Science topic

Telecommunications - Science topic

Transmission of information over distances via electronic means.
Questions related to Telecommunications
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Hello
I want to design a riblet hybrid coupler (Short Slot Hybrid Coupler) in X-band.
1- What should be the length of the couple region, the distance between the two common walls?
2- What techniques can I use for phase shift?
If you know an article or book in this field, please introduce it
Thanks
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Hello dear friend, thank you
According to the article:
Do you think it is easy to use the thesis of trapezoidal dielectric shape in reality?
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Is this Correct That I can reduce Distrotions to Ideally zero and reduce noise upto a limit but no completly zero? right ,In digital communication
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Thank you Very Much Aparna Sathya Murthy !!
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As till now after the matched filter or correlator we get a projection of vector and now with with Maxmimum liklehood AND with MAP criteria how we arrive to decission ?
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What are the channel encoding techniques like LDPC in Digital communication?
what are the improvements and what are the tradeoffs ?
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Is there an ESP customized for the telecommunication (telecom) industry?
Course design Syllabus and Curriculum including the needs analysis.
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Raied: Check out these PowerPoints about "Digital Humor," and "Pragmatics."
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How long does it take to a journal indexed in the "Emerging Sources Citation Index" get an Impact Factor? What is the future of journals indexed in Emerging Sources Citation Index?
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Clarivate announced that starting with 2023 ESCI-indexed journals will also be assigned an impact factor. See: https://clarivate.com/blog/clarivate-announces-changes-to-the-2023-journal-citation-reports-release/
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Hi frds,
quite stunning what people do, when they have access to simple chat functions on a smart phone? Doxxing seems to be the gold standard, especially during a pandemic. Seems free speech may have adverse consequences.
Therefore, given the exponential possibilities of telecommunication devices, do we need some sort of ethical passport before being allowed to use telecommunication devices?
Cherish your feedback.
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In my opoinion, yes, as in a simple communication. There is not difference.
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Hello good time
What metals can be used in the design of high frequency devices such as Coaxial transmission lines , waveguides, coaxial to waveguide adapters? (Diamagnetic, paramagnetic or ferromagnetic)
For example, can I use tungsten rod , which has a magnetic permeability coefficient of 1, to build a coaxial transmission line? (What is the appropriate magnetic permeability number for the metal used to have low insertion loss(S21)?)
Thank You
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Fundamentals of microwave and RF Design by Michael Steer, NC State.
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I want complete information about calibration methods of Network Analyzer. I want step-by-step calibration steps.
Is it better to measure waveguide components SOLT or TRL ??
What is the difference between SOLT and TRL?
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See
I believe that equation 6 may be wrong and the signs in both top brackets should be negative.
You can generalise the equations to use any three different calibration loads (I think), but it is best if they are significantly different from each other.
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Quantum world appears mysterious as of now. Quantum Communications is likely to open newer dimensions in Telecommunications. Quantum key description (QKD) brings in security of by its ability to detect any attempt of intrusion/hacking. What are the Quantum Communications Technologies which may gain popularity at par with QKD ?
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Is it suggestable to publish my work on Telecommunication System..
is it a SCI free journal or not???
and i'm not sue about its reputation.
plz suggest..
TQ
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If you talk about the journal “Telecommunication Systems” published by Springer Nature on website https://www.springer.com/journal/11235 then it is absolutely fine. They are:
-Published by good publisher
-Scopus indexed https://www.scopus.com/sourceid/21916 with CiteScore 4.9
-Indexed in Clarivate’s SCIE with impact factor of 2.314
Do you have another journal in mind (and other website)? If not then you can try this one safely.
Best regards.
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Reconfigurable Intelligent Surfaces (RIS/IRS) research area has received too much hype by academia, but very little attention from Industry and telecom companies around the world (except for ZTE, which is doing something not really exactly IRS, but they call it IRS to benefit from the insane hype going on in order to market and promote their products).
So, if anyone knows the reason for this, then please share your thought with the research community to provide the researchers with new insights and help save them time, effort, and money.
My humble thought is that the reason why RIS/IRS didn't get the attention of companies is because of the fact that most of the research related to Reconfigurable Intelligent Surfaces (RIS/IRS) is built on top of many impractical assumptions.
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My humble thought on that is this Reconfigurable Intelligent Surfaces (RIS/IRS) didn't get the attention and interest of the industry because most of the research conducted on Reconfigurable Intelligent Surfaces (RIS/IRS) is built on top of many impractical assumptions.
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In all the papers and books that I read, only the DC channel gain of the VLC system is studied without any further justification. How can we know for sure that the channel doesn't affect the frequency of the light? What would the spectrum of the channel look like with an LED modulated in OOK?
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The PD peak gain may be detected with just DC to measure the line loss as baseband frequency response is not usually the limiting factor except in extreme cases then using "eye patterns"
But the minimum signal for high speed is often >5% of peak to prevent reverse saturation. Thus there may be two Signal/Noise or SNR ratios for a 1,0 logic levels. The choice of levels for OOK depends on the SNR for each levels with noise and path loss and speed effects from Tx modulation methods and diode capacitance at 0V.
Jahid is overlooking that 630 nm to >1 um Red to IR is certainly the carrier like RF that has a loss factor [dB/km] and the photodiode, PD is the baseband detector to convert wavelength power to current.
If we can use "RG", then we can use OOK because those familiar will understand. But in all technical presentations, all abbrev.'s are defined first to avoid errors.
Generally, open loop DC gain and unity gain BW are both needed for baseband transimpedance amplifiers (TIA) to find the product of DC gain and unity gain fmax to get a gain-bandwidth (GBW) specification.
Unless it is a video broadband uncompensated amplifier, it will have an internal integrator cap that creates this GBW with very high gain and common Op Amp breakpoints are 10 Hz as a LPF..
Once does not really need DC gain for some bandband protocols such as bi-phase, FM, PSK, but OOK needs sufficient transitions to restore DC or actual DC coupling.
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Hello to all
Two questions
1. Does the use of metals with high magnetic permeability, such as iron alloy in the waveguide, cause insertion losses?
2- What about chrome or copper plating?
If you know the article in this field, please introduce it. Thank you
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Please find the attached files.
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Hello .
I want to design and build a waveguide load in X Band.
1- How to design that the VSWR is maximum 1.1? (What should I use inside the waveguide, what material? With what dimensions?)
2-How to test it with Network Analyzer after making it?
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Buy a sheet of microwave absorber, cut a long triangle with a sharp point and glue it to one large wall of the waveguide with the point pointing towards where the power comes from, or glue two to both large walls. The longer the triangle and the sharper the point the better the match, generally. You can do it with stepped absorbers, or a pyramidal absorber too. It is hard to design to a vswr of 1.1 unless you design a stepped absorber and are very sure of its complex dielectric and magnetic constants, but making a taper longer will usually improve the vswr. The sharpness of the point is important. If it needs to cope with high power the sharpness of the point can be a problem because it may melt if the absorber has high absorption.
You could glue it to the side walls but it may need to be longer, depending whether the loss is magnetic or resistive.
You can also use a vane of nichrome on kapton film between slits on the centre-lines of the wide faces of the waveguide. If you do this you can adjust the way it tapers in while looking at the S11. https://www.dupont.com/products/kapton-rs.html might also be suitable.
You can test it on a Vector Network Analyser (VNA) with a good coax to waveguide adaptor. 1.1 vswr is about -26 dB so if you want to be reasonably accurate the adaptor needs to have S11 less than -40, unless you can calibrate on the waveguide side, using waveguide open short and load, for instance.
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I want to parse signals coming from 4G/5G towers to extract only the ID of the tower and the transmission time (on simplex communication: only downlink). Are these packets (or frames) sent on a regular time interval ?
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You can down load the several software like net monitor in your mobile and you can check the network health ' data rate (TX and rx) tower id, RSSI ' signal to noise ratio etc in stationary as well as in state of mobility .G-net is also useful for primary investigation respective to the different channel ( BCCH' TCH ETC).
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Assalaamu alaikum
As a faculty member of Engineering in a university, I wish to have clear idea as to how should we adapt ourselves with respect to following scenarios on the verge of 4th industrial revolution:
1. How should the subjects taught change in the domain of Electrical, Electronic, Telecommunication and Computer domain in engineering?
2. What role should industries play in developing contents of local universities?
3. How should the teaching learning methodologies evolve?
4. Should the assessment procedure remain same? Or should we move on from formative exam based assessments to project based ones?
5. How much role should industries play in the teaching learning activities of universities e.g. industrial trainings, taking interns, arranging seminars and workshops, short training courses etc.
6. How should industries use the universities in solving their novel problems through sponsoring researches in universities.
Please note that, i come from a country where university-industry collaboration is still a relatively new term. Looking for expert opinions from colleagues around the world.
Please feel free to answer any of the topics or add your own discussion outside the topics but relevant to the subject matter. Hoping to see some engaging discussion that will enlighten us all.
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Very important question , It is very important to update the University curriculum to cope with fast changes in the technologies in the current era and these changes have to be big changes
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All,
I need your suggestions/ideas on M.Tech dissertation topics in DataScience in NMS/EMS preferably in Telecommunication domain. Thanks in advance.
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If you are interested in assessing the performance of modelling approaches, please let me recommend these works:
If your topic assumes the comparison of alternative approaches, the FEW-L1 workflow presented in the article above can be used.
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Hello researchers,
I need help with a dataset for calculating/ modelling path losses for telecommunications and satellite communications.
It will be great to have a load of literature on how to model path losses.
How did the Egil model was achieved?
Regards
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There is a chapter in the book: Advanced electronic communication systems by G. Tomasi that has a chapter about satellite communications. There is an example hoe one calculates the link budget between the satellite and the ground stations.
The satellite link is a line of sight channel model with the effect of elevation angel and the additional path loss due to fog and rain.
Best wishes
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In the area of electronic banking, including mobile banking, commercial banks improve technological solutions for the use of smartphones for the purpose of conducting financial transactions by clients.
Commercial banks spend the most resources on developing security systems, reducing gaps in online banking systems used by cybercriminals and improving IT systems risk management procedures.
The changes taking place in online banking, including mobile banking, are currently determined primarily by the technological progress related to telecommunications and IT devices.
In view of the above, the current question is: Determinants of the development of mobile banking?
Please, answer, comments.
I invite you to the discussion.
Dear Friends and Colleagues of RG
I described the problem of cybercrime in publications:
I invite you to discussion and cooperation.
Thank you very much
Best wishes
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Technology by E and I transaction
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Kindly suggest which routing algorithm is better to implement for finding the optimal route in wireless adhoc networks? 
Performance criteria :end to end delay , packet delivery ratio, throughput
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There is no specific answer to your question. to choose the best routing algorithm in an Ad hoc network you must specify the type of application, the size of the network, and the mobility model.
The most known routing protocols are
1- AODV and DSR as reactive protocols.
2- OLSR and DSDV as proactive Protocols.
3- ZRP and TORA as Hebrid Protocols.
I recommend to read and cite the related paper
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My experience is that if teleconferencing must be used, it is best to have 100% of the participants access the teleconference individually. If all participants access the teleconference individually, regardless of whether the video feature is used, engagement is higher. If some of the participants are clustered in groups, there is almost always "side bar" or private conversations that detract from the overall effectiveness of the meeting. A single participant, or small group of participants clustered together, simply cannot compete with a larger group, especially if the meeting leader/facilitator is located with the large group! Does any research substantiate my experience?
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Revered Professor Kurt Anderson,
Here the question is that there are two concepts are hidden in it.
One is the Access and the other is Utilisation of those teleconferencing mode of the technology.
Of course, it could be a uniform access for every single user either group or individual.
The term Utilisation could be in group or individual or collectively but it depends up on the interest of the users mind and capabilities.
I agree with the answer of the Professor Dariusz Prokopowicz that latest teleconferencing mode is highly suitable for every one because the synchronization is possible with all the users finally.
According to the research point of view is that online video conferencing equally benefitted by the all users at a time.
This is more important during the pandemic period to all the users. There are some limitations but it has great utility concern.
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I need help with Queuing theory, easy explanation to M/M/C?
What are the parameters of the M/M/C queuing model?
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This is a personal rewording of ideas expressed by A. S. Tanenbaum at its book Distributed Operating Systems, but applied to communications:
It can be proven ( http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/M/M/1_model Kleinrock, 1974) that the mean time between issuing a request to send a message and getting it completely transmitted, T (queueing time + service), is related to lambda (arrival rate in packets/s) and mu (mean service time) by the formula T = 1/(mu - lambda).
Consider a communication link at 64 kbit/s processing packets with exponentially distributed lengths with average packet size of 50 bytes, then the mean service time (1/mu) is 6.25 ms and this link should be able to handle up to 160 packet/s (maximum lambda). If it just gets 120 packets/s, then the mean Tx time will be 25 ms.
Suppose now that we have n communication lines at 64 kbit/s processing the same type of packets (average length 50 bytes exponentially distributed) at an arrival rate of 120 packets/s. The mean Tx time is the same, 25 ms. Now consider what happens if we use a single link able to send packets at n.64 kbit/s. Instead of having n communication lines at 64 kbit/s we got a single communication line n times faster, with an input rate n.lambda and a service rate n.mu, so the mean response time has got divided by n also.
This surprising result says that by replacing n small communications links by a big one that is n times faster, we can reduce the average response time n-fold ( http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Queueing_model#Multiple-servers_queue ).
This result is extremely general and applies to a large variety of systems. It is one of the main reasons that airlines prefer to fly a 300 seat 747 once every 5 hours to a 10 seat business jet every 10 minutes.
Dividing the communications capacity into small channels, each with few users statically assigned, is a poor match to a workload of randomly arriving requests. Much of the time, a few lines are busy, even overloaded, but most are idle. It is this wasted time that is eliminated in the high speed single link and the reason it gives better overall performance.
In fact, this queueing theory result is also one of the main arguments against having distributed systems at all and argues in favour of concentrating the computing power as much as possible.
However, mean response time is not everything. There are also arguments in favour of small channels and distributed systems, such as cost. In general, the cost of N single resources of cost C is N.C, but the cost of a single resource N times better is C^N, or it can be impossible to build it at any price. Reliability and fault tolerance are also factors to consider.
Moreover, it must be considered that for some users, a low variance in service time may be perceived as more important than the mean response time itself, specially for interactive applications. Consider for example web browsing through your own ADSL line, on which asking for the same page to be displayed always takes 500 ms (at least if served from the central office cache). Now consider web browsing on a shared high speed link on which asking for the next page takes 5 ms 95% of the time and 5 s one time in 20. Even though the mean here is twice as good as on the private ADSL line, the users may consider the performance intolerable. On the other hand, to the user running P2P file transfers, the high speed link may win hands down.
A possible compromise is to provide both options, providing each user with a small single amount of reserved capacity for interactive tasks such as web browsing and running all non-interactive transfers (e.g. P2P, mail, SFTP...) on the rest of shared bandwidth of a high speed link.
A related joke read on the Embedded Muse 223: Why does *my* queue at the supermarket usually move the slowest?
You compare yours to the ones on either side. The odds of yours being
the fastest are 1 in 3 if you compare yours to the immediately adjacent
queues, 1 in 5 if you look at two lines on either side, etc. If you
want to feel better about it, join the queue all the way on the end and
you'll have fewer others against which to measure.
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Russian project to explore the moons of Jupiter after 2030 will be based on the nuclear propulsion spacecraft "Nuklon" with an electrical energy power of 0.5 MW. Such energy power gives the opportunity to significantly increase a data transfer performance to Earth. In my opinion, the speed of data transfer can be increase to 100 Mbit/sec. This value will be enough to use 4K Video for the investigation of dynamic processes in the atmosphere of Jupiter and moons. What is your opinion about this?
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I did confuse confuse bandwidth with delay a bit, but not in recent comments, I think, because I realised I was doing it.
Unless the entangled pairs are prepared on earth and then half are sent to Jupiter on the satellite, which would require coherence lifetimes of years (many orders of magnitude above present lifetimes), a signal has to be sent from Jupiter at lightspeed (for instance a photon entangled with the state on Jupiter) to convey the entanglement information between the two sites before the quantum measurement, so that the half of the entangled state can be set up on earth. This means that the actual data rate is still limited by the bandwidth of the lightspeed signals, even if data can be sent with no delay,
I guess if zero delay was possible, it would still be useful, for things like steering a remote vehicle, or conversation.
I expect that each entangled state will carry 1 bit, one Q-bit.
I am not sure instantaneous communication will ever happen. It may. I don't understand it enough to be sure it can't work. I hope it may be possible. It would also raise lots of interesting problems with relativity. I wouldn't invest my pension on it, but I might invest fun money.
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Following an influential analysis published in February, a team of Stanford University researchers has conducted the first large survey into the very modern phenomenon of "Zoom Fatigue."Over the last year, millions of people have been working from home. Meetings previously conducted in person suddenly shifted to video conferencing platforms such as Zoom. And as 2020 progressed, more and more people started noticing a unique kind of exhaustion at the end of a day filled with video meetings. Referred to as "Zoom Fatigue," this new phenomenon is now the subject of novel academic research. https://newatlas.com/telecommunications/stanford-zoom-fatigue-first-study-women-more-affected/
So, what do you know about "zoom fatigue" ...Who are the groups most vulnerable to it ??? And why ??? Can its effects be minimized ???
All comments and contributions are welcome.
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Manal Hadi Kanaan amazing answers by the experts and I do agree with most of the experts particularly with Len Leonid Mizrah Ranjan Parekh Gioacchino de Candia Terekh Alexandr M. their comments are in line with your question and yes even if I try to answer this question my answer would be the same..
Most important being the EYE Strain and the above answer by Len Leonid Mizrah gives you the detailed explanation about the same
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The problem of data transmission from Mars to Earth is a big latency time. Could quantum entanglement communication reduce this latency?
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Very interesting question, but also very difficult to know any research in this regard, Prof. Vadym Slyusar. It is a military secret.
The military revealed information regarding optical fiber communications entanglement * (ARL, 2019), but not entanglement in space.
Best Regards.
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Can someone help me to solve this task below.
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What i can’t understundom you Kenechukwu Emmanuel Umeh
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I am try to build a system model where intelligent reflecting surface is used to enhance the receiver's SNR depending on the position of the receiver.
Based on what I read, a signal is scattered at the atom level and constructive/ destructive superposition is used to direct the signal to a certain user. My question is: Can the signal be directed to a user behind the IRS?
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Sure, if two users are located in the same angular direction but at different distances, the reflected beam can be partially directed to both of them. You can find an example of this on Figure 10 of https://arxiv.org/pdf/2002.04960.pdf
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Hello everyone!
I'm starting a research about externalities in networks (specifically, in airlines networks) as my thesis to finish my Master in Telecommunications Engeneering. I would really appreciate any suggestion from experts, recommendations of papers, articles, books etc.
I will post any updates!
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I find the link provided by Salah Uddin very appropriate.
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I am a master student and i am working on my research, so I am a bit confuse don't really know how to match computer with telecommunication as a topic
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In digital communications the digital signal processing is carried out by computing platforms such as digital signal processors.
There are newly the new technology of realizing the communication systems by the software developed technology. Therefore there are the computing platforms developed for such software radio and software network devices.
In fact all the communication equipment have computer cores and the communication functions are peripheral functions.
To you knowledge there is intensive communication inside the computer where the data are transferred from the memory to the processor and vice versa. Also the input output functions are data communication functions.
As for the networks there was the old circuit switched and the modern packet switched intended for use in data communication.
Now most circuits are packet switched which means the communications converges to all data communications.
The communication functions and the computer functions are unified with each other to evolve the information and communication technology.
The computer became a core device in the communication systems and networks.
Best wishes
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I have a research project on Telecommunications line testing terminal and I want to know some of the research shortcomings.
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@Mani Gupta and AKBisht, thank you so much for your responses. They are really helpful.
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Red Compartida or Whole Shared Network is a project headed by the Ministry of Communications and Transportation (SCT) of the Government of the Republic, in coordination with the Federal Telecommunications Institute (IFT). Its development contemplates the coverage of Magical Towns like Artega, Coahuila.
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Hello everyone.
I install the receving antenna for my receiver on the same tower that have broadcast-FM antenna . The broadcast-FM transmitter operate around 15 kiloWatts and the distance between those antenna are not so far (<<< 5 metre vertically).
Now I feel that my receiver can't pickup low signal and sometime when the broadcast-FM transmitter went under the routine maintainance, Everything is back as it was.
What problem am I facing ?
and If I want to solve this problem what should I do ?
Thank you
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I will not repeat the answer that you need to either a very sharp band pass filter.
But such filter will be expensive. May be one of the solutions is to use a notch filter built in a form of trap shunting the output of the antenna or the bandpass filter. Normal this trap is built by a series resonant circuit shunting the existing filter.
The other solution is to make the polarization of your antenna perpendicular to the the polarization of the FM broadcast.
Best wishes
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I am working on simulating two wave with diffuse power fading channel in MATLAB but not able to implement it. Can any one please provide the pseudo code or matlab file for the same
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I am trying to begin a new field of research with experimental works in the areas of wireless communications. What are the recent hot and interesting topics in this area?
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May be the most interesting topic is the investigation and implementation of massive MIMO mobile communication systems. As the number of beam formed increases with controlled interference the spectral density increases leading to much higher bandwidth and number of users.
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  1. In the performance analysis of modern wireless communication systems like the scenario of factory automation with 5G URLLC, which path loss model will be suitable and appropriate to assume?
  2. Any comments on the recent empirical findings regarding the same?
Thanks in advance.
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Use log normal _shadowing path loss model in microcell region if factory area is confined within 500 meters of radius. You will have to consider the several case...
1_ within building
2_From building to open space.
3_within open space
3_open space with scatters etc
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A need to check different aspects of Teledentistry in COVID-19 situation.
A need to discuss on the topic.
Reply or feedback on various content of the topic is welcomed.
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There are a lot of aspects to talk about regarding teledentistry. Here are some articles on the topic.
This is a good question and it should be added that teledentistry has long been existing, yet the existence of COVID-19 highlighted it. Sub-questions should or may also be added for an in-depth discussion on teledentistry.
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In rural or urban areas where home density is very low, the prohibitive cost of trenching cables across the countryside often leaves remote areas with poor or nonexistent broadband Internet connections. Now we are thinking about how to overcome this problem using a significant solution.
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I think hybrid system RF/FSO consider a good option.
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In 3GPP LTE  system which detection method is better?
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Nice Question Sunita Kumari , Following
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Hello Everyone,
I need this paper "Intelligent Resource Scheduling for 5G Radio Access Network Slicing ". Can anyone download it for me.
Thank you so much.
Rizwan Munir
Beijing University of Post and Telecommunications.
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Could you check my papers, reply to your question Rizwan Munir
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Here, i am suggesting the use of market basket analysis as follows:
1) Getting user features (e.g. usage, demographic, etc.)
2) Segmenting customers into groups based on their features.
3) Identifying purchasing/spending behavior regarding previous offers.
4) Use association rule mining (or market basket analysis) to extract rules.
5) Use these rules to give predictions about the next best offer for each user.
Any suggestions/improvements/notes are welcome. Thank you.
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Dear Mohammed ,
First You need to do market survey of offers of opponent companies and then create the best possible offers for the customers by taking into considerations of theirs needs and locations and accordingly you can upgrade/create the offers in long run in Telecommunication so the customer can get the best offer as per your predictions and in the next slot the best offer for each customer can be made available.
All the best!!!
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Hello All,
I am presently enrolled as an MSc Electrical Engineering (Telecommunication Option). I have finished my coursework and about to engage in my research but I am having difficult in getting a Research Proposal Topic. I actually want to work in Satellite Communication but also finding it difficult to narrow the area of interest. With this, I am kindly asking for your assistance/guidance or any suggestion that might help. Thank you for considering my request and look forward to hearing from you.
Kind regards,
Sajor Barrie.
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Dear Sajor,
welcome,
As an electronic engineer i would like to propose you developing on board communication systems for on board satellite and in the ground station
for both control and pay load. You can choose from picosatellite up to microsatellite. The development effort covers the hard the specifications, the hardware design , the software development, the testing and trouble shooting.
Best wishes
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Presently, there are 7 layers of OSI(Open Systems Interconnection) model in telecommunication:-
1. Physical layer
2. Data link layer
3. Network layer
4. Transport layer
5. Session layer
6. Presentation layer
7. Application layer
So, the root question is can the no. of elements in the 7 layers of OSI model be decreased to fewer elements? And if yes. Then what are the elements can be eliminated in the communication networking?
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Pierre A. Millette
Sir!
In classical communication system, for every information to be sent between parties, signal has to be processed through the 7 layers,i.e., every time the message has to cover thousands of miles via optical fibers and electronic devices to be conveyed across. So, a number of electrical and electronic elemental devices are needed. But, in quantum communication, the central idea is conveying entangled qubits(say photons) and the rest will be take cared by the entangled qubits due to quantum mechanics and hence electrical and electronic devices will only be needed to convey the entangled qubits once. So, the circuit elements in the OSI model should decrease but the 7 layers stay the 7 layers.
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hello everyone,
according to your experiences in paper's submission, can you propose to me a scientific journal related to the field of networks and communications with an acceptable impact factor, and a shorter reviewing duration.
thank you
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The Journal "Telecommunication Systems) has an Impact Factor 1.707
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We know that the equation of refractivity has 3 parameters (Ambient temperature, relative humidity, and atmospheric vapour pressure which relates to atmospheric pressure) as recommended by the International Telecommunication Union (ITU). My question seeks to find out if an alternative equation can be modeled and how???
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If you have data set of certain performance parameters such as the refractive index epsilon at different temperatures, different humility and atmospheric pressure. You can start with a physical model describing such performance.
Periodically you can express the relations in the form:
EPSILONr= 1 + alpha T (T-T0) + alpha h(h-h0) + alpha p(p-p0),
alpha T is the first order temperature coefficient, alpha h is the linear humidity coefficient and alpha p is the linear pressure coefficient. T0,h0,and p0 is the reference point.
If the linear terms are not sufficient one can add quadratic terms until one gets satisfactory fitting between epsilon and the three independent parameters
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What is the maximum speed of user at which GSM link can perform?
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The highest speed of the user during the communication session is determined by the maximum allowed doppler shift variations as the Doppler shift causes fast fading in the channel. This fast fading can be equalized up to some extent and so one has to limit speed of the vehicles to make the distortion affordable and the quality of service acceptable.
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In attachment you may found the list of web-links towards around 30 PPP, post-processing programmes and on-line post-processing services.
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When Carrier Aggregation and cross-carrier scheduling are applied in LTE-Advanced system, UE may support multiple Component Carriers (CC) and control information on one CC can allocate radio resource on another CC. Search space of all CCs and control information is only transmitted from a chosen CC. In this case, if search spaces of different CCs are not properly defined, high blocking probability of control information will be very harmful to system performance.
My Question is: What is the cause of this blocking, is it deficiency of control channel elements to served, scheduled UE or what?
My guess is not but I have no proof of this. Can any expert help?
For now, I assume either self-overlapping or high mutual over-lapping of the UEs' search spaces as the likely cause of blocking.
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The main responsible guys behind Blocking users are Available CCEs and the Schedular one design to get the user fit into this If the hash function gives the indices which are already occupied then user can't get scheduled resulting in getting blocked. I hope the mentioned point makes sense to understand the reason for blocking users. Kindly refer to this to understand clearly.
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Assuming that a cellular operator is currently using FDD LTE spectrum, how difficult (in terms of the cost and the required changes to the system) is to switch to TDD? Is it technically possible to use the same spectrum but for TDD? If not, why is that so? Is there any legacy issue? And last but not least, how difficult is for an operator to add TDD 5G to its FDD LTE network?
I would appreciate your opinion.
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Dear Shaharm,
There are basic changes that must be made change the system from FDD to TDD.
These changes may be deep such that it is better to install a new system operating using TDD time division duplexing.
My opinion is based on the required following changes:
There is a deep change in the physical layer especially the rf front end, the A/D and the D/A converter in the transmitter and the receiver. Duplexing will be also changed
There will be also change in the control layer including the data link layer.
The controllers of this layer will be changed to control the data flow on the wireless link.
The higher layers may not need any changes such as the network layer and the application layers.
I think technically the matter is complicated to modify FDD system to work in TDD mode.
May be with using the SDR software defined radio one can see these modes of operation in the early conception and design satges.
What i said remain as my insight to the problem.
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  • The majority of university professors are from their specific field where they were trained
  • It is likely that an expert professor of his discipline or professional specialty will allow him to transmit the specific knowledge to his students; but nothing ensures that in reality this happens
  • At present, university professors are hired not only for having a bachelor's degree or a degree; but also, for its competence in telecommunications and computer science, for being an indispensable tool in all human knowledge and doing activities
  • University professors, experts in their discipline and competent in communication and computer science, are more likely to have a successful teaching practice
  • Training in Pedagogy or Education Sciences, are already indispensable in university professors to be better teachers, for the management in methodology and instruments to improve the significant learning of their students
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Well, what I believe, it is may be depending on the situations and level of educational institutions as well as grades of student. And certainly professor have to be experienced in their own discipline.
Regards,
MJ Khan
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Different companding methods such as μ-law, hyperbolic tangent, exponential, linear symmetric transforms, linear asymmetric transforms and threshold log companding are used for PAPR reduction in OFDM.
Is there any other efficient companding methods?
Besides, is there any other method of PAPR reduction in OFDM except companding?
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Dear Abdullah,
welcome,
There are some methods to reduce the peak to average power ratio of the OFDM signal to lower their dynamic range during transmission needing smaller power amplifier. If you go to my research page you will find most of the methods used for this purpose: https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Abdelhalim_Zekry/research
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I have a Bsc Physics and Solar Energy degree and I'm presently considering a master degree in telecommunication. I want to combine wireless communication with solar energy.
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Wireless power transmission is utilized for con tactless power transmission instead of plug-in connectors. It is used also for powering wireless sensor network nodes and sensors and biomedical devices. You can search for more applications for wireless power transfer.
My opinion is to use a intelligent wireless sensor network to control, supervise and maintain the PV power generators. You can combine it with internet of things to manage multiple PV stations.
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What do you notice changes in behavior, sociological changes in societies in connection with the advancement of telecommunications technologies?
More and more information is contained in our smartphones? More and more practical information, contacts etc. are archived in smartphones without remembering them.
Once, in the era of fixed-line telephony, people knew by heart the telephone number, whereas now in the era of mobile telephony, mobile, when all information is stored on a smartphone, people remember less and less.
In connection with the above, it is an example of the progressive changes in behavior, sociological changes in societies in connection with the progress of information and telecommunications technologies.
Do you notice these changes?
What are you noticing other progressive changes in behavior, sociological changes in societies in connection with the progress of information and telecommunications technologies?
Please reply
Best wishes
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This is interesting query. I think there are two ways to think about it. Firstly, we have extended ourselves and our information about other groups and cultures on a scale that is expansive and incredibl. Secondly, people have distanced themselves from others sitting next to them and become lonely. Overall, I feel that we are gathering more psychological space in our devices but have no real time sense of people's lives and events happening right in front of us.
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In Uganda and Kenya, there are services termed as mobile money. Where by business transactions are done by phone by telecommunication companies. They also lend money to public like banks. Is it good for economy?
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Lending by bank. Medium of lending provided by telecommunication company. I think that's fine
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telecommunication and signal processing
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5G will use some paradigms like cells densification, Massive MIMO, and mmWave. Many issues can be of interest to solve like Channel estimation in mmWave/Massive MIMO, Detection in Massive MIMO, Power optimization, Hybrid beamforming, Machine learning applied in telecommunication, Vehicle2vehicle communication, IoT security and so on..
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I'm trying to eveluate pathloss but I already habpve values for RSS and for distance between BTS and mobile phone
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It would depend on the model being used. In simplest of cases, for a Free Space Path Loss model, the following holds
Free Space Path Loss= (4πd/λ)2 (In terms of Wavelength)
Free Space Path Loss= (4πdf/c)2 (In terms of Frequency)
  • d: Distance between Transmitter and Receiver.
  • λ : Wavelength of signal
  • f: Frequency of signal
  • c: Speed of light
In decibels, this would be equivalent to
Free Space Path Loss (dB) = 20 log (d) + 20 log(f) + 32.44
Should you decide to calculate FSPL, the
Free Space Path Loss Calculator in below given link can be used. (Set Antenna gains to unity)
Hope it helps.
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In telecommunications, a transmission system is a system which transmits a signal from one place to another. The signal can be an electrical, optical or radio signal.
Can we consider some of the human body systems as transmission systems and then model it using telecommunications' concepts for better understanding?
If we do, can someone please provides some examples of these systems and determines their basic elements(message, transmitter, medium and receiver)?
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Dear Mahdi,
This question is an interesting one as it invokes the analogy between the electrical communication systems and the signal transmission in the human body.
Any communications system consists of information sources, transmitters, transmission medium receiver and communication destination.
At first i would like to speak about the signal transmission medium in the human body. The main medium of the transmission in the human body is the water.
Water is a dipolar material and serves as a solvent for the substances supplied to the human body. It solves the slats including sodium chloride and forms an electrolyte capable to conduct electricity by its positive sodium ions and negative chlor ions. So, the electricity conduction is an ionic conduction. The generation of electrical signals is by electrochemical effect.
The system responsible for the sensation is the nervous systems where it generates the electrical signals in form of electrical pulses and transfer it from the a part of the body to the brain or from the brain to an intended part of the body. The brain is responsible for processing, taking actions and storing the signal in its memory cells. Th humans tried to mimic the function of the nervous system by introducing the so called Neural network.
The information is generated by sensors at skin of the human body. It is generated also by the ears and eyes. All of these sensors work as transducers converting the nonelectrical signals int electrical signals conducted by the Nerves to the central spinal cord then to the brain and back from the brain to the different organs to control them.
So the brain can be considered a source an destination of the information. It also stores and process the information to take decisions.
Signals also are generated by the transducers and some of them work as a destination. The communication system can be considered wire line one transmitting base band signals directly through conducting wires.
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Without using triangulation, how might one broadcast a signal that would only be picked up by one antenna out of the many present?  Or, if not one antenna, then perhaps just a few close by.  These antenna are not stationary.  We can use any frequency that we want, although a higher frequency would be best.  Each antenna has a slightly different Q, length, and width.
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Using directional antenna for one receiver would make it large antenna to concentrate the radiation in small angle making it very directive. If one could make a pencil like beam this would be a very suitable solution. It will also very power efficient. The ability of the designing antennas with high directivity increases with the increase of the frequency. If the use of optical communication system is allowed, then one can use laser beams. The use of MIMO system can be used to focus the radiation on an intended direction and null it in other specific radiation.
A second solution is to use a coded transmissions. such those used in the code division multiple accessing. The one which is very simple is to encrypt the data transmitted such that it can be only decrypted by the one who has the key.
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Forward Error Correction (FEC) schemes square measure a necessary a part of wireless communication systems. The number of symbols inside the availability encoded message is enlarged in an passing controlled manner thus on facilitate a pair of basic demands at the receiver one is Error detection and alternative is Error correction. In telecommunication and data theory, forward error correction (FEC) (also referred to as channel coding]) may be a system of error management for knowledge transmission, whereby the sender adds consistently generated redundant knowledge to its messages, additionally referred to as associate error-correcting code (ECC). In digital electronic systems, data is painted in binary format (1's and 0's).When binary data is passed from one purpose to a different, there's continually some likelihood that a slip-up are often made; a one understood as a zero or a 0 taken to be a 1. This can be caused by media defects, electronic noise, component failures, poor connections, deterioration due to age, and other factors. When a bit is mistakenly interpreted, a bit error has occurred. Error correction is the process of detecting bit errors and correcting them and can be done in software or hardware. For high data rates, error correction must be done in special-purpose hardware because software is too slow. A group of bits in a computer has conventionally been referred to as a "word.” Each bit can be thought of as one of two "letters,” 0 or 1. Error correcting systems add extra or "redundant" letters to computer words. The extra letters (bits) add a certain structure to each word. If that structure is altered by errors, the changes can be detected and corrected.
Papers:
Rolf Johannesson and Kamil Sh. Zigangirov. Fundamentals of Convolutional Coding. IEEE Press, 1998.
Zou Decai Nat. Time Service Center, Chinese Acad. Of Sci.Lintong, Lu Xiaochum; Wu Haitao; Xu Jinsong,“Implementation of convolutional code based on FPGAIn OFDM-UWB system” Industrial Electronics and Application, 2008. ICIEA 2008,Pp 1119-1122.
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The convolutional encoder does not present any challenge at all. The complexity with convolutional codes is the decoder. The complexity of the encoder is insignificant.
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I am an undergraduate in final year first degree. I am in search of project topic relating to telecommunication to work on. A project that at the end will be useful to the society and be a solution to a problem.
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Daer Okai
Thousands of final year projects on the topic you need can be obtained easily, just write on the Google search engine " Final year telecommunication Projects", you will receive massive of sites that help you to choose what fits you.
Good Luck.
Prof. S. EL-Rabaie
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Hi,
Is there any research going on which is based on applying photovoltaic techniques(or Photovoltaic Systems) in telecommunication?
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Photovoltaic electricity generators are becoming even feasible for grid connected PV systems for domestic use. In supplying the communication equipment with electric power they are used in the remote area far from the public grid. They are used in combination combined with diesel generators. In the desert roads i saw many such installations for the mobile network.
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While calculating LO SSB integrated phase noise we need to specify minimum and maximum offset frequencies and phase noise profile within the limits. How to chose the practical minimum and maximum offset to calculate the integrated phase noise.
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Hi Bikshu
Phase noise contributes measurement noise when a phase-sensitive comparison is made between a reference signal and an earlier version of the same signal, usually with phase information added to it.
For example, a coherent radar transmits a pulse derived from a reference oscillator. The electromagnetic wave bounces off a target and returns to the radar, delayed by the transit time to the target and back. In the radar receiver the phase of the received echo signal is compared with the phase of the reference oscillator.
Phase information from repeated measurements may be used to determine the Doppler shift from a moving target.
Phase noise causes the phase measurements to be noisy.
The phase noise for each measurement is determined by the integral of the phase noise. The upper limit of integration is determined by the system bandwidth. The lower limit depends on the time delay of the echo signal. The lower limit frequency of integration is taken as the inverse of the time delay of the return signal.
The phase noise contributes white noise to a series of measurements since each measurement is an independent experiment.
Regards
Pieter
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Is there any formulae relating to this or we increase or decrease the number of symbols
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Dear Bhanu,
welcome,
To generate data bursts you can use random number generators function in mat lab and its controls. For code examples please refer to the Matlab page:https://www.mathworks.com/help/matlab/random-number-generation.htm
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I am looking for a a simulator which can best simulate mobile telecommunication data like calls made, calls blocked etc. Any assistance will be highly appreciated.
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I need to buy a telemetry system and I need help. I want DSI but I have better price offers. My problem is that I do not know if the data provided by other producers are real or not.
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Is Brett's choice of system giving you trouble?
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I have visited the link as mention below to download the simulator.
But the software will be provided by emailing them a letter from university and I haven't got enough time for that. Please help.
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Hi Harini, do you have any idea on how to run the codes?
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The telecommunications data transmission analysis requires analytical modelling techniques to ass the Quality of Service Provision.
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Traffic models or patterns, especially in an optical switched network depend on several parameters such as model traffic transfer that may follow probabilistic behavior, especially during a conflict between data granularity in the core node. After the switching process, the core node can change the behavior of the traffic based on the methods used to resolve contention issues.
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Hello,
Can anyone please tell me what's the average time review for this journal : Location Based Services ,
And can anyone recommend an journal scopus indexed with a fast review time in field wireless communication or telecommunication in general !
Thanks,
Best regards,
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Dear Rida, If you are looking for a fast response journal listed in Scopus, try JATIT,,
Wish u all the best
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Fintech, is a term that is used a lot but not necessarily understood by everyone because it encompasses a breadth of players, products and issues as well as straddling the financial and several other sectors including telecommunications, retail, data analytics and device manufacturing. What unites these sectors is the “tech” in Fintech. Technology has always been a driver of growth and innovation in business but none more so than in the financial services sector. Understanding a combination of economics, finance, technology, government policy, regulation, strategy and importantly social and customer trends helps us to understand how innovation is accelerating change. Available at http://www.openuniversity.edu/courses/short-courses/bg024?
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Please I need a succinct explanation of what FINTECH is all about.
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representation drawings of principles and techniques in telecommunications.
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thanks for response, am looking for a software to easelly draw figures who contains some icons like BTS icon , antenas , UE and other technical equipements. i dont know if "office 365" is the best choice for this or ther is somthing else. tank you
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Smart Computational devices and Ubiquitous Connectivity require high bandwidth, which drives Telecommunications Industry to innovate.
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Interesting...
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I want to explain briefly the EMR that comes from Telecommunication towers
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Dear Bhaskar Gupta ,
Do you know why India has reduced maximum field strength by a factor of 10.
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How does a CoMP scheduler work? Also what are the differences with conventional schedulers and its advantages?
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CoMP scheduling can be divided into two types - Centralized and Distributed based on the method of coordinating the eNBs. Usually the attached eNB acts as a master node in Centralized scheduling and other nodes in the eNB set serves as slave. Master ( or central) node performs the scheduling process. On the other hand, each eNB in the set performs the scheduling process in distributed scheduling approach according to the CSI feedback from their cooperating eNBs. Conventional schedulers do not coordinate with other eNBs.
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The nanosatellite operating in amateur radio frequencies have limited bandwidth. 2m band have 144-146MHz and 70cm band have 434-438MHz. How much bandwidth (Maximum) we can use in this?
Norwegian Post and Telecommunication Authority (NPT) says the maximum bandwidth are limited to 18KHz and 30KHz respectively. Is this applicable for every region?
On 8th page of document Johan L. Tresvig say a regulationby norwegian goverment. What I would like to know is whether any other contries or organization set a limit to the bandwidth.I couldn't find much details about this in internet.
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Dear Dileep,
I am also interested in this information. Could please attach a link or a document about the Norwegian bandwidth limitation of the cube satellite.
From the conceptual point of view, the bandwidth required to transmit data rate rb depends on this rate, the type of modulation.
For example for binary phase shift keying PSK the minimum required bandwidth B= the bit rate = rb, in case of qpsk, the B= rb/2 and in case of frequency shift keying FSK, B= 2(delta f + rb/2) where delta f= the frequency deviation. For minimum shift keying MSK, B= approximately rb/2 like QPSK.
If the bandwidth is limited to 25 KHz, then the maximum data rate fo MSK for example rbmax= 2 B= 2x25= 50 Kb/s. Which is very enough for the cube sat control and telemetry information transmission. In cube sat the control signal is about 1200 bts/s and the telemetry and pay load signal is in the order of 9.6 Kb/s, even if one requires to transmit the 9.6 Kbls using BFSK the one can adjust delta f to be = B/2 - rb/2= (B-rb)/2= (25-9.6)/2= 7.7 KHz, which lies in the audio frequency range and therefore this type of binary frequency shift keying is called audio frequency shift keying AFSK which is used widely in the cube sat communication systems.
So, the band widths allocated for the transmission in cube sats are sufficient and can satisfy the requirements.
Best wishes
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Dear Colleges,
Information and Communications Technology (ICT) is an extended term for information technology (IT) which stresses the role of unified communications[1] and the integration of telecommunications (telephone lines and wireless signals), computers as well as necessary enterprise software, middle-ware, storage, and audio-visual systems, which enable users to access, store, transmit, and manipulate information.[2]. However can we measure against Project Management by the volume,velocity variety and value to see the critical path of Project.
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