Staining - Science method

Background Endometrial pathology is a recognized contributor to infertility and recurrent implantation failure, but its detection during hysteroscopy, particularly in the absence of visible lesions, is challenging. Chromohysteroscopy, involving the use of methylene blue dye, has shown promise in improving diagnostic accuracy. Methods This interven...

An oral pathologist can explore the world of intricate features in complicated tissues thanks to this visual speciality. Because our eyes are more accustomed to seeing normal morphology in cells and structures, we can become stuck in a state of flux when we encounter specific ill cells or bodies. Although they may appear to be deceiving, they aid t...

Background: BIRC6, regarded as the pivotal member of the inhibitor of the apoptosis (IAP) family, has been linked to the development of different types of cancer in humans. The objective of this study was to examine the expression of BIRC6 in various oral conditions, including OLP with dysplasia (OLPD), hyperkeratosis (HK), OLP, epithelial dysplasi...

Catapult-assisted takeoff is the initiation of flight missions for carrier-based aircrafts. Ensuring the safety of aircrafts during catapult-assisted takeoff requires a thorough analysis of their motion characteristics. In this paper, a rigid–flexible coupling model using the Finite Element Method and Multibody Dynamics (FEM-MBD) approach is develo...

Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) and large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma (LCNEC) have recently been grouped as lung neuroendocrine carcinomas (NECs). Because these lung NECs are clinically malignant and their treatment strategies differ from those of non-SCLC, the quality of diagnosis has a significant prognostic impact. The diagnosis of LCNEC require...

The processing of light-color wood often has problems due to blue stain, which can reduce the quality and economic value of the wood. This research aimed to evaluate the intensity of blue stain attack on five light-color woods and the effect on their mechanical properties. Pine, rubber, jabon, sengon, and gmelina logs with an average diameter of 30...

Stain resistance is one of the important characteristics of exterior wall latex coatings in cities. Adding silica sol to the coating can increase its stain resistance. However, there is currently limited research on the long-term natural exposure test of latex coatings. This paper first investigates the influence of different amounts of silica sol...

Background Deep convolutional neural networks (DNN) have been successfully applied to the detection and segmentation of objects in gigapixel digital slides. In this study, trained laboratory technologists utilized a DNN-assisted digital workflow (Techcyte, Inc.; Orem, UT) to evaluate clinical stool specimens for the presence and identification of p...

Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui histopatologis aorta tikus putih (Rattus norvegicus) setelah pemberian teh kombucha kadar 75% dengan variasi waktu fermentasi. Penelitian ini menggunakan tikus putih (Rattus norvegicus) jantan sebanyak 16 ekor umur 2 bulan, dengan perlakuan Teh kombucha yang difermentasi selama 6, 9 dan 12 hari pada suhu 25oC...

Numerous brain imaging studies have reported white matter alterations in schizophrenia, but the lipidome analysis of the corresponding tissue remains incomplete. In this study, we investigated the lipidome composition of six subcortical white matter regions corresponding to major axonal tracks in both control subjects and schizophrenia patients. Al...

The relationship between cervicitis and fertility has been poorly studied in dairy cows. Endocervical inflammation, determined by an increase of polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN), is linked with lower hazard of pregnancy. The objective of the present study was to evaluate if an increase in PMN in the cervical mucosa is associated with decreased fe...

Gastric cancer is one of the most common malignancies worldwide, and the third leading cause of cancer-related death. The identification of novel biomarkers and therapeutic targets is critical to improve the prognosis. A total of 380 patients with primary gastric cancer from the TCGA database were analyzed. The receiver operating characteristic cur...

Deep learning is revolutionising pathology, offering novel opportunities in disease prognosis and personalised treatment. Historically, stain normalisation has been a crucial preprocessing step in computational pathology pipelines, and persists into the deep learning era. Yet, with the emergence of feature extractors trained using self- supervised...

Zymography is a commonly used biochemical technique for detecting and analyzing enzyme activity using gel electrophoresis and substrate staining. This review traces the chronological advancements in zymography, from its origins with the pioneering fibrin-plate methods in the 1940s to the recent innovations in multi-substrate applications. It unders...

There exist at least three different pools of cholesterol in the plasma membrane: the essential pool, the sphingomyelin-sequestered pool, and the accessible pool (Radhakrishnan et al, 2020). Ciliary Hedgehog signaling is regulated by the accessible pool of cholesterol (Kinnebrew et al, 2019), and His-mNeon-FLAG-ALOD4, a toxin-based probe, can be us...

Multiplex staining enables simultaneous detection of multiple protein markers within a tissue sample. However, the increased marker count increased the likelihood of staining and imaging failure, leading to higher resource usage in multiplex staining and imaging. We address this by proposing a deep learning-based MA rker imputation model for multip...

P53 is a tumor suppressor gene that is mutated in numerous types of cancer. The aim of the present study was to determine the frequency of this mutation in cutaneous mela-nomas and to conduct clinicopathological characteristics and clinical outcome association analyses with the P53 mutation. P53 immunohistochemical staining was used as a surrogate...

A 55-year-old male patient with single and well-circumscribed nodule in the lower lip. Accurate diagnosis is based only on his-topathological examination using hematoxylin and eosin and immunohistochemical approach, which a large, organized thrombus within thedilated lumen of a poorly demarcated vein, associated with papillary projections of endoth...

Debates persist regarding the impact of Stain Normalization (SN) on recent breast cancer histopathological studies. While some studies propose no influence on classification outcomes, others argue for improvement. This study aims to assess the efficacy of SN in breast cancer histopathological classification, specifically focusing on Invasive Ductal...

Introduction To evaluate the efficacy of optimized pulse technology in treating chalazia. Methods Prospective before-after study. All patients received two sessions of optimal pulse technology (OPT) with an interval of 1 week. The first visit was before treatment and the patients underwent 2 treatment sessions with a 1-week interval. The non-invas...

The microfibril angles (MFAs), relative crystallinity index (RC), and crystallite width (CrW) of compression wood (CPW), lateral wood (LTW), and opposite wood (OPW) in Agathis (Agathis loranthifolia) and Sumatran Pine (Pinus merkusii) stem wood were observed and compared to obtain valuable information on wood quality for effective utilization. The...

Simple Summary N6-methyladenosine (m⁶A) is an important modification for genes. Hair follicle development is crucial for the animal fur economy. To improve the quality of animal fur and solve the problem of baldness in people, we explored the regulatory mechanism of m⁶A on rabbit hair follicles and found that five methylases regulated the developme...

This protocol is to provide a detail instruction on the immuno fluorescence staining on human gut mucosal biopsy that has been preserved in FFPE and sectioned at 5 micron thickness. The fixation for the tissues was 24 hour at room temperature in 10% neutral buffered formalin. Target retrieval needs optimization is fixation, sectioning conditions ch...

To digital grade the staining color fastness of fabrics after rubbing, an automatic grading method based on spectral reconstruction technology and BP neural network was proposed. Firstly, the modeling samples are prepared by rubbing the fabrics according to the ISO standard of 105-X12. Then, to comply with visual rating standards for color fastness...

The Jurassic-Cretaceous transition (Sarayaquillo Fm-Cushabatay Fm.) of the northern part of the Huallaga basin presents an interesting copper mineral occurrence. In this way, the principal purpose of this short article is to investigate whether there is a relationship between the sedimentary facies and the mineralization. This study is based on dat...

In modern energy, various technologies for absorbing carbon dioxide from the atmosphere are being considered, including photosynthetic microalgae. An important task is to obtain maximum productivity at high concentrations of CO2 in gas–air mixtures. In this regard, the aim of the investigation is to study the effect of light intensity on the biomas...

In a forensic scenario, if biological stains are found in very small quantities, these are usually collected for DNA analyses, considered essential for the forensic investigation and thus excluding possible investigations by other forensic disciplines as forensic toxicology. We developed an experimental study to evaluate the feasibility of analyzin...

We present a case of recurrent OSSN in HIV positive individual and its successful management. Patient presented to us with slow growing painless greyish mass in temporal area in interpalpebral region. He was diagnosed with HIV 2 years back and was on HAART regimen. He underwent excision for a similar looking mass in same eye 2 years back at the sam...

Background: Bladder carcinoma (BC) ranks second among the genitourinary cancers worldwide. Influence of androgens and expression of androgen receptors in neoplasms are recent findings which were implicated in the development of BC. We aimed to study androgen receptor (AR) expression in bladder urothelial neoplasms and correlate its expression with...

OBJECTIVE: This study aims to investigate potential differences in the presence of Transforming Growth Factor-Beta 1 (TGF-β1) between the vein walls of patients with varico-cele and those of healthy individuals. PATIENTS AND METHODS: The study comprised a total of 40 participants, divided into two groups. The control group (Group 1) consisted of 20...

Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) and large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma (LCNEC) have recently been grouped as lung neuroendocrine carcinomas (NECs). Because these lung NECs are clinically malignant and their treatment strategies differ from those of non-SCLC, the quality of diagnosis has a significant prognostic impact. The diagnosis of LCNEC require...

A Canadian research team recently published a study in ACS Omega reporting that an essential oil produced using Rhododendron subarcticum leaves was effective at inhibiting the growth of Plasmodium falciparium parasites (IC50 = 105nM).1 The parasite stain tested in that study was reported to be a drug-resistant strain, although the authors did not d...

Objective: To study the changes in number of chondrons in tangential zone of male human articular cartilage in advancing age. Methods: Forty samples of articular cartilage were collected from right knees of male dead bodies ageing between 21 60 years and placed into four groups. After tissue processing and cutting, staining with H&E was done. The n...

BACKGROUND: The tumour-draining lymph node (TDLN) plays a pivotal role in the suppression of malignant tumour, however, the immunological profile and prognostic differences between large TDLN (L-TDLN) and small TDLN (S-TDLN) in colorectal cancer (CRC) remain unclear. METHODS: We conducted a study using data from the Chinese National Cancer Center (...

Road crack detection is an important indicator of road detection. In real life, it is very meaningful work to detect road cracks. With the rapid development of science and technology, especially computer science and technology, quite a lot of methods have been applied to crack detection. Traditional detection methods rely on manual identification,...

KIT protein is associated with the etiology of canine mast cell tumors (MCT); however, the expression patterns of KIT are highly variable. The aim of this study was to determine if KIT patterns are related with eosinophil count in MCT. Hematoxylin eosin and May Grünwald-Giemsa stain techniques were applied, histological grading and eosinophil count...

Bullet tuna (Auxis rochei Risso, 1810) is one of the neritic tuna species which has the second largest number of catches after small pelagic fish. The high potential for neritic tuna has a risk of continuous fishing pressure. This study presents mainly two biological indicators, the length at first capture (Lc=L50%) and the length at first maturity...

The tetrazolium test is a fast and effective method to determine seed viability. In this context, the objective was to adapt the methodology of the tetrazolium test, in relation to preconditioning, to determine the viability (Eugenia stipitata McVaugh ssp. sororia McVaugh) under different times of immersion in solution and seed size. The seeds of E...

Motivation Fluorescent microscopy imaging is vital to capturing single-cell spatial data, characterizing tissue organization and facilitating comprehensive analysis of cellular state. Advancements in fluorescent microscopy imaging technologies have enabled precise downstream cellular analysis, particularly in cell segmentation. Accurate segmentatio...

The gingival cyst of the adult (GCA) is a rare odontogenic cyst, consisting of 0.3% of all odontogenic cysts. This case report, based on CARE guidelines for case reports, aims to present a case of a 52-year-old female patient with a symptomatic translucent nodule in the upper left anterior gingiva, measuring approximately 6mm. Excisional biopsy was...

Background High oncogene expression in cancer cells is a major cause of rapid tumor progression and drug resistance. Recent cancer genome research has shown that oncogenes as well as regulatory elements can be amplified in the form of extrachromosomal DNA (ecDNA) or subsequently integrated into chromosomes as homogeneously staining regions (HSRs)....

Hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining has been widely used as a fundamental and essential tool for diagnosing diseases and understanding biological phenomena by observing cellular arrangements and tissue morphological changes. However, conventional staining methods commonly involve solution-based, complex, multistep processes that are susceptible to...

Background The relationship between Ebstein's Anomaly (EA) and myocardial fibrosis in the left ventricle (LV) has been debated. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of replacement fibrosis in the LV using cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging and correlate it with histopathological findings. The study also investigated whether LV fibrosi...

The aberrant expression of Stratifin (SFN) is intricately associated with the initiation and progression of numerous tumors. This study aims to investigate whether SFN regulates the metastasis of cervical cancer cells through the LIMK2/Cofilin signaling pathway. In this study, we compared the expression of SFN in normal cervical tissues and cervica...

We report the case of a 59-year-old female patient, a former smoker, who was diagnosed with bilateral pulmonary nodules. Extensive medical investigations were conducted, including a surgical lung biopsy, which led to the diagnosis of pulmonary amyloidoma. The diagnostic process was guided by the presence of a persistent, polymorphic, and nonspecifi...

Mesenchymal neoplasms with GLI1 alterations have recently been reported in several anatomic locations. Their morphology and immunohistochemistry (IHC) are nonspecific, making their recognition a true challenge. To assess the diagnostic value of GLI1 and p16 IHC for identifying GLI1-altered neoplasms, we evaluated 12 such neoplasms (6 GLI1-amplified...

Foraminiferal groups encompass vastly differing morphologies, ecological preferences and elemental/ isotopic test compositions. For some of these groups, the calcification mechanism is completely unknown, but is likely differing from that of well-studied groups. This study aimed to understand the test growth and calcification rate of Spirillina viv...

Background Approximately 20% of breast cancers express HER2-positive receptors in the USA. HER2 receptor immunohistochemistry (IHC) staining with equivocal (2+) results commonly undergoes fluorescence in-situ hybridization (FISH) for further classification. Current guidelines do not recommend routine FISH testing in IHC-negative (0 or 1+) cases. Th...

Senescent cells play a detrimental role in age-associated pathogenesis by producing factors involved in senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP). The present study was conducted to examine the possibility that senescent cells are present in aged ovaries and, if so, to determine the tissue region where senescent cells accumulate using a mous...

Background Striae distensae (SD), often referred to as stretch marks, are common linear lesions seen in individuals of all ages. Many treatment choices are available, not yet satisfactory. Amniotic fluid contains many growth factors which can be helpful in treatment of stretch marks. Aim of the work was to assess the efficacy and safety of irradia...

Immunocytochemical staining of microorganisms and cells has long been a popular method for examining their specific subcellular structures in greater detail. Recently, generative networks have emerged as an alternative to traditional immunostaining techniques. These networks infer fluorescence signatures from various imaging modalities and then vir...

This protocol details formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue sectioning on a microtome for subsequent tissue staining.

This research project aims to create teaching materials in the form of textbooks specifically designed for English courses, focusing on "English for Daily Activities" within the PAI study program at STAIN Mandailing Natal. The research methodology employed in this study is research and development, utilizing the ADDIE model (Analysis-Design-Develop...

Aim To investigate the tear function and ocular surface disease findings in glaucoma patients who received antiglaucomatous medication in one eye and trabeculectomy surgery in the other eye. Methods The patient group included 38 eyes of 19 patients who underwent trabeculectomy surgery with mitomycin C treatment in one eye at least 6 months ago and...

Background There is a high incidence of oral cancer and oral potential malignant disorder observed in southeast Asian countries such as India. Our study aimed to assess the correlation between screening and histopathological diagnosis and to predict the specificity and sensitivity of chair-side/field-based assessment of the oral lesion. Materials...

Context: Locally advanced breast cancers (LABC) are the most common women malignant tumors. Appropriate vasculature is required for tumor growth support, formed by involving protein signaling, including matrix metalloprotein 9 (MMP9) and C-X-C chemokine receptor type 4 (CXCR4). Neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) administration to inoperable LABC common...

Background Distinct molecular subtypes of muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC) have been identified via gene expression profiling. Objective We investigated the feasibility of a simple immunohistochemistry (IHC)-based Lund subtyping method and the association of MIBC subtypes with oncological outcomes for patients after bladder-preserving radiati...

The haploid and doubled haploid plants serve as valuable tools for breeders due to their ability to expedite the mapping of genes of agronomic importance, as well as accelerate the breeding cycle for generation of novel hybrids and improved homogenous varieties. Successful anther/microspore culture largely depends on the use of microspores at appro...

This study aimed to investigate the role of mitochondrial-related protein Mfn2 in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and its impact on oocyte development. The pathological features of PCOS model mice were confirmed by HE staining and immunohistochemistry. The expression of Mfn2 and mitochondrial-related proteins in PCOS oocytes and granulosa cells wa...

Background Idiopathic inflammatory myopathies (IIM) are a heterogeneous group of autoimmune diseases affecting primarily proximal muscles. Major subtypes include dermatomyositis, polymyositis, inclusion body myositis, immune-mediated necrotizing myopathy and antisynthetase syndrome. Overexpression of sarcoplasmic myxovirus-resistance protein A (MxA...

Granulomatous rosacea (GR) is a rare inflammatory skin disease characterized by persistent, hard, yellow, brown, red, or flesh-colored papules, plaques, or nodules on the face. Limited data are available on patients treated for GR, with only case reports and case series published. Herein, we describe the case of a 53-year-old woman who presented to...

The well-known seed-mediated approach was used to 13 synthesize gold nanorods stabilized by CTAB molecules. Due to the Helium Ion Microscope 14 (HIM) remarkable ability to reveal the real nature of the deposited entities, gold nanorod arrays at 15 symmetrical parts of the coffee-stain ring have been studied using this technique. The object of 16 th...

For engineering thermoplastics, particularly high density polyethylene (HDPE), the crack layer (CL) theory is an effective proposition for modeling slow crack growth and predicting their lifetime. Nevertheless, the associated excessive input parameters needed in its implementation sets a difficulty for its use. Therefore, an understanding of the ro...

An ideal root end filling material is the one which is biocompatible, easy to handle, dimensionally stable ,radio opaque, set in the presence of wet environment, have good compressive strength, non staining, have adequate working time and must be antibacterial in nature. Newer materials have been introduced over the years and two such materials are...

Background Understanding the spatial distribution of key immune cell populations in the tumor microenvironment is critical for our understanding of cancer and to develop novel drugs. While historically the spatial analysis of the tumor microenvironment has been limited by low plex methods like immunohistochemistry (IHC), iterative immuno-fluorescen...

Background The growing role of multiplex immunofluorescence (mIF) as an approach to single-cell characterization has revolutionized our understanding of the relationship between immunotherapy response and the tumor microenvironment (TME). Compared to conventional immunohistochemistry (IHC), mIF allows for the simultaneous visualization of multiple...

Background In order to understand the subcellular nature of the tumor microenvironment (TME), high quality imaging at single-cell resolution is needed as a basis for downstream biomarker quantitation and predicting patient outcomes. Here we investigate a sample of tonsil tissue with reactive lymphoid hyperplasia using whole slide, single-step stain...

Background In order to understand the subcellular nature of the tumor microenvironment (TME), high quality imaging at single-cell resolution is needed as a basis for downstream biomarker quantitation and predicting patient outcomes. Here we investigate a sample of an infiltrating squamous cell carcinoma of the tongue using whole slide, single-step...

Background Lung cancer, the worldwide leading cause of cancer-related deaths, is expected to account for over 127,000 deaths in the United States in 2023. Advances in the management of NSCLC are focused on effective patient selection for anti-PD-(L)1 immune checkpoint inhibition therapy, with multiple immunohistochemical (IHC) biomarkers in clinica...

Background The growing interest in antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) as promising therapies for multiple cancer types highlights the need for accurate approaches to detect ADC targets.1 2 While the conventional method to identify ADC targets is immunohistochemistry (IHC), using RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) could help improve detection by minimizing the d...