Social Cognition - Science topic

This three part paper explores how the approaches of cybernetics (a field investigating how complex systems- brains, individuals, societies and machines navigate their realities) have influenced education and psychology over time. The first part recounts the establishment of first-order cybernetics, and the emergence of an observer driven approach...

In discussions of the Neandertal extinction, morphological differences in brain shape and brain regions between Homo sapiens and Neandertals are often ignored or dismissed as inconsequential, despite the fact that skull shape is diagnostic of the species to which a specimen belongs. The purpose of the present chapter is to discuss the potential cog...

Aims: At present, there is no consensus on a uniform operationalization of social cognition measures for the diagnosis of neurocognitive disorders (NCDs) in memory clinics. To overcome this limitation, the international consortium "clinical use of SocIal coGNnition measures for the AssessmenT of neURocognitivE disorders'' (SIGNATURE) has been estab...

Understanding others’ thoughts and feelings is a social-cognitive capacity known as the theory of mind (ToM). Previous studies have attempted to explore children’s ToM from a specific domain (personal or moral) while lacking comprehensive evidence across domains. Based on the social domain theory, the present study is the first in our knowledge to...

Pancasila as a state ideology needs to continue to be actualized. One way to actualize it is to make the village one of the practical spaces. Villages are also an implication for the space for indigenous knowledge to occur. the two pancasila villages used as research objects are Balun village and Nogosari hamlet. Both of them have their own charact...

This systematic review aimed to investigate the impact of different psychological models, strategies, and methods to improve plaque control and/or gingival inflammation in patients with periodontal diseases. Methods: The PubMed/MEDLINE, Cochrane Library, and Embase online databases were explored to identify relevant studies published before October...

The right temporoparietal junction (rTPJ) is a core hub in neural networks associated with reorienting of attention and social cognition. However, it remains unknown whether participants can learn to actively modulate their rTPJ activity via neurofeedback. Here, we explored the feasibility of functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS)-based neur...

For a long time, examining the subtle and unintended effects of people's social environments on their thoughts and behaviors has been a central goal of social psychology researchers. Advances in social psychology have proven the importance of studying not only the conscious mechanisms of humans but also the "implicit" and "automatic" ones. Research...

This study compared cognitive domains between deficit schizophrenia (DS) and non-deficit schizophrenia (NDS) patients and healthy controls (HC), analyzing relationships between psychopathological dimensions and cognitive domains. A total of 29 DS patients, 45 NDS patients, and 39 HC subjects participated. Cognitive domains were measured using the M...

Characterisation of the clinical profile of behavioural-variant frontotemporal dementia (bvFTD) has predominantly been based on Western samples. Some small studies have suggested that the clinical profile may differ in culturally and linguistically diverse populations. Additionally, there is evidence that patients from non-English speaking backgrou...

Entrepreneurial orientation is the key factor for enterprises to obtain competitive advantages in dynamic circumstances. Thus, prior studies established the effect of psychological factors, for instance, entrepreneurial self-efficacy on entrepreneurial orientation using social cognitive theory. However, prior studies presented two main opposite vie...

Background: Little is known about the effectiveness and implementation of psychosocial interventions for psychosis in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). In South Asia, specialist psychiatric resources are scarce. Support for psychosis often falls on the family or caregiver which can increase feelings of burden, impact caregivers’ wellbeing,...

Background Theory of mind (ToM) refers to the ability to understand others’ states of mind, desires, emotions, beliefs, and intentions to predict the content of their mental representations. Two major dimensions within ToM have been studied. The first is the type of inferred mental state, which can be cognitive or affective. The second comprises th...

Resumen Las Funciones Ejecutivas (fe) y la Cognición Social (cs) se han vinculado con las redes cerebrales que integran componentes cognitivos relacionados con el control conductual, emocional y del pensamiento, entre otros, implicando su participación en procesos como el aprendizaje dentro del aula. Se ha mostrado evidencia de la relación que hay...

This study aims at investigating the language learning strategies used among afghan Post Graduate Students at Universiti Teknologi Malaysia UTM when reading academic texts. Oxford's (1990) strategy inventory language learning questionnaire has been used to collect the data. The respondents of the study are thirty Afghan Post Graduate Students from...

As a fundamental technique in natural language processing (NLP), word embedding quantifies a word as a low-dimensional, dense, and continuous numeric vector (i.e., word vector). Word embeddings can be obtained by using machine learning algorithms such as neural networks to predict the surrounding words given a word or vice versa (Word2Vec and FastT...

The COVID-19 outbreak has had serious impact on remote education and service-learning implementation in Taiwan. To alleviate these impacts, the Digital Learning Companion, an online tutoring project, was proposed to bridge the digital divide and learning gap among remote children, while offering university students an online service-learning enviro...

Huntington ́s disease is an inherited neurodegenerative disease presenting with various motor, cognitive and behavioral disturbances. Among neuropsychiatric problems in Huntington ́s disease, social cognition deficits are very poorly reported in our literature. Patients with Huntington ́s disease have troubles with recognition of negative and also...

The concept of learning does not only look at the existing rational-empiriric-quantitative in contemporary learning theories. Studying in Islam also suppresses the normative-qualitative nature of the primary tendency to the Quran and Hadith developed by Muslim intellectuals based on centuries of proven effectiveness. Not all existing learning conce...

The human faculty to speak has evolved, so has been argued, for communicating with others and for engaging in social interactions. Hence the human cognitive system should be equipped to address the demands that social interaction places on the language production system. These demands include the need to coordinate speaking with listening, the need...

Many epidemiological works show that human behaviours play a fundamental role in the spread of infectious diseases. However, we still do not know much about how people modify their Health Protective Behaviours (HPB), such as hygiene or social distancing measures, over time in response to the health threat during an epidemic. In this study, we exami...

Fear and anxiety differ in construal level and scope The fear-anxiety distinction has been extensively discussed and debated among emotion researchers. In this study, we tested this distinction from a social-cognitive perspective. Drawing on construal level theory and regulatory scope theory, we examined whether fear and anxiety differ in their und...

The onset of the global pandemic has become a radical turn of brick-and-mortar schooling to online distance learning. In this respect, continuous dialogue, and evaluation around the issue of online learning should be nurtured, particularly from actual pedagogical practices. Drawing on a digital autoethnographic account of the author, this article e...

Autism was formally recognized by the medical community in the first half of the twentieth century. Almost 100 years later, a small but growing literature has reported sex differences in the behavioral expression of autism. Recent research has also begun to explore the internal experiences of individuals with autism, including social and emotional...

Purpose A poor appetite affects up to 27% of community-dwelling older adults in Europe and is an early predictor of malnutrition. Little is known about the factors associated with poor appetite. The present study, therefore, aims to characterise older adults with poor appetite. Methods As part of the European JPI project APPETITE, data from 850 pa...

Rationale Alcohol effects on social cognition have been studied by measuring facial emotion recognition, empathy, Theory of Mind (ToM) and other forms of information processing. Objectives Using the PRISMA guidelines, we reviewed experimental studies that examined effects of alcohol on social cognition. Methods Scopus, PsycInfo, PubMed, and Embas...

This paper focuses on the impact of social cognition on thes processing of linguistic information. More specifically, it brings some insights to Relevance theory's construal of MeaningNN, which seeks to account for non-propositional meanings. It shows, through two experiments, how gender and nationality-related stereotypes guide the processing of d...

Transitive inference (TI) refers to social cognition that facilitates the discernment of unknown relationships between individuals using known relationships. It is extensively reported that TI evolves in animals living in a large group because TI could assess relative rank without deducing all dyadic relationships, which averts costly fights. The r...

This article purports to outline critical educational perspectives, implicated in discursive and ideological life, as important foundations to expand decolonial Southern social/cognitive justice and affection. It also presents and discusses some findings of an ongoing research project with a similar theme in always already dilemmatic times. The res...

This study aims at investigating the language learning strategies used among afghan Post Graduate Students at Universiti Teknologi Malaysia UTM when reading academic texts. Oxford's (1990) strategy inventory language learning questionnaire has been used to collect the data. The respondents of the study are thirty Afghan Post Graduate Students from...

Language and social cognition come together in communication, but their relation has been intensely contested. Here, I argue that these two distinctively human abilities are connected in a positive feedback loop, whereby the development of one cognitive skill boosts the development of the other. More specifically, I hypothesize that language and so...

Social cognitive impairment is a core limiting factor of functional recovery among persons with first episode psychosis (FEP). Social Cognition and Interaction Training (SCIT) is a group-based, manualized training with demonstrated evidence in improving social cognitive performance among people with schizophrenia. However, there are few studies on...

Higher education institutions today are expected to not only equip students with the skills and qualifications required to succeed professionally but also to prepare them to develop active learning strategies, build successful interpersonal relations-both at local and global levels-and be active citizens who are able to handle change and uncertaint...

The purpose of this research is to empirically analyze how regional specialization influence innovation in enterprises, as well as the mediation effect of absorptive capacity and cognitive social capital, as knowledge diffusion mechanisms. A questionnaire was developed and distributed, obtaining a sample of 197 energy firms in Spain. For the assess...

IntroductionThis systematic review aimed to answer whether we can predict subsequent social functioning in first episode psychosis (FEP) by means of an initial cognitive examination. In order to do this, we gathered longitudinal studies which evaluated neurocognition and/or social cognition regarding their impact on long-term social functioning of...

Introduction: Online health information seeking has been verified to play a crucial role in improving public health and has received close scholarly attention. However, the seeking behavior of older adults, especially the underlying mechanism through which they are motivated to seek health information online, remains unclear. This study addresses...

The purpose of this study is to understand the relationship between social capital and the performance of Farmers' Cooperatives (Cooperatives) and explore the internal mechanism of social capital affecting the performance of Cooperatives. This work selects two dimensions: cognitive social capital (CSC) and structural social capital (SSC), as indexe...

Throughout the COVID-19 pandemic, attention has been drawn to conspiracy theories. To date, research has largely examined commonalities in conspiracy theory belief, however it is important to identify where there may be notable differences. The aim of the present research was first to distinguish between typologies of COVID-19 conspiracy belief and...

Background: Social cognition deficits are reported in several neurodegenerative diseases, including Parkinson's disease (PD). However, the availability of tasks for the clinical assessment is still limited, preventing the full characterization of socio-cognitive dysfunctions in neurological patients. This study aims to present a new task to assess...

Background Amyloid deposition is a primary predictor of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and related neurodegenerative disorders. Retinal changes involving the structure and function of the ganglion cell layer are increasingly documented in both established and prodromal AD. Visual event-related potentials (vERP) are sensitive to dysfunction in the magno-...

The methods of criminal thinking increased after 2003, and criminals used methods that required great efforts to discover their crimes, and the number of crimes increased in all governorates of Iraq for psychological, political, economic, social, and cultural reasons, which resulted in weakness in thinking, and depended on the illusion of acquittal...

Background: The purpose of this study was to test Multi-Process Action Control (M-PAC) processes as correlates of physical activity (PA) intention formation and translation (i.e., action control) in individuals diagnosed with cancer. Methods: This study was a cross-sectional survey, completed from July to November of 2020 during the COVID-19 pan...

Purpose This paper aims to investigate the motivational drivers for knowledge sharing (KS) through the application of mobile social networking (MSN) and their influence on employee productivity in the Malaysian construction industry. Design/methodology/approach The data was collected by distributing a self-administered questionnaire among employee...

Encouraging students to pursue STEM professions is one of the top priority strategies of many nations worldwide. Accordingly, enhancing students’ interest in STEM fields is considered a potential solution that can affect their intention to choose a STEM career. To perform this solution, assessment activities in high schools need to discover the fac...

The social gradient in adolescent mental health is well established: adolescents' socioeconomic status is negatively associated with their mental health. However, despite changes in social cognition during adolescence, little is known about whether social cognitions mediate this gradient. Therefore, this study tested this proposed mediational path...

The interplay between space and cognition is a crucial issue in Neuroscience leading to the development of multiple research fields. However, the relationship between architectural space, the movement of the inhabitants and their interactions has been too often neglected, failing to provide a unifying view of architecture's capacity to modulate soc...

La idea principal sobre el Modelo de Cognición Social es que se enfoca en cómo las percepciones, creencias y expectativas de los estudiantes afectan su aprendizaje.

Children's early temperamental characteristics have a pervasive impact on the development of socioemotional functioning. Through socialization and social interaction processes, cultural beliefs and values play a role in shaping the meanings of socioemotional characteristics and in determining their developmental patterns and outcomes. This Element...

There is a growing interest in undergraduate studies for entrepreneurial programs, resources, and experiential opportunities. Post-graduation goals now include starting and expanding budding businesses. An intersection exists between entrepreneurial curriculum and metacognitive skill development. There is a growing body of knowledge that examine...

Research on joint action has demonstrated that individuals are sensitive to a coactor’s attentional relation to jointly attend stimuli. It has also been suggested that some features are necessary to resolve the discrimination problem (i.e., self-own and other-own actions). In the present study, we aimed to test whether the gender composition of int...

The aim of this research is to help inspect the motion of cell life by applying electrical engineering scientific techniques to the cellular evolution of human neural networks. Using a mathematically rigorous theory of cellular biological progression, the hypothesis will demonstrate that cell life evolves toward increasing the organism's resonant e...

Social navigation is a dynamic and complex process that requires the collaboration of multiple brain regions. However, the neural networks for navigation in a social space remain largely unknown. This study aimed to investigate the role of hippocampal circuit in social navigation from a resting-state fMRI data. Here, resting-state fMRI data were ac...

: This article aims to approach developments in the field of classification and diagnosis of addictive disorders according to approved international classifications, as well as their interpretation and understanding considering clinical applications of the Bio-Psycho-Social Model, that allows a multi-dimensional understanding and gives a detailed d...

After a period of space-centred description of demonstratives, recent research has highlighted the role of attention, psychological proximity and shared knowledge in determining deictic choice. While convincing evidence has been presented that mental states may define deictic reference (e.g. in Turkish, Jahai or Kogi), there is also neuroscientific...

An Hochschulen für angewandte Wissenschaften (HAW) existieren besondere Vorgaben für die Berufung als HAW-Professor:in. In Anbetracht der Schwierigkeit, diese Berufungsvoraussetzungen zu erfüllen, rückt die Forschung über die Karrierewege in eine HAW-Professur in den Vordergrund. Die Hochschulforschung hat schon seit einigen Jahren die akademischen...

Goals constitute an important construct in developmental psychology. They represent a central way in which individuals shape their development. Here, we present two studies on age-related differences in one important goal dimension, goal focus, that is, the relative salience of the means and ends of goal pursuit. Extant studies on age-related diffe...

Research and personal experience affirm that watching a movie can change the way someone lives their life. Documentary storytelling is a multidimensional change agent, a digital media artifact that is rooted in real communities, real lives, and real stories. Because documentary is rooted in the human social world, watching it is a cognitively, psyc...

Within the field of memory research, studies on destination memory (e.g., the ability to remember to whom information was previously told) show how it is closely associated with social cognition. The present review thus summarizes the literature on destination memory and demonstrates how it involves social interaction. It offers a comprehensive pic...

Este artigo está baseado nos estudos de cognição social sobre o tema fatores que propiciam o cometimento do ato infracional por adolescentes em regime de privação de liberdade. O tema estabeleceu a seguinte questão norteadora: quais os possíveis fatores que favorecem o cometimento de ato infracional? Os autores interessam-se pelo tema, pois ao long...

Gaze following is a core social-cognitive capacity that is associated with an age related reduction in magnitude. Prior studies of age effects on gaze following have exclusively used stimuli with low ecological validity which gives rise to an alternative explanation for the age effects. Motivational models of aging suggest that because older adults...

Background: Empty-nest youth are among the most vulnerable populations in society and they are prone to social isolation. Social isolation has a significant impact on empty-nest youth themselves and the society. Through an in-depth understanding of the main factors of social isolation among empty-nest youth in East China, this study aim to address...

Sensory processing, along with the integration of external inputs into stable representations of the environment, is integral to social cognitive functioning; challenges in these processes have been reported in Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) since the earliest descriptions of autism. Recently, neuroplasticity-based targeted cognitive training (TCT)...

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) are two highly prevalent and commonly co-occurring neurodevelopmental disorders. The neural mechanisms underpinning the comorbidity of ASD and ADHD (ASD + ADHD) remain unclear. We focused on the topological organization and functional connectivity of brain networks i...

Cognition and social cognition anomalies in patients with bipolar disorder (BD) and schizophrenia (SCZ) have been largely documented, but the degree of overlap between the two disorders remains unclear in this regard. We used machine learning to generate and combine two classifiers based on cognitive and socio-cognitive variables, thus delivering u...

Introducción. La metacognición comprende tanto la cualidad de ser consciente de los propios procesos mentales como la de regularlos. Seguidamente se abordarán algunas interacciones entre las capacidades metacognitivas y de mentalización, sus presuntas bases neuroanatómicas, así como sus correlatos psico-neuro-patológicos. Material y método. Sin pre...

Background Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by impaired social and communication skills, narrow interests, and repetitive behavior. It is known that the cerebellum plays a vital role in controlling movement and gait posture. However, recently, researchers have reported that the cerebellum may also be res...

Purpose This manuscript aims to compare and contrast acceptability and perceived benefits of yoga-skills training (YST) and an empathic listening attention control (AC) in the Pro-You study, a randomized pilot trial of YST vs. AC for adults receiving chemotherapy infusions for gastrointestinal cancer. Methods Participants were invited for a one-on...

Negative schemas lie at the core of many common and debilitating mental disorders. Thus, intervention scientists and clinicians have long recognized the importance of designing effective interventions that target schema change. Here, we suggest that the optimal development and administration of such interventions can benefit from a framework outlin...

Social visual behavior, as a type of non-verbal communication, plays a central role in studying social cognitive processes in interactive and complex settings of autism therapy interventions. However, for social visual behavior analytics in children with autism, it is challenging to collect gaze data manually and evaluate them because it costs a lo...

I examine the influence of one literary text upon another by the open-source programming methodology of information science. In particular, I look at how the “Calamus” sequence as rendered in the 1867 Leaves of Grass may be understood to be topically present, although most of the sequence was removed and regrouped by William Michael Rossetti toward...

Western thought has a clear impact on Arab and Islamic arena. Western ideas, philosophies, and visions have an impact on the world today. Therefore, this research addresses and identifies the concept of postmodernism, and its most prominent characteristics that distinguished this philosophy, as well as the most prominent foundations that resulted f...

La didactique des langues-cultures et la didactique de la traduction abordent le sujet de la traduction de manière différente. Cependant, en situant les compétences de compréhension et de traduction à travers un aperçu historique et comparatif de leur évolution au sein de la didactique des langues-cultures ainsi que dans les tests de certification...

Several studies have supported the association between maternal immune activation (MIA) caused by exposure to pathogens or inflammation during critical periods of gestation and an increased susceptibility to the development of various psychiatric and neurological disorders, including autism and other neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs), in the offs...

Teacher development of cognitive, social, and emotional competencies has attracted the attention of researchers. This paper focuses on an approach for the social and emotional learning of teachers, as well as students, that originated in China and has been developed by Professor Liwen Ma of Beijing Normal University, known as Integral Drama Based P...

Objective: This article reports the first science mapping analysis of the emotional intelligence research’s themes, which shows its conceptual structure and scientific evolution. Methods: Science Mapping Analysis Software Tool, a bibliometric science mapping tool based on co-word analysis was applied using a sample of 8.884 research documents publ...

Viewing an averted gaze can elicit saccades towards the corresponding location. Here, the automaticity of this gaze-following behaviour phenomenon was further tested by exploring whether such an effect can be detected in response to briefly-presented masked averted gazes. Participants completed an oculomotor interference task consisting of making l...