Social Science - Science topic

Vardan Atoyan, Welcome.

The proponent of the simulation hypothesis must do better than present a "just-so" scenario. Specifically, she must spell out the conditions under which that hypothesis would be shown wrong.

Otherwise, she faces a simulation regress: whatever/whoever is responsible for the simulation is itself trapped in a simulation, and so on.

Silly claims like these make on re-appreciate in a more charitable light the classical American pragmatists' insistence on differences that make a difference...

Until and unless one can point to a difference that simulation would make (in comparison with our ordinary -- and more parsimonious -- conception of the world), simulation theory does not deserve the grandiose label "theory."

I know that simulation theory came from the upper reaches of the ivory tower (Nick Bostrom at Oxford), but it says a lot about the current state of philosophy when the most apt reading for appraising simulation theory is the chapter "But it fits!" in Stephen Law's excellent book, Believing Bullshit: How Not to Get Sucked into an Intellectual Black Hole.

https://tedfrick.sitehost.iu.edu/steiner/Methodology%20of%20Theory%20Building%204mb.pdf

There are three terms that are worth understanding: SCI, SCIE, and SSCI. All three are databases of academic journals maintained in the Web of Science Master Journal List operated by Clarivate Analytics.

SCI: Science Citation Index – SCI is a multidisciplinary index that covers 8,500+ “notable and significant” journals across 150+ disciplines, from 1900 to the present. These journals are often considered as the world’s leading journals in science and technology, because of their level of influence and broad circulation.

SCIE: Science Citation Index Expanded – SCIE includes a slightly broader scope of journals than SCI, with inclusion of emerging and regional journals. Some tend to view inclusion in the SCI database as more prestigious than those in SCIE only, but this is subject to debate.

SSCI: Social Sciences Citation Index – SSCI is a multidisciplinary index that covers 3400+ journals across 58 social science disciplines, from 1900 to present. Similar to SCI, these journals are generally considered the most “prestigious and/or influential” in their respective fields.

Hope this helps! Best wishes for a smooth and successful publication journey.

Best regards,

Hamed Bazaz | Founder, Managing Director | www.journaledit.com

factorial analysis

Vardan Atoyan Agreed. It's time to rethink we do social science research.

Good Answer Arvind Singh

First of all, there are two different questions to look at. The first is the value and status of the eco-system and the second is the value and the quantity of the service. By focussing on eco-system services and not the capital we tend to miss important aspects. The first is the value of the natural capital. Capital is something which is used in production but not used up. Built capital (like houses) are valued at "market value" that is what someone is prepared to pay for them, rather than their replacement cost, which must form some baseline. The next value and quantity is that of "roof over head" or apartments. Again, unless you have controlled rents (Germany) you have the valuation of what people are prepared to pay. So the quantification is the number of apartments and with number of bedrooms, total potential housing people/year.

Value is tricky. If I have a home I will not want to respond to a "flats to rent" sign. But if homeless and with money I might. Homeless without money I won't.

Now. let us assume that we want our population to have a service. What natural capital is needed to provide that service? Now you have a dimension. What natural capital do we have? Now you have a gap to work with. Do we have the capital and are still not providing the service? Now you have a production gap.

But of course, the difficult thing is what service?

There IS one measure though of ecosystems - maturity. See Odum et al. Easy to measure, mature eco-systems represent capital that can be used to provide services. Mature eco-systems have high mass, absorb sunlight, control rain, provide biodiversity etc etc.

So that brings me to answer that 1) measure the ecological maturity. 2) Dimension the natural capital needed by the geographical region the capital shall serve. 3) identify the services remembering that you need to extract the services without degrading maturity. Clever people(indigenous) increase maturity AND extract services at the same time. Read Odum if you haven't already.

The impact in public law is limited by the Emergency Coronavirus Act 2020 that was passed by parliament, and created emergency (6 months) powers to the executive to suspended some basic human freedoms so as to appropriately respond and fight the pandemic. This without doubt had it's own effects on private law given that such powers suspended the performance of contracts for unspecified periods, and to neither of the parties fault therefore causing frustration (see Force Majuere). The forfeiture moratorium introduced by the Coronavirus Act 2020 should cover all this. This only applies to the UK

Hi Cory Jensen

You could consider the following:

I have just browsed

Algharabat, R., Rana, N. P., Alalwan, A. A., Baabdullah, A., & Gupta, A. (2020). Investigating the antecedents of customer brand engagement and consumer-based brand equity in social media. Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, 53.

my point:

The authors study how brands can generate consumer brand engagement that affects brand equity whereas the should rather study how brand offers or brand other activities inspire consumers-and-other-stakeholders transformation and empowerment for rest of their life.

There is a lot of research on how brands can generate consumer engagement and almost no research on how brands transform and empower consumers for the rest of their life. The last work of Banksy about eclipse of the liking-based heroes belongs to the latter group as to the field of art. The Instagram initiative of like- button removal is the practical action of this kind.

I agree with Patrizia Nanz

Anamika Sinha I agree with Andreas Kopf regarding misperceptions about the quality of a study based on R-square. What more important is that how do we understand and interpret R-square and other output of a statistical analysis.

Secondly, 23% explanation of the total variance (i.e., R-square or Coefficient of the determination) is not at all small but just below Large (i.e., Large is 0.2592 and above), according to Cohen (1988). Accordingly Small is 0.0196, and Medium is 0.1304. Consult the references given below please. Regards

Cohen, J. (1988). Statistical power analysis for the behavioral sciences. (Second ed.). Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.

Cohen, J. (1992). Statistical power analysis. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 1(3), 98-101. doi:10.1111/1467-8721.ep10768783

The summary of the bloomberg article spells it out. Herd immunity with its unfortunate 'collateral damage' as no one has any immunity to this novel pathogen, and secondly, immunization, which is still a long way off. Thus, prevention is better than cure, but there is no cure, except the above, besides for all the supportive treatment provided.

There could be two scenarios. First, the journal could be a predatory journal with bogus impact factor and bogus indexed information. Second, the journals may actually be listed in WOS, but has not been assigned any impact factor yet. There are several journals that have not received an impact factor because they may not have been indexed in WOS for long.

To check for the first issue, I suggest you look up the publisher. If the publisher is legitimate like Wiley, Elsevier, Sage, Taylor and Francis, Cambridge, Oxford, MIT press; then the journal might not have received any JCR report yet. You may also want to check Beall's predatory journal list.

To check for the second scenario, if you have an EndNote account you can login and enter the section named "Manuscript Match". You can choose some of the similar articles published in that journal and develop a title or abstract just to check of if the journal appears as one of the potential match. I hope this might uncover the mystery of this particular journal.

Yes. Ready to contribute in survey.

I can mention what happens to us here in Ecuador, between March 12 and April 11, the Integrated Security Service - ECU 911 received 6,819 alarm calls for possible cases of gender-based violence, based on those numbers, there were, on average, 235 daily calls for this reason, and 55% of those distress requests were made from Quito and Guayaquil , the two most populous cities. Unfortunately these numbers are relatively the same as that done before the exit restriction, you experience a space full of tensions since the sufferings have not decreased and we will know the magnitude when leaving the emergency. since many people are obliged to share the confinement space with the aggressor and being constantly vigilated, it does not give them the possibility to ask for help, so the risk to which they are exposed is much greater. In addition to this confinement lists, it is added in the confinement other aggravating, such as the loss of work, dependence on prohibited substances, economic crisis, care for minors, among others, therefore the home becomes a space full of tensions; which can give ground to the growth of violence. The risk is high and the control even stronger for those who have previously reported and are currently confined to the aggressor, since they control, check their phone, isolate them from family and friends, do not let them use the internet, among other things, so they find themselves in a very limited possibility of asking for help. In each home there is a different and particular quarantine. How do you live it, if you'd be short of food, work?

Ultimately, only properly collected data from a sound study can give us the best estimate of an answer to this question. However, in my opinion, I am expecting a worsening of diabetic control on average across diabetics in quarantine and who will not contract COVID-19. Less physical activity and higher ratio of food intake not burned through activity are ingredients of a metabolic "nightmare" especially for related diseases such as diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia and hypertension.

Please take a look at the following RG links.

I have personally used both the services during the COVID-19 pandemic and here's what I observed using the same gear(Laptop & ISP) Streaming Quality *Zoom    ** Video - 4/5 (Full HD supported)    ** Audio - 4/5 (also good)    ** Screen Sharing - 5/5 *Microsoft Teams    ** Video - 3/5    ** Audio - 4/5    ** Screen Sharing - 2/5 Chatroom *Zoom - 5/5 *Microsoft Teams - 3/5 (Found it very hard to send messages privately)

Internet Usage *Zoom - acceptable *Microsoft Teams - not acceptable (high bandwidth requirement) Host Controls *ZOOM - 5/5   **host can control user actions (mute mic's, give privileges to share screen without any other privileges), etc. *Microsoft Teams - 3/5   **It always takes more than 2 to 3 mouse clicks to stop someone from doing something. UI is not forgiving. GUI *Zoom - 5/5    ** only has what you need when you are in a meeting *Microsoft Teams   ** at first thought you think it is a learning curve but the truth is, the UI is not forgiving Screen Sharing Privileges *Zoom   ** anyone can share their screen but it can be controlled by the user. *Microsoft team   ** only presenters can share their screen. It also gives them additional privileges similar to host (kicking someone out of the session)

Conclusion Zoom is better Overall I would use Microsoft Team in cases where my organization uses Microsoft Online Suite extensively and cannot afford to pay for services offered by ZOOM(it becomes an additional expense)

P.S.

Do not host a session alone.

Always have someone to monitor and operate the host controls, so you can concentrate on what you are doing like teaching, etc.

No there is not. There is no relationship between 'nation' and DNA. Nations are not genetic groups. Nations are 'imagined communities' (Benedict Anderson).

Deed dere Hey, I would like to deepen my understanding on the issues you raised in here. Would you help me with some material/slides/schemes? Thanks a lot

I will usually prefer to publish Coronavirus paper in journals related to Microbiology, Medicine, and Public Health

Begin with an introductory paragraph outlining the scope of the literature review and then use sub-headers to divide individual sections. Identify and discuss each concept or issue relevant to the study, giving frequent citations to other studies. At least half of the references should be within the previous five years. Make sure it is clear why and how the concept or issue is relevant to your study or problem.

Here are my thoughts about the overall structure of a research manuscript:

Can a school discussion club run on social media portals be an active didactic tool that develop critical thinking in students?

Yes, I totally agree to this concept. First of all, it should be monitored by teachers and school authorities prohibiting negative and offset remarks.

The threads of conversation and relevant answers to questions by students will boost the morale of students. The intrinsic motivation of students will accentuate while seeing their answers being READ, RECOMMENDED and LIKED. The students will opt for research and give valuable and deep insight to questions enhancing critical and collaboration skills. These two skills are termed as 21st Century Skills.

Teachers can take the social media discussion tool for discussion in classrooms and also lead students to Media Conference thereby developing leadership skills in them.

Students will be aware of the society problems and feel closer to universal problems which they are part of.

Thanks and Regards

Munira Tharwani

The question raised my attention, because some recovered patient reflect that they are stigmatized by their neighborhood upon returning home from the hospital. I am not sure if this situation is generally happening around the world. It's good to hear your experience in US

You may look into journals covered by Emerald regarding your concern.

That book has an extensive bibliography, so I would follow their recommendations.

Desarrollar contenido aducativo para alojarlo en una plataforma requiere mucho tiempo y recursos. Además, tienes que crear los usuarios para los maestros y estudiantes, capacitarlos previamente en el uso de la plataforma, entre otros.

En lo inmediato, lo esencial es utilizar un canal de comunicación directa donde el maestro pueda presentar la clase en vivo y asignar las tareas a los estudiantes. Por ende, las plataformas que permiten realizar videoconferencias son idóneas en tal sentido. Son amigables, no es necesario disponer de material didáctico más que una presentación powerpoint, por ejemplo, las personas crean su propio usuario, pueden acceder desde sus teléfonos inteligentes y no requieren demasiado conocimiento para usarlo por primera vez.

No puedo dejar de mencionar que tenemos resultados satisfactorios usando las videoconferencias para el teletrabajo. Algunas herramientas que pueden ser útiles:

- Meet de Hangouts

- Zoom meetings

- Classroom de Google

- Google forms

- Correo electrónico

Rhiannon Phillips I am very interested in this aspect to make a scientific paper studying the Coronavirus COVID-19 in terms of social sciences

High working age group with human capital is always beneficial.

One has to be careful this days not to publish in predatory journals. They are numerous and lure academics to publish in them.

Hello,

Completely, it's very easy to observe at the moment a lot of transformations in the routine operations to virtual/online, but not only: it's, notablly, obvious enough to see how consumers are going to change their purchasing behaviour.

They are adopting new practices, for instance, home deliveries for their shopping or still pick-up on drive-sites (you understand ? like Mac drives).

Bye

Depth psychology is relevant, in my experience.

Dear Colleagues and Friends from RG,

In the context of the above discussion, I propose to add to our considerations the following important issue:

Scientific conferences make it possible to make friends with other scientists and researchers. During the conference there are opportunities to conduct discussions and debates on interesting topics. Thanks to this, it is possible to undertake scientific cooperation and create international research teams and projects.

Do you agree with me on the above matter?

- What do you think about this topic?

- What is your opinion on this topic?

Please reply.

I invite you to discussion and scientific cooperation.

Thank you very much.

Best wishes.

Dariusz Prokopowicz

Dear Colleagues and Friends from RG,

The above discussion inspired me to the following considerations regarding the following issues:

Collaborative publication of scientific papers as a presentation of research results carried out by teams of researchers and scientists.

Joint publishing has many positive aspects. Publishing in co-authorship is often the result of the presentation of research results from team-led scientific research, is the result of research and scientific projects conducted by teams of researchers and scientists, and increasingly international research teams. There are many positive attributes associated with this. In a scientific publication written by a team of authors, joint conclusions from conducted research may be presented, with which all researchers, scientists of a given research team agree, and there may also be polemics and discussions that will significantly enrich the substantive values ??of a given scientific publication. In addition, if individual researchers, scientists of a specific international research team represent various countries and scientific environments, possibly also various scientific disciplines, then a specific jointly conducted research project obtains the attributes of interdisciplinarity, internationalization, etc. The possibilities of presenting multi-author texts and scientific papers, including scientific publications that were created to present the results of research carried out by international, interdisciplinary teams of researchers and scientists.

Do you agree with me on the above matter?

What is your opinion on this topic?

Please reply.

I invite you to discussion and scientific cooperation.

Thank you very much.

Best wishes.

Dariusz Prokopowicz

Hello Fizza Qureshi. Think about the distinction between partial and semi-partial (aka., part) correlations. What happens if you compute semi-partial correlations rather than partial correlations? My guess is the results will be consistent with what you're seeing in your regression results. HTH.

PS- To get semi-partial correlations with SPSS (which you listed as a topic), use the ZPP option on the STATISTICS sub-command of the REGRESSION command. ZPP is short for zero-order, partial & part correlations.

https://www.ibm.com/support/knowledgecenter/en/SSLVMB_26.0.0/statistics_reference_project_ddita/spss/base/syn_regression_statistics_independent_variables.html

The first comment is misogynistic. That behaviour should not have a place anywhere.

RE: «Isn't it better to speak & write in terms of "conditions-for" instead of 'causes'?»

Wouldn't the conditions have to be casual conditions? Sure, causal explanation is pragmatic or interest-relative, and we focus on a causal factor that's relevant to us. So to light a match I think of causing it to light by striking it, our usual practice. I suppose in a certain kind of anaerobic environment, a more salient action might be injecting oxygen at the moment and point of striking.

Regular eating raw garlic strengthen the immune system of the body.

AI can save our time & help in collecting many data what humans cant. In fact AI can share researches with the entire world. That's obviously the benefit part. But the challenge is the propergal & ethical use of AI devises to reserach.

Just start simple with equal weights , but it can be become quite sophisticated

these two volumes will help on the Bayes estimation:

Criminologists are increasingly theorizing about relationships between life-course occurrences and patterns of criminal behavior. The life-events calendar method features interviewing conditions that respondents find more pleasurable than those typical of traditional survey administrations. It also provides a way to collect retrospective longitudinal data that is cheaper than using traditional panel designs and potentially more practical when dealing with unstable respondents that would be difficult to re-contact. The life-events calendar method provides data that are rarely worse and typically more comprehensive than data derived from traditional surveys, making it a viable option for criminologists who conduct survey research. The life-events calendar method encourages accuracy in self-reporting by providing respondents with visual and verbal cues that facilitate recall, utilizing reference points to improve precision and establish temporal ordering, and facilitating respondent-researcher interaction. The life-events calendar method is therefore ideal for studying offenders and others who feature memory problems, cognitive difficulties, co-occurring risk factors, and instability in their lives.

First off, I suggest that you avoid predatory journals/publishers. Secondly, if your research had roots in psychology although it’s conducted in an education setting, I would recommend the Scandinavian Journal of Psychology which is an A-rated journal in psychology.

See the following example:

The current evaluation of the Impact Factor of the Journal based on the number of times was cited by the number of articles that are frequently cited by many users. Moreover, it is focused on Citation Reports, Citation Impact, and h-index, Citescore, Yearly Impact Factor, Source Normalized Impact per Paper (SNIP) and SCImago Journal Rank, etc. With regard to the popularity and reputation comparison between Natural Science Journal and Social Science Journals is that the number of users mostly cited the particular paper per day.

My favorite ones are comparison, case studies, and interviews.

Dear Zainin Bidin ,

Thank you for your participation in discussion. I think both are important. But the topic of discussion is about being competitive in the information age.

I will take into consideration your comment!

Regards,

Dr. Atoyan

Am not sure Santiago I follow what you said. Elasticity can be used and Beta weights can be used. If I understand you? I will interpret elasticity as I % increase in the RHS variable changes the regressand by the estimated sign and coefficient of the RHS eg LnY= 2 -0.5Ln(X) -- Here a percent increase in X decreases y by .5 on the avg

https://cyberpsychology.eu/index good journal Q3 D. Maharani

Three hundred years ago, if a woman was raped and became pregnant we'd kill the rapist and spare the baby; today, we spare the rapist and kill the baby.

Our Human Herds; the Theory of Dual Morality - 2019

Thank you Lusine!

This confusion is also reflected in a discussion that took place only recently here in the Forum:

I know some of the people who wrote this and would trust that they read everything.

Bio, Psycho, Social

Many thanks for the kind comment...

No, thank

Si, siempre y cuando se tenga comprobación tacita del estudio.

I think for Social science APA is the best and its cover all your needs

I have to assess conceptual papers occasionally as a reviewer and more frequently as a reader. My assessment practice is not so different from the assessment of empirical papers. My first question always is: Does the paper raise a relevant question? Does it address a gap in our (in this case, theoretical) knowledge? Since I mostly do empirical research, one of my criteria for relevance is the impact of the question and answer on empirical work. Although I admit that there might be papers whose relevance is purely theoretical, I tend to prefer those that support empirical work (e.g., by clarifying concepts and relationships between them).

This rules out most papers that just discuss differences between theoretical approaches. It also rules out papers that propose a new theory to solve a problem that does not exist outside this particular theory. In the latter case, nothing is lost if the paper is not published :).

If the paper addresses a relevant theoretical question, my second criterion is the quality of the answer. Does the paper really solve the problem it poses? Is the argument theoretically consistent? A common problem in this respect is that answers combine theories that rest on contradictory ontological or epistemological premises.

I hope this helps.

The goals of teaching social sciences in the school are to instill social values, customs and traditions as well as build a human personality, study the hopes and aspirations of society, and contribute to the socialization of students...

Dear Dr Singh,

You can check for following journals.

1. International Journal of Sociology and Social Policy (https://www.emeraldgrouppublishing.com/ijssp.htm)

2.European Journal of Social Science: ( https://www.europeanjournalofsocialsciences.com/ejss_submission.html )

3. Journal of Social Studies Education Research ( https://jsser.org/index.php/jsser )

4. The Social Science Journal ( https://www.journals.elsevier.com/the-social-science-journal )

Here is a recent application that uses the more recently developed framework

sorry not to be more helpful but your question is very encompassing, and this area is not my specialty!

“You could never convince a monkey to give you a banana by promising him limitless bananas after death in monkey heaven.”

― Yuval Noah Harari, Sapiens: A Brief History of Humankind

thank you, all the best to come

I highly recommend this article which discusses the dangers of imputation, mean imputation in particular. http://people.oregonstate.edu/~acock/missing/working%20with%20missing%20values.pdf

Dear Colleagues and Friends from RG,

In view of the above, in the ending of 2019 I am asking the following question:

In my opinion, technologies for processing large data sets in Big Data database systems and other information technologies, information processing services on the Internet or data obtained from the Internet, including social networks. The Internet of Things will continue to grow dynamically, supporting enterprise process management systems, computer data processing, Business Intelligence, etc. In addition, other technologies typical of the current fourth technological revolution, known as Industry 4.0.

Therefore, in the context of the above considerations, the following important question arises:

What are the main determinants of the development of internet communication and information services?

Below are some of the technological fields and development determinants of internet communication and information services that have been rapidly developing in recent years:

1. The use of information systems, ICT and Industry 4.0 information technologies, including Big Data, Business Intelligence in building and improving specific models of information technology management in organizations.

2. Industry 4.0 technologies are used in the processes of disseminating open innovations in new online media and in securing them, i.e. in developing cyber security technologies.

3. The development of marketing in recent years is determined by the development of Industry 4.0 technology and the development of open innovation on the Internet.

4. Industry 4.0 technologies are also used in the development of transaction systems and transaction security in the field of e-commerce and online banking.

5. In recent years, Industry 4.0 technologies have also been used to improve risk management processes.

6. In recent years, the impact of the implementation process of ICT information technologies, new media internet technologies, including social media portals and advanced data processing technology Industry 4.0 into teaching processes in schools has been noticed.

7. Technologies of advanced data processing Industry 4.0, including above all Learning machines and Artificial Intelligence is also used in the attempt to build machines equipped with the ability to self-improve the performed tasks and programmed activities.

8. In addition, in recent years information technology and Industry 4.0 have also been used in many other areas of industry, services, production technology improvement, in medicine, biotechnology, in forecasting the future development of complex processes, in various branches and sectors of the knowledge-based economy.

Ad. 1: ICT and Industry 4.0 information technologies are used in the development of advanced data processing technologies and Big Data analytics and Data Science analytics, Data Analytics used in economics, finance and management of organizations, including enterprises, financial and public institutions. In my opinion, scientific research confirms the strong correlation between the development of Big Data technology, Data Science analytics, Data Analytics and the effectiveness of the use of knowledge resources. I believe that the development of Big Data technology and Data Science analytics, Data Analytics and other ICT information technologies, multi-criteria technology, advanced processing of large information sets, and Industry 4.0 technology increases the efficiency of using knowledge resources, including in the field of economics, finance and organization management. In recent years, ICT information technologies, Industry 4.0 etc. have been particularly dynamically developing and are used in knowledge-based economies. These technologies are used in scientific research and business applications in commercially operating enterprises and in financial and public institutions. Due to the growing importance of this issue in knowledge-based economies, an important issue is the analysis of the correlation between the development of Big Data technology and Data Science, Data Analytics, Business Intelligence and the effectiveness of using knowledge resources to solve key problems of civilization development, e.g. in the implementation programs for the quick implementation of the principles of sustainable pro-ecological development in economic processes in accordance with the green economy philosophy and the financing of programs for the creation and implementation of ecological innovations, and the urgent implementation of necessary ecological reforms. The goal of these pro-ecological business venture programs is to reduce the level of environmental pollution and slow down the global warming process. However, this is only one of the key global problems, the solution of which may be conditioned by the question of the possibility of increasing the efficiency of using large resources of knowledge accumulated in Big Data databases in knowledge-based economies. In connection with the above, I suggest the following research questions that may inspire you to implement important and interesting research projects:

Are there studies that verify the correlation between the development of Big Data technology and Data Science analytics, Data Analytics, Business Intelligence and other ICT information technologies and advanced data processing Industry 4.0 and the effectiveness of the use of knowledge resources, including in the field of economics, finance and management of organizations, including enterprises, financial and public institutions? In recent years, there have been more and more media reports that in many countries there has been a significant increase in environmental pollution and a global acceleration of the global warming process. The problem is serious because the pace of the global warming process has significantly accelerated in recent years. However, this is only one of many key problems in the development of human civilization to be urgently solved in the 21st century. It is therefore necessary to increase the efficiency of processing knowledge resources in order to find faster solutions to key problems of civilization development. The use of Big Data, Data Science, Data Analytics, Business Intelligence and other ICT information technologies as well as advanced data processing Industry 4.0 in the processing of knowledge resources should contribute to increasing the efficiency of knowledge resource processing in knowledge-based economies, including in the field of economics and finance.

Ad. 2: Industry 4.0 technologies are used in the processes of disseminating open innovations in new online media and in securing them, i.e. in developing cyber security technologies. At present, the dominant view is that the dissemination of open innovations in new online media, open data sources and open knowledge tools conditions the reduction of knowledge acquisition costs and is an important factor in the development of the knowledge and technology economy. Technological innovations can also be open innovations. Many open technological innovations are currently being created in the field of new online media, on social media portals operated by technology internet companies. Open technological innovations are created using ICT information technologies and advanced data processing technologies typical of the current technological revolution known as Industry 4.0. The ongoing technological revolution referred to as Industry 4.0 is an important factor activating the development of open innovations related to information services available for free on the Internet. The technological revolution of Industry 4.0 is determined by the development of the following advanced information processing technologies, which include, among others: Big Data database technologies, cloud computing, machine learning, Internet of Things, artificial intelligence, Business Intelligence and other advanced technologies of Data Mining. The technologies for advanced information processing listed above are increasingly used in various fields of industry, production of goods and provision of services. The number of industries, branches of economic activity and sectors of the national economy is growing, in which advanced information processing technologies typical of the current fourth technological revolution known as Industry 4.0 are used. Thanks to the above-mentioned technologies, in recent years more and more open technological innovations are being created, which are used in the development of information services offered on the Internet. In line with the above, a lot of new open innovations are emerging in the field of new online media, including information services offered on social media portals and other types of internet portals offering various free information services. In the following years, the development of open innovations may also be determined by the use of blockchain technology in the field of improving data transfer security systems on the Internet. Blockchain technology can also be used to secure online settlements and social payments, including financing innovative projects, new ventures developed by technological startups, and financing the development of open innovations through e.g. crowdfunding. Perhaps in the online accounts will also be used in the future critical critics. Perhaps in the future cryptocurrencies will be displacing traditional currency from online financial transactions between fintechs, financial institutions, innovative startups, online technology companies operating social media portals and their clients, and between users of these portals. The development of all of the above-mentioned ICT information technologies, advanced data processing technologies Industry 4.0 and technologies facilitating financial operations on the Internet and ensuring a high level of security of internet data transfer. The development of technological innovations, ICT information technologies, advanced information processing technologies co-creating the current technological revolution Industry 4.0, financing through crowdfunding, securing online transactions with blockchain technology, increasing the use of cryptocurrencies in these settlements, etc. These can be important determinants of the development of innovative, technological startups operating on the Internet and factors of development of the knowledge-based economy in subsequent years. In connection with the above, the development of open innovation is correlated with the issue of development of innovation and entrepreneurship in the economy. A significant proportion of innovative startups develop their business model based on open innovations. On the other hand, in macroeconomic terms, the development of open innovations can be an important determinant of economic development in developing countries and in developed knowledge-based economies. In view of the above, research shows that the dissemination of open innovations and open knowledge bases is an important issue for building a sustainable economy in a technologically developed and developing country.

In addition, the dissemination of open open innovations and open knowledge bases is also a key issue for the development of highly competitive knowledge and technology based factor markets. The dissemination of open, open innovations and open knowledge bases is also an important determinant of the possibility of reducing the asymmetry of information and knowledge between producers, service providers, financial institutions, etc. and their clients. Dissemination of open innovations in new online media, open data sources and open knowledge tools is a condition for reducing the cost of acquiring knowledge. This issue correlates with the development of open databases and open libraries and knowledge databases available on the Internet. In view of the above, the dissemination of open innovations in combination with the Internet of Things technology and open knowledge bases made available on the Internet is necessary for the effective development of the knowledge-based economy. I described these issues in my publications, which are available on the Research Gate portal. I invite you to scientific cooperation.

Ad. 3: Market development in recent years is determined by the development of Industry 4.0 technology and the development of open innovation on the Internet. Open innovations developed on the Internet concern, among others, free information and marketing services. The issue of the possibility of publishing specific content, texts, banners, comments, etc. on the Internet and obtaining free information are key determinants of the development of information services on the Internet. On the other hand, the largest internet technology corporations earn income mainly from paid marketing services. Therefore, the Internet environment is a kind of mix of free and paid information and marketing services, which are simultaneously, simultaneously and simultaneously interrelatedly developed by various Internet companies. Currently, research is conducted into the analysis of the development of open innovations in the field of free information services, which are the main factor of business success of the largest online technology companies, which include such concerns as Google and social media portals such as Facebook, Instagram, YouTube, Tweeter, LinkedIn and others .

In my opinion, the development of internet information services will be determined by technological progress in the field of new ICT, communication technologies and advanced data processing techniques typical of the current technological revolution known as Industry 4.0. The development of information processing technology in the era of the current technological revolution called Industry 4.0 is determined by the use of new information techniques, for example in the field of e-commerce and e-marketing. These solutions are the basis for the business success of the largest online technology concerns that offer information search, data collection and processing services in the cloud (e.g. Google) and provide information services on platforms developed in social media portals (e.g. Facebook, Instagram, YouTube, Tweeter, LinkedIn, Pinterest, and more).

The current technological revolution referred to as Industry 4.0 is motivated by the development of the following factors: Big Data database technologies, cloud computing, machine learning, Internet of Things, artificial intelligence, Business Intelligence and other advanced technologies of Data Mining. These information technologies, combined with the improvement of ICT and communication technologies, along with the progressive process of increasing the computing power of computers will become an important determinant of technological progress in various industries in subsequent years.

Based on the development of these new technological solutions, the processes of innovatively organized analyzes of large information collections gathered in Big Data database systems and computing cloud computing for the purposes of applications in such fields as machine learning, Internet of Things, artificial intelligence have been dynamically developing in recent years. , Business Intelligence. To this can be added other areas of advanced technologies for analyzing large data sets, such as Medical Intelligence, Life Science, Green Energy, etc. Processing and multi-criteria analysis of large data sets in Big Data database systems is carried out according to the V4 concept, i.e. Volume (meaning large number of data), Value (large values ??of specific parameters of the information analyzed), Velocity (high speed of new information appearing) and Variety (high information diversity).

The above-mentioned advanced technologies of information processing and analysis are used more and more often for the needs of marketing activities of various business entities that advertise their offer on the Internet or analyze the needs in this respect reported by other entities, including companies, corporations, financial and public institutions. More and more commercially operating business entities and financial institutions conduct marketing activities on the Internet, including on social media portals.

The information and communication technologies listed above, combined with the improvement of ICT technologies and the implementation of Business Intelligence analytics into the processes of economic and financial, economic, macroeconomic and market analyzes may be instrumental instruments helpful in the efficient and effective management of economic, investment processes and enterprises, including analyzes carried out for the purposes of improving marketing activities in enterprises.

More and more companies, banks and other entities need to carry out multi-criteria analyzes on large data sets downloaded from the Internet describing the markets in which they operate and contractors and clients with whom they cooperate. On the other hand, there are already specialized technology companies that offer this type of analytical services, prepare commissioned reports, which are the result of such multi-criteria analyzes of large data sets obtained from various websites and from entries and comments contained on social media portals.

An important research technique that has been developing in recent years, the effects of which are used for the purposes of marketing activities of companies, is sentiment analysis carried out on large data sets collected in the Big Data database systems downloaded from the Internet. In order to group the behaviors of users of social media portals into specific classes of behavior, these classes must first be defined. Sentiment analysis using large data sets collected from entries and comments from social media portals and transferred to Big Data database platforms can be helpful. Then, when observing the changes in certain types of behavior of users of social media portals, you can analyze the data collected in Big Data according to these observations. In addition, a useful tool can be an analysis of the behavior of users of social media portals on the basis of ongoing posts, entries and comments on specific social media pages, statistical analysis of comments on specific topics of posts. This type of research is carried out by online technology companies that run social media portals and use the results of these studies to develop their viral marketing services, because this field of marketing is a key determinant of revenue generated by these companies from advertising sales on social media portals.

Ad. 4: Industry 4.0 technologies are also used in the development of transaction systems and transaction security in the field of e-commerce and online banking. The key determinants of the globally developing e-commerce relate primarily to the implementation of ICT information technologies and advanced data processing technologies, i.e. industry 4.0 typical for the current technological revolution to computerized, automated transaction systems supporting online trading. In addition, the use of blockchain technology for transaction security systems and data transfer on the Internet. The use of ICT information technologies and advanced data processing technologies i.e. typical for the current technological revolution Industry 4.0 to online transaction systems supporting e-commerce already applies to almost all the functioning of online stores, from computerized sales support systems, logistics, accounting, reporting, risk management to Internet marketing activities and improving security systems for online transactions. Another important determinant of e-commerce development is the development of online mobile banking available on mobile devices and new solutions related to the Internet of Things technology. Online banking is starting to dominate, whose development is determined by technological progress in the field of ICT and Industry 4.0 information technologies. Computerization is also increasingly affecting public sector institutions servicing tax systems and business entities settlements. In addition, Business Intelligence analytical platforms supporting the management processes of companies operating also in the e-commerce sector have been developed for several years. The analyst of large information sets in Big Data databases is also developing. Big Data Analytics and Data Science analytical systems are also used by businesses operating also in the field of e-commerce. In recent years, new internet marketing instruments have also been developed, mainly used on social media portals, and are also used by companies operating in the e-commerce sector. Internet technology and fintech companies are also emerging that offer information services on the Internet to support marketing management, including the planning of advertising campaigns for products sold via the Internet. For this purpose, sentiment analyzes are used to survey Internet users' opinions regarding dominant awareness, recognition, brand image, mission, and offer of specific companies. Sentiment analysis is carried out on large data sets downloaded from various websites, including millions of pages of social media portals collected in Big Data systems. The analytical data collected in this way are very helpful in the process of planning advertising campaigns carried out in new media, including social media portals. These campaigns advertise products and services sold via the Internet, available in online stores. In view of the above, the development of e-commerce is mainly determined by technological progress in the field of ICT information technologies and advanced data processing technologies Industry 4.0 and new technologies used in securing financial transactions carried out via the Internet, including e-commerce transactions, e.g. technologies blockchain. I have described the above issues of various aspects of the application of information systems and ICT, including Big Data, Business Intelligence in companies operating on the Internet in my scientific publications available on the Research Gate portal. I invite you to cooperation.

Ad. 5: In recent years, Industry 4.0 technologies have also been used to improve risk management processes. In addition, the structure of expenditure incurred on improving risk management processes in financial institutions has changed in recent years. While in the 1990s, the dominant risk categories that were subject to permanent improvement, including through the implementation of ICT information technologies for analytics and risk modeling, have been the key risk categories in recent years for which particularly high expenditure is allocated to improving management processes these risk categories are primarily risks related to the development of cyber crime, the risk of data transfer on the Internet, risks related to online and mobile electronic banking. In addition, in recent years, the improvement of risk management methods and systems has been carried out through the implementation of Industry 4.0 advanced data processing technology. For now, high levels of profitability of banking operations related to the development of electronic online banking allow spending high costs on improving the management of risk categories related to the development of cyber crime, the risk of data transfer on the Internet, risks related to online and mobile electronic banking. However, this may not always be the case. Competition for classic online banking is growing through the successive increase in the share of cryptocurrencies in transactions carried out electronically. Fintechs are also developing. Therefore, the current development trends of banking in the next decades may change significantly and then there may also be changes in the key barriers to risk management improvement processes.

Ad. 6: In recent years, the impact of the implementation of ICT information technologies, new media Internet technologies, including social media portals and advanced data processing technology Industry 4.0 into teaching processes in schools has been noticed. I fully agree with the thesis that ICT information technologies and new media internet technologies, Industry 4.0 advanced data processing technologies, which are increasingly being implemented into educational processes and may also negatively affect pedagogical processes in schools. I also believe that the implementation of ICT information technologies, new media internet technologies, including social media portals and advanced data processing technology Industry 4.0 into educational processes can have a negative impact on the classical theory of children's mental development. Because in young children and adolescents, the process of adopting new concepts (thought process) in pre-school institutes extends from the perception of the senses (sight, hearing, touch), speech and direct manipulation of real objects (teaching resources), to create abstract concepts is the use of new information technologies ICT, Internet technologies and Industry 4.0 should be done under the full control of educators. Because in young children, this child must first "see the object in his head", he first had to "see it and touch with his hand" to learn, so devoting a significant amount of time to viewing various graphic and film spots, advertising on social media sites by children can cause negative effects in the psyche and in the psychosomatic development of a child. Therefore, information and communication technologies cannot replace every form and method of learning in the educational process of young children and adolescents. Of course, full implementation of ICT information technologies and new media internet technologies cannot be excluded including social media portals and advanced data processing technology Industry 4.0 for teaching processes in schools. This process is already taking place. However, it is necessary to take this process under the full control of educators, teachers and parents of children. There are already many disturbing information from the media and from ongoing research on the effects of using new media internet technologies, including social media portals by children and young people. Children and teenagers mainly browse social media on smartphones. Many children spend too much time browsing social media portals on smartphones. The result is a reduction in the time spent on physical and sport activities, on learning, book readership decreases and the scale of diagnosed vision defects in adolescents in recent years. In this way, many problems arise that can affect the reduction of educational opportunities for children and adolescents. these problems should be solved systemically at all levels of the education system, i.e. from ministries of education to individual schools. Students and parents should be made aware of emerging threats through social campaigns in various media. Research shows that the process of implementing ICT information technologies, new media internet technologies, including social media portals and advanced data processing technologies, Industry 4.0 for teaching processes in schools has already begun. Of course, the use of ICT, Internet and Industry 4.0 technologies in education processes does not only generate negative aspects. Therefore, the central institutions of the education system should coordinate the development of these processes in such a way as to maximize the positive aspects of the implementation of ICT information technologies, new media internet technologies, including social media portals and advanced industry 4.0 data processing technology for teaching processes in schools. However, one should not forget about these negative aspects, about already diagnosed developing problems, which should be solved and educating teachers, students and parents about potential threats.

Ad. 7: Industry 4.0 advanced data processing technologies, including above all Learning machines and Artificial Intelligence is also used in the attempt to build machines equipped with the ability to self-improve the tasks performed and programmed activities. Perhaps in the future there will be an attempt to build artificial awareness in which supercomputers will be equipped. In my opinion, consciousness can only be mathematically modeled in theory. Even if a mathematical model of artificial consciousness were built using ICT and Industry 4.0 and in the future Industry 5.0 and based on this model artificial intelligence would be created in quantum computers installed e.g. in autonomous robots, androids, it will still be only artificial intelligence without emotions and the essence of human consciousness. An analysis of the nature of human thoughts is necessary to distinguish between human intelligence and various artificial intelligence technologies being developed. In advanced computerized systems of neural networks, artificial intelligence systems are created, whose task will be to solve tasks consisting of complex sequences of many algorithms and self-learning systems for solving complex problems with the help of many algorithms. In these systems, man will try to create a structure that solves complex analytical tasks and learns from his mistakes. The advantage of artificial intelligence systems over their creator, i.e. man, is to rely on a much smaller number of mistakes made during repeated processes of solving complex tasks and learning new complex formulas to apply specific increasingly complex algorithms. However, after developing these artificial intelligence systems and applying them in many computerized fields of modern economies, what will be the next stage of technological progress in this field? Therefore, will the age of artificial intelligence and artificial consciousness come after the age of artificial intelligence? In my opinion, this is impossible. In my opinion, despite the rapid progress in the development and creation of new generations of artificial intelligence, it will never be possible to create an artificial creation that can be the equivalent of human intelligence taking into account human emotional intelligence and the specifics of human thoughts, human consciousness, human feelings. Therefore, the thesis can be formulated that in some respects artificial intelligence will probably never match human intelligence. The machine will be able to solve very complex problems and tasks but will not know why it does it, who it is, in what world it operates, it will not be able to realize its existence in the Universe etc. Machines in the form of autonomous androids can perform physically difficult works that a man cannot is able to perform. Quantum computers equipped with Big Data Analytics will be able to solve analytical tasks many times faster than the most powerful human minds. However, they will not be aware of their existence. Human awareness of its existence has been evolved in millions of years of evolution of the human mind and also of human ancestors that preceded humanity, i.e. human-like primates belonging to primates. Human consciousness was created in a process of evolution lasting millions of years, during which the process of continuous interaction of a complex biological organism with the environment has evolved. While artificial intelligence is based on systems of neural networks in a simplified way, to a small extent imitating the human central nervous system and the computational power of performing specific elementary tasks exceeding the analytical abilities of a human being, however, the level of complexity of the living organism of mammals is still many times higher than the most advanced computers.

Ad. 8. In addition, in recent years, Industry 4.0 technologies are also used in many other fields of industry, services, production technology improvement, medicine, biotechnology, in forecasting the future development of complex processes, in various branches and sectors of the knowledge-based economy. Further development of applications of the Industry 4.0 technology is expected in the coming years. In many areas of knowledge, science and industry, the development of various applications of ICT information technologies and advanced data processing Industry 4.0 is just beginning.

Therefore, in recent years, information technologies and Industry 4.0 are also used in many other areas of industry, services, improvement of production technology, in medicine, biotechnology, in forecasting the future development of complex processes, in various branches and sectors of the knowledge-based economy. As a result of the implementation of information technologies and Industry 4.0 to many industries and services, the effects of development synergies are strengthened also in the field of internet communication and information services because currently rapidly developing technological industries of services and industries and enterprises and institutions operating in these industries are increasingly they use the Internet to achieve their business goals.

In view of the above, in order to more fully identify the above issues, it is necessary to conduct research that will facilitate the formulation of answers to the following questions:

Please reply

I invite you to discussion

Thank you very much

Best wishes

Dariusz Prokopowicz

Absolutely genial Vittorio de Sicca's movie, The bicycle thief, on Italy just after WWII https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=h0eHxcPBYCI

In case of you propose two separate mediational models you will obtain two direct causal effects as follows:

a) IV-MV1-DV

b)IV-MV2-DV

There are two types of mediation procedures fro complex model:

a) Full Mediation

b) Partial Mediation

Then confirming the results through bootstrapping. Bootstrapping is the method of sampling with replacement whereby one instructs the algorithm to take the sample of size n from the existing dataset.

Please refer this link for detail.

Hello. We are interested too, especially in the field of Social work. So, if You have some ideas, you can contact me.

Best regards, Andrea

You're welcome Prof. Dr. Fadhil Al-Quraishi .

نعم الجامعة ممكن لها ذلك

Dear Colleagues and Friends from RG,

I propose a discussion on the following topic:

The above discussion inspired me to formulate the following questions:

Can new online media help in the development of research conducted by international research teams? What is the impact of social media portals on the development of science? What are the other features and functions of social media portals that the Research Gate website does not have, and which should be added to this portal because they are useful and available on other websites?

On the basis of the above considerations and conclusions from the discussion on interesting issues discussed, I formulated the following thesis that there may be other features and functions of social media portals that the Research Gate website does not have, which should be added to this portal because they are useful and available on other websites. In this way, Research Gate could be improved to meet the needs of users, researchers and scientists.

Below I have described the key determinants confirming the formulated research thesis. To the above discussion I would like to add the following conclusion formulated as a summary of my earlier considerations on this topic: to define and determine the impact of social media portals on the development of modern science.

In my opinion, the research project can be implemented on an international and organizationalally virtual basis. Information exchange and coordination of necessary activities can be carried out remotely through new online media. The necessary research can also be supported by new online media, including social media. Coarz more often also collecting data for research, conducting surveys is carried out by forms suspended on the Internet. Therefore, I believe that all research projects can be planned and conducted on an international basis and in the form of remote new internet media.

For example, the Research Gate portal is a very useful tool for scientists. It combines the functions of a social media portal with a database of indexation of scientific publications. Improving the RG portal can be accomplished by analyzing the development of other social media portals and adding new functions, a tool for the RG portal that have other social media portals and which the RG portal does not yet have. The Research Gate portal is an information portal and indexation database for scientific publications, having some features and functions of social media portals, however, it is primarily profiled on the issues of scientific research and presenting scientific achievements, including scientific publications. The Research Gate portal is a very useful tool for scientists. It combines the functions of a social media portal with a database of indexation of scientific publications. Improving the RG portal can be accomplished by analyzing the development of other social media portals and adding new functions, a tool for the RG portal that have other social media portals and which the RG portal does not yet have.

On the Research Gate research portal, you can ask questions, provide answers and participate in discussions with other researchers, scientists, research and teaching staff and employees of other institutions. The effectiveness of this solution on the RG portal is determined by many factors, primarily the global scale of the RG portal and profiling into the world of science. First of all, thanks to the opportunity to ask questions, provide answers and participate in discussions on the RG science portal, scientists and researchers can exchange their experiences from conducted research. In this respect, online research gateway stands out from other similar websites developed on the internet.

Thanks to the ability to ask questions, provide answers and participate in discussions, the RG portal enables quick verification of new research concepts and assessment of specific ideas for research and scientific works by other researchers and scientists. In addition, thanks to the participation in discussions of people of science representing the scientific communities of different countries and continents, it is possible to establish and develop international research teams working on similar or the same research projects.

In order for the effectiveness of the discussions on the Research Gate scientific portal to be high, a minimum of the following several issues should be met: topicality and high level of relevance of the scientific topics that are the subject of ongoing discussions. In addition, the growing importance of the issues, the developmental nature of the topics that are the basis of discussions on the Research Gate website. In order for many researchers and scientists to participate in the discussions on the RG portal, the questions and discussion topics should relate to those scientific issues that are the subject of research in many science centers and institutions operating in different countries.

In addition, it is important to maintain specific standards for presenting scientific knowledge and explaining specific problems of ongoing or planned research projects during discussions. The vocabulary used should relate to specific fields of science, so specialized vocabulary used in specific fields and scientific specializations should be used. On the other hand, in order for many people to participate in the discussion, including those representing various fields of science, formulated questions and conducted discussions should not be implemented solely with the use of concepts operating in very narrow fields of science. Questions should concern important issues for people of the world of science, but they should be formulated in a way that they are understandable for scientists and researchers operating in various fields of science.

Because for almost every field of knowledge and science on the Research Gate portal hundreds or thousands of research and analytical questions have been formulated, so many researchers and scientists may find among these questions useful for their research needs specific inspirations to formulate research theses and direct the conducted research processes. Questions formulated on the Research Gate website are often a form of supporting questions for specific theses and research hypotheses. Questions can inspire the search for interesting research concepts and can be an instrument for exchanging experience in the field of research carried out by scientists and researchers operating in different countries on different continents. Discussions conducted on the Research Gate portal can be helpful in developing international scientific cooperation and establishing research teams.

You can draw inspiration for many interesting research projects from the discussions on the Research Gate research portal. During these discussions, you can verify new concepts and ideas about the topics and methods of ongoing or planned research. During these discussions, researchers and scientists will learn different views, different interpretations and assessments for specific proposals for new research projects. During the exchange of views, new concepts of research are verified and the best and the most effective solutions for internationally conducted research projects are often developed.

Discussions conducted on the Research Gate scientific portal can be an inspiration for the establishment and development of international research teams working on similar and the same research topics or conducting research on the same international research projects. International research teams can add value to the world of science related to internationalization and globalization of key research topics and projects. In addition, discussions on the Research Gate research portal can be an important factor in information globalization for specific, new and important topics in which research is conducted. Research Gate is a representative of new online media, thanks to which topics important for humanity and planet Earth can be developed internationally.

The questions asked at Research Gate differ from each other in many respects, but many, most questions relate to more or less current and important problems recognized and considered, scientifically analyzed. This is a very positive aspect of the Research Gate research portal. In this respect, the Research Gate portal stands out from other internet portals. The advantage of the Research Gate portal over other online media scientific portals, indexation databases of scientific publications and social media portals lies in the fact that the discussions and questions asked on the Research Gate portal represent a high substantive level, the applied scientific approach to the discussed problems and are often an inspiration for opening new , interesting research projects, including research projects conducted by international research teams.

Research shows that Internet users use social media portals in a variety of ways, including the time they spend on a given social media portal. How much time Internet users devote to individual portals is determined by many factors related to the preferences of citizens regarding the expected internet information services as well as the technical characteristics, editorial capabilities, etc. of individual social media portals. In recent years, the importance of individual social media portals will change, such as Facebook, Tweeter, LinkedIn, Instagram, etc. The amount of time spent by Internet users browsing the pages of individual social media portals changes, however, it is difficult to answer the question which of these social media portals is better because they are not completely incomparable.

Individual social media portals differ significantly in many issues, and above all in terms of the possibility of graphical insertion of posts, restrictions on the volume of text entered into posts and comments, and in the scope of specific additional functions important for users of these portals. For example, since mid-2018, there has been a decrease in Internet users' interest in such a social media portal as Facebook and a simultaneous increase in the use of such a portal as Instagram. This is probably related to the increase in sales and use by citizens of smartphones equipped with permanent internet access.

Another important issue in the context of these considerations is the possibility of combining existing profiles on various social media portals. The Research Gate research portal and, for example, the LinkedIn professional portal are completely different types of social media portals. These portals offer users other functions. In a situation when we want to combine our profiles on various social media portals, some portals allow it and some unfortunately do not. Account Research and LinkedIn are not able to link accounts. You can probably only copy links from one portal to another and vice versa. To publish your publications on LinkedIn, you can place a short description of the publication on your LinkedIn profile and attach the publication file. In addition, you can post links to your publications on Research Gate in your posts and messages on your LinkedIn profile.

In connection with the need to establish contacts in the world of science, the need to establish international research teams and conduct research in interdisciplinary and international scope, it is necessary for scientists and researchers to use websites specialized in science issues, also serving as social media portals and also fulfilling the functions of publication indexation databases scientific. Other scientific portals such as Academia.edu and Mendeley appear in discussions on the Research Gate portal. In connection with the above, I am asking you the following question: Does any of you have your profiles on all these scientific portals and carried out a comparative analysis? I regularly use the Research Gate portal, because this portal enables establishing contacts with researchers and scientists also operating in other countries. Are there any significant differences between the two science portals listed above?

Apparently, the functionality of both scientific portals is very similar. However, are there any significant differences in the scope of information services offered, searching for publications as well as researchers and scientists operating in specific science disciplines? Does anyone of you have your profiles on all these scientific portals and conducted a comparative analysis to answer the question: what are the key differences between these portals? Is it worth having your profiles on all these science portals or is it enough to use the Research Gate portal? In addition, do the research portals ResearchGate, Academia.edu and Mendeley do not have any important functions that appear in the standard offer of information services of popular social media portals such as Facebook, Tweeter, LinkedIn, Google+ etc.?

According to the above, in my opinion there may be other features and functions of social media portals that the Research Gate website does not have, and which should be added to this portal because they are useful and available on other websites. In this way, Research Gate could be improved to meet the needs of users, researchers and scientists.

In view of the above, I am asking you the following questions:

Please reply

I invite you to discussion

thank you very much

Best wishes

Dariusz Prokopowicz

Hi Franklin,

yes, with a 4-category variable, you would create 3 dummies, with one category representing the reference group and the others representing the comparison between a respective category and the references.

Please google how to create dummies. You will find tons of tutorials.

Best,

Holger

Allow me to share another view on WHY THE Log/ln.

Take a household of 2, a household of 4, a household of 8, I am skipping cases in-between.

Look at their housing. For 2, you're ok with a bathroom, for 4 it's already much better to have two bathrooms/toilets, for 8 maybe 3 bathrooms/toilets.

So you can see that the reasonable and comfortable shared resource is roughly varying as the Log of the household size.

Think of something else, still very practical, the rectangular dining-room table.

Let me get something from the internet from a search on

"dining table for 8":

Dimensions: (W) 180CM x (H) 78CM x (D) 90CM

Surface = 1.62 m2

"dining table for 4"

Dimensions: (W) 90CM x (H) 78CM x (D) 90CM

Surface = 0.81 m2

"dining table for 2"

Dimensions: (W) 75CM x (H) 76CM x (D) 75CM

Surface = 0.56 m2

call these example of values v2, v4, v8

v4/v2=1.45

v8/v4=2

Here you see that the surface of the table as function of the number of seated people is non-linear and concave, roughly logarithmic

Hence it makes also sense to have a Log scale on the household for a linear scale on table surface.

We could continue by looking at house or apartment surface, etc...

More generally, the reasonable sharing (in a family or household) and expected economies of scale show that resources maybe evolve linearly as function of the Log of the household (rather than as a linear function of the direct size of the household).

This might also hold somewhat for food consumption, if you assume on average that a household of 2 is two adults eating each one full size meal, whereas a household of 4 is more likely to have two children and two adults, and assuming that the duration of the childhood age (eating on average half size meal) is much more significant than the duration of adolescence (where they eat more than their parents, maybe?), you get again a reasonable Log approximation... Funny isn't it?

It even works for some aspects of individual consumption.

Now the water consumption, the electricity consumption, etc, do not seem to be easily modeled in Log of household size...

I hope that the above examples (not proofs, just illustrative cases which are likely or at least make sense) show why a log model might make sense.

Note that we have done economics without introducing any money or income. This is deeper and more basic.

Alan George Vellaiparambill For SPSS i would suggest you to prepare a small dataset and experiment the software while keeping the book handy. Now, before you start to experience it please explore the details of statistics involved in your field of research. It is all about comprehending the statistical details and computing methodologies.

Ana Luiza De Figueiredo Souza ---

Thank you for contributing. I am surprised to see your view that a student's choice of a major field of study is "political," a word that denotes "government " or civic action group, in contrast to "education," "field interest," "knowledge," or the like.

See the attached survey.

As per my level of understanding, their statistical knowledge should be able to cover up following concerns:

a) Apply the various statistical and qualitative tools used in business research.

b) Perform hypotheses testing, direct and indirect, using SPSS/PLS SEM.

c) Conduct the analysis and interpret the results correctly using appropriate software.

c) Critically review published research articles which made use of the techniques covered.

First of all, thank you for all your reflections. Personally, I am not interested in these 'rules-of-a-thumb' for specifying individual academic achievements/expectations (i.e., per researcher, and per year) as they often depend on a discipline, setting, funding, reaserch-time at work, etc.. Having noted that, I am more into the general/global scientific production across various disciplines (at some sort of 'meta' level). For instance, according to STM Report (2018, p.25) “There were about 33,100 active scholarly peer-reviewed English-language journals in 2018, collectively publishing some 3 million articles a year”. This is the type of information that I am looking for in these days.

Once again, thank you for your contributions.

All the best,

Lukasz

My advice to a student who would ask such a question is:

1. Find a question for which you really want to know the answer but you can't find an answer in the current literature.

2. Discuss with your advisor and similar individuals how doable they think finding this answer is. Go from there.

Best wishes, D. Booth

I would like to update my experience: AWFUL. I could not get a response for 6 months and I sent an email. The journal assistant contacted me 4 days later and told that they assigned reviweres: Huuuhhhh?!!!??*****??* The journal is SAGE Open

I am, I work with critical discourse analysis and environmental education, educational policy and training teacher

Yes, I tried that. But I cannot get Google Forms to create questions like multiple open single answers, in a 3 by 3 matrix where I may have 9 different text boxes arrange in three columns and three rows...

But, thanks for the suggestion! and your time!

Prof Jordan Peterson, who is also an active member of Researchgate.

I would agree with Haji Karim Khan that learning by doing is the best way to improve your research skills. I would also add that you should take any opportunity to get feedback on your research by, e.g. discuss your research data and preliminary findings with your peers. A good way to discuss data and receive feedback is participating in an interpretation group or peer intervision.

Yes bridging subject is Philosophy .

Dear Shamba Patrick Bakengela , a good theory predicts a certain causation between variables which holds. And most of the time you formulate that causation on the basis of understanding (study, thinking of observation). If you assume to much and you predict to little, your theory will fall apart. You have to have deep understanding of a phenomenon which can cause questions to be asked by scientists where again and again predictions can be tested positively and lead to other questions.

see also https://www.forbes.com/sites/startswithabang/2018/02/15/what-separates-a-good-scientific-theory-from-a-bad-one , even if this is not about social science, it is still about science and how to formulate a good theory.

I see the main problem in the fact that there are currently no really new theoretical approaches as they were numerous and typical for the second half of the 20th century. Some of them go back to the period after the First World War. In order to get sufficient knowledge about the present, one has to know this state of theory.

Seems interesting. Thanks for info. Let me have a look at those papers, and then after I will contact you again. Good!

Why are you interested in pointing the finger. It is just a force of nature. The only thing that matters is that we were able to spot it in time and are willing the correct it.

Our brain produces over 90000 thoughts in 24h, awake and in sleep.

An idea is a thought concept, which has longer temporary duration;

ideas are time-tested and time-resistent tools of human thinking.

In this sense, it is not only (no more) tied to the physical body of the 'creator or initiator', once in human circulation.

You are welcome and all the best in your research.

The participation of public bodies such as unions and chambers is useful because knowledgeable public parciptiation helps the government to let errors not occur and see and listen what failures are still in the legal text - some written ideas are then considered successful and others not but we in Germany have very good experiences in this way and participation in the legal/law creation process of the government/parliament. The first draft version goes to all required stakeholdend all answers are considered before this draft will be implemented as government proposal...

Thanks, i´m very grateful with all of you

Kindly go through the following RG links.