Sustainable Communities - Science topic

None: any type of entrepreneurship of that type is neglected by a series of rules that prevent the real eco-sustainability of any activity.

Thank you, my Prof., please I need more of community invovlement journals

They should

The functions of municipal governments include the following: Provision of state-run home services and basic unmet needs as regards health, education, environmental cleanliness, drinking water in homes, recreation and sport.

The role of municipal governments | Guide for Monitoring and Evaluating Land Administration Programs | Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (fao.org)

Hi,

You could try to get in touch with a wide range of people

For example, DemSoc and other partners work with Net Zero Cities with local authorities and programme partners, although they are not urban planning experts:

You can also try looking for people at UCL (Bartlett School of Planning):

or Nottingham Trent University:

Finally, you might try planning academics who attended a conference about local governance for climate action, who might work with the climate emergency in planning:

Good luck!

Ian

Dear Colleagues and Friends from RG,

Recently, positive trends have emerged that may confirm the thesis about the growing level of pro-environmental awareness of citizens. One example of positive trends in this matter is the growing percentage of citizens who do not buy live Christmas trees cut down for Christmas, but artificial trees or Christmas trees grown in pots from plantations. I am one of those people who do not buy cut trees, but buy growing Christmas trees in pots and then put them into the ground in a nearby green area. A dozen or so Christmas trees that I have planted are already growing in two urban green areas. I have noticed that there is a growing number of people who do likewise. Another example of positive trends confirming the growing level of pro-environmental awareness of citizens is the growing percentage of citizens who mow lawns less and less frequently, set up flower meadows and home gardens with flowers, including vegetables and fruit. Since in recent years the share of discounters and other large-format stores in the overall sale of food products and agricultural products offering highly processed products and agricultural produce mainly from large-area farms that do not apply the principles of sustainable, pro-environmental organic farming has increased, citizens more and more often buy agricultural products directly from farmers running farms applying the principles of sustainable, pro-environmental organic farming or establishing their own home gardens where they grow fruit and vegetables for their own needs. Pesticides and other chemical plant protection products are usually not used in the home flower and fruit and vegetable gardens. In addition, people who run this type of home gardens usually have a high level of pro-environmental and ecological awareness and therefore also apply other principles typical of sustainable organic farming. Another example of positive, pro-environmental changes confirming the thesis about the growing level of pro-environmental awareness of citizens is the growing percentage of citizens who reliably sort waste, and municipalities and municipal city cleaning companies are gradually expanding the number of fractions into which waste is sorted and conducting social, pro-ecological campaigns encouraging waste sorting. . Municipal cleaning companies of the city, in consultation with the municipal authorities, periodically carry out collection of waste sorted into several fractions of waste in individual city districts and permanently in designated places in the city. In return, citizens returning sorted waste receive flowers, potted herbs, bush seedlings, bulbs or seeds for flowers, herbs, shrubs, etc. More and more citizens are taking part in these pro-environmental campaigns to collect sorted waste. In this way, the habits of reliable waste sorting are strengthened and the scale of recycling, i.e. the re-use of raw materials obtained from sorted waste for the production of new products, is growing. Another example of positive, pro-environmental trends is also the growing share of pro-ecological investment projects submitted by citizens to the commune as part of competitions for investment projects implemented by the commune and financed under 1 percent. the so-called participatory budget of the municipal budget. More and more proposals submitted in these competitions by citizens concern the creation of additional green areas in urban areas and the organization and protection of already existing green areas, including city parks. In some communes, cyclical picnics and festivals for citizens are organized, during which pro-ecological educational campaigns for children, adolescents and adults are organized. During these educational campaigns, contests in ecological, environmental, biology, etc. are conducted. Such pro-ecological educational campaigns are carried out by municipal departments of environmental management, local libraries or associations and non-governmental organizations cooperating with the commune, active in the field of pro-environmental social campaigns. Since many aspects of these positive, pro-environmental trends have emerged in recent years, the question of the role of the SARS-CoV-2 (Covid-19) coronavirus pandemic in this matter, i.e. the scale of the pandemic's impact on improving the pro-environmental awareness of citizens, may be relevant.

Best regards,

Dariusz

As our socio-economic transactions are based on payment chains, we have also to focus on sustainable monetary agency, with respect to banking:

Lobbying of nonrenewable energy sector is main barrier in the development of renewable energy. In developing countries the allocation of funds and proper utilization is also barrier.

Dear Mohammad Mahamood,

Thanks for the kind word.

Best wishes,

Dariusz Prokopowicz

Perhaps the SARS-CoV-2 (Covid-19) coronavirus pandemic will increase the scale of pro-environmental awareness of citizens and sustainable and pro-ecological economic development will become an important strategic objective of economic policy.

Greetings,

Dariusz Prokopowicz

The turn of the Earth's journey can no longer be stopped, and it is not because the sustainable social economy can become a PROGRESSIVE AND STABLE economic model, it is that there is no other option. The change has to take place "yes or yes". But setting achievable objectives in the short or medium term. These changes see that there is an existing model that must not be eradicated, but transformed, since the business sector has certain facilities and infrastructures and therefore still stable. You cannot close without a gradual transition process. Taking down and building again is not the solution. For example, there are sectors that seem to belong only to the "Memory of the past", but we can make the turn starting by thinking about the reuse and development of many of the abandoned or semi-abandoned Rural Sectors.

I don't think it will be useful

Dear Dariusz Prokopowicz the sustainability criteria must be the core of our efforts to maintain our course towards a climate-resilient low-carbon transition, rather than continue the vicious cycle of environmental degradation, biodiversity loss, and zoonotic infectious disease outbreaks. For instance, the world response to the COVID-19 pandemic must be focused on addressing underlying factors through the SDGs to recover prosperity and restructure our society in a healthier, safer, fairer, and sustainable path. The option for a brown recovery instead of investing in a sustainable growth will depend on how human society will deal with the emerging risks from the COVID-19 pandemic. Kind regards, Ernani

Dear Anjay Kumar Mishra, Thank you very much for participating in this discussion.

Thank you very much and best regards, Have a nice day,

Dariusz Prokopowicz

Thank you appreciate for all answer.

Hi John,

This is a good question. I wonder if you might look at some of the research on Bayesian Causal Analysis?

Bayesian methods have been shown to perform better when working with small samples, which can be relevant to analysing development outcomes in (potentially disparate?) marginalised communities.

Raftery, A. E. (1993). Bayesian model selection in structural equation models. In K. A. Bollen & J. S. Long (Eds.), Testing structural equation models (pp. 163–180). Newberry Park: Sage.

Morgan, S.L. (2013). Handbook of Causal Analysis for Social Research. Dordrecht:Springer.

There are 3 pillars explained in the following link

https://www.investopedia.com/articles/investing/100515/three-pillars-corporate-sustainability.asp

Best Regards Hamed Moztarzadeh

There are two types of content analysis: inductive and deductive. The inductive approach is more exploratory, and it does not use a predetermined set of codes; instead, you develop the code categories during the research, as you observe things that you want to track. In contrast, a deductive approach begins with a codebook that was generated through prior theory or observations, so that you can systematically compare which sources have which kinds of content.

In addition, there is a third option which is a hybrid approach, where you begin with a deductive codebook, but expand your set of codes as you notice new things in the data.

Rapid growth in poor developing countries is commonplace because early technological advances are easier to achieve.

It's like looking at the growth rates of infants over teenagers. If a baby continued to grow for 20 years at the same rate he grew during the first two years of his life, all 20 year old people would be 17 feet tall and weigh 900 pounds. But growth slows.

When people living in grass huts and using stone tools are first given advanced seeds, fertilizers, and simple machinery their economic output can increase a-thousandfold. But this steep increase is tempered as they move closer to the tools and standards of modern society.

Resilience is the prerequisite of sustainability. In the realm of disaster science, resilience is the building block of sustainability. In general, we assess resilience event by event. However, suitability is comparatively long period assessment. Alternatively, we can say “sustainability means better tomorrow”, same as “resilience refers to building back better”.

This issue can be solved only through social participation and understanding the importance of this crisis.

I think that you meant in your last sentence (segregation by citizens) and not (segregation of citizens).

Well, we did an experiment in the 1980s in one floor of the faculty of science by placing bins "one for glass, one for plastics, one for metals, one for papers, and one for any waste".

I must admit that many students did abide by the rules of the game but unfortunately there were some "hooligans" who sneaked & caused mess in the bins spoiling our experiment.

My conclusion was that quality segregation of wastes by citizens requires education (to raise the level of thinking) & material rewards (to encourage individuals to participate in a good manner). After some time, the citizens will have the instilled or rooted habit of doing things the right way.

I think future products need to be designed Completely with sustainability in mind. What I mean by this is understanding the secondary use or degration of all components And not using materials that can’t be recycled.

Sustainable pro-ecological development is tautology.

Just as Sustainable Development is an oxymoron

In order to effectively develop education in education in the field of sustainable pro-ecological development, the basics of economics should first be included in the curriculum.

Education in the basics of economics should be universal, introduced to different levels of schools and fields of study because it is knowledge fulfilling the role of introducing to even more important issues, especially important for the future development of civilization in the 21st century. The issues of sources and consequences of the progressive global warming as well as the necessary changes, reforms that should be introduced into everyday existence, the production of economic goods, etc. to develop a sustainable ecological environment are among those particularly important issues that should also be included in general education. development based on the concept of green economy. If these pro-ecological reforms were implemented mainly in the period of the next decade to 2030, then there will be the possibility of slowing down the adverse process of global warming. If these pro-ecological reforms on the scale of the global economy are not realized then at the end of the twenty-first century planet Earth will be visited by powerful climatic cataclysms, which may threaten the life of all humanity and most other forms of life on Earth.

In view of the above, the current question is: The importance of education in the field of sustainable pro-ecological development?

Please, answer, comments. I invite you to the discussion.

From the small portion I happened to see in these last 4.5 years on research on sustainable manfuacturing:

Dear John,

Read the papers below.

1. Fox, M. S., Barbuceanu, M., & Teigen, R. (2001). Agent-oriented supply-chain management. In Information-Based Manufacturing (pp. 81-104). Springer, Boston, MA.

2. Fox, M. S., Chionglo, J. F., & Barbuceanu, M. (1993). The integrated supply chain management system. Technical report, Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto.

3. Garcia-Flores, R., Wang, X. Z., & Goltz, G. E. (2000). Agent-based information flow for process industries' supply chain modelling. Computers & Chemical Engineering, 24(2-7), 1135-1141.

4. Thomassey, S., & Zeng, X. (2018). Introduction: Artificial Intelligence for Fashion Industry in the Big Data Era. In Artificial Intelligence for Fashion Industry in the Big Data Era(pp. 1-6). Springer, Singapore.

5. Syam, N., & Sharma, A. (2018). Waiting for a sales renaissance in the fourth industrial revolution: Machine learning and artificial intelligence in sales research and practice. Industrial Marketing Management, 69, 135-146.

Thanks,

Sobhan

this link is useful

https://www.emeraldinsight.com/doi/.../09513541211194356?..

regards

The 20th century witnessed a paradigm shift in perceiving nature. The idea of environmental sustainability, including sustainable development and growth, is quite new, emerging in the second half of the 20th century. I am not aware of any similar ideas being driving forces of states' decision making prior to that.

The idea of 'sustainability' also requires foresight in the future, comprehensive planning for the future, an area that former (pre-20th century) way of thinking did not cover as it was more coined along the lines of ecological remedies. Additionally, although I do not challenge examples given here, I believe that decision-makers and overall government administrations anywhere in the world were considering sustainability as part of their agenda until the second half of the 20th century. Rise of the organisations such as UNESCO or IUCN after the WW2 can signify such shift, but then again, they were focused on nature protection and preservation, not on sustainability.

I believe that 'sustainability as an afterthought' is linked together to the general realization that anthropogenic influences really change the environmental quality in possibly irreversible way. This was realized, at least on international scene in 1970's when the Stockholm Declaration on the Human Environment was passed as a final document of the UN conference. This conference was called upon as an initiative of a Swedish government, so I suggest you can look for further information about the people behind it, it might prove useful as a starting point in examining the environmental-ideological discourse. Good luck!

There is no man in this model! Can there be a smart city, or any type of city if we take into account the market, the brand and the rest, and not the man. A good answer to this topic can be found in the Jan Gehl's book Cities for People!

There are many herbs used as calcium channel blockers. But whether they contain gabapentins etc is to be researched.....

To build upon a number of the points above, there are quite a few industry reports from the UK that may be of interest, such as: NHBC Foundation reports on "Modern methods of construction: views from industry" and "Building sustainable homes at speed: risks and rewards", and "Using modern methods of construction to build homes more quickly and efficiently" by the Naitonal Audit Office. All available here: http://www.nhbc.co.uk/builders/productsandservices/TechZone/MMCHub/Research/ 

Hi Diego,

What are you specifically looking at, the resilience of what to what?

The following literature review paper would be very relevant to your question:

Please feel free to ask me any further questions you might have.

Sincerely,

Ali

Often how do you implement innovation and what process you follow during NPD does make a big difference.

For instance, detecting and early fixing of design can save a considerable amount of time, which can otherwise result in material waste, additional planning time, design time, reprocessing, and lost time-to-market implied by the correction process. 

The following paper outline many such scenarios, and what one should do to entice innovation, and improve quality and contents.

Good day Luiz and Niels.  I think we should be able to have models of similar structure linked together from local, to provincial, to regional, to national, to blocks of countries, and one global, which can then be linked to global programs and banks and global institutions in a way that we create links of what it is needed globally with what it happening on the ground and be able to monitore it in real time yearly and ongoing...so each locality, province, region, block and the world know what they need to do based on sustainability land use planning and that others can see what they are doing....all from the deforested area/deforested area point of view...It can also help land users to connect directly with kyoto programs, global warming efforts....and so on.

I will bring together the ideas in the following papers:

Traditional Forestry, Sustainable Forestry, and Forestry Sustainability: Expressing Evolving Forestry Practices Using Qualitative Comparative Conjunctural Interactions

Beyond traditional sustainable development: Stating specific and general sustainability theory and sustainability indices using ideal present-absent qualitative comparative conditions

Linking Sustainable Development Indicators by Means of Present/Absent Sustainability Theory and Indices: The Case of Agenda 21

Ranjan, I was not familiar with the situation in Nepal. The publicly available articles are of this type: http://money.cnn.com/2015/04/27/news/nepal-earthquake-donations/

One can infer that there was substantial foreign aid to the victims and families, probably up to 100 million USD. I do not know if this amount grew further and how much was already spent for food and other basic necessities. I also do not know how much money the government plans to spend for reconstruction and to what extent it will cover the needs of private families that suffered disaster.

It  is difficult to estimate for me the exact cost of reconstruction. From this table 

I can infer that the cost to construct 1 sq.m of housing is about $345. If average house is 50 sq.m, then its cost should be $17,000, and one can construct about 6000 flats using $ 100 million.

US Geological Survey estimates the cost of damage to be between 1 and 10 billion USD; see http://money.cnn.com/2015/04/27/news/economy/nepal-earthquake-everest-tourism/index.html

If would be better if you inform us about report on the value of damage, received funds and spending. I suspect that maybe not all money were used efficiently.

As Brett tells us, these micro-finance companies are just giving credits, probably at high interest, and this is not the best (and major) solution. They are useful only to complement the funds that are still not available for reconstruction.

You already mentioned some of the variables: social identity and cultural characteristics. You can add quality housing that considers the climate factors and architectural standards(energy saving and new technologies,...) and is in harmony with its surrounding context (natural and built environment from neighborhood to the urban scale).

I don't know for emerging countries, but I have done my dessertation aroud the developement of a model to help economic advisor to support technological entrepreuneurship in a context of co-innovation. One of my findings is that the economic development process is two-fold, and intermediated in innovative ecosystem. Third places, where people can experiment on the uses of technologies or solutions should be very helpful.

Hello Paulinus,

I have been thinking on this topic of sustainabilty for quitw some time now, In this I must admit my thinking and reading has started to sway. My position at first was leaning to the possibility of having some social program like the one you refer to be sustained. Howerever, living in the U.S for almost 55 years I am becoming more and more sceptical as time goes goes on. From my perspective based in Critical Social Theory, I asked myself and request all to ask ouselves; what has human kind socially built, excluding bricks and morter, that have been sustained? In thinking and searhing on this question I find less than the fingers on one hand.

That is were I would start Paulinus. It does not matter what others have defined, it is how you define it. Just as you can reject or think about what this responce is refering to. For example, when you think about sustainability does it include time and space? If it does then you have another starting point. Second, is your thinking on sustainability focused on communnity,state, nation state, or global? Third, what is the context in which you define sustsainabilty, this will greatly narrow and focuse the research. Fourth, as you research; ask youself what is connecting all the various studies together? Think about presuppositions, philosophicy, theory, political influence. I hope I don't sound as if... Fifth, consider what is burried deep in the relationship between this question the related research. Finaly, what I believe to the most important and rearly mentioned in discussions on research is look for what is not there (relates to 4) not said not reported. A lot of times silence and absence speak.

Last, my amswer to the first paragraph's ending question has something to do with linear time, not space in the geographic sense, and are global. Three concepts have meet my definenetion of sustainabilty, the first being patrairarchy and the others I leave to you Paulinus and others.

Hope I have helped,

Douglas 

i would look at this from the ownership perspective. In a homogenous community in terms of culture and norms, it is likely that this community might be tight allowing little external market forces influence. this means that property values will be protected, maintenance of public spaces and communal utilities is more likely. This is also possible in a heterogenous society if they share the same norms such as religion. Sustainable residential property development must protect the existing culture but at the same time, it should be careful not to exclude other groups of people.

Usually you need dry fibers. Additionally you need them in a very divided form to let them be integrated into the concrete.  Also you need to consider that natural fibers absorb water. You must study the water capacity before make your concrete formulation as much as they will take all the avaliable water giving a brittle concrete -usually fiber is added after sand, cement and water. Some treatments to do fibers hydrophobic exist (thermal and acetilation treatments but not sure if this is desirable)..You have to consider the resistance of the obtained concrete to loading as much as the fiber usually reduced the resistance, also it increases curing time, it depends also on the use you intend. Think that you must consider that fibers will degrade upon time and will pssible cause CO2 inclusions into the concrete, pores and so on that could lead to reduced resistance, corrosion of reinforce steel and so on... I am not specialist, but there are lots of references about this subject.... 

For a review on aromatic amines (actually undergoing peer review) I have included a result from a German report for the Umweltbundesamt (equivalent to EPA): "Tire wear particles could be a significant source of the human carcinogen ortho-toluidine since extracts from shredded used tires contained on average 58.2 mg/kg (range 0.07-130) of ortho-toluidine." The full text of the report (in German!) can be downloaded: http://kinderumweltgesundheit.de/index2/pdf/dokumente/50076_1.pdf

Ortho-toluidine is blamed for increased bladder cancer incidence in a rubber manufacturing plant in New York State: for review see Carréon, T, Hein, MJ, Hanley, KW, Viet, SM, Ruder, AM: Bladder cancer incidence among workers exposed to o-toluidine, aniline and nitrobenzene at a rubber chemical manufacturing plant. Occup Environ Med 71, 175-182 (2014)

You might also be interested in the websile of the Research programme financed by the European Union - DG R&I (within FP7):

The Integration of Mainstream Economic Indicators with Sustainable Development Objectives IN-STREAM