Syntax - Science topic

Mathematical representation ability is an essential skill for students to understand mathematical concepts. Many studies have been conducted regarding this ability, but it is necessary to map existing research to provide a clearer picture of future research topics. This study aims to provide a bibliometric review of trends using mathematical repres...

A comprehensive neural model of language must accommodate four components: representations, operations, structures and encoding. Recent intracranial research has begun to map out the feature space associated with syntactic processes, but the field lacks a unified framework that can direct invasive neural analyses. This article proposes a neurocompu...

Twi (Akan) and English can both express diminutive meaning using a morphological strategy (diminutive suffix) or a syntactic strategy (adjectival construction), but they differ with respect to native-speaker preferences -- morphological in Twi, syntactic in English. Each strategy in Twi, moreover, is associated with different types of complexity (m...

A coordinate construction is built by two basic levels of combination: a categoryless functional head is combined with a conjunct, and the result is combined with a categorizer, which is the other conjunct. The first combination is seen in all structures headed by a functional element, and the latter is seen in the categorization of a root. The sam...

Addressing the challenge of generating personalized feedback for programming assignments is demanding due to several factors, like the complexity of code syntax or different ways to correctly solve a task. In this experimental study, we automated the process of feedback generation by employing OpenAI's GPT-3.5 model to generate personalized hints f...

The purpose of the study is to determine how applying multimedia interactive learning based on problem-based learning affects students in the XI IPA grade at Senior High School’s cognitive learning outcomes and critical thinking skills. Purposive sampling and a nonrandomized control group pretest-posttest design are employed in this quasi-experimen...

Language models (LMs) have been argued to overlap substantially with human beings in grammaticality judgment tasks. But when humans systematically make errors in language processing, should we expect LMs to behave like cognitive models of language and mimic human behavior? We answer this question by investigating LMs' more subtle judgments associat...

Background Health policy decisions are often informed by estimates of long-term survival based primarily on short-term data. A range of methods are available to include longer-term information, but there has previously been no comprehensive and accessible tool for implementing these. Results This paper introduces a novel model and software package...

Progressive constructions in Germanic are usually studied as progressive constructions—that is, exclusively so. I characterize this as a top-down approach to aspect, which, I argue, harbors the risk of overlooking relevant language-specific structures that are similar in form and meaning. This paper, therefore, advocates taking a bottom-up approach...

Children’s early grammatical constructions, e.g., SVO, exhibit a learning curve with cumulative verb types (CVT) increasing exponentially. According to Ninio (2006), the fact that learning curves, though nonlinear, can be modelled by a continuous regression suggests instant generalisation. Moreover, differences in initial verbs across children indi...

Recent research has demonstrated that large pre-trained language models reflect societal biases expressed in natural language. The present paper introduces a simple method for probing language models to conduct a multilingual study of gender bias towards politicians. We quantify the usage of adjectives and verbs generated by language models surroun...

This article provides arguments to show that there is a form of syntax specific to the bodily movements of certain martial arts. This syntax of bodily mouvements is different from that usually identified in multimodal conversational analysis which consists of the addition of bodily extensions to speech turns Keevallik (Res Lang Soc Interact 46(1):1...

The jargon of any given online store will be unlike that used in regular communication. In the context of online grocery stores, there are special words for describing certain occurrences. Many online grocery store registers are available, with the English language being the most common. In this regard, this study studies the linguistic forms and t...

Identifying and resolving logic errors can be one of the most frustrating challenges for novice programmers. Unlike syntax errors, for which a compiler or interpreter can issue a message, logic errors can be subtle. In certain conditions, buggy code may even exhibit correct behavior---in other cases, the issue might be about how a problem statement...

Les textes des élèves du primaire et du secondaire montrent une forte proportion d’erreurs à l’écrit relevant de la ponctuation (Boivin et Pinsonneault, 2018, entre autres). Or, l’enseignement de la ponctuation n’offre souvent aux élèves que des possibilités limitées d'améliorer leur contrôle de l’usage des signes en contexte d'écriture (Riverin et...

Functional programming is a programming paradigm that is becoming increasingly popular among software developers. This is due in part to the rise of distributed systems and the need for more robust and scalable code. In the paper is presented an overview of the syntax and capabilities of Lambda expressions in three programming languages – C#, Java...

Ao longo da teoria gerativa, os modelos de análise sintática avançaram, bem como os modelos de análise fonológica, semântica, morfológica, lexical. Então, qualquer estudo de interface sintaxe-fonologia, por exemplo, encontra pelo menos dois problemas: (i) qual modelo sintático usar, e (ii) qual modelo fonológico usar. Neste trabalho, apresento uma...

Resumo O intenso processo de urbanização que ocorreu no Brasil desde a década de 50 resultou em um cenário em que aproximadamente 80% da população vive em áreas urbanas. Diante dos inúmeros desafios de planejamento territorial, o entendimento da dinâmica dos usos residenciais e densidades demográficas mostra-se fundamental. Isto posto, o objetivo d...

Informed by the current call for a reassessment of the concepts of radicalism and extremity in the fields of literature and visual arts, my study aims to investigate the radicalities entailed by the tactics of turning inside out the materialities of poems and artworks as exemplified, respectively, by Emmett Williams's concrete poetry and Roman Stań...

The texts of primary and secondary school students show a high proportion of written errors related to punctuation (Boivin and Pinsonneault, 2018, among others). Yet punctuation instruction often offers students only limited opportunities to improve their control of sign usage in a writing context (Riverin and Dufour, 2018). This article presents a...

Writers and speakers rely on linguistic resources in the construction of texts. They are conscious of building unified, readable and decodable texts that will carry intended meanings to their audience. Different linguistic resources are deployed and utilized to construct texts, and one of the resources is cohesion. As a linguistic resource in text...

Thematic Roles and Verb Valency Thematic roles are semantic relations that noun phrases have with respect to the action or state described by a verb. For example, in the sentence "The boy kicked the ball," The boy is the agent (the one who did the kicking), the ball is the theme (the thing which was kicked). Verb valency is a property of verbs that...

Abstract Meaning Representation (AMR) parsing aims to translate sentences to semantic AMR graphs and has recently been empowered by pre-trained Transformer models (e.g., BART). We argue that explicitly encoding syntactic knowledge is beneficial for AMR parsing, since the AMR graph of a sentence has similar substructures to those of its correspondin...

Human language relies on a rich cognitive machinery, partially shared with other animals. One key mechanism, decomposing events into causally-linked agent-patient roles, however, has remained elusive with no known animal equivalent. In humans, agent-patient relations in event cognition drive how languages are processed neurally and expressions stru...

This research describes the linguistic adaptation of Bali transmigrants on the mainland of Southeast Sulawesi, specifically in relation to phonological, morphological, grammatical, loanword, and language proficiency aspects. To address these issues, data collection methods such as interviews, observations, and surveys were employed. The results of...

We presented the case of a patient with non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction with coronary arteries of an anomalous origin, an interarterial course of the LMCA, a unique wide-angle “right” main bifurcation lesion, and a high SYNTAX score. Management with contemporary PCI and imaging may be an alternative to surgery.

Preliminary research showed that the learning process could have been more optimal, and this led to the research to develop a TEFA Model with the PBL concept as a valid, practical, and effective method of improving the problem-solving and communication skills of Automotive Vocational Education students. The process involved using the Research and d...

Syntactic processing techniques are the foundation of Natural Language Processing (NLP), supporting many downstream NLP tasks. In this paper, we conduct pair-wise Multi-Task Learning (MTL) on syntactic tasks with different granularity, namely Sentence Boundary Detection (SBD), text chunking, and Part-of-Speech(PoS) tagging, so as to investigate the...

Cet article compare le fonctionnement du déterminant en créoles haïtiens (CH) et jamaïcain (CJ). La comparaison montre que la syntaxe du déterminant est en général différente du CH au CJ : enclitique en CH et proclitique en CJ. En CH l’article défini (DEF) connait une variation morphophonologique en lien avec la syntaxe ; il présente une allomorphi...

We assessed the impact of non-native language input on Spanish–English bilingual preschool-age children’s language skills. Most participants (96%) had language skills within the average range. We examined whether the number of native English speakers, the number of non-native English speakers, the strength of foreign accent in English, intelligibil...

Categorical semantics of type theories are often characterized as structure-preserving functors. This is because in category theory both the syntax and the domain of interpretation are uniformly treated as structured categories, so that we can express interpretations as structure-preserving functors between them. This mathematical characterization...

My ten years of research on “the ARABIC characters in IT” is largely influenced by my cultural heritage. I am inviting the reader to explore Al-Farabi teaching and vision known under the name of the "Book of Letters (Particles") which covers language differences in the development of society and nations. “Al-Fārābı ̄, in the Kitā b al-H*urūf , is...

1. Introduction Ned Block’s (2022)The Border Between Seeing and Thinking synthesizes a vast array of experimental results to argue that there is a ‘joint’ – a fundamental explanatory difference – between perception and cognition. Perceptual states, on his view, are constitutively iconic, non-conceptual and non-propositional; cognitive states do not...

Intrinsically disordered proteins (IDPs) and regions (IDRs) are a class of functionally important proteins and regions that lack stable three-dimensional structures under the native physiologic conditions. They participate in critical biological processes and thus are associated with the pathogenesis of many severe human diseases. Identifying the I...

Celem podjętym w artykule jest przedstawienie sztrajfu (z niem. Streifen), wyjątkowej formy druku ulotnego, i jego roli w komunikowaniu politycznym w Polsce w okresie tużpowojennym. Sztrajfy to wąskie poziome karty papieru zawierające hasło lub slogan. Były one nośnikiem użytecznych informacji skierowanych do szerokiej publiczności i dotyczących co...

My ten years of research on “the ARABIC characters in IT” is largely influenced by my cultural heritage. I am inviting the reader to explore Al-Farabi teaching and vision known under the name of the "Book of Letters (Particles") which covers language differences in the development of society and nations. “Al-Fārābı ̄, in the Kitā b al-H*urūf , is...

This paper presents a description of word order patterns in Old High German with special emphasis given to the negative constructions. The Old Germanic syntax exhibits a relatively high variety in ordering constituents in the surface sentence structure, derived from the SOV-, SVO- and VSO-patterns. The study highlights the peculiarities of OHG word...

Code summarization provides the main aim described in natural language of the given function, it can benefit many tasks in software engineering. Due to the special grammar and syntax structure of programming languages and various shortcomings of different deep neural networks, the accuracy of existing code summarization approaches is not good enoug...

Cuando se da la interacción texto-lector, se manifiestan los vínculos del análisis textual con diversas ramas de la lengua en su carácter sistémico y la relación entre la semántica, sintaxis y pragmática discursiva como vía de conocimiento y vehículo de interacción sociocultural. Así, el objetivo general de esta investigación es presentar aspectos...

The most popular technique for specification requirements is natural language. The disadvantage of natural language is ambiguity. Boilerplates are syntactic patterns which limit the ambiguity problem associated with using natural language to specify system/software requirements. Also, using boilerplates is considered a useful tool for inexperienced...

There are many common code-writing mistakes that can be made when developing AI projects. Here are a few of the most common: Syntax errors: These are errors that occur when the code is not written correctly according to the rules of the programming language. Syntax errors can be difficult to debug, as they can often cause the code to fail to compil...

In a coordination construction, which is universally available, two or more syntactic constituents are combined, with or without an overt coordinator. This Element examines how coordinate structures are derived syntactically, focussing on the syntactic operations involved, including constraints on both their operations and the representations they...

Introduction: Alterations of verbalized thought occur frequently in psychotic disorders. We characterize linguistic findings in individuals with schizophrenia based on the current literature, including findings relevant for differential and early diagnosis. Methods: Review of literature published via PubMed search between January 2010 and May 2022....

This article delves into the multifaceted world of French Phraseological Units (PUs), exploring their semantic richness, functional diversity, and cultural significance. It provides a detailed classification of PUs, including idiomatic , proverbial, colloquial, and other types, underscoring their distinct roles in communication. The study highlight...

This classroom action research was motivated by students' low learning motivation. Based on the data presented, there were 10 students in class 4. 4 students achieved scores above the completeness criteria, and 6 students obtained scores below the completeness criteria. set. This data shows that students' understanding of the material I Am a Unique...

This paper comprehensively assesses the application of active learning strategies to enhance natural language processing-based optical character recognition (OCR) models for image-to-LaTeX conversion. It addresses the existing limitations of OCR models and proposes innovative practices to strengthen their accuracy. Key components of this study incl...

Support-verb constructions are combinations of a verb and a noun that act as the predicate, as ‘made the suggestion’ in I made the suggestion that she join . They are frequent, variable, and ambiguous across texts, as well as language-specific in their lexical and syntactic properties. The article examines patterns of negation with δίκην δίδωμι ‘to...

Education in Indonesia faces various complex challenges. Therefore, efforts continue to be made by the government, educational institutions and society as a whole to improve access, quality and relevance of education in order to create a young generation that is skilled, competitive and ready to face global challenges. In the context of the Merdeka...

Education in Indonesia faces various complex challenges. Therefore, efforts continue to be made by the government, educational institutions and society as a whole to improve access, quality and relevance of education in order to create a young generation that is skilled, competitive and ready to face global challenges. In the context of the Indepen...

Students' interest in learning is something that is important in the smooth teaching and learning process. Students who have high interest in learning in the learning process can support the teaching and learning process to improve, and vice versa, if students have low interest in learning, the quality of learning will decrease and this will affect...

Morphology is the study of words. It became a separate branch of linguistics in the 19th century to help understand the relationships between different languages. Morphologists compare word endings, sound systems, and word-formation patterns to show how languages are related and how they evolve. Morphology is the study of the structure and classifi...

In 1944 Hans Reichenbach developed a three-valued propositional logic (RQML) in order to account for certain causal anomalies in quantum mechanics. In this logic, the truth-value indeterminate is assigned to those statements describing physical phenomena that cannot be understood in causal terms. However, Reichenbach did not develop a deductive cal...

Education in Indonesia faces various complex challenges. Therefore, efforts continue to be made by the government, educational institutions and society as a whole to improve access, quality and relevance of education in order to create a young generation that is skilled, competitive and ready to face global challenges. In the context of the Indepen...

Humans, who are living creatures with intelligence, have the potential to continue to develop. One way of human development is through education. Education for humanity is an absolute need that must be fulfilled throughout life. With education, humans can broaden their insight, be creative, prosperous, happy and be free from being left behind by th...

Education creates quality independent humans who are ready to adapt and compete in facing the challenges of global development. Catholic Religious Education and Character Education is one of the subjects that helps students face these challenges with cognitive, affective and psychomotor abilities, demonstrated through increasing learning independen...

Children's education is first of all the responsibility of parents, but schools and the Church are also involved in it. The role of parents, the role of society, the role of the Church, and the role of schools are the pillars of education. From the existing problems in PAK learning in class XI IPS 1 SMA Negeri 2 Sekayam to increase learning indepen...

Background The implementation outcomes determine the success and progress of a community-based intervention programme. The community is an important stakeholder whose effects should be assessed. Nevertheless, Malaysia has limited instruments for determining outcome measurements. This research aimed to develop Malay versions of the Acceptability, Ap...

Objectives: The objective of current study was to assess the correlation between serum uric acid level and severity the severity coronary artery disease (CAD). Methodology: This descriptive study was carried at department of Cardiology, Lady Reading Hospital, Peshawar during the period 5th January 2023 till 10th August 2023.Patients with coronary d...

Abstract Studies that are available on Ebira and Igede are basically on the classification of the languages and few micro level of linguistics but none have not made a comparative analysis of the two functional categories (tense and aspect) in the languages. The present study provides an extensive explanation of tense and aspect in the languages i...

This article provides a detailed exploration of language analysis, delving into the intricate workings of human communication. Drawing upon various disciplines, methodologies, and tools, language analysis aims to unravel the complexities of language, shedding light on its structure, meaning, and usage. The article discusses key areas of language an...

Transformer language models have received widespread public attention, yet their generated text is often surprising even to NLP researchers. In this survey, we discuss over 250 recent studies of English language model behavior before task-specific fine-tuning. Language models possess basic capabilities in syntax, semantics, pragmatics, world knowle...

This paper aims to explore the application of deep learning in smart contract vulnerabilities detection. Smart contracts are an essential part of blockchain technology and are crucial for developing decentralized applications. However, smart contract vulnerabilities can cause financial losses and system crashes. Static analysis tools are frequently...

Objective To assess the absolute treatment effects of intravascular imaging guided versus angiography guided percutaneous coronary intervention in patients with coronary artery disease, considering their baseline risk. Design Systematic review and meta-analysis. Data sources PubMed/Medline, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases up to 31 August 2...

Education is one of the main foundations of a nation's development. Through education, young individuals are prepared to face the challenges of the future, developing the skills, knowledge, and values needed to contribute to the development of society and the country. A religious teacher has dual duties and roles as a preacher and educator. Realizi...

The Daming Temple, built during 457–464 C.E., is one of the developing ancient temple heritage spaces located in Yangzhou city, P. R. China. Over the past 60 years, variation in visitors’ spatial perception along the tour routes in the temple has occurred. This research attempts to reveal the changes in visitors’ visual perception along the spatial...

Background Studies have shown that insulin resistance is strongly associated with the development of cardiovascular disease, and the triglyceride glucose-body mass index (TyG-BMI index) is considered to be a reliable surrogate marker of insulin resistance. There are limited studies on the relationship between TyG-BMI index and the extent of coronar...

Concepts such as time and memory are defining elements in the music of composers from Romania. A specific case is composer Doina Rotaru's work, “Clocks”, where the theme is explicit. The current study analyses throughout the composition how various facets of time (objective time, measuring instruments, inner time, subjective time, and circular time...

This systematic review and meta-analysis evaluated the effectiveness of telehealth social communication intervention on language skills of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Twenty-one studies were included, among which 17 were single subject experimental design (SSED). Language outcomes were categorized into five linguistic domains (pho...

Code summarization provides the main aim described in natural language of the given function; it can benefit many tasks in software engineering. Due to the special grammar and syntax structure of programming languages and various shortcomings of different deep neural networks, the accuracy of existing code summarization approaches is not good enoug...

Names are important in the Yorùbá culture. It is like a lens that clearly reflects the people’s social background and their cultural ideologies. Names are means by which a person is identified. It is considered among Yorùbá to be of life longer, even than the bearer of the names, hence the need for a name to be protected from being destroyed. All t...

This paper offers an empirical investigation of the narrative profiles afforded by public, one-way messaging channels on Telegram. We define these narrative profiles in terms of the contribution of messages to a thread of narrative continuity, and test the double hypothesis that 1) Telegram channels afford diverse narrative profiles, corresponding...

This research investigates the use of the 'Sphero SPRK+' robot as a programming assistant to enhance conceptual understanding and engagement in programming education. The research addresses the challenges of teaching programming and underlines the significance of students understanding programming structures, semantics, syntax and planning. The Sph...

Background and aims Secreted frizzled-related protein 5 (SFRP5) is a member of the SFRP family that is known for its potent anti-inflammatory properties. Nevertheless, little is known regarding the relevance of SFRP5 in coronary artery disease (CAD). The current study examined the correlation between serum levels of SFRP5 and the triglyceride-gluco...

Named entity recognition (NER) stands as a pivotal task in natural language processing (NLP). Recent advancements have considerably enhanced its effectiveness. However, a gap remains in these systems' ability to fully leverage the recursive dynamics of linguistic structures. This study introduces a novel approach, intertwining the recognition of en...

In this paper, we present a computational algebraic representation of Hindi syntax. This paper is the first attempt to establish the representation of various facets of Hindi syntax into algebra, including dual nominative/ergative behavior, a syntacto-semantic case system and complex agreement rules between the noun and verb phrase. Using the pregr...

The book 'Data Representativity and Granularity in Spanish Syntax: Subjecthood across Dialects and Methodologies in Spanish' focuses on the dialogue between Generative Grammar, Variationism, and experimental linguistics with a unique emphasis on Spanish linguistics. Combining formal syntax and empirical data collection, this volume analyses and co...

Many students want to enroll in programming courses but fear the challenges ahead. They aspire to design quality systems or games after acquiring related skills but report concerns that programming logic is too difficult to learn because memorization of the syntax is required. Thus, they experience anxiety, are demotivated to learn, and, regretfull...

In this paper, we describe the capabilities and constraints of Large Language Models (LLMs) within disparate academic disciplines, aiming to delineate their strengths and limitations with precision. We examine how LLMs augment scientific inquiry, offering concrete examples such as accelerating literature review by summarizing vast numbers of public...

A theoretical-practical framework is proposed for an understanding of fake news stories from an interdisciplinary, ecological and posthumanist perspective. Key elements of three systemic approaches to meaning are integrated that allow for a symmetrical account of human and non-human agencies in fake news as a phenomenon. The findings are descriptio...

This study examines focus and relative construction processes in Àfá; one of the endangered languages of Nigeria. Àfá is spoken in Òkè- Àgbè of Akoko North west local government area in Ondo state. The data for research were gathered from informants who are the native speakers of the language. The sentences with focus and relative clause paradigm d...

Artikli teema on päästekorraldajate keeleline ebaviisakus helistaja suhtes Eesti hädaabikõnedes. Uurimuse eesmärk on leida, millistes suhtlustegevustes ebaviisakus esineb, mis selle esile kutsub ja milline on ebaviisakuse keeleline vorm. Analüüs tõi esile kolm rühma ebaviisakaid suhtlustegevusi: (a) etteheited helistajale, (b) ebaviisakalt vormista...

Background Assessing clinically for significant coronary artery disease (CAD) in stable angina patients presents a formidable task. Routinely performed echocardiography is limited in diagnosing CAD with provision for the regional wall motion abnormality (RWMA) for left ventricle (LV) systolic dysfunction and altered mitral inflow velocities for LV...

İSLAM DÜŞÜNCESİNDE DİL-MANTIK SORUNU Özet İslam Düşüncesi tarihinde, dil-mantık tartışmaları önemli bir yer tutmuştur. Bu çalışma üç bölümden oluşmaktadır. İlk bölümde dilin tanımı, kaynağı, yapısına ve dil-düşünce ilişkisine değinilmiştir. İkinci bölümde nahiv-mantık kavramlarının tanımı yapıldıktan sonra nahiv ilminin inşası, kurucuları ve gelişi...

Aim The very long-term mortality of off-pump and on-pump CABG versus PCI in a randomized complex coronary artery disease (CAD) population is unknown. This study aims to investigate the impact of on-pump and off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) versus percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) on 10-year all-cause mortality. Methods and re...

I argue that a C-domain merges and c-commands the D-system, rather than being D-internal. In Hail Arabic, this C-domain is split, with C-particles materializing those C-layers, and encoding various IS-values.

Morphosyntax first lesson, that chapter deals with the basics of the syntax course such as the origin of language, the properties of language, as well as other Universal Grammar principles and parameters.

Some sentences of natural languages, such as John might have been taller than Mary is, ascribe relations to objects each of which is associated with a possible world. In this example, Mary is associated with the actual world whereas John is associated with a possible world that can be distinct from the actual one. This phenomenon — the phenomenon o...

Morphosyntax first lesson, that chapter deals with the basics of the syntax course such as the origin of language, the properties of language, as well as other Universal Grammar principles and parameters.

Aspect-level sentiment classification is a fine-grained sentiment analysis that primarily focuses on predicting the sentiment polarity of aspects within a sentence. At present, many methods employ graph convolutional networks (GCN) to extract hidden semantic or syntactic information from sentences, achieving good results. However, these existing me...

Law No. 20 of 2003 defines education as a conscious and planned effort to create a learning environment that enables students to develop their spiritual, personality, intelligence, morals, and skills that are useful for themselves, society, the nation, and the state. Problem-Based Learning (PBL) is a teaching model that uses real-world problems as...

In this paper we analyse the place of iconicity in the architecture of a generative grammar, in relation to the notion of diagrammatic iconicity. We will present the fundamental assumptions of current generative grammar about the relations between syntax, morpho-phonology, and semantics, and discuss the problems that arise when attempting to includ...

//Unpublished preprint// In Singapore Colloquial English (SCE or "Singlish"), the where got construction exists as a calque of Mandarin na li you and Hokkien dolo u, all of which are used idiomatically to express a challenge or retort to a previous statement. Following a Hallidayan multi-strand view of meaning structure, this paper investigates the...