Science topic

Skin Aging - Science topic

Skin Aging is the process of aging due to changes in the structure and elasticity of the skin over time. It may be a part of physiological aging or it may be due to the effects of ultraviolet radiation, usually through exposure to sunlight.
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"In the laboratory, exosomes have been effectively used to delay the onset of skin aging. They do this by encouraging the development of fibroblast cells, which are crucial to maintaining skin elasticity and strength" ( https://colgrove.com/exosomes-for-anti-aging-skin-rejuvenation/ ).
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This problem may be not correct. Aging often starts from peripheral tissue and microcirculation, and aging often starts from young age.
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We want to calculate the topical dose of a peptide drug which isn't used on wounded skin before but we have the systemic i.p dose
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For a new molecule, it is interesting to see first, a mathematical modeling for example with the equation of Pott and Guy (there are others but which do not provide more information) All the mathematical models are absolutely false, but they first allow us to verify whether the molecule has the potential to cross the skin barrier or if it is very limited. If your drug has a log P between 1 and 4 and a MW of less than 500, the amount absorbed may be sufficient. A peptide of high molecular weight will not cross the skin barrier, or so weakly that it will be of no benefit. You already have an idea if the molecule will be able to cross the barrier (the melting point, if it is a salified form, the formulation are other factors to take into consideration) If your molecule has a potential absorption, you can test in 2nd on "franz cells" human or porcine skin, otherwise it is a waste of time.
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I would like to know other plants different from the already commercially known, and establish if the major phytochemical content is related to their activity
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Acacia concinna, Azadirachta indica, Centella asiatica, Citrus limon, Cucumis sativus, Curcuma longa, Eclipta alba, Lawsonia inermis, Ocimum tenuiflorum and Phyllanthus emblica are some of the plants used traditionally for cosmetic purposes in India.
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There are published reports that oral collagen supplements in the form of collagen hydrolysate, collagen tripeptide or collagen dipeptide improves the quality of skin and gives anti-aging property. How does it work? How is it metabolized in the body? When supplement is given is there any down regulation of collagen synthesis by fibroblasts?
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I would question whether those "reports" refer to appropriately designed studies, using techniques like randomization and placebo control, and whether the sponsors have any financial interests in the outcome. I'm not aware of any that meet these seemingly rather basic criteria. Have any links?
Like most peptides, oral collagen would be partially digested by enzymes like intestinal elastase, and taken up as a "hydrolysate" or as individual amino acids, which are then either absorbed into the body's protein synthesis or broken down for energy. If provided as hydrolysate (pre-digested) it should be taken up more or less as it is, perhaps with minor additional hydrolysis.
In theory it seems difficult to see where your amino acids come from. You could get them from oral collagen. Or you could get them from eating steak and lentils. The only thing special I could see regarding collagen hydrolysate is that it would provide them in the exact correct ratios to make more collagen. Its amino acid composition is quite special, consisting mainly of Gly, Pro, and some Lys. So if you're generally low on amino acid reserves, and your body wants to make collagen, I could see that supplementing these specifically in the form of collagen hydrolysate could, under special enough circumstances, in theory, help it out.
But is collagen even the right thing to aim for? I would associate collagen production with fibrosis, more so than with youthful "elastic" skin quality. As far as I'm aware, the elastic qualities of young skin would be associated with the aptly named elastin more so than with collagen, no?
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Wrinkling of skin happened due to multiple factors including ageing, genetic bases, sunlight exposure, eating behavior etc. we can control these factors by applying anti age creams available in the market which slow down the wrinkling and promote collagen and elastin protein, while collaginase breaks it, now what are anti aging creams which are really beneficial and having what ingredients in it, some suggestions needed,
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Hi Abdul Malik Anyone that promotes specific creams, emollients, balms or snake oils that claims to halt skin wrinkling through promoting collagen and elastin production is totally ignorant of basic biochemistry and biology. And no, "we", cannot control skin wrinkling.
1. The outer layers of normal skin is made of keratin protein polymers.
2. It is not collagen or elastin.
2. Collagen and elastin are major components of scar tissue that is made after injury to the skin.
3. Keratin is a dead outer layer of skin and it is impermeable.
4. If rich, ignorant and vain people are involved......
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Phenolic compounds could be potentially effective in the treatment of various skin disorders, including signs of aging, diseases and injury. Numerous studies have shown the potent biological activity of polyphenols, especially in skin cell cultures, a reconstituted skin model and rodents (mice, rats). Plant phenolics possess a significant potential to inhibit or even reverse the signs of aging, such as wrinkles or hyperpigmentation marks; hence they are promising molecules for development of new cosmetic formulations. On the other hand, particular phenolic compounds may act in a specific and effective way in order to inhibit or slow down the development of various skin-related diseases. The plant phenolics may be efficient in the treatment of both serious life-threatening dermal diseases (cancer) and minor skin problems (acne). Despite the beneficial influence of polyphenols on the skin aging effects and dermal diseases, they were also reported to be effective in healing of wounds (including chronic wounds) and burns. As regards skin disorders, therapeutic properties were shown by either a single compound or a combination of phenolics present in the plant extracts. The natural character and high effectiveness of phenolic compounds are promising features for developing novel topical formulations and dressings that might replace hitherto known remedies with limited application.
Share with me by your information ...I'm waiting you ....
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thanks dear dr Mutasem and dr.Monyer ...
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Besides the previously discovered circadian clock (the 24-hour timekeeper) is there another master regulator clock controlling aging and other time scheduled events of life, such as fetal development and puberty (and ultimately over-watching the whole cycle of aging) which are precisely time-dependent, by keeping the track of solar “years” passed?
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Hi Sina,
There is the "DNA methylation clock", named "epigenetic clock": the degree of methylation of few CpG loci reflects the biological age. It keeps track of the "solar years", except for many diseased tissues which appear "epigenetically older" than healthy tissues, and has a different pace in different tissues.
Two reviews about this question: PMID: 25913071; PMID: 25341512. There are many recent papers about the epigenetic clock but not that many reviews. One founding paper: PMID: 24138928.
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We recently develop a kind of dissolving micro-needle which can dissolve in dermal system to deliver medicine, skin-care product inside of it.
We first want to make an application in skin-care area because it is not regulated as medicine does.
Here are what we have in mind, we want to use this microneedle to  Wrinkles, scars, hair growth, hair removal. But we do not know which chemicals or compound should we use for those applications?
Besides, are there some treatment only can be performed by needle injection?
Any suggestion and comment are welcome! Thanks
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can carry slow filling fillers or slow acting botox in threads. to be inserted in face. or in cerebral palsy or trigeminal neuralgia.
as of now no threads carry medication. may be it can be tried in chronic pains
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I would like to analyse proapoptotic activity of a compound to be used on Actinic keratosis. Is there any cell line that might represent early phases of photocarcinogenesis?
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Dear Vieri,
I suppose you can ask professor Jean Kanitakis from Lyon.
Regards,
Aldona
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In measuring aged skin, what other instruments can I use beside cutometer, corneometer and visioscan?
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You can test skin elasticity and moisture, sebum production rate, TEWL changes in pigmentation, and disturbances in structure (withHigh frequency Ultrasound) with only one device (Skinlab Combo or Dermalab Combo).
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I will start projects in order to model with finite element approach the human skin ageing. Are you aware about such models ?
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Phillips, Inc. has info on this, I believe.
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When applied topically,  is there any substance that induces the production,  synthesis of elastin? How about increasing elasting in the skin?
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wonderful thought to keep some one young for ever. any way either it is clinically not possible to regenerate elastin. Good luck
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Considering the intensity of wrinkles or grade of wrinkles and dose of Botox. is there any formula?How does one decrease the metabolism of botox?
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Thank you Dr Niroshan. I will take your advise of rephrasing. I do admit that understanding botox action was necessary before posting the question. I thank you for making me go back to my basics.
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(1)Assessing for ECM degradation ( antielastase, anticollagenase and anti hyaluronidase)
(2) Assessing anti-tyrosinase activity (hyperpigmentation)
Other?
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Thank you neeraj and ayub. I already have the article that you suggested. Currently, I am studying medicinal plants that have antiaging properties.Most of medicinal plants that I am studying have antioxidant potential...I am looking for other assessment methods from what i have listed for skin aging...
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What role do cosmetics play in the prevention and reversal of skin aging? Is the hype created by cosmetic manufacturers justifiable?
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Antioxidants, Vitamin A and E against skin aging.
Knowledge of the mechanisms by which manifests premature skin aging, not determined by genetic factors, provides the basis for the approaches to its prevention and treatment selection more effective to combat it.
In fact, "counteract the formation of wrinkles" is the result of a synergy of functionality that could be summarized as follows:
Topical application of antioxidants, molecules able to "capture" and neutralize free radicals, responsible for irreversible damage against the skin;
Using constant and continuous, during sun exposure, chemical or physical filters, which shield against UVA and UVB rays to prevent from damage induced by ultraviolet radiation;
Using molecules smoothing and exfoliants, such as alpha-hydroxy acids, which stimulate the physiological cell regeneration, making the skin softer and brighter;
Application of depigmenting molecules that inhibit the production of melanin, reducing the intensity of age spots;
Application of peptides muscle relaxants can reduce the loss of elasticity and skin tone, by means of blocking action of the muscle that mimics that of the botulinum toxin;
Using agents soft-focus, substances able to reduce the visibility of skin roughness by means of a phenomenon of optical type.
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I am looking for a set of comprehensive review papers on the mechanisms of wrinkle formation and will highly appreciate the reference. 
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Acne patients often ask doctors: Which food do I have to avoid? Which kind of food may improve the symptoms of acne?
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All dairy and all high glycemic load foods. See attached
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Is there any consensus with regard to so called recommended UVB dose used in in vitro experiments? From the literature review conducted by me so far it seems that different doses are used.
We would like to conduct an experiment to check the potential of our compounds against UVB induced skin ageing.
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Hi Sabina. I have attached a paper regarding UV and oxidative stress.
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I'm interested in assessing the properties of skin in orthopaedic trauma patients, in particular instrumented measures of 'thickness' and elasticity. Could anyone please advise the best methods/instruments to use? I'm aware of the Ballistometer and Cutometer and obviously skin fold callipers.
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Hi Jill. Thank you for your thoughts, much appreciated. The comparison between the two techniques is particularly useful!
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What challenges have you encountered in doing this assessment?
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* Macro Skin Relief: digital image profilometry.
* Structure and Dermis Hipoderme: Ultrasound Picture.
* Mechanical Characteristics of Skin: Cutometria (viscoelasticity, extensibility and plasticity of the skin; maximum extent of the skin (total strain)).
* Flowmetry: skin perfusion using Laser Doppler.
Good work!
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Aging affects the body, is there any relation between early aging and the risk of heart stroke or brain stroke.how does one reverse it
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Upps, careful there, it reads like you tend to jump to conclusions...
Let me rephrase it:
1) Which specific (in terms of species, when, where, how much, ...) radicals are causing aging?
2) Could we specifically prevent or counter their formation?
3) Talking about disease risk I invite to the refer to the work of Michael Ristow and others who have demonstrated, the radicals - i.e. reactive oxygen species here - are needed to receive beneficial effects due to physical training. So what about radicals that are physiologically needed and/or beneficial?
In summary, I want to point out that it's all not that simple... ;-)
Sometimes it might be a valid approach to think about preventing "extra" radical formation, e.g. due to voluntary exposure to solar radiation...