Superplasticity - Science topic

Ceramics are typically brittle at ambient conditions due to their covalent or ionic bonding and limited dislocation activities. While plasticity, and occasionally superplasticity, can be achieved in ceramics at high temperatures through thermally activated phenomena, creep, and grain boundary sliding, their deformation at ambient temperature and pr...

High‐temperature tensile tests and electron backscatter diffraction analysis are employed to investigate the hot deformation behavior and microstructural evolution of Ti60 titanium alloy under 940–1000 °C and strain rates of 5 ×10⁻⁴ s⁻¹ × 10⁻²/s. First, a record‐breaking superplastic elongation of 337% is achieved under 940 °C and 5 × 10⁻⁴/s. Secon...

The effect of deformation temperature on the microstructural evolution and damage fracture behavior of medium manganese steel is investigated. The results indicate that superplastic deformation accelerates the overall microstructural evolution process of the samples compared to those subjected to isothermal annealing. Grain refinement in the S700 s...

A novel superplastic forming process, driven by a supersonic fluidic oscillator to generate an oscillating gas pressure (SFO-SPF), was shown to significantly reduce the forming time compared to the conventional SPF of AA5083 aluminum parts. The strong interaction between solid and fluid mechanics brings challenges for reliably modelling such a uniq...

The ceramic tile industry has resumed its growth around the world post-Covid 19, and Brazil ranks third among the largest producers and consumers. Among the products manufactured in Brazil, two stand out: porcelain tiles, produced by the traditional wet process, and semi-porous slabs, produced by the dry process, developed in Brazil. Porcelain tile...

Optimizing superplastic forming (SPF) process parameters is vital for improving production efficiency and addressing the growing complexity of product requirements in high-end manufacturing fields. Current optimization of SPF process parameters focuses on meeting product requirements, often overlooking constraints related to quality indicators, pro...

With the constant prioritization for vehicle lightweighting, high temperature forming processes are increasing in demand due to their capability to produce large and complex parts in a single forming operation. Superplastic forming is utilized to form such parts, but this process typically requires long forming times. To remedy this, an increasing...

In this study, high toughness and superplastic deformability were achieved in Mg-9Li alloys through dual-phase microstructure optimization. Solid solution (SS) and equal channel angular pressing (ECAP) treatments were employed to refine the alloy’s microstructure. The effects of these treatments on room-temperature and low-temperature high-strain-r...

This study investigates the high-temperature tensile behavior of AZ31 magnesium alloy under varying current intensities and directions. At 350 °C, with a strain rate of 1 × 10⁻³ s⁻¹ and a peak current density of 50 A/mm², the alloy demonstrates enhanced superplasticity, increasing its true strain at fracture from 0.88 to 1.23. The height-to-diamete...

In this study, the structural optimization, the direct-reverse superplastic forming (SPF) process the thickness distribution and the tensile property of the industrial 5083 aluminum alloy pallet with multi-deep cavities were investigated. The tensile property was carried out at room temperature and was introduced into the finite element method (FEM...

This study investigates the effect of zirconium on the superplastic properties of titanium alloys at various temperatures and strain rates. It has been established that zirconium significantly influences the strain rate sensitivity coefficient (m), mechanical stability, and plasticity. At elevated temperatures, zirconium-containing alloys exhibit a...

Active chiral plasmonics show promise for chiral sensing and light generation applications. While progress in fabricating chiral plasmonic nanostructures has advanced, their fixed chiroptic properties limit device functionality, and structure‐chiroptic correlations remain poorly understood. a superplastic nanomolding technique is introduced to form...

The scientific research in the biomedical sector has underlined the importance of going beyond the basic requirements of the biomaterials, i.e., to be bioinert and avoid the occurrence of any adverse effects once in contact with a biological environment. In fact, the next generation of biomaterials must ensure anti-bacterial and bioactive propertie...

This study systematically investigates the effects of strain rate (from 1.67 × 10⁻5 to 10⁻1 s⁻1) on the tensile deformation and fracture behavior of β-Sn-based dual-phase alloys including Sn5Sb, Sn25Sb, Sn37Pb, and Sn58Bi. Both pure Sn and Sn5Sb exhibit an increased elongation with rising the strain rate, while Sn25Sb, Sn37Pb, and Sn58Bi display in...

This study investigates the superplastic deformation of a drone body using finite element analysis (FEA) in Abaqus. The research employs the power-law viscoplastic model to simulate the behavior of AZ31B magnesium alloy under high-temperature conditions. The simulation utilizes gas pressure to deform a thin-walled structure, emphasizing the benefit...

Superplastic deformation, which occurs when fine-grained metals exhibit high ductility (often exceeding 300%) under specific conditions at approximately half of their melting temperature, allows the creation of complex shapes required by the aerospace and electronic material industries. Typically, superplastic characteristics are evaluated using un...

Porous ceramics based on mullite was fabricated using the superplastic foaming method we proposed. When mullite powder was used as the starting material, the porosity was less than 20%. A compacted body was obtained from the constituent metal oxides and the porous body obtained by reaction sintering had a porosity of nearly 50%. The spinel phase an...

An Mg-based alloy device manufactured via a superplastic forming process (Mg-AZ31+SPF) and coated using a hydrothermal method (Mg AZ31+SPF+HT) was investigated as a method to increase mechanical and osteointegration capability. The cell viability and osteointegrative properties of alloy-derived Mg AZ31+SPF and Mg AZ31+SPF+HT extracts were investiga...

This article discusses the microstructure and mechanical properties of an Al-3.0Ce-0.9Ca-1.9Mn-1.2Zr alloy produced by selective laser melting (SLM) technology. The new alloy leverages the excellent heat resistance of Al-Ce alloys, incorporating Ca to lower both the cost and density, while the addition of Mn and Zr enhances formability and provides...

Vacuum isothermal forging is an ideal method for preparing high-performance TiAl alloy forgings, as it is carried out under the conditions of a uniform temperature field and oxygen isolation. The mechanical properties of TiAl alloys strongly depend on their microstructure, so it is important to study their microstructure evolution during the forgin...

Improving the deformation behaviour of titanium alloys at intermediate temperatures is crucial for cost and energy savings in forming processes. In this context, the modification of the microstructure prior to forming is of great importance. Here we show how the deformability of α-β titanium sheets at 500°C can be significantly increased via a tail...

The present study aims to investigate the feasibility of creating high strength concrete (HSC) utilizing local resources. HSC mixture ratios were created with regional resources to increase affordability for a broader range of uses. The practical program was divided into two parts. The objective of the initial section was to create HSC without sili...

Superplastic forming is a process that enables the production of complex-shaped parts using metallic alloys. To design the optimal forming regimes and ensure the success of forming operations, it is essential to use mathematical models that accurately represent the superplastic deformation behavior. This paper is concerned with the study of the mic...

In recent years, the excellent mechanical properties and lightweight characteristics of multi-layer hollow components have led to a surge in research focused on their forming processes. This growing interest has greatly advanced technological progress in aerospace and other related fields. In this paper, the metal flow behavior of TA15 titanium all...

Featured Application The presented approach may be applied in manufacturing firms that use superplastic materials to have information on the adopted materials. Abstract For about 60 years, the aerospace industry has been strongly interested in superplastic forming processes to produce extremely light and complex-shaped components. Superplastic cha...

Reliable predictions of concrete strength can reduce construction time and labor costs, providing strong support for building construction quality inspection. To enhance the accuracy of concrete strength prediction, this paper introduces an interpretable framework for machine learning (ML) models to predict the compressive strength of high-performa...

The impact of annealing on the recrystallized grain structure and superplastic behavior of two Al-Mg 5xxx alloys used for high-speed blow forming (HSBF) was studied. The results revealed that both alloys demonstrated rapid static recrystallization after only a few minutes of annealing at 520 °C, forming fine and equiaxed grain structures. After fou...

In the present article, insights into the high‐temperature deformation behavior of medium‐Mn steel (MMS), which is prepared via high‐ratio differential speed rolling (HRDSR), are provided. Moreover, through innovative bidirectional jump experiments, variations in the strain rate sensitivity index m under various conditions are obtained. In the rese...

The study of changes in the dynamic Young's modulus of a typical model su-perplastic Bi-43 wt.% Sn alloy under the conditions of plastic deformation, under which polycrystalline materials are subjected in order to create a structural-phase state capable of manifesting the effect of superplasticity, is performed. Changes in the Young's modulus are a...

Ultrafine-grained and heterostructured materials are currently of high interest due to their superior mechanical and functional properties. Severe plastic deformation (SPD) is one of the most effective methods to produce such materials with unique microstructure-property relationships. In this review paper, after summarizing the recent progress in...

The superplastic deformation behavior of 2 mm Ti60 sheet is studied, and the constitutive equation of superplastic deformation is established. The results show that when the strain rate is 5.00 × 10⁻³ s⁻¹ and the temperature is 950 °C, the maximum superplastic elongation reaches 400%. Through the analysis of the true strain–true stress curve, it is...

This paper presents manufacturing technologies of cryogenic tanks for aerospace applications. In order to fabricate fuel tanks with high strength aerospace alloys, it is necessary to apply superplastic forming, diffusion bonding, and friction stir welding technologies. Superplastic materials like aluminum and titanium alloys show very large amount...

Nitinol-shaped memory alloy is a superplastic alloy that can return to its pre-deformed shape when heated. Different additives and manufacturing techniques resulted in different alloy characteristics. This study aims to manufacture three different concentrations of nitinol alloy using the sintering technique to expose these alloy characteristics. T...

A novel hybrid forming process involving the use of hot drawing along with superplastic forming (SPF) is studied here. The hot drawing stage helps in enhancing the formability and in fast deforming the sheet metal into a hollow shape with desired amount of material draw-in. During the subsequent SPF stage, gas pressure was applied onto the pre-form...

The microstructure and high temperature properties of 310S heat-resistant steel were investigated before and after cold rolling with a deformation rate of 10% by using optical microscopy (OM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffractometer (XRD) and tensile testing machine.The results showed that the microstructure of 310S heat-resistant...

A physically constitutive model based on microstructure evolution was constructed to describe the coupling relationship between various macro and micro variations of TA32 titanium alloy in superplastic deformation. Then, a finite element analysis model was established to simulate and analyse the superplastic forming process of titanium alloy based...

Conventional commonly used titanium stamping techniques like hot forming and superplastic forming each have distinct disadvantages. Hot forming usually leads to limited formability and significant springback, whilst superplastic forming often results in long cycle times, high energy use, and costly tooling. A novel, energy-efficient, and cost-effec...

Concrete manufacturing projects are one of the most common ones for consulting agencies. Because of the highly non-linear dependency of input materials like ash, water, cement, superplastic, etc; with the resultant strength of concrete, it gets difficult for machine learning models to successfully capture this relation and perform cost optimization...

The effects of alloying elements and rare earth elements such as Zr, Sc, Er, etc., are presented. Structural analysis shows that these rare earth elements all form an intermetallic phase with Al, with the same formula Al₃RE. This intermetallic phase plays a role in preventing the formation of harmful phases in the alloy. These intermetallic phases...

The subducting cold oceanic plates (slabs) exhibit the paradoxical deformation behaviors of deep seismicity and rheological weakening at the mantle transition zone (MTZ, ~400–700 km depths). The high-pressure transformation in olivine, a major constituent silicate mineral, is kinetically inhibited forming the metastable olivine wedge (MOW) in the c...

This work the methodology for determining the grain boundary sliding mechanims and addresses how alpha-beta interfaces evolve during superplastic deformation of Zr-2.5%Nb.

The last two decades have witnessed significant progress in the development of severe plastic deformation techniques to produce ultrafine-grained materials with new and superior properties. This review examines works and achievements related to the low-temperature superplasticity of ultrafine-grained aluminum alloys. The examples are provided of th...

Seismic observations show the Earth's inner core has significant and unexplained variation in seismic attenuation with position, depth and direction. Interpreting these observations is difficult without knowledge of the visco‐ or anelastic dissipation processes active in iron under inner core conditions. Here, a previously unconsidered attenuation...

he pursuit of advanced materials with enhanced or tailored properties has indeed been a crucial focus in various industries. From aerospace to automotive, and from nuclear power to space exploration, the need for materialsthat can withstand extreme conditions, offer improved performance, and ensure safety is paramount. Safety standards are vital in...

An alloy based on Ti-Al-Zr-Nb-V was prepared and its deformation behavior at elevated temperatures was studied. The microstructure and phase of the alloys were characterized by optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, thermal analysis, and mechanical testing. The results showed that the Ti-Al-Zr-Nb-V alloy, when stretched, exhibits a super...

Indium selenide (InSe) crystal, as an emerging Van der Waals semiconductor, showed great potential in optical and optoelectronic devices due to its remarkable electron mobility, flexible direct bandgap, and photoresponsivity. Especially, the bulk single‐crystalline InSe shows superplastic deformability with the aid of the interlayer gliding and cro...

The KOBO extrusion process is an unconventional method of extrusion based on the phenomenon of superplasticity as an effect of a special state caused by the oscillatory motion of the die at a certain angle a certain frequency. It significantly lowers the extrusion force and makes it possible to extrude lightweight metals and alloys (e.g. aluminum a...

The aim of the present work is to investigate the superplastic behaviour of a bilayer Ti6Al4V-ELI to numerically design a full custom prosthesis manufacturing process by means of SuperPlastic Forming (SPF); the bilayer was composed by: (i) a monolithic Titanium blank (cut by a rolled sheet); (b) a porous blank cut by a billet produced by Hot Isosta...

Ti-6Al-4V is a widely used titanium alloy in superplastic forming process which requires high temperatures (T≈900 °C) and low strain rates (ε ˙≈〖10〗^(-3) s^(-1)). One way to reduce the costs of the process is to use a lower forming temperature and/or higher strain rate, up to 〖10〗^(-2) s^(-1). However, the behavior of Ti-6Al-4V alloy still need to...

Is additive manufacturing (AM) a sustainable process? Can the process be optimised to produce sustainable AM parts and production techniques? Additive manufacturing offers the production of parts made of different types of materials in addition to the complex geometry that is difficult or impossible to produce by using the traditional subtractive m...

Amorphous alloys possess increased mechanical strength. Currently, the processing and shaping of amorphous alloys employ their superplasticity in the supercooled liquid phase, which has pushed research into the evolution behavior of the supercooled liquid area during the processing of amorphous alloys. In this study, a molecular dynamics technique...

Fe-Mn-Al-C medium Mn steels were found to reveal extraordinary superplasticity and have significant potential for forming the complex structural parts due to high strength, excellent ductility and material cost. In present study, the effect of tensile deformation temperature on the superplastic deformation behavior of a cold-rolled low Al-added med...

Ti-10V-2Fe-3Al alloy with fine-grained β phases was fabricated by friction stir processing with optimized processing parameters. The superplastic behavior of the specimens was investigated by tensile deformation at different strain rates and temperatures, and an optimal superplastic elongation of 634% was achieved at 700 °C and 3 × 10-4 /s. An anne...

Erbium and thulium sesquioxides are the only lanthanide oxides that exhibit premelting cubic-hexagonal (C−H) phase transformation. The enthalpies of phase transitions and fusion were measured for the first time using a differential thermal analyzer calibrated by melting Y2O3. C−H transition enthalpies of Er2O3 and Tm2O3 are 48 ± 7 and 69 ± 7 kJ/mol...

Cranial reconstructions are essential for restoring both function and aesthetics in patients with craniofacial deformities or traumatic injuries. Titanium prostheses have gained popularity due to their biocompatibility, strength, and corrosion resistance. The use of Superplastic Forming (SPF) and Single Point Incremental Forming (SPIF) techniques t...

Two-dimensional transition metal chalcogenides (2D-TMDs) have attracted much attention because of their unique layered structure and physical properties for transistor applications. Mechanically transferred metal contacts on these low-dimensional materials or their homogeneous and heterogeneous multilayers have generated huge interest to avoid depo...

Based on the peculiarities of plastic deformation mechanics and physical mesomechanics, the processes are considered and technological schemes for their realization are proposed to ensure the formation of ultrafine-grained structure in axisymmetric products of large sizes. Deformation of coarse-grained materials in temperature-velocity conditions o...

One of the most effective ways to increase the processing plasticity of advanced superalloys (heat-resistant nickel-based alloys) is the formation of an ultrafine-grained (UFG) microstructure in bulk semi-finished products. Such a microstructure is a necessary condition for the manifestation of the structural superplasticity effect in the technolog...

Surface residual stresses in welded specimens significantly influence properties such as fatigue resistance, fracture toughness, and the superplasticity of joints. In this study, we employed friction stir welding, a well-established joining method, to weld dissimilar titanium alloys. By combining two distinct titanium alloys, we aimed to harness th...

Titanium alloys have high specific strength and corrosion resistance, which have promising applications in industry. However, the machinability of titanium alloys is limited due to their crystal lattice and physical properties. Thus, in recent years, the superplastic forming of titanium alloys has been intensively developing, in particular, forming...

Light metals and alloys based on magnesium, aluminum, and titanium are of significance in daily life and industrial applications due to their low density and superior mechanical and functional properties. The formation of nanostructures and ultrafine grains can further improve the properties of these materials. High-pressure torsion (HPT), as a sev...

The ability of a material to stretch in tension is strongly influenced by the strain rate sensitivity and this parameter plays an even bigger role during deformation of ultrafine and nanocrystalline materials. It was recently shown that a deformation mechanism based on grain boundary sliding can predict the strain rate sensitivity of these material...

Хохлов А.В., Гулин В.В. Кривые течения и деформирования нелинейной модели сдвигового течения тиксотропных вязкоупругопластичных сред, учитывающей эволюцию структуры // Вестник Пермского национального исследовательского политехнического университета. Механика. 2024, №1. С. 112-143. DOI: 10.15593/perm.mech/2024.1.10 *** A systematic analytical study...

Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the biocompatibility, osteogenic and antibacterial activity of biomedical devices based on Magnesium (Mg) Alloys manufactured by Superplastic Forming process (SPF) and subjected to Hydrothermal (HT) and Sol-Gel Treatment (Sol-Gel). Methods: Mg-SPF devices subjected to Hydrothermal (Mg-SPF+HT) and Sol-Gel...

High-entropy alloys (HEAs) stand out between multi-component alloys due to their attractive microstructures and mechanical properties. In this investigation, molecular dynamics (MD) simulation and machine learning were used to ascertain the deformation mechanism of AlCoCuCrFeNi HEAs under the influence of temperature, strain rate, and grain sizes....

It is mathematically shown that ductile fracture after finite plastic strain is a necessary consequence of the polycrystalline nature of the materials. A closed–form equation for the plastic strain to fracture of a fine–grained polycrystal with no voids is derived. The mathematical model for the plastic deformation is grounded on the physical hypot...

Recently, there has been a lot of research in the concrete industry on a sustainable approach using concrete waste as a substitute for natural aggregates. The reason for this is that the quantities of construction and demolition waste generated today pose a significant threat to the environment but can be used as a useful concrete material in the c...

This study explores the characteristics and potential engineering applications of Cu-Al-Mn and Cu-Al-Be-Mn shape memory alloys (SMAs). The research investigates the chemical composition, transformation temperatures, and mechanical properties of these SMAs when incorporated into Al metal matrix composites. It was found that the addition of Mn and Be...

Beton mutu tinggi merupakan jenis beton yang dibuat dengan perlakuan secara khusus. Penggunaan faktor air semen harus seminimal mungkin dikarenakan semakin rendah faktor air semen (FAS) yang digunakan, akan menyebabkan karakteristik beton semakin baik, sehingga perlu ditambahkan admixture agar beton yang dihasilkan sesuai dengan kebutuhan. Peneliti...

A homogenized, supersaturated AlZnMgZr alloy was processed via severe plastic deformation (SPD) using a high-pressure torsion (HPT) technique for different revolutions at room temperature to obtain an ultrafine-grained (UFG) microstructure. The microstructure and mechanical properties of the UFG samples were then studied using transmission electron...

The present paper is concerned with the dynamic recrystallization of the Ti-6Al-4V alloy. Electron Backscatter Diffraction (EBSD) observations are performed after high-temperatures tensile tests, with the temperature ranging from 700 to ~950 °C, and the strain rates varying between 10⁻⁴ and 10⁻²/s. Based on the analysis of flow behavior, the domina...

During plastic deformation at elevated temperatures, grains move relative to each other which is referred to as grain boundary sliding (GBS). The amount of GBS is proportional to the creep strain with a proportionality constant that is known from finite element analyses, and found to agree with experiments for Cu. The most import effect of GBS is t...

Al-Li-сплавов и механизмы деформирования в условиях сверхпластичности (аналитический обзор) // Вестник Пермского национального исследовательского политехнического университета. Механика.-2023.-№ 6. С. 135-157. of the influence of alloying additions on the structure of Al-Li alloys and deformation mechanisms under superplastic conditions (an analyti...

A homogenized, supersaturated Al-Zn-Mg-Zr alloy was processed by severe plastic deformation (SPD) using high-pressure torsion (HPT) technique for different revolutions at room temperature to get ultrafine-grained (UFG) microstructure. The microstructure and mechanical properties of the UFG samples were then studied by transmission electron microsco...

In this paper, the partially crystallized Zr70Cu13.5Ni8.5Al8 bulk metallic glasses (BMGs) were prepared, and their superplastic deformation ability in the supercooled liquid region was studied via compression over a wide range of strain rates from 5 × 10⁻⁴ s⁻¹ to 1 × 10⁻² s⁻¹. It has been found that the superplastic deformation behavior of the BMGs...

Fusion welding causes joint deterioration when joining aluminum alloys, which limits the use of aluminum alloy components in high-end equipment. This paper focuses on an overview of how to achieve high-strength aluminum alloy welded joints using welding/plastic deformation composite forming technology. The current technology is summarized into two...

Body-centered cubic refractory metallic materials exhibit excellent high-temperature strength, but often suffer from brittle intergranular fracture due to the recrystallization-induced enrichment of trace elements at grain boundaries (GBs). Here, we report a fully-recrystallized pure molybdenum (Mo) material with room temperature (RT) superplastici...