an ultrasonic spray pyrolysis system for semiconductor thin films deposition to photovoltaic applications Construcción y desarrollo de un sistema de rocío pirolítico ultrasónico para el depósito de semiconductores en películas delgadas para aplicaciones fotovoltaicas
The global asphalt production growth rate exceeded 10% in the past decade, and over 90% of the world’s road surfaces are generated from asphalt materials. Therefore, the issue of asphalt aging has been widely researched. In this study, the aging of asphalt thin films under various natural conditions was studied to prevent the distortion of indoor s...
Polarization splitter-rotators (PSRs) are crucial for on-chip polarization-division multiplexing (PDM) systems. Here, we design and experimentally demonstrate a compact and broadband PSR based on adiabatic mode evolution on a thin-film lithium niobate (TFLN) platform. A novel, to the best of our knowledge, quasi-adiabatic algorithm is proposed to m...
Recently, ultrafast laser direct writing has become an effective method for preparing flexible films with micro-nano structures. However, effective control of laser parameters to obtain acceptable micro-nano structures and the effect of micro-nano structure sizes on function of the film remain challenges. Additionally, flexible films with high X-ba...
Homoepitaxial step-flow growth of high-quality $\beta$-Ga$_{2}$O$_{3}$ thin films is essential for the advancement of high-performance Ga$_{2}$O$_{3}$-based devices. In this work, the step-flow growth mechanism of $\beta$-Ga$_{2}$O$_{3}$ (100) facet is explored by machine-learning molecular dynamics simulations and density functional theory calcula...
This study employs the thin film design software TFCale to successfully design and realize a high-efficiency polarization beam splitter suitable for the visible light wavelength range of 400-700 nm, with incident angles between 40 and 50. The design objective was to achieve near 100% reflectance for S-polarized light and near 100% transmittance for...
Copper‐tantalate, Cu2Ta4O11 (CTO), shows significant promise as an efficient photocathode for multi‐carbon compounds (C2+) production through photoelectrochemical (PEC) CO2 reduction, owing to its suitable energy bands and catalytic surface. However, synthesizing CTO poses a significant challenge due to its metastable nature and thermal instability...
Perovskite solar cells have garnered extensive attention and profound scrutiny from the global scientific community, attributed to their progressively enhancing photoelectric conversion efficiency, the expedient and efficient solution-based fabrication process, their distinctive lightweight and wearable attributes, and the promise of utilizing cost...
Here, we design exotic interfaces within a flexible thermoelectric device, incorporating a polyimide substrate, Ti contact layer, Cu electrode, Ti barrier layer, and thermoelectric thin film. The device features 162 pairs of thin-film legs with high room-temperature performance, using p-Bi0.5Sb1.5Te3 and n-Bi2Te2.7Se0.3, with figure-of-merit values...
MoS2 is expected to replace silicon-based field-effect transistors and continue Moore’s law. However, thin-film MoS2 transistors on flexible substrates are prone to nanocracking under bending conditions. Although classical fracture mechanics provides a broad understandings of its crack tip field, how the higher-order T-stress term influences the na...
With the increasing demand for devices in miniaturization, accuracy, and low power consumption, developing microdevices in the form of piezoelectric thin films is significant for microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) applications. Piezoelectric thin films offer advantages of miniaturization and low power consumption, holding immense potential in ME...
Damage to buried gas pipelines caused by mining activities has been frequently reported. Based on a case study from the Central China coal mining area, this research employs a scaled model experiment to investigate the movement of overlying strata in a room-and-pillar mining goaf. Distributed optical fiber strain sensors and thin-film pressure sens...
We design and fabricate an eight-channel thin-film lithium niobate (TFLN) arrayed-waveguide grating (AWG) and demonstrate the electro-optical tunability of the device. The monolithically integrated microelectrodes are designed for waveguide phase modulation and wavelength tuning. Experiments show that the fabricated electro-optically controlled TFL...
We theoretically demonstrate that ponderomotive interactions near the electron cross-over can be used for aberration correction in ultrafast electron microscopes. Highly magnified electron shadow images from Si$_3$N$_4$ thin films are utilized to visualize the distortions induced by spherical aberrations. Our simulations of electron-light interacti...
While $Hf_{0.5}Zr_{0.5}O_2$ (HZO) thin films hold significant promise for modern nanoelectronic devices, a comprehensive understanding of the interplay between their polycrystalline structure and electrical properties remains elusive. Here, we present a novel framework combining phase-field (PF) modeling with Variational Autoencoders (VAEs) to unco...
Ultrafast optical pump-probe spectroscopy is a powerful tool to study dynamics in solid materials on femto- and picosecond timescales. In such experiments, a pump pulse induces dynamics inside a sample by impulsive light-matter interaction, resulting in dynamics that can be detected using a time-delayed probe pulse. In addition to the desired dynam...