Social Cognitive Neuroscience - Science topic

Knowledge about one’s personality, the self-concept, shapes human experience. Social cognitive neuroscience has made strides addressing the question of where and how the self is represented in the brain. The answer, however, remains elusive. We conducted two functional magnetic resonance imaging experiments (with the second being preregistered) emp...

Emotional contagion, in particular of happiness, is essential to creating social bonds. The somatic marker hypothesis posits that embodied physiological changes associated with emotions and relayed to the brain by the autonomous nervous system influence behavior. Perceiving others’ positive emotions should thus be associated with activity in brain...

The construction industry is one of the most dangerous industries with grave situation owing to high accident rate and mortality rate, which accompanied with a series of security management issues that need to be tackled urgently. The unsafe behavior of construction workers is a critical reason for the high incidence of safety accidents. Affective...

In so-called ethorobotics and robot-supported social cognitive neurosciences, robots are used as scientific tools to study animal behavior and cognition. Building on previous epistemological analyses of biorobotics, in this article it is argued that these two research fields, widely differing from one another in the kinds of robots involved and in...

Nostalgia arises from tender and yearnful reflection on meaningful life events or important persons from one’s past. In the last two decades, the literature has documented a variety of ways in which nostalgia benefits psychological well-being. Only a handful of studies, however, have addressed the neural basis of the emotion. In this prospective re...

This article investigates the differences in cognitive and neural mechanisms between human-human and human-virtual agent interaction using a dataset recorded in an ecologically realistic environment. We use Convergent Cross Mapping (CCM) to investigate functional connectivity between pairs of regions involved in the framework of social cognitive ne...

Over the past 150 years of neuroscientific research, the field has undergone a tremendous evolution. Starting out with lesion-based inference of brain function, functional neuroimaging, introduced in the late 1980s, and increasingly fine-grained and sophisticated methods and analyses now allow us to study the live neural correlates of complex behav...

How do affect and cognition interact in managerial decision making? Over the last decades, scholars have investigated how managers make decisions. However, what remains largely unknown is the interplay of affective states and cognition during the decision-making process. We offer a systematization of the contributions produced on the role of affect...

This article provides a review of theory, concepts, and recent research concerning the role of social attention in the basic and clinical science of autism.

Ample research demonstrates that parents’ experience-based mental representations of attachment—cognitive models of close relationships—relate to their children’s social-emotional development. However, no research to date has examined how parents’ attachment representations relate to another crucial domain of children’s development: brain developme...

Interpreting findings in neuroscience by field experts and educators regarding educational processes and transferring them to a practical context is gaining importance. From this aspect, neuroleadership studies with the development of social cognitive neuroscience started to serve as a guide for making sense of educational leaders' behaviors at the...

Abtract While research in social and affective neuroscience has a long history, it is only in the last few decades that it has been truly established as an independent field of investigation. In the Australian region, despite having an even shorter history, this field of research is experiencing a dramatic rise. In this review, we present recent fi...

The association between neural oscillations and functional integration is widely recognized in the study of human cognition. Large-scale synchronization of neural activity has also been proposed as the neural basis of consciousness. Intriguingly, a growing number of studies in social cognitive neuroscience reveal that phase synchronization similarl...

From a neuropsychological perspective, impulsive aggression and its treatment are usually conceptualized in most research as a closed executive functioning system, as though the behavior was the product of the person’s cerebral functioning only. However, recent studies in social cognitive neuroscience have emphasized the influence of social factors...

One of the main challenges in social and cognitive research is relevant to our understanding of how to perceive and interact with others in the world around us. With the dramatic growth of emerging technologies in our societies, such as social robots, computer graphic generated avatars, and virtual reality devices, the complexity of this challenge...

La comprensión de los estados emocionales, de las actitudes, de la forma como hombres y mujeres percibimos, comprendemos al otro, de lo que nos motiva, nos moviliza a la acción, nos conecta con los seres humanos y con el mundo que nos rodea, está enmarcada en lo que se conoce en la actualidad como: Neurociencia Cognitiva Social. Esta es entendida c...

The chapter examines to what extent research from social cognitive neuroscience can inform ethical leadership. We evaluate the contribution of brain research to the understanding of ethical leaders as moral persons as well the understanding of their role as moral managers. The areas of social cognitive neuroscience that mirror these two aspects of...

Videogames often require players to control a n avatar in order to act on the virtual world. In many cases, such as in fighting games, the avatar ’s body often shares biological features with the player ’s body, such as a human-like figure and a highly detailed and realistic movement. Many studies in social cognitive neuroscience focus on how human...

khoa học thần kinh nhận thức, giáo dục, thần kinh học trong giáo dục. 1. Đặt vấn đề Khoa học thần kinh, bao gồm sự kết hợp của hai từ, "Thần kinh" (Nerve) và "Khoa học" (Science), là một ngành khoa học liên quan đến thần kinh học (Neurology), tâm lí học (Psychology) và sinh học (Biology) (Goswami, 2004). Khoa học thần kinh có nhiều nhánh như khoa h...

The chapter examines to what extent research from social cognitive neuroscience can inform ethical leadership. We evaluate the contribution of brain research to the understanding of ethical leaders as moral persons, as well the understanding of their role as moral managers. The areas of social cognitive neuroscience that mirror these two aspects of...

Multivariate pattern analysis and data‐driven approaches to understand how the human brain encodes sensory information and higher level conceptual knowledge have become increasingly dominant in visual and cognitive neuroscience; however, it is only in recent years that these methods have been applied to the domain of social information processing....

Social interactions arise from patterns of communicative signs, whose perception and interpretation require a multitude of cognitive functions. The semiotic framework of Peirce’s Universal Categories (UCs) laid ground for a novel cognitive-semiotic typology of social interactions. During functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), 16 volunteers w...

The past few decades have seen a rapid increase in the use of functional near‐infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) in cognitive neuroscience. This fast growth is due to the several advances that fNIRS offers over the other neuroimaging modalities such as functional magnetic resonance imaging and electroencephalography/magnetoencephalography. In particular...

Empathy is a basic socio-emotional process of human development that involves the ability to perceive, share, and understand the emotional states of others. This process is essential to successful social functioning. However, despite its significance, empathy has been difficult to define and measure, particularly when incorporating both its emotion...

El libro se propone caracterizar el reconocimiento de emociones básicas en niños y adolescentes y describir los perfiles distintivos en función del sexo, la edad y las oportunidades educativas. El reconocimiento de emociones básicas aporta información adicional para la interpretación de los mensajes y las acciones de los demás, desempeñando un pape...

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is recognized as a global public health concern, yet almost everything we know about ASD comes from high-income countries. Here we performed a scoping review of all research on ASD ever published in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) in order to identify ASD knowledge gaps in this part of the world. Fifty-three publications met...

El calificativo biosocial nos invita a fusionar todas las disciplinas que se ocupan de las personas, desde la zoología y la neurociencia hasta la antropología y la historiografía. El trabajo de los neurocientíficos es descubrir los sistemas y procesos neurales involucrados en el sentimiento, la planificación o el control de los procesos sociales, e...

Professor Glyn Humphreys was born 28 December 1954 and passed away 14 January 2016. Prof. Glyn Humphreys's early career was spent at the University of Bristol from where he was awarded his B.Sc. (1976) and Ph.D. (1980) in Psychology. At the early age of 24, Glyn was appointed to his first lectureship in the Department of Psychology in Birkbeck Col...

Contagion, Empathy and Theory of Mind (ToM) are important social cognitive mechanisms that develop gradually in human ontogeny, enabling humans to interact with other human beings in a complex manner. However, the development of cognitive mechanisms for early social interaction is still underexplored. Therefore, the aim of the current paper is to i...

Traditionally, auditory verbal hallucinations have been studied as an individualistic phenomena because they occur from within a single individual although they are experienced as a social phemenon, say, a hearer and a speaker interacting in a communicative exchange. This is what Vaughan Bell calls an “interesting paradox”. Despite the omission in...

En las últimas décadas ha crecido el estudio los mecanismos involucrados en el comportamiento social, gran parte de estas indagaciones se han realizado desde una aproximación de la neurociencia social cognitiva, la cual se basa en un modelo representacional del procesamiento de información. No obstante, esta aproximación ha sido ampliamente critica...

Dual-process theories seek to explain the observation that mental processes vary in the degree to which they are consciously controllable. Although the resulting distinction between automatic processing and controlled processing has been influential in social psychology, its application to social cognitive neuroscience research has been limited. He...

Executive function (EF)-the top-down, conscious control of thought, action, and emotion-has been found to be highly predictive of healthy adaptation in adolescence, when many individuals assume increased responsibility for setting and managing the pursuit of their personal goals. We use a developmental social cognitive neuroscience perspective to d...

Many situations in daily life require competing with others for the same goal. In this case, the joy of winning is tied to the fact that the rival suffers. In this fMRI study participants played a competitive game against another player, in which every trial had opposite consequences for the two players (i.e., if one player won, the other lost, or...

Purpose – Job engagement has attracted much attention recently. However, very little research distinguishes between how the context may affect different engagement dimensions differently. Based on a theory of resource exhaustion, the purpose of this paper is to focus on a cognitively demanding work context in order to explore variations in effect o...

In order to scientifically study the human brain’s response to face-to-face social interaction, the scientific method itself needs to be reconsidered so that both quantitative observation and symbolic reasoning can be adapted to the situation where the observer is also observed. In light of the recent development of dyadic fMRI which can directly o...

Although kindness-based contemplative practices are increasingly employed by clinicians and cognitive researchers to enhance prosocial emotions, social cognitive skills, and well-being, and as a tool to understand the basic workings of the social mind, we lack a coherent theoretical model with which to test the mechanisms by which kindness-based me...

On March 15-16, 2014, Beyond Conflict (formerly the Project on Justice in Times of Transition), in partnership with MIT’s SaxeLab for Social Cognitive Neuroscience and MIT’s Political Science Department, organized a two-day event entitled Norms, Narratives and Neurons as part of its Neuroscience and Social Conflict Initiative. The Neuroscience and...

In this paper we propose a way in which cognitive neuroscience could provide new insights on three aspects of social cognition: intersubjectivity, the human self, and language. We emphasize the crucial role of the body, conceived as the con-stitutive source of pre-reflective consciousness of the self and of the other. We provide a critical view of...

This paper represents an exploration of the educational value of dialogue as a teaching strategy in contemporary classrooms in light of recent evidences grounded in knowledge produced by social and cognitive neuroscience research. The relevant literature suggests that dialogue is a unique feature of humans and no other animal is able to dialogue as...

El reconocimiento de emociones básicas faciales, contribuye en la interpretación de men-sajes y acciones de los demás, siendo central en la regulación de la conducta social como componente de la interacción interpersonal; hecho que ha convertido su estudio en una de las líneas de investigación más fructíferas dentro de la Neurociencia Cognitiva Soc...

Resumen: El presente trabajo constituye una revisión teórica cuyo objetivo consistió en describir la influencia de la oxitocina en el estrés y en la cognición social de seres humanos. Se procedió mediante una búsqueda en las bases de datos Medline, Pubmed y Wiley Online Library. Se concluyó que mediante su acción a nivel del sistema nervioso centra...

High-functioning autism (HFA) is a neurodevelopmental disorder, which is characterized by life-long socio-communicative impairments on the one hand and preserved verbal and general learning and memory abilities on the other. One of the areas where particular difficulties are observable is the understanding of non-verbal communication cues. Thus, in...

Organizational neuroscience continues to flourish in organizational behavior and management studies as indicated by the growing number of publications. However, with a few exceptions, substantive critiques of organizational neuroscience are conspicuous by their absence. In this point–counterpoint article, we aim to redress this imbalance. We do so...

Social cognitive neuroscience (SCN) seeks to understand the brain mechanisms through which we comprehend others' emotions and intentions in order to react accordingly. For decades, SCN has explored relevant domains by exposing individual participants to predesigned stimuli and asking them to judge their social (e.g., emotional) content. Subjects ar...

The ultimatum bargaining game (UBG), a widely used method in experimental economics, clearly demonstrates that motives other than pure monetary reward play a role in human economic decision making. In this study, we explore the behaviour and physiological reactions of both responders and proposers in an ultimatum bargaining game using heart rate va...

Neuroimaging (NI) technologies are having increasing impact in the study of complex cognitive and social processes. In this emerging field of social cognitive neuroscience, a central goal should be to increase the understanding of the interaction between the neurobiology of the individual and the environment in which humans develop and function. Th...

Stimulated by the growing use of brain imaging and related neurophysiological techniques in psychology and economics, scholars have begun to debate the implications of neuroscience for management and organization studies (MOS). Currently, this debate is polarizing scholarly opinion. At one extreme, advocates are calling for a new neuroscience of or...

By offering an alternative to behavioral research methods, neuroscience has transformed cognitive psychology, social psychology, behavioral economics, and other disciplines from which entrepreneurial cognition research regularly draws for theoretical insight. In this chapter we examine the potential of neuroscience methods, particularly from cognit...

By offering an alternative to behavioral research methods, neuroscience has transformed cognitive psychology, social psychology, behavioral economics and other disciplines from which entrepreneurial cognition research regularly draws for theoretical insight. In this chapter we examine the potential of neuroscience methods, particularly from cogniti...

A leading question in developmental social-cognitive neuroscience concerns the nature and function of neural links between action perception and production in early human development. Here we document a somatotopic pattern of activity of the sensorimotor EEG mu rhythm in 14-month-old infants. EEG was recorded during interactive trials in which infa...

Recent evidence for the fractionation of the default mode network (DMN) into functionally distinguishable subdivisions with unique patterns of connectivity calls for a reconceptualization of the relationship between this network and self-referential processing. Advances in resting-state functional connectivity analyses are beginning to reveal incre...

Power dynamics are a ubiquitous feature of human social life, yet little is known about how power is implemented in the brain. Motor resonance is the activation of similar brain networks when acting and when watching someone else act, and is thought to be implemented, in part, by the human mirror system. We investigated the effects of power on moto...

The question of how we can voluntarily control our behaviour dates back to the beginnings of scientific psy- chology. Currently, there are two empirical research disciplines tackling human volition: cognitive neuroscience and social psychology. to date, there is little interaction between the two disciplines in terms of the investigation of human v...

Following the relational turn in psychoanalytic theorizing, the systems metaphor has increasingly become a part of the therapeutic vocabulary. This has led to a view of therapy as an ongoing process in which the mutual interplay between the analyst and the patient cocreates a systemic higher level dimension that is based on bidirectional and jointl...

This title provides a firm grounding in the theory and research of normal social cognition, builds on this base to describe how social cognition appears to be dysfunctional in schizophrenia, and explains how this dysfunction might be ameliorated. Composed of contributed chapters written by the top experts in the field, the volume is divided into th...

Perception of self and others mental states has been attracted vast attentions in social cognitive neuroscience area. The purpose of present study is to compare the ability of perceiving self, others mental states and mindfulness. “Reading the Mind form Eyes” Test with self and others eyes and Mindfull Attention Scale (MMAS) are used for evaluating...

A growing consensus in social cognitive neuroscience holds that large portions of the primate visual brain are dedicated to the processing of social information, i.e., to those aspects of stimuli that are usually encountered in social interactions such as others' facial expressions, actions, and symbols. Yet, studies of social perception have mostl...

The success of marketing lies in creation of an impression in the minds of the customers thereby fostering brand recall and further purchase intention. The challenge, however, is to hit the right "buy button" of the brain to deliver what the customer exactly requires. The functioning of the human brain has been the central focus of psychology and n...

Imitation is a fundamentally important human capability and has been the topic of considerable research in the behavioural sciences. One paradigm for investigating the basic nature of imitation is the "automatic imitation" paradigm. In this paradigm, participants are symbolically cued to make a particular response, whilst being incidentally exposed...

To understand the relationship between emotion and memory, we need to understand 2 kinds of constructive processes and their interaction: (1) how we determine what is emotionally significant; (2) how we encode, store, and retrieve information; (3) how the former guides the latter. Encoding and retrieval of explicit memory for specific emotional, an...

Traditional theory of mind (ToM) accounts for social cognition have been at the basis of most studies in the social cognitive neurosciences. However, in recent years, the need to go beyond traditional ToM accounts for understanding real life social interactions has become all the more pressing. At the same time it remains unclear whether alternativ...

One central issue in social cognitive neuroscience is that perceiving emotions in others relates to activating the same emotion in oneself. In this study we sought to examine how the ability to perceive own emotions assessed with the Toronto Alexithymia Scale related to both the ability to perceive emotions depicted in point-light displays and the...

Heightened moral sensitivity seems to characterize patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). Recent advances in social cognitive neuroscience suggest that a compelling relationship may exist between this disorder-relevant processing bias and the functional activity of brain regions implicated in OCD. To test the hypothesis that patients wi...

The present study investigated brain activity during eye contact using functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS). Although eye contact is important for smooth and effective social communication, little is known about its neural correlates. In the present experiment, subjects observed an experimenter sitting in front of them, occasionally making...

Social cognitive neuroscience is a recent interdisciplinary field that studies the neural basis of the social mind. Event-related potentials (ERPs) provide precise information about the time dynamics of the brain. In this study, we assess the role of ERPs in cognitive neuroscience, particularly in the emerging area of social neuroscience. First, we...

Early childhood is marked by substantial development in the self‐regulatory skills supporting school readiness and socioemotional competence. Evidence from developmental social cognitive neuroscience suggests that these skills develop as a function of changes in a dynamic interaction between more top‐down (controlled) regulatory processes and more...

In the following article we present a view that social cognition and social neuroscience, as shaped by the current research paradigms, are not sufficient to improve our understanding of psychopathological phenomena. We hold that the self, self-awareness, and inter-subjectivity are integral to social perception and actions. In addition, we emphasize...

This article reviews concepts of, as well as neurocognitive and genetic studies on, empathy. Whereas cognitive empathy can be equated with affective theory of mind, that is, with mentalizing the emotions of others, affective empathy is about sharing emotions with others. The neural circuits underlying different forms of empathy do overlap but also...

Robotic devices, thanks to the controlled variations in their appearance and behaviors, provide useful tools to test hypotheses pertaining to social interactions. These agents were used to investigate one theoretical framework, resonance, which is defined, at the behavioral and neural levels, as an overlap between first- and third- person represent...

Semantic knowledge refers to the information that people have about categories of objects and living things. Social psychologists have long debated whether the information that perceivers have about categories of people—i.e. stereotypes—may be a unique form of semantics. Here, we examine this question against well-established findings regarding the...

This chapter develops an integrative cognitive neuroscience framework for understanding the social functions of the lateral prefrontal cortex (PFC), reviewing recent theoretical insights from evolutionary psychology and emerging neuroscience evidence to support the importance of this region for orchestrating social behavior on the basis of evolutio...

This study used functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to identify differences in the neural processes underlying direct and semidirect interviews. We examined brain activation patterns while 20 native speakers of Japanese participated in direct and semidirect interviews in both Japanese (first language [L1]) and English (second language [L2]...

Recent advances in the field of neuroscience can significantly add to our understanding of leadership and its development. Specifically, we are interested in what neuroscience can tell us about inspirational leadership. Based on our findings, we discuss how future research in leadership can be combined with neuroscience, as well as potential neurof...

Received July 3 rd , 2011; revised August 13 rd 2011; accepted September21 st , 2011. As a direct part of these disciplines which focuses on human's soul and mind, psychology has a history of more than one hundred years. However, there are still many people who have lots of doubts for psychology, especially on the division and integration of psycho...

The purpose of this article is to briefly review the most influential existing literature on conceptualizing and measuring empathy. In addition, we consider a second, highly salient body of literature emerging from the relatively new field of social cognitive neuroscience, which uses brain imaging to help identify the physiological components of em...

"Artificial humans", so-called "Embodied Conversational Agents" and humanoid robots, are assumed to facilitate human-technology interaction referring to the unique human capacities of interpersonal communication and social information processing. While early research and development in artificial intelligence (AI) focused on processing and producti...