Stigma - Science topic

Thank you!

Fatema Miah you are very right on that. I think I used a wrong term but I was pointing towards community awareness.

Workplace mental health stigma has profound consequences for individuals and organizations. Stigmatized employees often experience increased psychological distress, reluctance to seek help, and decreased job satisfaction and performance. Fear of discrimination can lead to hiding mental health conditions, exacerbating symptoms, and impairing productivity.

Organizationally, stigma results in higher turnover rates, absenteeism, and reduced morale, creating a toxic work environment. It fosters a culture of silence and fear, hindering collaboration and trust, while legal and financial repercussions arise from discrimination and lost productivity.

To address this, comprehensive mental health education and awareness programs are crucial. Policies that protect against discrimination and promote mental health support, along with robust support systems like structured assistance programs, can foster a more inclusive workplace.

Thank you, Stephen :) I have looked into that article previously, but it does not necessarily help explaining this relationship.

Thank you, Abhinshek :)

Thank you so much everyone for positive remarks.

“We now have the tools and knowledge to end the HIV/AIDS pandemic as a threat to public health — and to do so by 2030,” write John Nkengasong, Mike Reid, Ingrid Katz at the US AIDS-relief programme PEPFAR. The goal: to reach the ‘95-95-95’ targets of at least 95% of people living with HIV knowing their status; at least 95% of those people being on life-saving antiretroviral therapy; and at least 95% of those people having an undetectable viral load. To get there, argue the authors, will require the use of behavioral-science approaches to reach populations that are most in need...

Feelings of stigmatization have a negative effect on self-esteem and on the security in interpersonal contact and social skills. The problem should be addressed in terms of holistic treatment.

Yes, there are several stigma scales that have been developed to measure the stigma experienced by different groups. For example, the Stigma Scale is a standardised measure of the stigma of mental illness. The Discrimination and Stigma Scale (DISC) is an interview-based scale that measures experiences of mental health-related discrimination in key areas of everyday life and social participation. The General Evolutionary Motives for Stigmatization (GEMS) scale is a general measure of stigmatization based on an evolutionary analysis of social exclusion. These scales can be used to assess the extent of stigma experienced by different groups and to develop interventions to reduce stigma.

Sébastien Rougerie-Durocher Michael J. Lynch Rafael Villalobos Vaibhav Amarsinh Rajemahadik

I am sharing with you our latest research publication regarding the apple cultivars as follows:

Hello Christof,

Path analysis is a common way of evaluating models such as the one you describe. Do note that, the moderating effect can be proposed to act on the IV-mediator relationship, or on the mediator-DV relationship.

Here's a link that explains the approach pretty clearly: https://scholarworks.umass.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1404&context=pare

The fact that both the IV and proposed moderator are dichotomous has no impact on using path/regression estimation. The real question has to do with whether you consider your intent variable to be of interval strength or just ordinal strength, as is the case also for the proposed moderator, given that these are based on responses to one or more Likert-type response scales. If you ultimately decide that ordinal is the better characterization, then you'll need to analyze via a method which allows for that. Programs such as the commercial Mplus, or the freely available R system library, lavaan, are two examples which could be used.

Good luck with your work.

"We published our first official NICE clinical guideline in 2002. This guidleine (CG 1) focused on schizophrenia, and provided guidance for healthcare practitioners about how best to treat people suffering from the condition. The guideline has been updated twice, and in 2014 (after its second update) extended its remit to cover psychosis and schizophrenia in adults: prevention and management. This reflected our developing understanding of psychotic episodes and their long term relevance.

📷

Since 2002, we’ve produced 80 pieces of mental health guidance on clinical, public health and social care topics ranging from the mental health of people in the criminal justice system, to social and emotional wellbeing in primary education, and the mental wellbeing of older people in care homes."

The only way to do that scientifically is to represent all the types of disability equally in your sample. Otherwise you will capture unbalanced and random concerns of some disability types that you will then conclude represent all. Because stigma has origins in both the attitudes of others, and the characteristics of particular disability types, you need a stratified sample of both all the categories of disability you wish to include, and the communities (employers, industry, nation, culture) that you identify as in scope. 'Not focusing on a single disability type' is not a good way to represent all types. I found the book by Goffman in the 1960s on spoiled identity, a great inspiration. It is referenced in one of our papers on stigma somewhere. Good luck with your project.

En nuestra sociedad ser madre adolescente no está bien visto, ya que nuestro ideal es terminar los estudios, tener una carrera y poder trabajar de ello. Siendo madre joven en la adolescencia es dificil tener las necesidades básicas cubiertas por tu parte, sin ayuda de tus padres. Normalmente no eres independiente económicamente, y en muchos casos tampoco eres independiente en la vida diaria, y esto puede dificultar el cuidado del bebé.

Por eso pienso que las madres jóvenes tienen esa estigmatización, porque sería complicado cuidar al bebé con los recursos que a esa edad se tiene.

También, esta estigmatización afecta a estas madres adolescentes. Muchas dicen que su sueño y su vida ideal es esa, y ese pensamiento y ese acto es válido, en el caso de que pudiera cuidar al bebé adecuadamente. Somos personas diferentes, con vidas diferentes y cada una tiene metas distintas, esto no significa que sea mejor o peor.

You Michelle Nieva could refer to the statistical fact that Gaussian Normality is not the best measure for human learning curves, which are more probabilistic by nature.

Once upon a time, review articles summarised contributions to a particular theory in order to identify gaps in that theory that need to be filled. Unfortunately, these times are over, and reviews have become semi-automated annotated bibliographies. Without knowing your field I can only speculate but my speculation is this:

- Social identity theory and stigma theory are highly abstract, parsimonious and closed theories that explain processes in the field only in very general terms. They function as interpretive schemes rather than explanatory tools. What they are unlikely to do is explain why employees adhering to a particular religion in a specific way face specific difficulties in particular circumstances. For this, you would need a middle-range theory that links specific sets of conditions to particular social mechanisms and their specific outcomes.

- Because the two theories serve as interpretive schemes rather than explanatory tools, it is very difficult to contribute to them with empirical research. The literatureyou reviewed uses them without changing them (i.e. without contributing to them).

- Because the literature you reviewed does not contribute to these theories, your review cannot contribute to them either.

- What would be necessary (and could be your contribution) is pointing out the things that cannot be explained by the two theories and outlining what a more specific (less abstract) theory could contribute to advancing the field. For example, a more specific theory would need to include typologies of workplaces, workplace struggles, religious employees, conflict resolution processes, and outcomes.

I apologise again because this is all ill-informed speculation. I mainly outlined a pattern that I have seen in fields I know more about.

Always bear in mind the purpose of the study being conducted. Is the study for the advancement of the interest of ethnic minorities? Is the study being conducted an evaluative measure or just classification of ethnic minorities? If it is so, identify the urgent needs of the respondents and or affected minorities that the research can possibly address.

Hi,

You can write to the authors for a copy:

Not all online learning is created equal. As has been mentioned, it is up to the student to put their best into it if they want to get the best out of it. Quality of online learning is also very dependent on the quality of the instructor. Quality among instructors can vary widely!

If you want to test other people's attitudes towards people with HIV (a factor that causes stigma) you may benefit from our paper:

Dear Professor Ildefonso Gustavo Díaz Sandoval thank you so much for your contribution.

It seems normal and okay to me :)

Mahammed Faizan

By the way, I saw that you are from a "Hybrid Seed" production company. I figure that you are planning on doing some Okra hybrid seed production. If you use key word such as "Okra hybrid seed production" to google, you can find some useful info, such as how to do pollination. Following paper is one example. I guess the pollination efficiency will drop dramatically if you use stored pollens (?).

I found this pdf (short 2015 review) that discusses stigma assessment (both self-stigma and public stigma). There is a table at the end that provides a run down of a few attempts at this in the past that might prove useful. Good luck :)

I''m not a researcher. I'm an 80 year old college student and I don't have any expertise

Depending on your extraction solvents....

HPLC or GCMS will be a good start

Thank you for your response Lukasz Dominik Kaczmarek . In this respect, I wonder whether the church does, in fact, distinguish between the voluntary and respected priests' devotion to celibacy and the enforced moral requirement of non-heterosexuals to suppress their sexuality which would otherwise be viewed as sinful? I see there is both normative/moral difference as well as distinction in motivation and role of individual's choice.

Your work is very interesting, thanks for sharing

Hi Garett, that is a very interesting and emerging topic. In relation to possible questionnaires, I attach some studies that present some that may be useful:

-The first one (Cuskelly & Gilmore, 2017) looked at attitudes towards sexuality of people with disabilities:

-Another research (Hasson-Ohayon et al., 2014) compares the attitude towards sexuality of people with physical disability and mental illness:

-Additionally, there is a study (Verschuren et al., 2015) that analyzed sexual well-being in people with a limb amputation:

I hope they can be useful,

Best of luck

Internalized shame... misperception of conditions...

You can divide the scores automatically in 3 groups on SPSS. The you get 33% low, 33% medium and 33% high. You can also take the lowest 25% and the highest 25% and 25% from the middle and leave out 25%. We measured the stigmatizing attitudes with other means:

They could be worth: "The F Scale" on Adorno's prejudice and "The D Scale" on Rokeach's Dogamatism, since both are one of the most widely used measuring instruments for the apprehension of cognitive style in subjects; framing the tendency to stigmatization in what both classic and famous Scales measure.

@Derek Put an error term on Perceived Severity, Self-efficacy, External Barriers, and Perceived Benefits. Remove error term from Mental_yesno. Put a regression weight on one of the reflective paths from Perceived Severity, Self-efficacy, External Barriers, Perceived Benefits, Internalized Stigma, and Help Seeking. Hopefully it would run now.

We live in turbulent times and compacted by the COVID-19 pandemic, the issue of mental health is not only relevant but crucial. Mental health is more than the presence or absence of a mental illness. It is a crossroad between emotional, psychological, and physical well-being.

Have you checked this out?

See the research below, I hope it will be useful to you:

Check out all of the global work by Professor Graham Thornicroft. He seems to be the best informed of the global patterns of stigma with mental health.

Role of mental health professionals in dealing with the stigma attached to COVID-19

Interesting topic... need to explore in this area.

Hii,

If a CMS line has exerted stigma then that will be good for developing a good hybrid. Outcrossing potential will be more in that genotype.

How about when celebrities and leaders got infected?

President Donald Trump test positive for Covid-19

Thank You Jim VanSice...Its a helpful link

Perhaps it is worth debating the topic by asking what makes ASEAN countries different in relation to the study of stigma?

"Geology has not brought losses in any country of the world" (Antoine de Saint-Exupery, the author of "The Little Prince").

Dear Dr Adom

Thanks for your interesting question, They both also correlated with each other now in many contents!

Estimada Luz Dary Upegui, me parece interesante el estudio que estas realizando. Desde mi Universidad y la Universidad del Valle, estamos haciendo algo parecido con el el tema de representaciones sociales del coronavirus y educación. Si te interesa podriamos intercambiar información y hacer un trabajo mucho más colaborativo. Ya respondí tu encuesta, me pareció muy interesante, te envío la mia para me ayudes, de ser posible, a difundirla. Mil gracias

https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSdl8KF30f2G1sdShA8UgsPzz0_Hv6Q4ocxzcaUPwCfzhsZilQ/viewform?vc=0&c=0&w=1

Use all related key words.

We have discovered that the best way to modify negative attitudes towards something you do not understand or is prejudged towards is to get familiar with such a person. They can lecture in schools and the like.

Also use 70% ethanol to ensure complete sterilization, because the chlorine evaporates in water with the passage of time. if fungus still grows this indicates intercellular infection.

with greeting.

Well, the question asked is very generic and social exclusion covers wide range of variables that affect that specific community/group being discriminate both economically (job opportunities and freedom to do business etc) and socially (anxiety, stress, depression). Since the question asked is related to public space and services, yes it does affect the mindset of specific group being discriminated and it could be an intentional (state sponsored) act or unintentionally (by general public). The issue highlighted is prevailing in both developed and developing countries. The situation is worst in developing or under-developed regions where economy also play an important role. In worst cases, this discrimination results into hatred, anti-state retaliation and anarchy in the society. For explanation I want to refer to some examples and wish to include China, India and Pakistan.

The recent revocation of special status of Kashmir in India (as explained in article 370 of Indian constitution) and introduction of Muslim discriminated citizenship bill is damaging Indian economy to large extent. Both state and Muslim community have different narratives but you may consider it in your study.

( https://www.businesstoday.in/current/economy-politics/article-370-scrapped-how-kashmir-became-valley-no-investments-unemployment/story/370664.html )

About China, Uighur Muslims camps in Xinjiang, province is another example. ( https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-china-50511063 )

In Pakistan, after 9/11 when the initially known Mujahideen forces (trained and armed during soviet's Afghan invasion) later called Taliban with movement known as TTP (Tehrik e Taliban Pakistan) majorly consist of Pashtoon/Paktoon ethnic group widely populated in Afghan-Pakistan border areas were started being discriminate in other part of country, such as in news papers their cartoons were published to indirectly sent the message that this complete ethnic group is actually Taliban (Taliban is generalized to be pastoons) that is totally wrong. Anyway, this group is not considered an ethnic minority but again their movements were restricted in many part of Pakistan due to potential terrorist attack although recently security situation improves. ( https://www.dw.com/en/pashtuns-rise-up-against-war-taliban-and-pakistani-military/a-43309299 )

Another ethnic minority group called "Hazara" situated in Baluchistan province of Pakistan is being discriminate and even mass murdered since past few years due to their religious believe and ethnicity. The people of this community cannot use normal transport inside Quetta and other part of province. Public transporters don't allow them inside their buses due to potential threat of any terrorist attack. They directly excuse by referring, we cannot put the life of other passengers on risk. There movement is limited and they cannot do business in open market as recently most of the businessman from this community is targeted and killed. In past ten years about 100,000 members of this community migrated to Australia, Europe etc to seek asylum. The complete area is surrounded by security forces for past 6-7 years and its hard to say either the presence of security forces for this long period is for the protection or ... For more details, you may refer to

https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-22248500

https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-42219669

https://www.hrw.org/news/2018/04/30/pakistans-hazara-community-under-attack

The above mentioned analysis is my personnel opinion and I apologize if it hurts sentiment of any specific group/community. I am not sure if I answered the question asked appropriately.

Stigma and discrimination concerning HIV/AIDS has been shown to be a barrier to HIV prevention, voluntary counseling and testing, and care in many international settings. Most published stigma scales are not comprehensive, and have been primarily tested in developed countries. We sought to draw on existing literature to develop a scale with strong psychometric properties that could easily be used in developing countries. The 3 factors (Shame, blame and social isolation; discrimination; equity) has high internal consistency reliability and good divergent validity. Thus a comprehensive and standardized measure can be easily incorporated into questionnaires.

Check our scale for student nurses. In case you are interested in attitudes towards mental illness in general we have studied those in Sweden.

Please see this useful link.

Shay Ohayon S. Béatrice Marianne Ewalds-Kvist

Thank you so much for all your recommendations and suggestions.

Hello Tahmeed,

The key aspect of normality that you should be concerned with is that of normality of the residuals (differences between observed and estimated/predicted values on the DV) for the fitted model. So, set up the model, then look at the residual values. As you check for normality (graphically or via a goodness of fit test to the normal distribution), also look at whether residuals are consistently spread throughout the range of predicted values (homoscedasticity), and that they do not manifest any obvious trend.

Good luck with your work!

I haven't come across any questionnaires like that, but these articles may interest you:

Dear Mary C R Wilson

Thanks for your support.

I think that paper you suggested is a good one but not that much related to my quarries. Anyway, I am optimistic to receive similar responses from researchers like you.

Best wishes,

Samiul

Hi, John,

You are asking for opinions, so I will weigh in on the tax portion of your questions. Yes, I think it makes sense to collect tax, because to not do so presents a horizontal equity problem. If "sex workers" are, legitimately, workers, then why would they not be subject to the same general societal rules as other, non-sex workers? That is, to not tax them the same as other workers is to provide an indirect government subsidy to that industry, and you've not made the case that we should subsidize that work. (I don't have a case for that subsidy either.) There are times perhaps when their income will be too low for tax, and that's ok because income level is what exempts them from tax instead of industry, but my point is, if you're a legal worker and abide by the general tax code. You might review Adam Smith's Wealth of Nations work on how a good tax is a fair tax for support of my position.

Best of luck on your research.

Hi dear Ketan

I had seen this problem in the past. About my sample (Al Alloy), the shift has been related to quality of polished surface and the time, which the samples keep in SEM chamber (not vacuum chamber). when I hold on the sample in SEM chamber over 2 hours, my EBSD run was perfect without any shifting.

Dear Narayana

I hope following information may help you.

Download Epi Info user guide and go through 8 chapter. I hope you will get useful information.

Epi Info™ 7 User Guide – Chapter 8 - Visual Dashboard.

As I interpret the decision to select a statistical test depends upon the type of study, pattern of data & most importantly your objective.

Regards

This is more about Swedish pupils' attitudes towards drug use (which lead to experimentation with drugs):

Nice topic. But it will be wise not make any predetermined opinion like its stigma. It will be better to start from the neutral point of view because adult trafficking and child trafficking is different. Adults more know whats going on. So, even if they say its not their own wish sometimes they intended to go but things gone wrong in the way. So, it will be better if the hidden psychological issues came out through this research.

I came across these resources:

This article may help you

Goldberg, A. E. & Smith, J. Z. (2011). Stigma, Social Context, and Mental Health: Lesbian and Gay Couples Across the Transition to Adoptive Parenthood. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 58(1), 139-150. DOI: 10.1037/a0021684

Identity Found!

According to Christer Hansson, a specialist on Eulophidae, the species pictured is Wichmannia pictipennis Boucek, 1972. Originaly described from Tenerife (Canary Islands) parasitizing Scolytinae feeding on dead branches of Euphorbia spp. Posteriorly was referenced also for Madeira Island by Koponen & Askew in 2002. I thank also John Noyes for suggesting to contact C. Hansson.

Dear Ronan,

Many thanks for your insight.

I am indeed interested in medians because the SD from the mean seems to be large. I will follow the link carefully. Quantile regression is great.

Thank you very much

Thank you Muthana Makki Mohammedali and Michael Uebel for the recommendations. They were exactly what I was looking for.

Thank you Michael, both articles you recommended are helpful, especially the second one. My best, Michal

Stigma is many-sided - the perspectives of the stigmatized, the subjective statements of attitude of segments of the general population, the perspectives of those in a position of power, the perspectives of neutral raters who observe, compare, count, written rules and regulations, unwritten customs and habits, language use, media reports.....

HPARKER, A., J. TRAN, J. ISON, J. BAI, A. WEIS, AND J. THOMSON. 2015. Pollen packing affects the function of pollen on corbiculate bees but not non-corbiculate bees. Arthropod-Plant Interactions 9: 197-203.

This reference suggests that pollen loaded by corbiculate bees is less effective than pollen that has not been loaded into the pollen baskets