Soil Science - Science topic

Thanks Jonathan Phillips. What I've seen published in SSS is all in Russian but I've not searched beyond Volobuev. From my experience thus far, it seems interlibrary loans may be the best way to proceed. I hope that this a workable solution for anyone reading.

For anyone interested in a possible solution, software exists that can convert a scanned document (that you may have obtained via an interlibrary loan) into a digital format. Once digitized, other software exists that can then attempt a translation of the document. I won't post specific software names publicly but what software to use is easy enough to figure out with a quick web search for how to do those two processes. Alternatively, there are smartphone apps that similarly attempt a translation on the fly (that are also super helpful when travelling).

Thank you!

You can check Google. Regards

It depends on what can be seen on the respective images. This in turn depends on the location the image shows and the time the image was taken. The scorpan factors can therefore be s (bare soil), o (vegetation) or p (parent paterial).

I am totally agree with @ J.C. Tarafdar Sir. Apparently soil Respiration and dehydrogenase activity measures the microbial activity in soil. For soil Respiration we can go for either alkali trap that has been discussed or we can go for rapid techniques by comprehensive analysis of soil health by Cornell University.

I would suggest you try books by Nyle C. Brady.

I found these links, hope they are useful:

Yes, it can be present. As worms tunnel, they consume almost everything in their path, including microscopic plastic pollution.

Earthworms can be significant transport agents of microplastics in soils, incorporating this material into the soil, likely via casts, burrows, egestion, and adherence to the earthworm exterior (Rillig et al., 2017). However, in common sense, vermicomposting is the method of making compost (humus-like material known as vermin-compost) from biodegradable waste by using earthworms.

Good replay

Strongly Negative correlation

Dear Ashar Ahmad

You can measure the exchangeable cations using Ammonium Molebdate solution under spectroscopy.

Also check please the following useful link: https://www.agdaily.com/insights/net-zero-mean-farmers-ranchers/

By adding surfactants surface tension of water molecule is lowers due to decrement in cohesive forces acting between water molecule. Due to this loss of water from plant canopy surface reduces which turns reduces in transpiration rate.

Also check please the following useful RG link:

Muthucumaran Sugirtharan i cam eacross the water chemistry link and felt like sharing with you where it is clearly explained how the OLR and the COD is linked and how it can be calculated as well so in other words I can explain like - Two things must be known to determine the organic loading on the trickling filter: the pounds of BOD or COD applied to the filter media each day and the volume of the filter media in 1000 cubic feet. The organic loading does not include the recirculated flow's BOD and COD contributions.

Link of the water chemistry document for your reference

As you know bulk density is mass of solid divided by total volume of soil. So in Sandy soil total volume is high as volume of solid + volume of pores are there. So as a result bulk density of sandy soils reduces.

Directly inorganic fertilizer application won't increase OM in soil.

Oxidation and microbial proliferation leads to SOM loss. So as long as it is safe from oxidation and microbes there will be no loss of SOM. But still if tillage is done in soil and exposure of surface soil to sunlight is happen then it will take very less time for SOM to loss.

I would say soil profile. Bcz it gives a comprehensive idea regarding horizons, and various elements present only by visual effects.

Undoubtedly Urea

I do agree with Paul Milham.

Below you can find the link to two recent published papers:

The first one is recommending the best performing dosage of biochar in co-composting in improving the quality of compost and reducing nitrogen loss. Here it is emphasized on the point that composting can be used to transform the layer manure, nitrogen rich solid wastes generate in poultry breeding and agricultural production, into a environmental-friendly and more stable fertilizer product.

The second one is recommending the best conservation agriculture wheat-rice production strategy accelerating soil carbon pools and hydrolytic enzymatic activities and also the best idea for its overall adaptation to appropriately carry out the ecosystem functions.

Thomas Fungenzi Tough question but i dont think that the carbonates can be found in the acidic soils as it is found or in fact present in the alkaline soils

Extraction of trace elements soluble in aqua regia was used as a decomposition method in accordance with ISO 11466: 1995 E.

1 g sample was weighted accurately in a reaction vessel; 0.5 ml of tri-distilled water was added to obtain a slurry, followed by 9 ml of HCl (12 mol l-1) and 3 ml nitric acid (15.8 mol l-1) .Then 10 ml of 0.5 mol l-1 was added to the absorption vessel which was connected to the reflux condensor. Both apparatus were placed on the top of the reaction vessel. The samples were allowed to stand for 16 h at room temperature in order to reduce the produced during the subsequent heating cycle. They were heated under reflux until boiling for 2 h and allowed to cool slowly at room temperature. The contents and the following rinses of the absorption vessel were passed through the condenser into the reaction vessel. The content of the reaction vessel was transferred quantitatively to a 50 ml graduated flask and filled up to the mark with nitric acid (0.5 mol l-1). After the undissolved material has settled, the supernatant solution was subjected to analysis by ICP-AES.

A blank sample containing the acids used for digestion was prepared in the same way.

In general wet digestions excluding hydrofluoric acid do not attack the silicate matrix. Hence, the separation of the silicate matrix as an insoluble residue from the soluble elements lead to both lowering the dissolved solid concentration in solution and the detection limits for analytes, respectively.In addition, the procedure is carried out in closed system and losses of volatile elements can be eliminated.

With kind regards, N Daskalova

Hello, Adil Mihoub

Maybe because of Christmas festivals, you can contact the journal office.

Crop models can assist in preseason and in-season management decisions on cultural practices, fertilization, irrigation, and pesticide use. Crop models can assist policy makers by predicting soil erosion, leaching of agrichemicals, effects of climatic change, and large-area yield forecasts.

https://www.crops.org/publications/aj/pdfs/88/5/AJ0880050704

I would also be glad to come in with climate change, farming systems and soil science. Thanks.

1. Proportional mixing of good quality water (If available) with saline water.

2. Addition of FYM and compost can reduce the salt effect by producing organic acids on decomposition.

3. Use of salt tolerant variety's (Best option among all)

4. Application of Gypsum in saline water can reduce the Na to Ca ratio and SAR and facilitates good infiltration.

5. Mulching with locally available material can reduce the evaporation by that salt accumulation can be reduced.

This is a good question.

This is a good question.

That is a good question.

That is a good question.

Tomato blossion end rot increases under ammonium fertilization it is related to boron calcium deficiency.

Boron can be deficient in many global soil situations and the boron content optimized by address acid soil aluminum toxicity.

In fact there is no direct relation between TSS and BOD. However, some sense is also required based on the type of your waste water (domestic or industrial, or from commercial buildings ) or grey water, taking into consideration the level of treatment. For example after secondary treatment, BOD would be greater than the TSS as the major BOD is coming from dissolved proteins, sugars, and other dissolved organic matter.

Best regards,

Dr. Samir Alnahhal

Yes! returning the residues to the soils is very vital to improve the levels of soil organic matter since inherent OM is influenced by C addition and decomposition rate. When I came to your question incorporating plant residues into the soils can aggravate the decomposition process and thus, C in the form of carbon dioxide will escape to the surrounding environment therefore surface retention is more suitable to minimize GHG emission.

Dear Anna,

The link below leads you to a project emerging a promising solution in mitigating the accumulation of plastics in the environment. You may also follow the works of the project coordinator.

I hope this helps you to persuade your scientific goal.

Best, Elaheh

Clay loam soil. Theoretically, for maximum compaction there should be an equal proportion of sand, silt and clay fraction, i.e. 33 per cent each. But in nature, it hardly happens. Therefore, try to have proportion within 10 per cent deviation among these fractions to have maximum compaction. Yes type of clay particularly, swelling type is also the factor which determine maximum compaction at given moisture content. Proctor moisture shall be used for achieving highest compaction. May contact further on vkphogat@gmail.com. thanks

Hi! do you have literature about the identification of leaves maturity in every branch?

Yesterday, I attented in a seminer on the use of vermicompost and cowdung. The results showed that vermicompost was better both in rice field and vegetable crops.

I'd recommend the answer of Salvatore S. Mangiafico

Thank you, Dr. Frank T. Edelmann

To be frank, I believe the answer is relative to this issue. Only textbooks that I am familiar with or have come across can be recommended. However, you are the only one who knows what study areas you are passionate about.

Rather than relying on a single textbook, I believe you can find knowledge by searching online databases, books, journals, and other serial blocks using keywords from your research objectives.

Thanks Dr- Abhishek Raj for your response.

check this out.

Depending on your specific application, I would recommend mixing your own standard soil using kaolite and/or activated carbon as a base. I would especially recommend kaolite (chemical composition Al2Si2O5(OH)4) as it is widely commercially available available either as 'kaolin clay' or 'china clay'. Both kaolite and activated carbon is used in many industrial processes and can be purchased in various sample sizes. Activated carbon is often used I use kaolin clay and activated carbon in standardized soil samples for this reason, and that the particle size range is very well defined in many commercial products.

Below I have included some useful links if you want to investigate further.

Alternatively, if you require a very specific particle ranges and purities, I would recommend silica nanoparticles (SiO2). Silica is can be synthesized in a lab, but are also widely commercially available.

I hope this information can support you in answering your question.

Good luck with your project!

Interested

Experts have already answered the question However,

Ni addition stimulates the methane content of biogas, while excessive addition of Ni causes inhibition of methanogenesis.

Thanks and regards

Srinivas Kasulla

6 ways to spot a Predatory Journal:

1. Always check the website thoroughly

2. Check if the journal is a member of DOAJ, COPE, OASPA or STM

3. Check the journal’s contact information

4. Research the editorial board

5. Take a look at their peer review process and publication timelines

6. Read through past issues of the journal

source:

Thanks Dr. Craig for sharing experiences of grassland ecosystem of desert, USA. You have rightly said earning from grassland through carbon credit. Factually in the India desert, grassland is dwindling due to the rising population demand better livelihood, quality produce and the land for infrastructure and industry.

Therefore we have proposed site specific alternate land uses. It consists of energy plantations on the dunes together with horticulture and dry farming in the inter-dunal plains. It has the dual purpose. On one hand the system preserves the ecosystem services by restricting wind erosion and enriching soil through carbon sequestration.On the other hand it provides better income to the desert dwellers through horticulture and dry farming. It also supports animal husbandry and rearing of small ruminant. Additional earning could be possible through carbon credit from non-arable land. Thus articulating the land use depending upon the local socio-economic condition is the basic idea for conceptualizing sustainable agriculture consisting of selecting land uses and management practices suitable to a specific site. As it is pointed out in my previous reply in the present discussion.

Your second observation regarding carbon in the sub-soils also has the great merit. We also have the similar kind of experience in the Indian desert, concealing the impressions of episodes of climate change in the past. I have mentioned some of them while discussing the topic on climate change.

These are the few points perhaps, it will help you in articulating the study on carbon sequestration in future

Dear Gautam,

In the case of this discussion, I am totally in agreement with the statements and thoughts of Shubham. He explained the issue as well. I am specifically a soil ecologist and zoologist and I am also concerned about issues related to physical and chemical properties of soil. Thank you for your precision. Good luck.

Best, Elaheh

Alaa Ibrahim

Earth: is our home, and the only place we know of so far in which living things are inhabited. It is the only known planet to have an atmosphere that contains free oxygen, surface oceans of water, and, of course, life.

Land: it belongs to earth that is not filled with water.

Soil: is the 3-D natural body, composed of organic and Inorganic constituent, formed after alteration of various soil formation processes, provides support for microbial and plant growth.

the topography is a good scale I think

No such information is available based on geography. To get soil taxonomic information you may refer to already published literature on soils of your area. Otherwise get your soil examined by a pedologist. Good day!

yes its do it

In expansive soils, swelling increases with increasing dry density and decreasing moisture content. Therefore, standard compaction is better to be used for expansive soils to reduce swelling problem.

Dissolve it firstly in ethanol or acetone

In compaction curve, the zero air void line which is a line of 100% degree of saturation drawn on the right side of the compaction curve without touching it. this line helps to check that the plotted compaction curve is correct.

following

The use of terracing agrotechnology in the foothills prevents irrigation erosion.

Soil health, refer to quality of the soil, can be defined as the 'capacity of soil to function as a vital living ecosystem that sustains plants, animals, and humans'. This says about the importance of soils and should be sustainable for future generations.

Important quality of the soil is fertility.

The soil fauna such as earthworms, microbes etc. increase the fertility of the soils as well as indicators of the fertile soil. Both increase the aeration.

It cannot be estimated by number. Only pH of the soil can be indicate by the number.

Check the links you get useful information.

Soil health

(http://vro.agriculture.vic.gov.au/dpi/vro/vrosite.nsf/pages/soilhealth_what_is)

Soil health

(https://www.nrcs.usda.gov/wps/portal/nrcs/main/soils/health/)

List of readings on soil healt

(https://www.dpi.nsw.gov.au/agriculture/soils/structure/list-of-readings-on-soil-health)

Leaf and petiole analysis is an established tool. Protocol for perennial crops have been standardized for nutrient analysis.

I have attached some articles about preparing soil extract media.

I recommend -80ºC for long term storage

In short, in pot culture, for attaining optimum plant growth the fertilizer requirements must be based on internal nutrient requirement of the plants rather than the weight of soil per pot or size of the pot. The approached is well tested and highly effective

The farmers' behaviour towards soil fertility management is influenced by following factors:

1. Level of awareness of farmers regarding importance of SFM in enhancing crop yields and in promoting eco-friendly cultivation.

2. Present level of nutrient status of soil

3. Type of crops and varieties under cultivation

4. Availability of locally recycled manures

5. Cost of nutrient fertilizer in the market and their accessibility.

Hanuman Singh Jatav

Dear Jatav,

In the last decade or so, there have been remarkable advances in our knowledge of various topics in soil science. It is not possible to list all of them, so I will try to recall some based on what has been discussed in conferences, and what has been published in soil science journals. These include the fate and effects of antibiotics in soils, 4 per mile initiative, clay-organic matter interactions, soil change due to anthropogenic impact, biological soil health indicators, biochar effects on soil properties, soil variability at the aggregate and soil profile scales, use of non-invasive techniques for soil research, nano-fertilizers, temporal and spatial variability of soil properties, factors controlling nutrient availability in soils, the role of dust deposition on soil development, silicon dynamics in soils and ecosystems, pedometrics, pesticide transport in soil, indicators of soil development, the genesis of technosols, fate of heavy metals in soils, new methods of soil analysis, and many others.

Keep safe,

Victor Asio

1. Take 10 g of soil sample in 50 ml or 100 mL beaker (1:2.5 Soil water suspension ratio)

2. Add 20 or 25 mL of distilled water, stir well for about 5 minutes and keep for half an hour.

3. Again stir just before immersing the electrodes and take the pH reading by using pH meter.

NOTE: Prepare standard buffer solutions of 4.0, 7.0 and 9.2 in distilled water.

1. Take 10 g of soil sample in 50 ml or 100 mL beaker (1:2.5 Soil water suspension ratio)

2. Add 20 or 25 mL of distilled water, stir well for about 5 minutes and keep for half an hour.

3. Again stir just before immersing the electrodes and take the pH reading by using pH meter.

NOTE: Prepare standard buffer solutions of 4.0, 7.0 and 9.2 in distilled water.

1) Take 0.5 or 1.0 g 0.2 mm sieved soil sample into a 500 ml capacity conical flak.2) Add 10 ml of 1 N potassium dichromate solution and 20 ml of concentrated sulphuric acid, gently mixed and keep the contents for 1/2 hour.3) After 30 min, add 200 ml distilled water, 10 ml phosphoric acid, about 0.2 g NaF and 8 to 10 drops of diphenylamine indicator.4) Titrate the contents against the standard ferrous sulfate or ferrous ammonium sulfate till it becomes bright green in colour.5) Run a blank titration by following all the above steps without soil.6) After noting down the burette readings of both blank and sample titrations, calculate the organic carbon present in the soil using the following formula

Dear Gabin, I am glad to see that the importance of the humus form and associated feedbacks becomes fully recognized in the assessment and remediation of pollution. Yes, you are right, if trace elements cannot be extracted from a polluted soil (e.g. through phytomining like this had been done in Chenobyl), we have to decrease their mobility. The addition of alkaline compounds, e.g. hydroxyapatite or basic slag is a solution, by increasing pH and precipitating metals, but we can also search for a biological treatment. My former view was to favour humification, in order to stabilize metals within humic assemblages, hence my idea of introducing saprophagous invertebrates thought to be tolerant to heavy metals like those living in soils at pH < 5. This was a complete failure because most of them were probably killed (or repelled) by neutral pH values. However, more experiments could be conducted by considering that tolerance to heavy metals is not necessarily related to life in acid soils. We know that there are areas where selection for heavy metal tolerance occurred for a long time and where we can probably find some organisms which could be introduced in more recently polluted areas in which they had not enough time to appear by natural selection of dispersal. In particular I am thinking of those areas where there are naturally anomalous high contents in cadmium. See for instance http://www.afes.fr/wp-content/uploads/2017/10/EGS_6_2_BAIZE.pdf. What do you think of that? Best regards. JF

Walkley-Black chromic acid wet oxidation method (1934) is best method.

Organic amendment with rice straw, ash, husk etc. is better than inorganic amendment of saline soil. However, drainage system should be improved to drain out the soluble salts specially Na and Cl.

Hi Paul, he want to make colloidal silica, the main method is using cation exchange resin to remove sodium or potassium from sodium and potassium silicate.

The Walkley-Black method is best to estimated the organic carbon analysis in soil

Indian journal of Agricultural Sciences

Hi David,

I sympathise with those who do not have access through their institution. I will send a preprint to whoever requests it via e-mail, and I will do the same later when the paper is published. You and I remember a time when we would send "Reprint request cards" in the snail mail to get reprints. I must have sent thousands back in the days... As to the open access journals you mention, I don't have the thousands of euros or dollars they require for publication. At EJSS, it would have cost me around 7000 dollars (!!!!!) to make these two articles accessible to everyone. I think that something is definitely broken with scientific publishing. I used to think that open access was a solution, but I found recently that, there as well, publishing is a way for some people to put tons of money into their (deep) pockets. No different than at Elsevier, Springer, and the other highway robbers. We need research institutions and universities to finally invest in a truly non-profit, open access publishing enterprise, so that the public does not pay twice for the research it needs.

Yes!

Please take a look at the following RG links.