Static - Science topic

This paper examines the impact of trade provisions on treaty dynamism. It differentiates between static treaties, which remain unaltered, and dynamic treaties, which generate new commitments, either by bringing about additional rules or attracting new parties. We argue that incorporating trade provisions into multilateral environmental agreements (...

Purpose. The fundamental elements of core stability (CS) encompass the regulation of the lumbopelvic region, the endurance of the trunk, and the maintenance of balance. Assessments of these components have produced mixed results and this could be attributed to gender differences. This study aims to evaluate the relationships between core stability...

Many existing high-rise buildings in Japan conform to outdated codes and require seismic retrofit to meet current standards. While installing additional seismic devices is a proven solution, these devices usually bring additional stiffness, alter dynamic characteristics of structures and exacerbate uneven stress distribution. This paper proposes a...

This study introduces the Self-adaptive Emperor Penguin Optimizer (SA-EPO), a new variant that addresses the exploration-exploitation balance limitations of the original EPO due to its statics control parameters. SA-EPO integrates multiple parameter adaptation strategies with unique features and selection probabilities, enabling dynamic modificatio...

In this paper, a generalized method for error modeling of the spatial 1T2R three degrees of freedom (DOFs) kinematically redundant parallel mechanism with a closed-loop chain is proposed, which is based on the matrix differential method. Firstly, the detailed process of generalized error modeling and error analysis are described. Based on the propo...

In arid areas, the intricate interconnections and competition among water, agriculture, and ecology are particularly pronounced. Enhancing the synergy within the water-agriculture-ecology (WAE) system, while seeking common ground of competing sectors, presents a formidable challenge in managing water and land resources. In this study, the synergy o...

Abstrak. Keluhan muskuloskeletal sering dialami guru karena tuntutan fisik yang tidak ergonomis, posisi kerja statis, dan aktivitas berulang. Aktivitas mengajar dalam waktu lama serta tugas administratif menjadi faktor risiko utama. Pengabdian bertujuan mengidentifikasi upaya pencegahan dan penanganan gangguan muskuloskeletal. Metode yang digunakan...

Jute Geotextiles (JGT) may be used for separation, filtration, topsoil erosion control, and short-term reinforcement. For these applications, it is important to know the wide-width tensile strength and static puncture strength of two variants of JGT, i.e., 627 gsm and 724 gsm. Currently, these tests are carried out at rates of (10 ± 3) mm per minut...

Next Generation communications aim to improve Quality of Service (QoS) via ultra-reliable low latency communication (URLLC), enhanced Mobile Broadband (eMBB), and massive machine type communication (mMTC). However, interference poses challenges in wireless domains. Interference mitigation is a fundamental goal, enabling centralized routing-based in...

In Hungarian design practice, the Zimmermann-Eisenmann quasi-static design method is employed to dimension track structures with embedded rails. This method determines the mean values of deformations and stresses using an infinitely long elastically embedded beam as the static frame. After establishing these mean values, the effects of track condit...

Studies have shown that students have different help-seeking behavior patterns and tendencies and furthermore, that students with certain help-seeking behavior patterns and tendencies may have poor performance (i.e., at-risk students). This study applied an educational data mining approach, including clustering and classification, to analyze studen...

Deep beams are favorable in resisting high load creating shear due to their reduced span to depth ratio; nonetheless, they are known to produce diagonal shear brittle failure under service load including its own weight. A lightweight structure is required to reduce the overall load. In this study, seven lightweight deep beams were constructed using...

In dynamic environments, rapid changes in wireless channels make MIMO channel estimation and beam assignment based on traditional communication algorithms a great challenge. In this study, we try to solve the dynamic channel model by approximate inference and propose a method based on Stein’s variational gradient descent. By taking advantage of the...

In this paper, a simplified mathematical model of distributed PV grid-connection is constructed under two control strategies based on the basic principles of distributed generation system. After that, the mapping relationship between the input data and the output predicted value is obtained by the time series prediction method, on the basis of whic...

In order to further improve the recognition rate and optimize the efficiency of wushu sparring action judging, this paper designs a wushu sparring action recognition model based on extracting the advantages of the skeletal point action recognition model with ResNet50 as the basic framework, adding the self-attention mechanism and CBAM attention mod...

This paper mainly focuses on the problem of compression ratio caused by dictionary storage structure and dictionary updating method, and improves LZW. Then use the gray correlation to analyze the physical attributes between big data, select the data with strong correlation, use BP neural network to train the model, and put the trained model into th...

In order to solve the energy consumption in wireless sensor networks and improve the network quality assurance, this paper uses reinforcement learning algorithm to reduce the energy waste while making the network nodes form a multi-path transmission topology MPHR in a complex place with uneven distribution of sensor nodes.After that, Gibbs distribu...

Cyber deception has emerged as a pivotal defensive strategy in the effort to detect and counter advanced persistent threats and sophisticated attacks. However, the implementation of conventional methods, such as decoy services, frequently lacks the credible support necessary to optimize their effectiveness. Generally, honeypot and honeytoken system...

Underwater acoustic sensor networks (UASNs), which are formed by a number of interconnected mobile vehicles and static sensors, have emerged as a promising solution to explore and utilize the ocean resources. Typically, the localization, communication and control are the fundamental services for the applications of UASNs. Although they are closely...

The foremost cause of harmonic contamination is the ample utilization of loads of non-linear type such as static power converters. Because of this load, the input power factor (PF) decreases heavily as they draw a current of non-sinusoidal in nature. This article gives a general presentation investigation of two PF rectification (PFR) converter (PF...

TСтаття присвячена дослідженню впливу релігійно-філософського модусу семантики ад’єктива славьныи на його використання у функції хвалебного епітета в статичних соціально-етичних портретах особи в писемних східнослов’янських пам’ятках ХІ–ХІІІ ст. З’ясовано синтагматичні зв’язки слова славьныи, особливості використання формульних словосполучень «чест...

Reinforced concrete domes with meridian ribs present a suitable solution for covering large spaces, but their optimization in terms of strength and stability remains a challenge not yet mastered. This work presents a new global mathematical approach to optimizing these structures, starting with a primary configuration braced at the top and bottom w...

PM technology is considered as a sustainable way of manufacturing high performance parts. Recently, the electrification trend in global industry requires rather higher performance and tighter tolerance of PM parts than ever. Therefore, a suitable manufacturing process needs to be selected based on the stringent component requirement, reaching near...

Continuous deep beams (CDBs) expose usually to repeated and cyclic load by loading and unloading states and the wave of an earthquake. Adding scraped tires rubber to the concrete mix (which is researcher interesting nowadays) improves its dynamic properties besides the sustainability purposes. Six CDBs were cast and tested experimentally under stat...

This study presents a comprehensive numerical analysis of dynamic rupture and fault-induced seismic risks in deep roadway excavation environments, focusing on near-fault conditions. A quantitative assessment was conducted for faults within 5 m of the roadway, a critical range for evaluating heightened seismic risks. Our results demonstrate that wit...

This article examines to what extent life course changes are associated with the likelihood to start humanitarian volunteering, and how many people start, quit or continue humanitarian volunteering over a longer time period, in the Netherlands. Using rich panel data from 2008 to 2022, we test hypotheses derived from influential theories on resource...

Wearable thermoelectric devices, capable of converting body heat into electrical energy, provide the potential driving power for the Internet of Things, artificial intelligence, and soft robotics. However, critical parameters have long been overlooked for these practical applications. Here, we report a three-dimensional flexible thermoelectric devi...

The shadows and photon spheres are investigated for both static and rotating traversable wormholes. In particular, with a red-shift function constructed in combination with two distinct shape functions, the null geodesic equation is found to predict the light trajectory. To explore observable phenomena and gain a deeper understanding of the gravita...

We propose a generalization of the adaptive N-Intertwined Mean-Field Approximation (aNIMFA) model studied in Achterberg and Sensi [Nonlinear Dyn. 111, 12657–12670 (2023)] to a heterogeneous network of communities. In particular, the multigroup aNIMFA model describes the impact of both local and global disease awareness on the spread of a disease in...

Recently, there has been active research on utilizing GPUs for the efficient processing of large-scale dynamic graphs. However, challenges arise due to the repeated transmission and processing of identical data during dynamic graph operations. This paper proposes an efficient processing scheme for large-scale dynamic graphs in GPU environments with...

Chaotic systems near black holes satisfy a universal bound, $$\lambda \le \kappa _H$$ λ ≤ κ H linking the Lyapunov coefficient $$\lambda $$ λ associated with unstable orbits to surface gravity $$\kappa _H$$ κ H of the event horizon. A natural question is whether this bound is satisfied by unstable circular null geodesics in the vicinity of black ho...

Vehicular Internet of Things (V-IoT) systems will be critical in advancing intelligent transportation networks because of the easy communication they make possible between vehicles, roadside infrastructure, and other network entities. Integrating adaptive IoT-based communication models will increase resource utilization and allow multiple communica...

Motorcyclists tend to sustain severer injuries in crashes than vehicle occupants. To be able to reduce motorcycle-involved crashes and motorcyclists' injury severities, many previous studies have been conducted to identify injury contributing factors. With the implementation of many countermeasures geared at improving road safety, recent studies ha...

To address the limitations of traditional concrete barriers in practical applications, this study proposes a novel semi-assembled concrete barrier utilizing ultra high performance concrete (UHPC) as the barrier shell material. The thin shell of the barrier is prefabricated using UHPC and filled with normal concrete (NC) to form a protective structu...

Medical Physics education is delivered through accredited programs with admissions and funding for students determined by individual institutions providing the educational experiences. Public data from accredited graduate programs, along with funding data, were used to analyze institutional trends in this educational market. Temporal trends from 20...

In this study, we analytically examine the behavior of a fermion-antifermion pair near the horizon of a static BTZ black hole using a fully covariant two-body Dirac equation with a position-dependent mass. This formulation leads to a set of four first-order equations that can be reduced to a second-order wave equation, enabling the analysis of grav...

Since the 1960s, theorists have claimed that the electroweak force, which unifies parity-conserving electromagnetic and parity-violating weak nuclear forces, induces tiny parity-violating energy differences (10−10–10−21 eV) between mirror-image molecules. This study reports the dual mirror-symmetry-breaking and second-order phase transition charact...

We present a nontrivial extension of the problem of spherical accretion of a collisionless kinetic gas into the standard Schwarzschild black hole. This extension consists of replacing the Schwarzschild black hole by generic static and spherically symmetric black hole spacetimes with the aim of studying the effects of either modified gravitational t...

Partial discharge is considered one of the main reasons for insulation degradation. To investigate the effect of suspended discharge on oil-paper insulation degradation under mechanical vibration, a test platform for suspended electrode-paper insulation degradation was constructed. Experimental studies were conducted under static and mechanical vib...

Precise Point Positioning (PPP) is a modern satellite-based technique known for its simplicity, efficiency, and cost-effectiveness, eliminating the need for a reference or base station. This study evaluates the accuracy of Precise Point Positioning (PPP) solutions for both static and kinematic observations using the CSRS-PPP service. To ensure a fa...

Citation: ELFakkoussi, S.; Gouzi, M.B.; Elkhalfi, A.; Vlase, S.; Scutaru, M.L. Integrate the Isogeometric Analysis Approach Based on the T-Splines Function for the Numerical Study of a Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG) Cylinder Subjected to a Static Load. Appl. Sci. 2025, 15, 3102. Abstract: LGP cylinders are necessary for fuel storage and home heating...

We elucidate the requirements for quantum operations that achieve environment-assisted invariance (envariance), a symmetry of entanglement. While envariance has traditionally been studied within the framework of local unitary operations, we extend the analysis to consider non-unitary local operations. First, we investigate the conditions imposed on...

Accurate survival prediction in oncology requires integrating diverse imaging modalities to capture the complex interplay of tumor biology. Traditional single-modality approaches often fail to leverage the complementary insights provided by radiological and pathological assessments. In this work, we introduce M4Survive (Multi-Modal Mamba Modeling f...

Cooperative perception enabled by Vehicle-to-Everything (V2X) communication holds significant promise for enhancing the perception capabilities of autonomous vehicles, allowing them to overcome occlusions and extend their field of view. However, existing research predominantly relies on simulated environments or static datasets, leaving the feasibi...

This research aimed to investigate the potential use of tire shreds encapsulated in wraparound geogrid sheets in improving the behavior of fine sandy beds. A series of tests were performed on tire-shred-sand mixtures reinforced with geogrid layers under static loading. The experiment used planar geogrids and geogrid wraparound layers to reinforce t...

The generalized uncertainty connection between the fluctuations of a quantum observable and its temporal derivative is derived in this study, we demonstrate that the product of an observable's uncertainties and its time derivative is bounded by half the modulus of the expectation value of the commutator between the observable and its derivative, us...

The integration of technology into educational institutions has led to the generation of vast data, creating opportunities for Educational Data Mining (EDM) to improve learning outcomes. This study introduces a novel feature selection model, “Dynamic Feature Ensemble Evolution for Enhanced Feature Selection” (DE-FS), which combines traditional meth...

Aim: To test sensitivity of the Segmental Assessment of Trunk Control (SATCo) to changes in neutral vertical (NV) head and trunk control in children with neuromuscular disorders (NMD) and compared with typically developing (TD) children. Methods: In this observational cross-sectional study, SATCo was applied in 19 children with NMD (10y6m(3y7m), 2...

Adjustable Compression Devices (ACDs), also known as wraps, offer a promising alternative treatment to bandages in complicated stages of chronic venous disorders. Nevertheless their characterisation and clinical place depending on their stiffness, are still pending questions. We propose a new approach to measuring stiffness in vivo in a small group...

Introduction With the advancement of power electronic devices toward intelligent high-frequency operation and the widespread integration of distributed renewable energy sources, electrical power quality issues, particularly those arising from superharmonics, are becoming increasingly significant. The non-stationary and wide-frequency characteristic...

Using the example of a Dirac particle in external static fields, when the scalar potential is much smaller than the rest energy of the Dirac particle, the Dirac theory is reformulated as a single-particle quantum theory in the space of two-component unit spinors. In this formulation, the Dirac Hamiltonian is `split' into two different two-component...

The hysteresis in the shock-induced thrust vector nozzle is investigated in the present study by manipulating the pressure at both the primary and secondary inlets. Employed pressure control functions are linear, sine, and cosine, respectively. Computational results demonstrate that the static pressure on the monitored upper nozzle wall exhibits ev...

Context. A magnetized plasma cloud acts as a magnetic obstacle to an external plasma flow. We used an analytical approach to examine forces acting on a spherical static obstacle, which can be applied to the kinematic analysis of the obstacle’s motion. Aims. We aimed to determine the magnetic field in the sheath region around a spherical obstacle fo...

The basic parameters of two natural non-metallic raw materials from R.N. Macedonia have been defined: white opalized tuff from the locality of Strmosh and, diatomaceous earth from the locality of Slavishko Pole as potential materials for water filtration. Two different sets of water filtrations were carried out for each material with a previously p...

As the adoption of electric vehicles (EVs) continues to rise, the pressure on charging station resources has intensified, particularly under high-load conditions, where limited charging infrastructure struggles to meet the growing demand. Issues such as uneven resource allocation, prolonged charging wait times, fairness concerns among different use...

The magnetic properties of transition metals are strongly affected by electron correlations. Dynamic approximations improving upon the static mean field must be applied to obtain a realistic description of the low-temperature magnetic behavior. The existing theories with dynamic quantum fluctuations fail to continuously match the ordered with the d...

In an observational field experiment we explored the effects of dynamic versus static eye-catchers in shop windows on consumer behavior: Do more passers-by stop in front of a shop window when there is movement? Do they look at the display for longer? Does the type of movement (e.g. speed and constancy) make a difference? To understand how aesthetic...

This article investigates the mechanical properties of linden green wood, setting out the results of three approaches to assessing tree stability and strength aimed at improving the safety evaluation of living trees. Due to the high moisture content (MC) of green wood and its significant impact on its mechanical properties, data from dried specimen...

We study a class of scalar field models coupled to impurities in arbitrary spacetime dimensions. The system admits the introduction of a second-order tensor that can be forced to obey an equality, if a first-order differential equation is satisfied, compatible with the equation of motion when the potential engenders a very specific form. In the cas...

Aiming at the problem of abnormal wear caused by the poor dynamic characteristics of aeroengine segmented annular seals, according to the hydrodynamic lubrication theory, based on the conventional structure featuring the Rayleigh step profile rectangular pocket (RP), novel structures with the circumferential linear convergent pocket (CLCP) and the...

We design differentially private algorithms for the problem of prediction with expert advice under dynamic regret, also known as tracking the best expert. Our work addresses three natural types of adversaries, stochastic with shifting distributions, oblivious, and adaptive, and designs algorithms with sub-linear regret for all three cases. In parti...

Electronic supercrystals can form in spatial or temporal dimensions where traditional mechanisms usually require many-body interactions, such as Wigner crystals or discrete time crystals. We propose an approach for electronic supercrystals in 1 + 1 D without requiring many-body interactions, but arising from the competition between characteristic s...

Introduction Excessive lag screw sliding after cephalomedullary nail fixation of intertrochanteric fractures can be problematic. Set screws are typically inserted to engage the lag screw and backed off to allow for sliding. The purpose of this study was to determine whether statically locking set screws affected lag screw sliding or cutout. Method...

Obstacle avoidance is crucial for the successful completion of UAV missions. Static and dynamic obstacles, such as trees, buildings, flying birds, or other UAVs, can threaten these missions. As a result, safe path planning is essential, particularly for missions involving multiple UAVs. Collision-free paths can be designed in either 2D or 3D enviro...

Dynamic and static components in scenes often exhibit distinct properties, yet most 4D reconstruction methods treat them indiscriminately, leading to suboptimal performance in both cases. This work introduces SDD-4DGS, the first framework for static-dynamic decoupled 4D scene reconstruction based on Gaussian Splatting. Our approach is built upon a...

Songbirds are renowned for their complex vocal communication abilities; among them, zebra finches (Taeniopygia guttata) are a key species for studying vocal learning and communication. Zebra finches use various calls with different meanings, including the distance call, which is used for long-distance contact. Whether these calls are static with fi...

In the present article, we classify conformally flat weakly Ricci-symmetric space-times and obtain that they represent Robertson–Walker space-times. Furthermore, we provethat a Ricci-recurrent weakly Ricci-symmetric space-time is static and a Ricci-semi-symmetric weakly Ricci-symmetric space-time does not exist. Further, we acquire the conditions u...

Objective This study aimed to evaluate the accuracy and clinical impact of implant placement by novice implant clinicians in the narrow anterior ridge by fully guided (FG), pilot-guided (PG), and freehand (FH) placements. Materials and Methods A maxillary surgical model with missing incisors and a narrow ridge was designed. Two implants were planne...

Dynamic imaging involves the reconstruction of a spatio-temporal object at all times using its undersampled measurements. In particular, in dynamic computed tomography (dCT), only a single projection at one view angle is available at a time, making the inverse problem very challenging. Moreover, ground-truth dynamic data is usually either unavailab...

Background Retrograde superior ramus screw of pubis (SRSP) is a new kind of pelvic minimally invasive internal fixation apparatus developed by our team. The purpose of this study was to analyze the biomechanical stability of this new minimally invasive pelvic internal fixation device, and to provide this new device with theoretical basis for clinic...

Autonomous vehicles must be aware of dynamic and static objects, road lanes, road signs, and road markings. Recent autonomous vehicles awareness studies adaptable to various road environments continue, it is necessary to construct datasets that accurately reflect the real driving environment. The existing datasets consist of annotations that focus...

As Augmented Reality (AR) and Artificial Intelligence (AI) continue to converge, new opportunities emerge for AI agents to actively support human collaboration in immersive environments. While prior research has primarily focused on dyadic human-AI interactions, less attention has been given to Human-AI Teams (HATs) in AR, where AI acts as an adapt...

We analyze the near-horizon symmetries of static, axisymmetric, four-dimensional black holes with spherical and toroidal horizon topologies in vacuum general relativity. These black hole solutions, collectively referred to as local/distorted black holes, are known in closed form and are not asymptotically flat. Building on earlier works in the lite...

We introduce Reangle-A-Video, a unified framework for generating synchronized multi-view videos from a single input video. Unlike mainstream approaches that train multi-view video diffusion models on large-scale 4D datasets, our method reframes the multi-view video generation task as video-to-videos translation, leveraging publicly available image...

The Quasi-harmonic Approximation (QHA) is a widely used method for calculating the temperature dependence of lattice parameters and the thermal expansion coefficients from first principles. However, applying QHA to anisotropic systems typically requires several dozens or even hundreds of phonon band structure calculations, leading to high computati...

This study explores the microwave (MW) drying of Melia dubia wood, with acomprehensive approach that addresses various facets. The primary objectives were to examine drying behavior and the evaluation of drying defects. The drying rates for various treatments were calculated both above and below the Fiber Saturation Point (FSP). The most optimal tr...

Current 3D stylization techniques primarily focus on static scenes, while our world is inherently dynamic, filled with moving objects and changing environments. Existing style transfer methods primarily target appearance -- such as color and texture transformation -- but often neglect the geometric characteristics of the style image, which are cruc...

This paper deals with the issue of conceptual models’ role in capturing semantics and aligning them to serve the remaining development phases of systems design. Specifically, the entity-relationship (ER) model is selected as an example of conceptual representation that serves this purpose in building relational database systems. It is claimed that...

Static maps and animations remain popular in spatial epidemiology of dengue, limiting the analytical depth and scope of visualizations. Over half of the global population live in dengue endemic regions. Understanding the spatiotemporal dynamics of the four closely related dengue serotypes, and their immunological interactions, remains a challenge a...

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly applied to outpatient referral tasks across healthcare systems. However, there is a lack of standardized evaluation criteria to assess their effectiveness, particularly in dynamic, interactive scenarios. In this study, we systematically examine the capabilities and limitations of LLMs in managing tasks...

Over recent years it has become well accepted that user interest is not static or immutable. There are a variety of contextual factors, such as time of day, the weather or the user's mood, that influence the current interests of the user. Modelling approaches need to take these factors into account if they want to succeed at finding the most releva...

We propose a fast and dynamic algorithm for Density-Based Spatial Clustering of Applications with Noise (DBSCAN) that efficiently supports online updates. Traditional DBSCAN algorithms, designed for batch processing, become computationally expensive when applied to dynamic datasets, particularly in large-scale applications where data continuously e...

Relevance of the ‘complexity factor’ in the studies of relativistic self-gravitating objects has become an area of intense research in recent years. To investigate the role of various factors contributing to the ‘complexity factor’ and subsequent occurrence of ‘cracking’ within a self-gravitating star, in this paper, we develop a new class of exact...

The primary challenge in continuous sign language recognition (CSLR) mainly stems from the presence of multi-orientational and long-term motions. However, current research overlooks these crucial aspects, significantly impacting accuracy. To tackle these issues, we propose a novel CSLR framework: Orientation-aware Long-term Motion Decoupling (OLMD)...

Understanding the deformation mechanism and behaviour of adjacent tunnels subjected to dynamic train loads provides vital technical insights for engineering design. This study conducted a detailed analysis and revealed that tunnel excavation significantly affects the stability of adjacent existing tunnels under dynamic loads. First, we developed a...

Multi-connectivity (MC) for aerial users via a set of ground access points offers the potential for highly reliable communication. Within an open radio access network (O-RAN) architecture, edge clouds (ECs) enable MC with low latency for users within their coverage area. However, ensuring seamless service continuity for transitional users-those mov...

The field equations of static, spherically symmetric geometries generated by anisotropic fluids is investigated with the aim of better understanding the relation between the matter and the emergence of minimal area throats, like in wormhole and black bounce scenarios. Imposing some simplifying restrictions on the matter, which amounts to considerin...