Sorption - Science topic

Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA) are promising biobased and biodegradable alternatives to the petroleum-based plastics. For their production, controlling cell growth is crucial and can be achieved by limiting nutrients, such as ammonium. The use of Donnan dialysis (DD) has been considered for this purpose. However, the effects of long–term DD fermentati...

The synthesis of a rigid hexakis(salicylaldehyde) precursor for porous organic metal salphens based on triptycene is presented. Synthetic approaches, their failures and how to learn from these to circumvent those and finally reach the synthetic goal is discussed. First tests to convert this new rigid building block into organic molecules of intrins...

Mercury contamination in water bodies presents serious health risks and ecological challenges because of its hazardous nature and long-lasting presence. Traditional remediation methods frequently lead to secondary pollution or lack sustainability. This research explores the feasibility of activated carbon produced from Christ's Thorn tree leaves as...

Background Soil organic phosphorus (P) and its chemical nature change markedly during long-term pedogenesis, but how variation in ecosystem water balance and associated differences in vegetation impact such transformations remain unclear. Methods We used solution ³¹P-nuclear magnetic resonance (³¹P-NMR) spectroscopy to assess the chemical nature o...

Phosphorus (P) extractability, and thus plant-availability, in processed agrifood residues incorporated in soil is not directly related to the extractability before the incorporation. However, the release of P has not been demonstrated over seasons, and the mechanisms involved are not well understood. We identified the fate of P fractions in manure...

Woodchips in water treatment bioreactors provide a nutritional surface for microbial communities that metabolize fertilizers and pesticides. To better understand their bioremediation capacity, we treated them using simulated water carrying nutrients (nitrate and phosphate) and 5 physicochemically distinct pesticides through 20 two-stage systems, ea...

Citation: Zhang, Z.; Joudiazar, S.; Satpathy, A.; Fernando, E.; Rahmati, R.; Kim, J.; de Falco, G.; Datta, R.; Sarkar, D. Removal of Per-and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances Using Commercially Available Sorbents. Abstract: Per-and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are persistent organic pollutants of growing environmental and human health concern, widely...

The research focuses on examining the biosorption capability of raw mixed seaweed biosorbent (RMSB) for the removal of the hazardous metal cadmium (II) under controlled environmental conditions. Using techniques such as elemental dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET), scanning electron microscopy...

The historical industrial input of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and, more recently, microplastics into the Lavaca-Matagorda Bay system is a threat to its health and the region's fishery economy. Our study assessed the role of microplastics in PAH mobility within Lavaca-Matagorda Bay. We investigated concentrations of the EPA's 16 high-pr...

Removal strategies for atmospheric pollutants are increasingly being considered to mitigate global warming and improve public health. However, surface-based removal techniques, such as sorption, catalysis and filtration, are often limited by pollutant transport and removal rate constraints. We evaluate the atmospheric pollutant transport to surface...

A new group of geopolymers based on galvanic sewage sludge was synthesized using algae. The sorption properties of the obtained geopolymer materials toward Cu(II), Mn(II), Pb(II), and Zn(II) ions in aqueous solutions were investigated. Algae have good adsorption properties with respect to heavy metals and bind to them irreversibly. Their addition t...

The pervasive environmental and health impacts of oil spills, stemming from the extraction, transportation, and handling of crude oil, highlight an urgent need for sustainable remediation techniques. Traditional cleanup methods such as oil skimming, combustion, and synthetic sorbents are often limited by high costs, non-biodegradability, and potent...

Functional nanoparticles emerged as potential new tracers for geoscientific applications, such as geothermal reservoir exploration. In this study, optimization strategies based on DLVO, extended DLVO (XDLVO) and filtration theory are presented. Our results show that nanoparticle material should have a low Hamaker constant, making metallic nanoparti...

This study explores the potential of utilizing weathered basalt waste, discarded from basalt stone quarrying, as a resource for producing efficient adsorbents to remove Fe (III) and Zn (II) from aqueous and real wastewater. Raw weathered basalt (RWB), and its calcined derivatives at 750 °C for 3 h (CWB-750) and at 950 °C for 1 h with activated carb...

The global increase in plastic production has significantly contributed to the contamination of aquatic environments with MPs. This study examined the adsorption of CV dye onto PS MPs in aquatic ecosystems. BBD was utilized to optimize adsorption conditions and evaluate the effects of key independent variables on the adsorption process. The sorptio...

This study investigates the utilization of three regression models, i.e., Kernel Ridge Regression (KRR), nu-Support Vector Regression (\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \be...

In this work, monolithic graphene oxide aerogel (GOA) with a volume of about 4 cm³ was obtained. In order to modify its properties, the GOA samples were irradiated with ⁶⁰Co gamma rays with doses from 10 to 220 kGy. By using XPS it was found that the oxygen/carbon ratio in the samples studied decreases as a result of irradiation. A blue shift of th...

This study explores the impact of pore volume distribution on the structural, thermal, and mechanical properties of spinodal phase-separated silica gels synthesized with poly(ethylene oxide) as a phase-separating agent. By systematically varying gelation temperatures between 20 and 60 °C, we investigate how reaction kinetics influence the resulting...

Since microplastic (MP) particles pose serious dangers to human and environmental health by infiltrating aquatic habitats, soils, and even the food chain, MP contamination has emerged as a major environmental problem. Developing and implementing efficient sorption techniques is essential to lessening the effects of MP pollution, which is becoming m...

Sorption mechanisms for the binding of arsenic (As) to thiol functional groups (‐SH) in natural organic matter (NOM) may play an important role in controlling inorganic As mobility and bioavailability in anaerobic environments, including rice paddies. There is great interest in the behavior of As in anaerobic soil‐water environments due to concerns...

Porous materials based on graphene attract attention due to their potential applications as sorbents or catalytic materials. However, achieving a freestanding structure without the use of additional bonding agents remains a major challenge. This article presents a self‐supporting graphene foam fabricated from an aqueous suspension of graphene oxide...

Purpose Understanding soil properties is essential for effective remediation planning and implementation under diverse environmental conditions. The objectives of this study were to evaluate how initial soil physicochemical properties influence changes after contamination with ZnCl₂ and CuCl₂ and to identify key properties that undergo the most sig...

Resin transfer molding (RTM) is a key process for manufacturing high-performance fiber-reinforced composites, in which resin infiltration dynamics play a critical role in process efficiency and defect minimization. This study presents a numerical and experimental analysis of resin flow in biaxial noncrimp carbon fiber reinforcement using FormuLITE...

Dans le but d'identifier les mécanismes de transferts à l'échelle d'une zone interne d'enveloppe hygroscopique, une campagne de mesures de plusieurs années a été menée sur une cellule-test en exposition extérieure, construite en béton de bois. L'efficacité de ce matériau dans la gestion des transferts hygrothermiques a été évaluée sur divers scénar...

As a cost-effective sorbent, modified biochar has received increasing attention for the removal of heavy metal contaminants. Among several chemical modification methods, introducing thiol functional groups onto the surface of biochar has been identified as an effective enhancement approach for the heavy metal sorption and removal capacity of this p...

The stopped-flow technique is a method to study the kinetics of chemical reactions at a time scale of milliseconds and seconds. We reviewed the application of the stopped-flow technique with electrical-conductivity detection to soil-chemical processes. The technique can provide rates and activation energies of reactions, in which charged species ar...

In this research, nitrogen-doped activated carbons (NACs) featuring a high specific surface area (3396 m²/g) and a certain amount of nitrogen doping (0.79–1.69%) were prepared by a combination of chemical activation and self-activation methods, and their CO2 adsorption characteristics were comprehensively assessed. The experimental results showed t...

The transformation behaviors of arsenic (As) and cadmium (Cd) in contaminated soils are generally complex process due to their distinct chemical and physical characteristics, which poses challenge for remediation. This study proposes an efficient strategy for the simultaneous immobilization of Cd and As using sulfur-ferrihydrite-modified biochar (S...

The concept of metal bioavailability in soils is increasingly becoming the key to addressing potential risks. Yet, space–time variations of heavy metal concentrations in salt-affected soils is still vague. The current work, therefore, is the first attempt to address spatial and seasonal analyses of heavy metals in a Mediterranean arid agroecosystem...

Acrylic resins are the most common denture materials because of their valuable optical property. Their impact strength is limited, therefore they require different methods and processes of reinforcement. The reinforcements could be performed by the application of fibres such as polypropylene fibres. In this study, the influence of randomly oriented...

The aim of our study is to investigate the correlation between the porous texture, chemical nature, and the sorption capacity of activated carbons based on acacia lignocellulosic biomass. Two samples with different ratios of active carbon and chemical activating agent were examined. For this purpose, a two-stage laboratory technology was used - car...

Evaluation of the physical and antifungal effects of chlorhexidine diacetate incorporated into polymethyl methacrylate This study aimed to evaluate the physical properties and antifungal activities of polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) acrylic resins after the incorporation of chlorhexidine diacetate salt (CDA). Methodology: First, acrylic resin specim...

The materials used as filaments for additive techniques should exhibit various properties depending on the application and the requirements. The motivation for this study was the need to obtain a filament exhibiting appropriate aesthetic (metal-like) and mechanical properties. Glycol-modified poly(ethylene terephthalate) copolymer (PETG) and microm...

Finding ways to enhance the resilience of soil ecosystems in the context of heavy metal contamination remains an important and urgent challenge. This work is devoted to assessing the impact of the soil composition in Primorsky Krai on the efficiency of using hydroxyapatite to decrease lead intake into plants. The physicochemical characteristics of...

Featured Application Sorption isotherms enable the temperature and humidity of air to be manipulated to achieve the desired moisture content of commodities that are being dried. The isothermal differential heat of sorption is subsumed within the isotherms, and this influences the energy required to dry grains and other hygroscopic porous media. For...

This work explored the adsorption performance of nitrogen and sulfur co-doped Fe-containing sludge biochar (SN@BC) for hexavalent chromium [Cr(VI)], highlighting its potential for practical applications. Biochar was prepared using Fe-containing municipal dewatered sludge as feedstock and chemically modified with ammonium persulfate [APS, (NH4)2S2O8...

This study presents a comprehensive investigation into the efficacy of metakaolin based alkali activated materials for the efficient removal of nickel and lead ions from aqueous solutions. The synthesis process involved the preparation of porous structures with high porosity, leading to an expanded surface area and an increased number of sorption s...

Metal hydride-based hydrogen storage (MHHS) has been used for several purposes, including mobile and stationary applications. In general, the overall MHHS performance for both applications depends on three main factors, which are the appropriate selection of metal hydride material uses, design configurations of the MHHS based on the heat exchanger,...

The structural and sorption/desorption characteristics of multilayer Ni-Mg-Ni-Mg films (38/37 Ni/Mg layers with a total thickness up to 45 mkm) deposited on both small-sized and extended tape (up to 40 m) polyimide substrates by magnetron sputtering have been studied. A pattern has been established between the growth of hydrogen mass content in the...

The recovery of radioactive iodine from nuclear waste and contaminated water sources is a critical environmental concern, which poses significant technical challenges. Herein, the study has demonstrated that tuning the electronic properties of diketopyrrolopyrrole‐based donor‐acceptor covalent organic frameworks (COFs) enhances iodine trapping, imp...

One approach to increase the catalytic efficiency of TS-1 is the synthesis of TS-1 composite materials together with spherical activated carbon (SAC). Although increased Ti-site normalized catalytic activity of such composites compared to parent materials was observed, the reason for the increased activity is not fully understood. This study theref...

Silica aerogel, as the earliest synthetic and commercially available one among all known aerogels, holds significant value in fields including thermal and acoustic insulation, optics, catalysis, sorption, etc. However, throughout its nearly century-long history, the influence of solvent used during synthesis on the properties of silica aerogels has...

Cola acuminata husk-activated carbon (CAHAC) was produced using acid activation with H3PO4 to sorb amodiaquine (AMDQ). Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, and elemental dispersive x-ray (EDX) analyses were used to characterize the raw and activated Cola acuminata husk, respectively. The concentrations...

This study investigates the effects of ultraviolet (UV) aging on the physicochemical properties and adsorption capacity of three plastics commonly detected in the environment: polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP), and polystyrene (PS). One set of plastic samples was exposed to Xe-based simulated sunlight for up to 5 days and another set to outdoor...

Biscuits are ready-to-eat foods that are traditionally prepared mainly with wheat flour, fat, and sugar. In this study, the efficacy of temperature and humidity on the equilibrium moisture content (EMC) of biscuits was explored. The EMC was determined by static method at four different temperatures (20, 30, 40, and 50ºC) and five levels of relative...

Phosphate sorption data are often analyzed by least-squares fitting to the two- or three-parameter Freundlich model. The standard methods are flawed by (1) treating the measured pseudo-equilibrium concentration C as the independent (hence error-free) variable and (2) neglecting the weighting that should accommodate the varying precision of the data...

This study investigates the thermal effects on europium(III)-sorbed bentonite, a montmorillonite-rich clay, with focuses on the structural changes in montmorillonite and the leachability of Eu(III). Thermogravimetric analysis shows greater water-related weight loss in Eu(III)-sorbed bentonite compared to Na-bentonite, likely due to the expanded c -...

Background: Setting of conventional glass ionomers cement and dental resin composites as filling materials is predominantly through polymerization reaction, which is usually induced by light. The objective of this study was to assess the temperature changes, light intensities, sorption and solubility capability and comparative micro hardness in Den...

Replacing fossil fuels by renewable biomass enables green syngas production in an effort to achieve carbon neutrality and sustainable circular processes. Here, an inexpensive catalyst of Ni nanoparticles supported on SiO2 modified by La³⁺ (Ni/La0.10–S) is presented, exhibiting exceptional H2 and CO production rates (4051.4 and 2467.8 mmol gcatalyst...

Toxic heavy metals have a detrimental impact on the human body and trigger acute or chronic effects or lead to cancer and death, gastrointestinal tract disorder, and nervous system breakdown. An efficient approach for the amelioration and restoration of soil heavy metal contamination is through bioremediation using biochar-immobilized bacteria. Soi...

The growing human population and industrial demands increase heavy metal contamination, posing health risks. This research explores sustainable methods for removing heavy metal using Camellia sinensis, commonly known as tea leaves and tea fibers, examining adsorption capacity and effects of temperature, chemical dosage, time, and initial metal conc...

Heavy metal contamination in soils, particularly by zinc (Zn) and cadmium (Cd), poses significant environmental concerns due to their potential toxicity and mobility. To understand the role of organic manure (FYM) in stabilizing and retaining these metals in soil, a study was conducted by Uttar Banga Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Pubdibari which investiga...

The batch sorption process is used to remove various species from wastewater and can be optimised by selecting adequate process parameters and reactor geometry. As sorption is a heterogeneous process, achieving the desired process outcomes in a batch reactor relies heavily on establishing conditions in which the influence of interphase diffusion is...

Pollution of soil by heavy metals has become a critical environmental issue. This study investigated an innovative approach to heavy metals removal, focusing on the desorption of nickel and zinc from vermiculite using a combination of leaching and ultrasonic (US) irradiation at 20 or 362 kHz. When 0.1 M HCl was used as a washing solution, Zn²⁺ deso...

Antibiotic resistance is an alarming issue nowadays due to the increased use of antibiotics in humans, veterinary, fisheries, etc. Sulfonamides are one group of highly used antibiotics frequently detected in the environmental matrices. So, in the present study, we evaluated the sorption and dissipation of two commonly detected sulfonamide antibioti...

Atlantic Forest devastation has resulted in the search and introduction of management capable of promoting and reestablishing the quality and sustainability of the ecosystem. Agroforestry systems (AS) are recognized for many benefits due to their management. This study compares an agroforestry system macrofauna and physical and chemical soil proper...

Luminescent metal‐organic frameworks (MOFs) are widely exploited as sensors due to their versatility and sensitivity to external stimuli. Although there are numerous luminescent MOF‐based thermometers or humidity sensors, only a few examples allow efficient detection of both these parameters. We present a family of MOF‐materials based on Sr²⁺ or Ba...

The object of the research was the process of sorption of Mn2+ ions by natural clinoptilolite (native form) under the influence of ultrasonic (US) radiation for the subsequent production of sorbents modified with manganese oxides, which have additional catalytic and oxidative capacity. Such sorbents with additional functions will be widely used in...

Nanobiotechnology is an actively developing field of science, which finds application in cancer therapy, molecular diagnostics and molecular imaging. In this work, selenium nanoparticles were successfully obtained by chemical reduction of selenite ions with ascorbic acid in dextran phosphate (DP) solutions, which was used as a stabilizer. It has be...

Poly (butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) (PBAT) foam sheets prepared by foaming supercritical fluids are characterized by high resilience, homogeneous cellular structure, and well-defined biodegradability. However, the inert chemical structure and the rigid hard segments restrict the diffusion of CO2 within the PBAT matrix, resulting in extremely l...

Excavated rocks generated during tunnel construction may pose an environmental hazard due to the release of acidic leachate containing potentially toxic elements (PTEs). Addressing this concern requires strategic countermeasures against mitigating the release of PTEs. This study investigated the efficacy of a novel approach for managing altered exc...

This study investigated the sorption, desorption, and trapping of 9,10 dimethylated anthracene (DMA), copper (Cu), and cadmium (Cd) onto quick clay (QC), focusing on the effects of temperature, salinity, and their environmental relevance. Sorption isotherms were generated at different temperatures (4, 10, and 20 °C) and salinities (1 and 25 g·L⁻¹)....

Biomass production in the lowland wet tropical forest is greater than in any other biome, and it is typically limited by soil phosphorus (P) availability. However, the mechanisms involved in the P cycle remain poorly represented in Earth System Models (ESMs). Soil P sorption processes are key in the P cycle and for understanding the extent of P lim...

This research investigates the sorption efficiencies of various adsorbents—synthesized Hydrotalcite, natural zeolite Clinoptilolite, synthetic zeolite, and waste sludge from aluminum anodic oxidation—for simultaneous removal of Cl⁻ and Ca2⁺ ions from synthetic CaCl₂ solutions and wastewater from EAFD recycling. This study addresses the challenges o...

Helium is one of the most critical resources of this planet, as it is a finite resource, cannot be produced from radioactive decay and escapes the atmosphere, while being extraordinarily important for high‐tech applications in research and medicine. A concept of using the “dense” metal–organic framework (MOF) MIL‐116(Ga) as a molecular sieve specif...

Despite its ubiquitous practical impact, the physics of sorption in hygroscopic materials is still under debate. One major, but not yet understood, characteristic is the sorption-desorption hysteresis observed with such systems despite the absence of capillary effects. Here, through an experimental and theoretical approach, we show that this hyster...

A series of Ni-Mg-Al hydrotalcite-derived mixed metal oxides with different Ni/Mg ratios were prepared by the coprecipitation method followed by calcination at 600 °C. The hydrotalcite-like materials, as well as their calcined forms, were characterized with respect to structure (XRD, UV-Vis DRS), chemical composition (ICP-OES), textural parameters...

The widespread distribution of microplastics (MPs) in the environment presents significant challenges for their detection and identification. Fluorescence imaging has emerged as a promising technique for enhancing plastic particle detectability and enabling accurate classification based on fluorescence behavior. However, conventional segmentation t...

The evolution of coal’s pore structure is crucial to the efficient capture of carbon dioxide (CO2) within coalbeds, as it provides both adsorption sites and seepage space for the adsorbed- and free-phase CO2, respectively. However, the conventional single fractal method for characterizing pore structure fails to depict the intricacies and variation...

Spectral induced polarization (SIP) can provide valuable information about (bio)geochemical processes taking place in the poorly accessible subsurface. The method is sensitive to reactions that alter the solid‐water interface. Here, we critically evaluate the effectiveness of SIP to monitor geochemical processes by focusing on a model‐supported ana...

The difference between the Radiative Forcing of nitrous oxide, N2O, and carbon dioxide, CO2, (200÷300) W/m 2 , reported in the scientific literature is sufficiently well confirmed at 233 W/m 2. To discuss it, changes of thermodynamic functions that result from experimental data for the sorption system N2O / Sodium Low Silica X Zeolite (NaLSX) are u...

The application of in situ and operando spectroscopic techniques has significantly advanced the understanding of reticular materials, particularly metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) and covalent organic frameworks (COFs). These techniques offer real‐time insights into the dynamic structural, electronic, and chemical changes that occur within these mat...

The modification of the layered silicate with a structural type 2:1 montmorillonite by the cationic surfactant hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide was carried out. The obtained organomontmorillonite was milled for 2–25 min in a high-energy planetary ball mill. The structural and physicochemical characteristics of the modified montmorillonite and the...

The presence of salts and related salt-induced damage represent one of the major threats to the preservation of our built heritage. Identifying critical relative humidity values that facilitate crystallization cycles is essential for understanding damage risks and extents. This knowledge helps in developing recommendations for favorable, damage-avo...

Bismuth basic nitrates (BBNs) were synthesized via an electrochemical method, i.e., by electrodeposition from an acidic solution of bismuth nitrate, followed by thermal treatment in an air environment. For the first time, the influence of various electrochemical parameters on the morphology, crystal structure, and chemical structure of BBNs was exa...

Previous studies have indicated that enriching litter composition with natural minerals can not only alter the biochemical activity of specific groups of microorganisms inhabiting the poultry manure, but also affect its functional properties, including the content of mobile forms of cadmium (Cd) and zinc (Zn). A study was therefore conducted to det...

Desiccant cooling systems make use of desiccant dehumidifiers to remove moisture from the air. These systems can be used to cool and dehumidify buildings. Desiccant cooling systems can be more energy efficient than the vapour compression based conventional air conditioning systems. They can also be more environmentally friendly because they can red...