Surveillance - Science topic

JAS Claude.ai LLM (Togetherness: Copy & Paste)

"Exploring the Farthest Reaches of Sound"

Unfortunately, I am unable to provide a useful summary of the given content. The text appears to be fragments of a dialogue or conversation around abstract concepts related to sound, technology, sustainability etc. without enough context or coherence for me summarize meaningfully. Perhaps focusing the question or providing some additional background details could help me generate a more helpful summary. Please let me know if you can clarify the core topic or narrative you were hoping to get summarized here.

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explore key terms

JA

Based on the snippets of text provided, some key terms that seem potentially relevant to explore further include:

However without additional context or details on the intended focus, it's difficult to extract the most salient terms or topics to summarize. The fragments cover a wide range of abstract domains. Providing clarification on the core emphasis could help determine what terminology or concepts are most important to elaborate on in a summary. Please let me know if you have any guidance on narrowing down the scope or which aspects to concentrate a summary around given these preliminary key terms.

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that sums it up well. put those elements together to answer this question: "how can Sound (define literal, figurative, subjective) be used as an Instrument of Peace in Military Conflict"?

JA

Here is one way those key elements could be brought together to address the question "how can Sound be used as an Instrument of Peace in Military Conflict":

At the most basic physical level, sound consists of mechanical vibratory waves that propagate through air and other media. However, sound also has figurative and subjective dimensions related to how it is perceived, interpreted, and utilized within human cultures.

In a literal sense, studies indicate certain sound frequencies and rhythms can have physiological effects - like influencing brainwave states, heart rate, or hormonal levels - that are associated with relaxation, calmness, and reduction of aggression. Carefully deployed, such sounds could help diffuse tense military encounters.

More subjectively, music also has profound abilities to convey emotions, values, and shared culture that can humanize opposing groups in conflict, highlighting our common humanity despite outward differences. Shared songs or instruments from one culture, judiciously shared with consenting members of another culture, could spark greater empathy and motivation for non-violent resolution on both sides.

Of course, sound and music can also incite violence if applied carelessly or inappropriately. Any literal manipulation of sound to "force" behavioral change also raises ethical issues around consent and human dignity/agency.

Overall there are promising possibilities but also complexities around wielding sound as an "instrument of peace" in military contexts rife with long-embedded cycles of violence. Solutions will require holistic transformations spanning social, political, and economic spheres simultaneously. With careful ethical considerations and respect for diversity, approaches harnessing sound's potential to nurture non-aggressive states or build intercultural bridges could play a supportive role. But simple sonic "quick fixes" alone cannot overturn multi-faceted human conflict. A path forward calls for interdisciplinary cooperation embracing both scientific and empathetic paradigms side-by-side.

ICOLD Bulletins 164 Volume 1

Peripheral blood film (PBS) has limitations in malaria diagnosis. The malaria parasite (plasmodium) has a life cycle that goes through a mosquito and man. There is a stage in the human body when the plasmodium is predominantly in the liver, and therefore may not be seen in blood smears.

AMR represents a major threat to human health with significant global economic and security implications. In 2015, WHO Member States unanimously approved a Global Plan of Action to tackle AMR. Subsequently, Heads of States endorsed the AMR Action Plan and called for concerted action across all sectors in the context of the One Health approach.In the span of four years, 91 countries and territories have enrolled in GLASS and this report presents AMR data in over two million patients from 66 countries. It shows disturbing high rates of resistance among antimicrobials frequently used to treat common bacterial infections.

A+B/C=$IT x EMA DAL JAS

I can offer you a software that enables designing two panels in a single step. However, please note that the program requires familiarity with Linux. It should be noted that this software has demonstrated excellent performance and efficiency in designing panels for eight and thirty viruses, using sequences exceeding 40,000 and 300,000, respectively.

Good luck!

Videos may not be the first two of choice. Do you surveillance may serve to follow farm and wild animal behaviour, evacuation routes, beaches (tsunami), forests (fires) et cetera

Counter-drone TTPs are dependent on the drone system and are largely a function of range. If we're talking about micro-drones, I've seen Army units use countermeasures as simple as a shot gun. But with the constantly improving cameras, even micro-drones have sufficient stand-off to make shot guns ineffective.

One promising piece of kit that I've seen recently is the L3 Harris Vampire which is being sent to Ukraine later this year. Other surface to air systems like the SA-8 and the German made Gepard have been effective against the Iranian made Shahed 136. These two SA systems may also be effective at identifying Russian micro-drones but may not be cost effective.

Zoonoses are a growing concern due to a number of variables, including their frequently unique and unpredictable nature, their capacity to appear anywhere and spread quickly throughout the world, and their significant financial impact on a variety of dissimilar industries, as well as economic losses due to medical care and absence from work due to illness.

Drone Industry in India: Impact of New Rules 2021 - GreyB

Have a look at this useful RG link for insights.

Dear Mendiore

CDC guideline have 9 component of evaluation. Some.of these are quantitative like Sensitivity, PPV and data Quality. So these are easily calculated. However some of the indicator are qualitative. Which are to be ascertained through interview of related stake holders.

We have used CDC guideline these are easy and friendly to use. I will share you my evaluation report which have all these CDC guideline indicators of evaluation of public health programs.

Please mail me on drsandeepguriro@gmail.com

Thanks

I found some of what I was looking for:

(https://webpages.charlotte.edu/cchen62/dataset.html)

UCF-Crime dataset is a new large-scale first of its kind dataset of 128 hours of videos. It consists of 1900 long and untrimmed real-world surveillance videos, with 13 realistic anomalies including Abuse, Arrest, Arson, Assault, Road Accident, Burglary, Explosion, Fighting, Robbery, Shooting, Stealing, Shoplifting, and Vandalism. These anomalies are selected because they have a significant impact on public safety. This dataset can be used for two tasks. First, general anomaly detection considering all anomalies in one group and all normal activities in another group. Second, for recognizing each of 13 anomalous activities. Real-world Anomaly Detection in Surveillance Videos Waqas Sultani, Chen Chen, Mubarak Shah IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR), 2018

Hey Reena L Richard , here is a very basic and intuitive guide to responsible sample size calculation. It might be of help for you to answer very basic questions about your project before calculation the sample size. Feel free to reach out with any specific questions!

See also the following link: https://towardsdatascience.com/quality-inspection-in-manufacturing-using-deep-learning-based-computer-vision-daa3f8f74f45

tHK ALL!

Also check https://www.enisa.europa.eu/topics/critical-information-infrastructures-and-services/smart-grids/smart-grids-and-smart-metering/ENISA_Annex%20II%20-%20Security%20Aspects%20of%20Smart%20Grid.pdf

Most citizens are unaware of how much information about Internet users is possessed by Internet technology companies that offer certain information services on the Internet.

Best regards,

Dariusz Prokopowicz

This could be interesting to you: https://www.kaggle.com/mohamedmustafa/real-life-violence-situations-dataset

Cheers, Raoul

You know Chilgoza pine is one of those species that grows in harsh environmental conditions and it produces a deep root system that is why it evolved in harsh conditions. Producing a deep root system is one of the strategies to grow in harsh environmental and edaphic conditions. I think the low survival rate in artificial regeneration is damaging of the root system and unfortunately, we don't care much about the root system. In the nurseries, we can improve shoot growth maybe with fertilizers application and other provisional practices.

The prcedures used after the infrastructure come concers about how well adverse events following immunization are being tracked ,reported,recorded and investigated by the the Goverment,experts told Indiaspend.

Rference:www.bloombergquint.com.

This is an excellent surveillance study on deadly wheat blast disease in Bangladesh. Hope it will be useful to you.

If I have rightly construed, you wish to conduct study from PHC & Hospitals. For proper representation, multistage sampling would be appropriate in which PHC, CHC, secondary care & tertiary care hospitals as health institutions. So, state, district, block & sector wise systematic random sampling could be considered which would represent PHC CHC & hospitals.

It sounds you basically have a three-step design: qual --> QUAN --> qual. Such designs are quite reasonable but relatively rare. Hence, it does not have a standard name, but you might all it "an intervention study that includes both exploratory and explanatory components within a mixed methods framework."

My book on "Integrating Qualitative and Quantitative Methods" includes a chapter on three-step designs.

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Great, nice information...

Because of early over-reporting and under-reporting of deaths assigned to COVID-19 early during the era of this pandemic, now there has been guidelines that may help. However, to assign as particular event as a cause of death due to COVID-19, autopsy is the best method, a practice more recommended than actually done. The challenges in doing post-mortem studies during the COVID-19 stem from problems with logistics, availability of experts, and fear of transmission of SARS-CoV-2 due to issues supplies of the required PPE around the world.

1. Correctly certifying deaths due to COVID–19: guidance for physicians

2.

3.

4.

Try WHO global observatory

Interesting

Dear Billel Meghni , this is a very good question, I have myself not been able to figure out...

I basically agree with the answers from Chouaib Chakour and Pavlo Krot . Let me just add you can found lots of very useful and informative material concerning reliability and vibration/condition based monitoring of electric motors, generators, and other machines in specific national contexts, e.g. nuclear or thermal power plants. I can certainly recommend taking a deeper look at the websites of these organisations:

- Electrical Power Research Institute (EPRI) - United States

- Energieforsk - Sweden

I hope this helps. You can contact me back if you need help.

Best regards

Maurizio

Veterinarians may contribute in research for finding the vaccine as they have already experienced in finding the vaccines for many Corona viral diseases in domestic animals

It's just a matter of combining information in the article 'The Microbiome of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinomas: a Functional Perspective' with the other article 'New insights into cancer immunoediting and its three component phases — elimination, equilibrium and escape'

Creswell is not an expert on paradigms, and his advice is likely to cause you trouble if someone wants to know how you used constructivism as a basis for posts-positivism and vice versa. In any event, this statement does not say anything about a "dialectical perspective."

If you want to stay out of trouble in addressing this topic, pragmatism is the safer choice.

How does fingerprints work with remote sensing and DNA Barcodes?

Dear Ernesto Batista Sánchez

It is useful to better understand customer needs and allocate marketing finance effectively.

The potential importance of Big data is growing. Nevin Hammam

I agree with David L Morgan and Dean Whitehead that the most important thing to define is why you choose Pragmatism as the paradigm for your research. For example, I also conducted a multiphase mixed methods design for my doctoral research, which included an intervention. But while Pragmatism was the umbrella paradigm for the overall design of my research (w/ 4 research phases in total), the different phases of my project adopted different paradigms. For instance, whereas the phases with a QUAL priority adopted a constructivist stance, the ones with a QUAN had pragmatic stance.

The reason why I adopted pragmatism as the Overarching umbrella was precisely because one of its fundamental principles was paradigm integration, i.e. the synthesis of quantitative and qualitative standpoints. In short, the eclectic of pragmatism partners well with the multidimensionality of mixed methods multiphase designs, by allowing us the allocation of different paradigms along the different research phases of multiphase designs.

A safe drug in this moment may be announced harmful in next yeas after more researches!

"How important is the sharing of personal data for persons with disabilities?" is a complex question.

Data, I believe can be categorized into three classes.

1 - Personal (The stuff I don't want others to see),

2 - Private (The stuff that's okay to share with some others - Groups),

3 - Public (The stuff anyone can view).

Having a disability can make this modern age more difficult to navigate.

Many disabled people(s), Myself being one of them, have a handicap (for lack of better words) that restricts them from living average digital life. Whether having a physical or mental disability governs how easily it is for them to pickup new technology, understand it, and/or drive it to the next level, and is greatly influenced by current technologies, finance, and their abilities to assimilate technology. Not without saying, this is in vast contrast to the non-disabled that take these issues for granted.

It is very important to me (Being a physically disabled middle aged man), for me to be able to access and share my ideas and knowledge, as well as be able to access knowledge of new or old Technology, that makes our lives more complex every day as technology grows. However, this forces us into an everlasting upward slope to take in these technologies. Not just to understand how to use them (Which makes our lives easier and harder at the same time), but to also understand how to fix them. It is hard enough for the older generation that have no understanding of new technologies (Which they would rather it stay that way, and is a disability in it's own right), but to have other disabilities makes it more necessary for disabled individuals to share and access data across a wide variety of mediums, than not.

Further, disabled people often have their disability get in the way of doing average every day things, let alone having to understand new technologies that can be challenging without a disability being involved, in it's own right.

So, I believe the question should be:

How important is the protection of and security from, and for them to be, in relation to them; sharing of personal data for persons with disabilities, and the aging?

After all, senior citizens are constantly being phished, smished, and duped into giving out their credit cards and social security numbers among other sensitive details that are needed to access financials. And the aging do not understand that simply telling someone your dog's name, to a hacker can be very dangerous if your password is your dog's name.

This age of technology gets more complicated each and every day. We struggle just to have a comprehensive working knowledge to be able to work with it. Disabilities get in the way of carrying groceries to my car, let alone trying to access E-mail when my sciatic nerve is acting up. We either adapt and overcome, or we are left by the way side of this amazing modern lifestyle intertwined with technology, even when we do not see it.

I recommend reading the following paper :

Check the epidemiological reports: http://portalms.saude.gov.br/boletins-epidemiologicos

Basically you can use whatever you like (cameras, PIR sensors, ...). It's more or less a question of your surveillance objectives.

So, if using a Kinect is advantageous, why not. (Although, IIRC, the useable area of depth measurement is quite limited.)

Hope this helps ...

following

Read this Article It will be useful!

If you are willing to pay the costs for high resolution imagery like Worldview or Ikonos repeatedly, it certainly is possible at an excruciating amount. With opensource image its really difficult because of the coarse resolution. You can try using Sentinel-2 which is 10m to may be monitor the drainage systems. But the problem is in the rural areas these are very narrow and would not even comprise a single pixel on certain occasions. The best would be to use UAVs for monitoring, it wouldn't require a very sophisticated sensor so you could manage your budget also.

Hi Lisa,

In Yucatan, Mexico (humid and warm state) we have used BG-Sentinel traps with octenol plus CO2 as attractants with very well results, collecting Culex spp., Ae. aegypti, Ae. taeniorhynchus and others in urban and sub urbans areas. Beside we used BG’s and CDC traps in different vegetation types in NPAs of Yucatan collecting 8 genera and 24 species of mosquitoes during 3 months sampling.

Regarding to DNA and RNA preservation you can use RNAlater™ just after you finish your sampling, add about 1 mL of RNAlater in an 1.5 mL Eppendorf tube along with the mosquito and storage it at -20 C or -80 C. Using this way the DNA and RNA of the mosquitoes could be stable for several months.

best wishes

Of course you can do it. But, it is better to combine LBP features with some of the morphological or shape features to evaluate better performance.

It is important to apply LBP on which part of a person image(just face, face and body, etc)

Dear Charles,

Thank you very much for your message and for the valuable documents. I am also very actively involved in this line of research. A recent paper on GNSS performance threats and augmentation strategies in aviation was recently published in JPAS (for convenience, the link is provided below):

In addition to addressing GNSS issues, it would be nice working together and investigating the feasibility of specific safety features that could be included in the ADS-B data-link as well.

Critical security scholars has done some very interesting stuff relating to the (b)ordering of different places and spaces - also in terms of the public/private divide in surveillance. Don't know if it useful, but Maria Stern and Joakim Berndtsson (2011) have a great piece in International Political Sociology on the latter, focusing on body searches in airports for example ('Private Security and the Public–Private Divide: Contested Lines of Distinction and Modes of Governance in the Stockholm-Arlanda Security Assemblage'). Maybe that could be useful even if its not related to labor or work places?

Thank you Md. Milon Islam for the response.

The benchmark you shared is for outdoor video. I am actually seeking for some exclusive underwater video tracking benchmark...

Thank you very much, Mariel.

The ViVA project sounds really promising thought I'm not able to find additional information in the web 4 years later.

Do you know if it is still running?

Detecting and sequencing of AMR genes, is also an option, however that mean your selection of genes to be detected or sequenced will be based phenotypic characteristics of the isolates at MIC level. Some researcher also select the genes to be sequence based on previous history of existing resistance gene circulating within a geographical area. take for example blaCMY2 id very prevalent in North america while blaCTXM is more prevalent in Europe or bla metallo genes in Asia or India. So prior knowledge matters alot as well as phenotypic characteristics of the isolates derived from MIC reading.

If the resistance genes detected are associated with/specific to phenotypic characterictics of the isolates, and based on available information e.g. questionnaire survey or nationally collected data from routine surveillance, its possible to say frequent/continuous prescription maybe relating resistance.

Cheers

Dear Saumik Bhattacharya ,

You are perfect! Thanks to Shafagat Mahmudova for your recommended sources!

Antibacterial surveillance and clonal characteristics of resistance genes within your area are good tools for policy driven drug control. Effective monitoring and drug control will break the chain of spread of resistance genes vertically and horizontally among bacteria. Efforts are intensified at discovering newer antibiotics globally.

It is proved in literature that LBP features can be used for face detection and recognition. You can find rich literature for face detection.

In work [1], LBP-Haar Multi-Feature is proposed for Pedestrian Detection. You also have to consider computation cost for real time video surveillance.

hope thats help.

References:

[1] Thiyagarajan, B. V., Mayur, A., Ravina, B., & Akilesh, G. (2015, December). LBP-Haar Multi-Feature Pedestrian Detection for Auto-Braking and Steering Control System. In Computational Intelligence and Communication Networks (CICN), 2015 International Conference on (pp. 1527-1531). IEEE.

Hi,

could you please give some details about the roles and responsibilities of the members?

thenaks

Dear sriharsha,

see the following link in IEEE. This paper used Histogram of spatio temporal local binary patterns for human action recognition. Hope, this may helpful to you.

You should follow NCBI

My Dear Antanis... firstly I hope all success to you in your work.

You can use some certieria to select the best regression fit by AIC, MSE, P_value ,..

With Best Wishes

Take a look at this article:

From what I observed, end point error seems to be the method that is most popular currently (at least for dense optical flow).

hi?

You can go for KLT, CamShift algorithms which are already implemented and you can get it and apply it.

Dear Sir ...I have a lecture entitled Bio safety and Bio security..if you are interested in..let me know.

Actually Mr. Balwar is very correct in respect to the term Epidemiology, which by scientific defination is restricted to human population only but later the defination was more refined and made precise to include the diseases having zoonotic potential also means diseases shared by both man and animals as Mr. Balwar had clearly mentioned about? But for ease, in general we use both the term epidemiology and epizootiology interchangeably.

Here are 2 reviews on homing of immune cells/T cells to solid cancers:

Ager A et al. Homing to solid cancers: a vascular checkpoint in adoptive cell therapy using CAR T-cells. Biochem Soc Trans 2016;44:377-85

Tan LY et al. control of immune cell entry through the tumour vasculature: a missing link in optimising melanoma therapy? Clin Transl Immunol 2017;6:e134

Dear Dr Ahmed

The short answer is yes. 

Genomics can be of use to identify an unknown pathogen. They can be used to trace the origin of an outbreak. They can with some difficulty be used to estimate the reproductive number. 

They can also be used to confirm/refute theories about the origins of an outbreak. C difficle is a problem in many hospitals. Although ribotyping suggested a common epidemic strain, further sequencing has shown that there are multiple strains circulating. Another example is MRSA. Although these strains have similar phage profiles, biotypes and resistance patterns there are multiple strains in circulation rather than one or two epidemic types. Finally a paper recently reported the results of an investigation into an extended beta lactam resistant Klebsiella pneumonia that has persisted for a several years. On analysis it was found that the strain had originated several years before it was detected in the hospital. 

All this having been said isolating the genome of an unknown pathogen can be difficult. This is at the moment not really sensible. Most labs are not set up to do this in real time so for the moment it seems we are stuck with the usual methods. There has been movement in this area for TB but the jury is still out on these for the moment. Inhibitors of PCR that are not allowed for in testing systems may produce false negatives or even worse false positives. All of that having been said it seems likely that these methods will become mainstream in the not too distant future. 

If urgent action is indicated the usual methods are probably the most reliable at the moment. When possible sequencing of the pathogens responsible should be done as this provides information that may be useful or even critical and cannot be obtained in any other way. For example say there is an outbreak of Salmonella at a party. Most food associated Salmonella have the same serology and phage type. While the usual methods of identification may suggest uncooked eggs (the usual suspect) legally this may be problematic given the similarities between Salmonella and the problems with growing them from the eggs days after the party. Genomic typing may even rule the eggs out as a source.

no my dear

Additionally a ln epidemic can occur when a disease emerged in a place it never was. Eg the re-emergence of a single case of small pox could be described as an epidemic

Ok thank you, I will be looking at U.S. v. Lambis and the reasoning behind it.

xml format of the ground truths is available but I don't understand how to proceed further.

Hi both, Thank you for your informative answers. As you say it seems the evidence for echo monitoring in low dose cabergoline patients is limited. In Scotland echoes are done on an ad hoc basis influenced but the available SPC and society guidelines. We are currently working to standardise echo monitoring in these patients recommending low dose patients with normal CV examinations and no other risk factors would not normally require echo surveillance until a larger cumulative dose is reached 

Dear Iman,

By evolving SOA (Service Oriented Architecture) since 2004 , it is not needed to share the origin data. Just web services of data will be shared instead. In spatial domain we use OGC services, and share the WMS services. In fact sharing data changed to sharing services of data. In this way the governmental Organizations became more interest to contribute in responding their clients requests which are related to their data.

Hope it be what you were looking for.

Best Wishes

Hi Jung,

Initially, crop the area in which symbol lies i.e. particularly the area in which the required sign lies in. Extract the HOG features from the symbol in cropped region and form a feature vector. Train the classifier with the corresponding class label. Then you can test the detection/classification on test images. More the number of images involved in the training, more the accuracy of the detection/classification. HOG based handwritten alphan-numeric symbol detection and number plate detection are robust solutions similar to your problem.