Sri Lanka - Science topic

The abstract titled 'PREVALENCE AND EMERGING TRENDS IN PRESCRIPTION DRUG ABUSE IN SRI LANKA' was presented via oral presentation at the 2nd International Symposium on Drug Related Studies, 2024, held at the National Dangerous Drugs Control Board, Sri Lanka.

Political interfaith initiatives in Sri Lanka play a crucial role in promoting religious harmony and reconciliation in a nation marked by ethnic and religious diversity. This study explores the involvement of women parliamentarians in these initiatives, focusing on their leadership and contributions toward fostering dialogue and peacebuilding. Desp...

Indoor air pollution

Astro-tourism, an emerging subset of the wider tourism sector, is dedicated to enticing individuals who are interested in astronomy and participation in Astronomical events. The primary objective of this study is to examine the level of awareness among international tourists regarding Sri Lanka's Astro-tourism sector and identify any latent opportu...

This book provides an overview of research and best practices associated with heritage tourism, with a particular focus on Vietnam, in conversation with heritage tourism in other Asian contexts. These include Iran in the Middle East, Sri Lanka in South Asia, Japan and China in East Asia, Thailand in Southeast Asia, and Brunei and the Philippines in...

Reading development forms the cornerstone of every child's educational journey, yet not all naturally acquire proficient reading skills, necessitating early identification and intervention. Sri Lanka currently lacks a comprehensive national programme to address reading difficulties. This study aims to create and validate a Psycholinguistic Screenin...

This research investigates the Mental Health (MH) and well-being of Information Technology Professionals (ITPs) working in Sri Lankan (SL) software companies. A qualitative approach was adopted, involving interviews with 28 ITPs to explore their experiences and perspectives. Thematic analysis revealed significant insights, including the prevalence...

Markets and its built environment, market infrastructure and market actors are essential components of the local food market system. City of Galle is renowned for its cultural heritage and architectural master pieces built in colonial periods. Systematic literature review highlighted that limited research attention on heritage buildings, especially...

The fisheries and aquaculture sector plays a vital role in Sri Lanka's economy and food security. The adoption of sustainable practices are crucial due to increasing pressure on marine ecosystems and resource inefficiencies. This study investigates the current trends and applications of circular economy (CE) principles in the fisheries sector and a...

The tea industry is considered an important sub-sector of agriculture, making significant contributions to the economies of most tea-exporting countries around the world. However, the tea production process, as an overall, is considered a high resource and energy-intensive process which leads to emissions such as industrial waste and greenhouse gas...

Women-owned enterprises mobilize various resources in order to overcome the structural, institutional and cultural disadvantages which they face. The objective of this paper is to investigate whether the Business Associations (BAs) help these women small scale enterprises in tourism sector to overcome their limitations. A novel contribution of this...

English Medium Instruction (EMI) has become an increasingly prominent phenomenon across South Asia, driven by its perceived association with global competitiveness and socioeconomic mobility. This review-based paper offers a comprehensive overview of EMI in the region, analyzing its historical origins, evolving role in education systems, and the ch...

The paper presents various media strategies used by private sector educational institutes in a highly competitive market.

there has been growing interest in medicinal plants due to their extensive use in traditional medicine and their potential for extracting active compounds used in drug production worldwide. As a tropical country, Sri Lanka boasts a rich diversity of flora and fauna, making it a significant reservoir of medicinal plants ranging from small herbaceous...

The female labor force participation (FLFP) rate is vital for socioeconomic growth, influencing productivity, economic progress, and gender equality. Despite advancements in women's digital and computer skills, Sri Lanka's FLFP remains low, averaging 34% over the past decade. The increasing digital skills among women present an opportunity to addre...

This study examines the effectiveness of sustainable marketing campaigns in promoting consumer awareness and engagement concerning sustainability issues in Nigeria, focusing specifically on Lagos State. The objective of this study was to determine the level of consumer awareness and engagement and ascertain the level of influence that a sustainable...

Purpose This study aims to examine the impact of digital literacy as a major component of digital inequality on the total income of individuals (a major component of economic inequality) in Sri Lanka, emphasizing the variations observed due to several demographic and geographical factors. Design/methodology/approach A baseline regression analysis...

This review examines the origins, evolution, and contemporary relevance of the caste system in Sri Lanka, with a focus on its development within the Sinhalese and Tamil communities. Drawing on historical chronicles such as the Mahavamsa, colonial records, and contemporary academic literature, the study examines how indigenous social structures, rel...

Historically, Bangladesh has a reputation for manufacturing a wide range of fabrics. Muslin, Cotton Tanta, Jamdani, Khadi, Tashar, and Rajshahi Silk were renowned worldwide for their finest weaves and delicate textures manufactured in local handlooms. Following the Industrial Revolution, Bangladesh's handloom lost its traditional glory. Meanwhile,...

Sri Lanka can foster sustainable economic growth by aligning its tourism industry with global trends such as sustainability, digital innovation and wellness tourism. By adopting circular economy principles, supporting community-driven initiatives and making strategic investments, the country can establish itself as a resilient and inclusive destina...

Learning and teaching are two processes. By combining these two processes, a person armed with knowledge makes valuable contributions to society, fostering progress in various fields. Learning is also a basic human need but due to the human incapability of learning everything alone, Public Libraries can be introduced as a community institution that...

Digital libraries can be introduced as a gateway to easily access information needed in the quest for knowledge. Everyone can access digital library using computer networks. Since the turn of the twenty-first century, there has been a phenomenal increase in the number of digital libraries and repositories the world over. This library concept is fam...

Southern Asia, encompassing countries marginal to the north Indian Ocean, represents nearly one-third of the jellyfishing grounds in Asia. Despite this, a comprehensive understanding of its fisheries has been limited. To address this gap, the present study conducted a detailed meta-analysis of jellyfish landings, exports, and imports in southern As...

Significant advances have been made in our ability to understand and generate emotionally expressive content such as text and speech, yet comparable progress in sign language technologies remain limited. While computational approaches to sign language translation have focused on capturing lexical content, the emotional dimensions of sign language c...

Banana (Musa spp.) is a commercially grown fruit crop in Sri Lanka, with 29 different cultivars grown in the country. This study aimed to compare the morphological, physical, chemical, nutritional, and functional properties of eight different banana cultivars (Seeni, Ambul, Kolikuttu, Puwalu, Rath kesel, Anamalu, Cavendish, and Ambon) commonly grow...

This highlights the real situation in Sri Lanka's prisons and the steps the government should take for prisoners.

Despite substantial international funding and institutional support aimed at promoting the use of the Right to Information (RTI) in Sri Lankan investigative journalism, the tangible outcomes and overall effectiveness remain unclear. While Sri Lanka's RTI law is often celebrated as one of the strongest in South Asia, its practical implementation rev...

Plankton are significant bioindicators that can be employed in water quality assessments. However, there is a notable scarcity of plankton-based water quality studies in the Colombo South canal system. The present study was carried out to assess water quality in three selected canals belonging to the Colombo South canal system with special referenc...

Background: Sri Lanka's contemporary workforce encompasses multiple generations working

Sri Lanka's higher education system is evolving rapidly. Alongside the long-established public university system, which has historically upheld rigorous academic standards, a vibrant private and transnational education sector has emerged. These global education providers, including campuses offering foreign diplomas and higher national qualificatio...

Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) is considered a water-soluble synthetic polymer with excellent film-forming, adhesive, and emulsifying properties. On the other hand, cellulose nanofibers (CNF), derived from natural cellulose, offer exceptional mechanical strength, biodegradability, and a high surface area. This research study focuses on the fabrication and...

The conservation of fish diversity is crucial for protecting endemic species, maintaining ecosystem balance, and preserving habitats. As bioindicators, their diversity reflects the health of aquatic ecosystems. The study, conducted at three sampling sites of Watawala Ella Falls, Ratnapura District, Sri Lanka, in November 2024 over 15 days, aimed to...

The banking sector in Sri Lanka faces increasing challenges in maintaining profitability due to evolving economic conditions, regulatory pressures and workforce dynamics. Employee motivation and job satisfaction play a crucial role in driving organizational performance and specific impact on banks profitability remains underexplored. This study add...

Tomato is one of the most important crops in agriculture; hence, optimization of its breeding program for the development of better cultivars and improved disease resistance is a key target. The present study tries to facilitate the selection of elite varieties from the large breeding program by easily identifiable phenotypic markers like hypocotyl...

The global population is undergoing a profound demographic shift characterised by declining fertility rates and increasing life expectancy, resulting in rapid population ageing. By 2050, the number of people aged 60 and older is projected to reach 2.1 billion, representing 21% of the global population (United Nations, 2019). Once a young nation, Sr...

Dengue fever has emerged as a significant public health concern in Sri Lanka, with rising incidence rates demanding effective intervention strategies. This study proposes a zero-inflated Poisson (ZIP) regression model to analyze dengue case data, addressing challenges such as excess zeros and unobserved heterogeneity. The dataset used in this study...

Ecological sensitivity in architecture refers to the integration of natural and sustainable elements into building design, construction, and operation. Modern architecture can learn from traditional building practices to achieve sustainability in the contemporary context. This study explores the ecological sensitivity of ancient and modern buil...

This comprehensive study explores the evolution of rubber cultivation in Sri Lanka, bridging centuries-old agroforestry practices with cutting-edge organic innovations. Focusing on the island’s transition to sustainable rubber production, the book highlights Sri Lanka’s role as a global pioneer in integrating traditional wisdom (e.g., Jori knife ta...

Coconut (Cocos nucifera L.) is cultivated worldwide because of its multiple uses. Based on the morphological characteristics of the coconut tree, when coconut is grown as a mono-crop, land use efficiency is very low. This study aimed to assess soil quality in various coconut-based agroforestry systems in the Makandura research station of the Coconu...

This study aimed to investigate, from the viewpoint of employers, how the caliber of accounting education impacts the job performance of accounting graduates in Sri Lanka. A total of five criteria were employed to assess the quality of accounting education: communication skills, ethical standards, digital competencies, foundational accounting knowl...

The ‘Designed to Smile’ (D2S) programme in Wales emphasizes the importance of evidence-based practice in public health. Continuous monitoring, evaluation, and adaptation based on research have made D2S a sustainable model for child oral health care, with a significant reduction in dental decay rates in Wales since its inception. Cost-effectiveness...

This study explores climate change’s symmetric and asymmetric impacts onrice production in Sri Lanka, a crucial sector for food security in the country.The analysis utilized Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) and Non-linearAutoregressive Distributed Lag (NARDL) models. This study analyses annual datafrom 1952 to 2022 to capture relationships amo...

The coconut palm (Cocos nucifera L.) is an important tropical tree crop grown extensively across the tropical belt of the world. In addition to their numerous food and non-food uses, coconut palm plays a vital role in mitigating climate change through carbon sequestration. Accurately quantifying the carbon sequestered by coconut palms is crucial fo...

This article provides a list of plants and trees and its role in the functioning of the small-tank eco-system in Sri Lanka.

The intertidal zones of coastal regions represent highly diverse ecosystems that maintain ecological equilibrium. The study focused on assessing avifaunal and invertebrate diversity in selected sites of the coastal zones of Dikkowita and Uswetakeiyawa coastline and data were collected in September 2024. Avifaunal diversity was assessed from 6 am to...

This study analyses the impact of exchange rate fluctuations on tourist arrivals to Sri Lanka using time series data from 1960 to 2023. Independent variables include the annual average exchange rates of the US Dollar, the British Pound, Japanese Yen (JPY) and Indian Rupee and a "Dummy" variable indicating the economic policy change in 1977 (0 for i...

This book contains information on 45 benchmark soils of the Dry zone of Sri Lanka and chapters on Climate, Geology, Soil Mineralogy etc.

Sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum L.) is the economically important tropical grass in the world. Sugarcane white leaf disease is caused by a phytoplasma transmitted by leafhopper vectors, posing a significant threat to sugarcane industries, especially in some Asian countries like Sri Lanka. Accurately monitoring white leaf disease (WLD) infection, e...

In the world central governments, local governments, and public sector organizations are realizing effects of unprecedented change, challenges due to complexity of infrastructure and frustration due to changing demands of the public. When considering the recent past of Sri Lanka which lead to major political changes and also instability within the...

ABSTRACT: The economic crisis in Sri Lanka since the first quarter of 2022 has significantly impacted the banana (Musa sp.) sector, which is vital in terms of both consumption, and exports. This study aims to assess the potential impacts on the sector and suggest mitigation strategies. Market margins, price variation (CV), difference in mean r...

This study examined the reasons for high dropout numbers in programs offered through open and distance education (ODE). A mixed method approach was employed to collect data from a purposive sample of instructors and students at the Open University of Sri Lanka. A total of 38 reasons were revealed, of which aligned with existing dropout models as we...

The Research, titled Identifying High-Quality, Cost-Effective Growing Media to Enhance Mushroom Production in Sri Lanka, addresses the need to identify sustainable and affordable substrates for the cultivation of American oyster mushrooms (Pleurotus ostreatus). The research responds to the growing demand for mushrooms in Sri Lanka and the challenge...

After years of hesitancy, India has now firmly acknowledged the strategic importance of the Andaman Sea. The Indian Navy is setting up a Far Eastern Naval Command (FENC) off Port Blair on the Andaman Islands --also known as the Bay Islands --located midway between the Bay of Bengal and the Malacca Strait --to give it "blue-water" status. It is evid...

The relationship between lightning flashes (LF) and various meteorological parameters is analyzed using lightning data from 1995 to 2014. The meteorological parameters considered in this study include aerosol optical depth (AOD), precipitation (P), relative humidity (Rh), convective available potential energy (CAPE), effective cloud droplet size (C...

This presentation is on finding the information on soil series names, Soil taxonomic Equivalents and WEB-FAO legend of an research site to be included in publications and presentations. It is a step ahead of using the GRat Soil Group name of 1972 and also useful in Agro-technology transfer. The wxisting infromation downloaded from the internet coul...

The impact of non-motor symptoms is often overlooked in favour of the motor symptoms when managing Parkinson’s disease resulting in suboptimal patient outcomes. This study aimed to characterise the non-motor symptoms of Parkinson’s disease in a cohort of Sri Lankan patients with a special focus on the impulsive control disorders and other compulsiv...

While the world's attention is focused on record high oil prices, water, like oil, is increasingly emerging as a catalyst for international instability and conflict as the recent upsurge in violence in Sri Lanka illustrates. On July 20, the Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam (L.T.T.E.) shut down the Maavilaru dam's sluice gate near the town of Kantal...

This is the first of a two article series on developmental and cultural nationalism. The articles by Radhika Desai and Laura Hein are both substantially excerpted versions of essays that form part of a special issue of Third World Quarterly, Vol. 29, No. 3, 2008, pp 397 – 428. Other essays in the collection discuss China, Thailand, Indonesia, Sri L...

Yala National Park (YNP), a biodiversity hotspot in South Asia, is increasingly threatened by human-induced landscape transformation. However, long-term assessments of land cover dynamics and landscape integrity remain limited. This study, grounded in a landscape ecology – remote sensing framework, leverages 23 years of Landsat time-series data on...

Malnutrition, a persistent illness, significantly reduces fat, muscle and bone levels, harming internal organs. The economic crisis in Sri Lanka has led to widespread malnutrition among children, including adolescents experiencing growth spurts. This study identifies factors influencing malnutrition in grade 10 pupils in the Nuwara-Eliya District,...

Background: Hormone Replacement Therapy remains underutilised and under-researched in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), despite its potential to alleviate menopausal symptoms. Pharmacists, as accessible healthcare providers, play a pivotal role in shaping perceptions and improving access to HRT. This study explored pharmacists' perspectives...

Transformational leadership is aspired to implement change and novelty which is important to focus on service innovation. The study was focused on three key research objectives 1) to explore the practice of transformational leadership, 2) to identify features of transformational leaders and 3) to provide suitable suggestions and recommendations...

SRI Method in Paddy Cultivation The System of Rice Intensification (SRI) is an innovative approach to rice cultivation that can significantly increase yields while using fewer resources. Would you like me to explain: The core principles of SRI cultivation The specific techniques and practices involved The benefits and potential challenges How it c...

Background: Menopause is a significant transitional phase in a woman’s life, yet among marginalised populations such as indigenous communities in Sri Lanka, it remains under-explored and under-supported. Objectives: This study aimed to explore the lived experiences of menopause among indigenous women, focusing on their symptomatology, coping strate...

Micronutrient malnutrition remains a critical challenge in the Global South, particularly in Sri Lanka, where vulnerable populations face food insecurity and limited dietary diversity. This review examines biofortification as a sustainable strategy to address these deficiencies, using Sri Lanka as a case study. Biofortification, through agronomic p...

This study examines the interaction between social images and actual space in tenement houses, locally called line houses, on a tea plantation in Sri Lanka. The social image of line houses was analyzed based on the discourses of managers, supporters, and residents, while tracing the history of tea plantations and its social development. The physica...

In the rapidly evolving landscape of South Asian geopolitics and finance, the Maldives International Financial Centre (MIFC), a newly announced $8.8 billion collaboration between the Maldivian government and Dubai-based MBS Global Investments, emerges as a formidable counterpart to Sri Lanka's Colombo Port City (CPC). This paper critically examines...

This study examines the role of psychological profiling in enhancing Strategic Human Resource Management (SHRM) practices within the hospitality industry in Colombo, Sri Lanka. With the hospitality sector being a highly dynamic and customer-centric industry, the alignment of employee attributes with organizational needs is crucial for both operatio...

This paper presents the findings of the Climate Discussion Group (CDG2024) to examine climate science and policy critically. The authors argue that Net Zero policies have led to significant economic and social disruptions, citing case studies from Sri Lanka, the Netherlands, Germany, Spain, and Portugal. The paper highlights recent political and po...

Inclusion at workplace has today become a contemporary buzz which leads the need for enabling diverse social strata to be a part of the corporate world. One such key social category are the people with disabilities (PWDs) specially in a developing country like Sri Lanka where the corporate inclusion is vital in the long run. This research study aim...

With the growing demand for health and wellness sector, travelers always consider balance between physical, mental, and, emotional well-being of their everyday life leading for meditation tourism to become an integral part of the wellness tourism sector. As Sri Lanka is a country that is uniquely positioned to leverage its cultural, spiritual, and,...

Objectives Despite the wide acceptability of laboratory assessments during the fasting state in clinical practice, emerging evidence suggests that non-fasting testing offers a convenient alternative, especially for the estimation of lipid profile. The present study aimed to compare fasting and non-fasting lipid, liver, and renal profiles and define...

This study explores regional differences in personality traits and their impact on organizational commitment within Sri Lanka's hospitality sector, comparing employees based in urban Colombo with those working in coastal, tourism-driven regions. Utilizing the Big Five Personality framework and Meyer & Allen's three-component model of organizational...

This study explores the generational differences in personality traits and organizational commitment among the emerging hospitality workforce in Colombo, Sri Lanka. With the hospitality industry undergoing rapid transformations driven by globalization and technological advancements, understanding the evolving personality profiles and commitment lev...

Dysgraphia, a specific learning disability marked by difficulties in handwriting, significantly affects academic performance and self-esteem. Early detection and intervention are critical but often hindered by the lack of diagnostic tools customized for the Sinhala linguistic and cultural context. This research introduces a multi-modal sequence app...

Sri Lankan households depend on backyard poultry production for both income and nutrition. The main objective of this study is to explore gender roles associated with backyard poultry farming in Sri Lanka based on region, ethnicity, and the key practices which influence health risks. The study employed primary data collected through semi-struct...

Background of the Country Sri Lanka is an island nation in South Asia, classified as a lower-middle-income country with a population of approximately 22 million. The country has faced a range of challenges, including a protracted civil war, political instability, and the recent overthrow of its government. Despite these obstacles, Sri Lanka has mad...

Water is one of the basic needs of all living beings. It is a natural resource with zero cost. No other alternative has been found to replace water. Water demand is increasing day by day, but the amount of water that can be used by living beings is not increasing. In other words, the availability of water is not sufficient to fulfil the increasing...

The sari blouse is a prime example of a female upper body contour garment worn in various South Asian countries, including Sri Lanka. However, many women are reluctant to wear it or are often dissatisfied with its fit. A well-fitted sari blouse enhances the overall appearance, adding value to this traditional attire. The fit of an upper body contou...

Objective: To collect all studies on acute kidney injury of glomerular origin, published from Asia, even with their limitations, and look for causes and outcome in this particular population. Method: As of June 2024, a comprehensive literature search was conducted in the databases of PubMed, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, Embase, Google Scholar...

The Guava, Psidium guajawa is one of the important fruit crops grown in India. It is originated in tropical America, from Mexico to Peru and today is commercially grown in South Asia, Hawaiian Islands Sri Lanka, Cuba, Myanmar and India. In India, the guava is grown in Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, Madhya Pradesh and Maharashtra.

Introduction and objectives Mucormycosis is a deadly fungal infection caused by Mucorales group of fungi. Amphotericin B (AMB) and posaconazole are the antifungal drugs recommended for treatment. However, susceptibility of Mucorales to those agents may vary. Main objective of this study was to describe the anti- fungal susceptibilities of clinicall...

The study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of forum theatre as a participatory and edutainment theatre designed to sensitize farming communities and school children on chronic kidney disease of unknown etiology (CKDu) and its mitigation strategies. Four forum theatre programmes targeting students and three community programmes were conducted, af...

Sri Lanka has the worst mortality rate due to road traffic injuries in the South Asia region. Previous research serves as evidence for national-level policymaking and interventions, of which the reliability of data is doubted due to underreporting and inaccuracies. To comprehend the nature of this problem, a critical assessment of Sri Lanka’s exist...

Reducing communicable diseases is a key plank of development infrastructure, and little effort is required to build a strong public health system in India, within its existing administrative structures and budgetary outlays. This would go far toward improving people’s well-being and productivity, and avert losses of billions of dollars annually due...

There is an increased concern about microplastic pollution globally due to its significance for environmental and human health. Even though there is a vast variety of studies based on marine environments, studies relevant to microplastics in freshwater sediments are rarely understood and discussed, especially in the Indo-Sri Lankan region. By focus...

Sri Lanka’s rice systems are subject to low yield events that threaten national food security. Extreme climate events during the cropping season are the main cause, but whether human-induced climate change has contributed to low yield events is an open question. Here, we present an impact attribution analysis that quantifies the effect of climate c...

Animal reservoir hosts that shed pathogenic leptospires represent a considerable public health risk because they lack clinical signs of illness that might prompt handling precautions. In Sri Lanka, dog ownership is widespread. Dogs reside within homes and interact closely with humans, but they also roam freely in surrounding neighbourhoods. Dogs th...

Through a comparative analysis of the criminal laws of Sri Lanka and the United States, this paper examines how Sri Lanka's legal framework on sexual offenses often hinders women's access to justice and reinforces systemic gender discrimination. Recognizing the structural constraints inherited from older common law traditions, it underscores the po...

Purpose: Many parts of Sri Lanka are vulnerable to extreme climatic events, which are stressful in numerous ways, especially the dry zone that is highly responsible for agricultural activities. Paddy, the major crop cultivated throughout the dry zone, is highly sensitive to temperature variations. Thus, it badly affects production so the food secur...

Ragging, a form of student-on-student abuse, continues to plague Sri Lanka's government universities despite legal prohibitions and institutional policies. While private universities remain largely unaffected, state-run institutions exhibit persistent patterns of psychological and physical abuse among students, often disguised as traditions or bond...

Soil salinity is one of the inherent problems in coastal soils. Increased soil salinity in coastal soils results in low bacterial diversity. However the salt tolerant bacteria have the ability to survive in saline soils because of their unique salt tolerant mechanisms. The current study was focused on identifying salinity tolerant bacteria in the W...

Soon after Sri Lanka’s independence from British rule, its government established a Buddhist state at the expense of its Tamil minority group. A long, brutal civil war was fought between the Tamil rebels, known as the Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam (LTTE), and the Sinhala state from 1983 to 2009. This essay conceptualizes the publications of the...