Simulation - Science topic

I am modeling a low-velocity impact with drop-weight in a composite plate using Abaqus Explicit. I am using S4R elements for the laminas and cohesive surfaces with SFM elements.

In this case (image below) I set an initial velocity to the bullet to have an impact energy of 12J, which is the initial value of the kinetic energy. Then during the impact, this kinetic energy should transform to internal energy, reaching it up to this 12J also, if I understand it correctly, and then fall again until it remains stable.

Does somebody know what could be the reason why the internal energy does not reach the 12J that I have established as the impact energy of the model?

Thank you!

My friend is doing a folio for an assignment and needs information on this topic.

During the SCAPS-1D device simulation of perovskite solar cell, I have observed JV curves with tilted somehow. I cant understand why this type of behavior occur? Please guide.

Hello everyone,

I am currently conducting a stencil printing simulation using ABAQUS. The simulation needs to be performed in 20 different locations on the stencil, requiring a separate simulation for each of these locations. In my case, all components remain fixed, and only the location of the blade changes across these 20 locations. The simulation consists of seven steps. Throughout these 20 simulations, all conditions remain identical from the first step until the fifth step. However, after the fifth step, I change the blade's location in the sixth step and continue the simulation in the seventh step.

Given that the first five steps are the same in all simulations, I would like to explore if there is a way to execute these steps only once and then reuse or restart the results for the remaining 19 simulations. In other words, I aim to find a method that avoids repeating the first five steps in the subsequent simulations. Although I have attempted to utilize the restart option, it did not prove successful due to the blade's location change in the sixth step.

I am currently performing gasification of various biomass feedstocks using aspen plus for my final year research project. I am in need of a guide on how to optimally calculate and present the yield of hydrogen gas obtained from the gasification project. I have values of hydrogen gas already, I just require a valid guide on how to obtain the yield.

I am simulating a hydrogen load with an electrolyzer, a PV system, and the grid.

I have been trying to simulate for a while now but no matter how small the hydrogen load and how big the pv system it always tells me that is unfeasible due to hydrogen unmet load. I would like the grid to supply most of the hydrogen production, but I still can't make it work

any suggestions?

Greetings everyone,

Would anyone be able to suggest or know of software to model the dosage of UV received by a surface from a source object? For example, I would like to model how a cylindrical UV light bulb emitting UV-C at 254 nm at 4 W irradiates the surfaces in an enclosed, reflective space of various geometries.

I modified the Autodyn user subroutine mdeos_user_1.f90, wrote a custom ideal state equation, and injected energy through a custom energy deposition subroutineSUBROUTINE EXSIE3 (DSIE).

Compared with the simulation results without using subroutines, it can be judged whether the simulation results are correct.

The result is that the internal energy and the pressure change are consistent, but the temperature when use subroutine didn't change.So How to write a user equation of state subroutine to get the correct temperature results?

The results are shown in the file.

temperature

pressure

internal energy

 SUBROUTINE SOLVE_EOS_USER_1 &    (P0    ,E0    ,ALPHA   ,DEN    ,DVV    ,DSIE   , &     Q     ,PP    ,EE    ,SOUND   ,IFAIL   ,IFSPHQ  , &     IF_SIMULTANEOUS   ,IFGAS   ,ARHO   ,BRHO   ,DADETA  ,DBDETA )    USE material    USE eos_user_1    USE wrapup    USE MATDEF      IMPLICIT NONE    INTEGER(INT1) :: IFAIL    INTEGER (INT4) :: IFSPHQ, IFLAG, IFGAS, IF_SIMULTANEOUS    REAL (REAL8)  :: ALPHA,  DEN,  DSIE,  DVV,   EE,   E0    REAL (REAL8)  ::   PP,   P0,   Q, SOUND,  ARHO,  BRHO    REAL (REAL8)  :: DADETA, DBDETA, EMU, BULK ,DDD    ! ************************************************************************      IF_SIMULTANEOUS = 1    EE=E0+DSIE-PP*DVV/DEN    PP=EE*(2.0/5.0)*DEN    SOUND=sqrt(1.4*PP/DEN)      DDD=SHCV      SHCV=717.599976    RETURN    END SUBROUTINE SOLVE_EOS_USER_1

 SUBROUTINE EXSIE3 (DSIE)    USE kindef    USE ijknow    USE locelm    USE material    USE matdef    USE cycvar         IMPLICIT NONE    REAL (REAL8)  ::  DSIE    DSIE=10000      RETURN   END SUBROUTINE EXSIE3 

Hello everyone,

I am trying to create a phase shifter like this figure in CST for the beam-steering antenna.

Please give me suggestions or references so that I can do this.

Thanks

Hi,

I'm trying to simulate the crack behaviour in the fracture toughness test (CT sample) in ABAQUS using the XFEM crack mode. To simplify the condition, I implemented a uniaxial load. However, the crack seems to proceed to some extent, then rotates as observable in the attached image and propagates.

Changing the mesh size seemed not have an impact on the problem. Also, I moved the crack plan so that the crack tip is not on the node and is inside an element, but the problem persists.

Material properties are typical of Maraging steel (Maxps = 2100 MPa, damage evolution = 0.01).

Please tell me if any other information need to be presented.

Can anyone help me with this?

Bset,

Mohammad.

I wanted to have a rough estimate on time it takes to get the complete thermal distributions of backbone Ramchandran angles of a given peptide size of 18. Is it possible to estimate the time before doing the Monte carlo simulations. In the attached paper they have mentioned it took 108 CPU hours with 30 cores for 200 milliion CPU steps for TRP cage 20 residue protein. With this info is it possible to estimate the wall time of the MC simulations of a given biomolecule ?

Hello everyone,

I am a master's student and study energy engineering. Currently, I am working on a Heat recovery system in a simple house, and performing my simulation in Open Modelica. I want some help to resolve some errors.

If anyone wants to help me, please text me.

Hoping for a response.

Thanks & Regards

Ashish Kumar

#Modelica #Simuation

The technology of digital twins is used, among other things, to simulate production, logistics processes in business entities, i.e. in the microeconomic field. The creation of digital twins for specific economic and financial processes carried out in economic entities supports the management of these entities. Computer simulations of e.g. production processes, offering of services, supply and procurement logistics, distribution logistics, marketing communication with customers, etc. save time and money, as possible errors in decisions generate much smaller negative effects if they are realised not within the framework of real processes and a kind of experimentation on a functioning enterprise, company, corporation, institution, etc., but within the framework of computer simulation. but within the framework of a computer simulation in which various alternative variants of the development of the economic and financial situation of a company are considered and compared with each other as forecasts of specific processes defined for the following days, weeks, months, quarters or years. Therefore, since the pandemic, many companies and enterprises in Poland have been investing in the creation of IT systems equipped with digital twin technologies, within which it is possible to create multi-criteria, multi-faceted, complex simulation models of specific economic and other processes realised within the company, and/or simulation of processes realised at the level of the company's relations with the environment, with business partners, customers, cooperators, etc.

On the other hand, the possibilities of creating simulations for macroprocesses, i.e. e.g. macroeconomic processes, natural processes, technological processes, geological processes, social processes, long-term climate change, cosmological processes, etc., through the use of digital twin technologies and also other Industry 4.0 technologies, including learning machines, deep learning, artificial intelligence, analytics carried out on Big Data Analytics platforms, are a matter of debate. Year on year, due to technological advances in ICT, including the use of new generations of microprocessors characterised by ever-increasing computing power, the possibilities for increasingly efficient, multi-criteria processing of large collections of data and information are growing. Artificial intelligence can be particularly useful in the field of selective and precise search for specific, defined types of information and data extracted from many selected types of websites and real-time transfer and processing of these data in database systems organised in cloud computing on Big Data Analytics platforms, which would be accessed by a system managing a built and updated model of a specific macro-process using digital twin technologies.

In view of the above, I address the following question to the esteemed community of scientists and researchers:

What do you think about this topic?

What is your opinion on this subject?

Please respond,

I invite you all to discuss,

Thank you very much,

Warm regards,

Dariusz Prokopowicz

Hello all, I am performing a tube Hydroforming process simulation with ABAQUS software. I know the Hydroforming process and how I should perform a metal tube Hydroforming simulation, but now, I want to do the tube hydroforming simulation for a carbon fiber tube. I want to consider the carbon fiber tube as a shell part. I don't know what kind of section I should select for this tube in the property module. Also, I have this problem in the mesh module namely, I don't know what kind of mesh is proper for a tube with the above material properties. I have attached some pictures below which show where I have a problem. Can anyone help me?

Can anyone help me on how to fix this error message in aspen plus "severe error while generating results for unit operations block: "fwh-8" in "fwhtrain" (model: "heatx") "fortran divide by zero encountered".

Hi everyone

I have a tooling simulation .sta file format which looks like it is Abaqus file format. I don't know with which software it has been made but it contains object's mesh coordinates.

Now I want to use it with ANSYS and even conevrt it to more conventional formats like STEP.

Can anyone help me in this regard?

Thanks

I am simulating the crimping of a stent in ABAQUS/Standard using a 3D deformable cylinder on which I impose a displacement in order to crimp the stent from an initial diameter of 2.5 mm to a final 1 mm.

After doing the simulation I'm interested in obtaining the radial strength. According to FDA, the radial strength is the pressure at which a stent experiences irrecoverable deformation. So the idea is to plot this pressure (y-axis) with respect to the strain or radial displacement(x-axis).

Do you have any suggestion?

Hello to everyone!

I am trying to understand an electrostatic issue. The scenario is, that we have a plate capacitor filled with vacuum (d=10cm), where a thin dielectric sample is placed on the bottom plate (ε=10, 1x1cm2 and 0,5mm thick). The applied voltages are -400V @ bottom plate and 0V @ top plate.

I simulated the problem with ANSYS Maxwell. Firstly, I visualized the E-Field around the sample (1) and secondly the E-Field on the dielectric surface itself (2).

(1) As you can see on the images, the E-Field shows edge effects leading to a reduced E-Field magnitude around the edges of the sample (green-blue), while above the center of the sample it is increased (yellow-orange).

(2) Inversely, looking at the sample surface itself, we can see that the E-Field in the center is weaker (dark blue) than at the edges (light blue-green). So the other way around...

I understand that the dielectric weakens the initial E-Field in general due to induced polarization. But what could be the reason for the lateral differences in E-Field magnitude between the edge areas (higher magnitude) and the center (lower magnitude)?

Thank you in advance!

I would like to get your opinion about which open source tool is more reliable for battery aging simulation and performance evaluation? There are various open source tools such as PyBaMM or OpenFOAM. I would like to get advice upon your experience.

Thank you in advance!

I simulate a periodic structure placed on a lossy, dispersive half-space whose relative permittivity is smaller than zero at some frequencies. Using CST 2020, I apply open boundary condition (without adding space) in the direction filled with the mentioned medium.

However, the simulation doesn't progress due to the errors. These errors are as follows:

1) "The Floquet port boundary at Zmin must be homogeneously filled with isotropic loss-free and non-dispersive material. For non-dispersive materials, please consider using the option to "Ignore losses" in the solver specials.".

2)"The Floquet port boundary at Zmin has negative material coefficients, which are not supported."

Curious to know the reason. Does it belong to the software limitations or sth?

Any suggestions or ideas are appreciated.

Thanks

I am doing research about human activity recognition in Smart home.

to create human activity dataset (ADL)

My question might sound bit silly. But, I am really curious to know what makes two GCMs differnt? We know, GCMs simulate past and future climate based on some assumptions. Regarding future, we can not comment anything, but when the task is to simulate past climate, why does the model output vary from each other? Can someone please elaborate on this with some examples?

Hello everyone,

I want to investigate the debonding behavior of the matrix-particle interface in a particulate composite with spherical particles in a two-dimensional matrix, using the Abaqus Dynamic Explicit solver.

I used General Contact (Explicit), with cohesive behavior and Johnson -cook damage formulation. However, stress concentration is occurred at matrix, and the stress is not transferred to the particles. Also, interface perpendicular to force direction is deboned very early. I think my interface definition is not correct, any help would be highly appreciated.

I have simulated a DC-DC converter with a switching frequency of 10 kHz. I need to obtain the averaged values of the measured signals like capacitor voltage and inductor current by filtering the switching measurements. I've tried using the Simulink "Mean" block with a frequency of 10kHz, but as can be seen in the following picture, it does not result in the averaged signal, which should be a straight dc signal(the red curve) as the converter is in steady state. Can you provide a reference that introduces a systematic way to obtain the average value of a switching waveform?

I am studying membrane protein. I did an MD simulation using Desmond. My question is, what would be the maximum value of the C-alpha RMSD for the membrane protein?

Hello my dear researchers

I use the elast package in wien2k and castep/materials studio to calculate the elastic constants of solids. I have a material with cubic structure, I make it a 2x1x1 supercell, so it becomes like tetragonal. My question is: to calculate the elastic constants, should I use the commands for cubic structure (C_set_elast_lapw) or those for tetragonal structure (T_set_elast_lapw).

And thanks in advance.

The selection accuracy in genomic selection (GS) is often calculated as correlation between true genetic value and estimated breeding value. Is it possible to have negative values as selection accuracy? Ideally in a normal correlation, the coefficient ranges from -1 to 1. in GS we expect high selection accuracy, is it not weird to have negative correlation values? What could have responsible for the negative?

I am using -corr2data- to simulated raw data from a correlation matrix. However, some variables that I need should be binary. How can I convert?

Is it possible to convert higher amounts to 1 (and the other ones to 0) as the form to reach the same mean? How should I do it?

Is a way in R?

(I want to perform a GSEM on a correlation matrix)

(I know -faux- package in R. But my problem is that just some of [not all of] my variables are binary.)

Can any one sugget where should I found the DMA test results of pure epoxy. I need to find out the prony series from this DMA test results to define visco-elastic material property.

I have been facing an issue with an impactor-composite tube simulation in Ls Dyna. I tried all possible solutions for a few days but I ended up in the same spot.....I think the issue lies in the contact definition....I have tried with several contact options during solving but I don't get a solution..when solving, it just stops abrupted...If someone could help to check the model it would be a huge help. I have attached the file in question.

best regards

Greetings all the scientific mind!

Could you please suggests some ways/books/tutorials to learn Lammps from absolute beginning?

Could you suggests some best ways to learn lammps for a beginner's who have no coding / scripting knowledge of MD simulation?

Thanks in advance for your great suggestion, contribution & discussion.

Hello all,

I would like to export to an excel file all the data that has been recorded in my records modules in different excel files or in the same one, but different sheets per replication. Would you have an idea on how to do so ?

Thank you in advance !

Hey everyone,

The authours of an article have been performed Molecular Dynamcis Simulations (MDS) using Amber and they extracted different conformations (31 conf.), and it seems like Amber is not free. So instead I use Gromacs but I didn't know how to extract various conformation of my peptide. So is it even possible to do the same using Gromacs or not ? and how ?

Presently I am attempting sequential gaussian simulation using SGeMS software. I have followed the steps as shown in various videos available online and also the user guide (Remy et. al., 2006). I have set a grid of 50x20x100 as per procedure and finally derived 50 realisations. Now, I want to retrieve the simulated data along with the grid point locations so that I can plot them in some different software.

I followed the steps of "object -> save project -> grid to save -> property to save -> csv format" and saved the file. However, when i open it, I get the simulated values of variable but not its XYZ coordinates. I have attempted multiple times unsuccessfully.

Can any one point out where am I missing the step?

TIA.

Hi there!

I'm starting to model an urban simulation and I'm having a bit of a dilemma regarding what language to use. Have some experience in Netlogo and I'm starting to make a shift towards Repast, GAMA or MESA (geo-mesa), because it is recommended for large scale simulations.

Have been reading papers about which tool to use, but I need someone working on simulations to help me out.

Still, I have questions because:

1- The user base of MESA is scarce and i feel that dealing with issues will be dificult

2- So far i have only seen and read about limited research done in MESA. Specially, dealing with road network integrations. (move an agent along a network)

3- It seems that Netlogo is good for prototype, will not handle big data projects

Thanks in advance, and any pointers to courses or moocs would be great.

I want to create a sweep mesh on a uniform cross-section body as shown. But as can be seen, the mesh element are distorted on the face. I want to have control over the nodes of the elements so that better mesh quality can be achieved, like adding some specified points (shown by red points) for so some nodes fall on those location. How can I achieve a better mesh quality here? Thanks!

I have simulated a flow in Ansys FLUENT [Transient] and got around 3000 contours. Each contour for a timestep. I need to combine all those image frames to get an animated video.

I have tried to use online converters. But, since the number of frames is too much, uploading those to the cloud seems complicated. Could anyone please suggest any freeware to convert those image frames to video animation?

Dear all,

I have been doing research on the leak detection of pipelines for some time. I did the simulations with simcenter software. But unfortunately, I tried to detect the location of the leak using Kalman filter in different ways, but it is not possible. Is it possible to guide me? Is it possible to send me the MATLAB code so that I can try on my own water pipelines and simulations?

After some time I got this error time ***ERROR: Process terminated by external request (SIGTERM or SIGINT received). in Abaqus 2017. How to remove this error and what is the way to restart the job from same STEP

Most car-following models were developed on the basis of some theory, observational studies, or a combination of the two. Many researchers have also used machine-learning algorithms such as neural networks and deep-learning for modeling car-following behavior. But machine-learning approaches are sometimes criticized because they are black-box models.

Would you use a neural network / deep-learning car-following model in simulations for investigating crash behavior/emissions / autonomous/connected or general car-following behavior? Please share your opinion. Thanks.

Currently i am working on thermo-mechanical simulation of dissimilar welded materials in ABAQUS, during my work i am facing problem in simulating volumetric heat source in both the materials. After successfully applying the DFLUX, i am able to get the heat distribution in only one plate. Please, provide me some helpful suggestions.

Hello,

I'm trying to do a simulation on a simple 120mm piece. I defined a displacement of 1mm on one side and fixed the part on the other side. I have defined 50 substeps with large deflection on.

To plot the graph I've got the reaction force of the displacement and divide by the area of stress in y axis and I've got the dispacement divide by the lengh in x axis.

I only have the linear part of the graph and I don't know how to get the whole graph with the plastic region.

I appreciate any suggestion

Thank you for your help

Is there an index that includes the mixing index and pressure drop for micromixers?

For example, for heat exchangers and heat sinks, there is an index that includes heat transfer performance and hydraulic performance, which is presented below:

The purpose of these indexes is to create a general criterion to check the devices' overall performance and investigate the parameters' impact.

Is there an index that includes mixing performance and hydraulic performance for micromixers?

Hi there!

Do you know about PhoenixSim simulator learning tools and helps?

if so please help.

Best regards

Yasin Asadi

I am simulating a welding process. Do I have to use merge nodes as well as the spot welding together?

I can''t create any new report, not sure what i did.

I alredy try open old file and re-install HFSS, but i can only read reprort if i already create.

Can any one help me thanks

I'm doing a LINAC simulation using the Monte Carlo code TOPAS. I've read somewhere that the NRC LINAC specifications are not propriety and are in the public domain, but I failed to find them.

Can someone point me in the right direction where I should look. I tried google patents, science direct and web of science but came up empty handed.

I've found this paper (https://doi.org/10.1118/1.1290714) with the geometrical specifications but for the same component it was given two different distances form central axes can someone help me understand it.

Any help would be greatly appreciated.

Hi,

Thank you for help.

How to make the scheduling process in CloudSim an environment for my reinforcement learning model ?

Anybody knows how to change the density of materiel during a deformation process in a specific strain range, for example (when strain raise from 0.1 to 0.2) using VUMAT ABAQUS subroutine?

I am New to MDS simulation which software will be open source and free tutorial available for beginners?

How can I import 2D sketches from CATIA into COMSOL Multiphysics?

The formats that COMSOL reads in 2D geometry are not available in CATIA.

I am using multi-agent for modeling Wireless Sensor Networks. Is there any omnet++ extension modules for multi-agent system?

Hello,

I want to completly fold a flat sheet using an angluar force or torque, taking into consideration that :

the maximum folding angle that i can reach is 120° (strating initially from 180°), then the geometrical aspect of the sheet start to change.

Thank you in advance :)

I would like to create dynamically a bottleneck on Aimsum to replicate the consequences of a crash on traffic.

The scheme would be nominal cpacity -> capacity drop -> back to nominal capacity

Is it possible to do it ? If yes how ?

We used the MEAM potential to investigate the melting and solidification process on a cube of a specific alloy. Heating to a temperature sufficiently above the melting point was performed at a rate of 1 K/ps and then kept at this temperature for 1 ns, and then cooled to room temperature at a rate of 1 K/ps.

We expected the final structure to be crystalline, but the resulting structure was utterly amorphous. We investigated similar conditions using the EAM potential, and the resulting structure was crystalline.

Can it be concluded that this potential is unsuitable for examining such processes? What is the cause?

I have some XRD data with me. i want to draw the crystal structure of the material. which software I can use for this purpose? can someone please help me

I'm currently modeling to plaques that are together, one is of a composite material and has ply orientation while the other is a simple mould with isotropic properties.

The type of element I'm using is C3D20T and the contact type I used is surface to surface with small sliding, frictionless, contact controls, hard contact and direct in normal behavior and zero tolerance specified. However, I get the following warning :

Solver problem. Zero pivot when processing D.O.F. 1 of 22 nodes. The nodes have been identified in node set WarnNodeSolvProbZeroPiv_1_1_1_1_1.

How can I solve it?

So there is a simple beam element on which I was experimenting, trying to find answers to the questions: What is the difference between body load on a constrained assembly (bolted onto a baseplate) and direct nodal load on the constrains? Is there any of these setups that is close to Large Mass Method?

I got some very interesting findings that need explanation. I bolded out the questions that need an answer. Please find the simulation details in the attached images!

Findings:

- Free-free setups have many orders of magnitude lower response to the same unit acceleration load than fixed-free setups. Is this explainable physically, or is it only a simulation gimmick because of mode participation factors (99.99...% factor for rigid-body mode)?

- Also, when nodal acceleration is applied, if rigid-body mode is included, the response is the same as when omitted. Why? (.f06 was checked and it really uses the selected modes) And also if rigid-body mode is omitted from the body acceleration load type, the response is the same (whereas, when rigid-body mode is included, I got unit response because rigid-body mode dominates). Why?

- Enforced acceleration on one end of the free-free beam resulted in a fixed-free modal response. So I'm guessing enforced motion works like a fixed constraint in the modal analysis, then in the Frequency Response it works like a load. Is this statement true?

- In the fixed-free setups, nodal and body load types resulted in similar responses at the eigenfrequencies, but showed differences elsewhere. Why? Also, nodal load goes to unit response at 0Hz while body load goes to 0 response at 0Hz. Why?

Sidenote: I also made a reference run with SOL108 Direct Freq. Response with the fixed-free nodal load setup without damping, and got of course similar result to SOL111 same setup.

Thank you if anyone can answer my questions! The 'Help' of NX was not very helpful :(

In the optimization of gas turbine cycle, many researchers have used isentropic efficiency of gas turbine and air compressor as decision variables. Even I did the same. But recently while submitting a paper I got one comment from the reviewer which really made me think.

The reviewer comment:

"AC and GT isentropic efficiency are used as optimization parameters. Are these easily controllable metrics? The other metrics (pressure ratio and temperatures) are but I wonder about the isentropic efficiencies."

How should I justify?

I am currently working on a project that includes pencil geometry Cs-137 sources and lattice geometry. I try to obtain the voxel dose by using the f6 tally and my simulation was successful but my dose distribution is not looking homogeneous. Geometry and source to surface distance are symmetrically created. So, I should have homogeneous distributions. I used this source definition below. Is there anything wrong or can you advise me of a physics card in order to get more homogeneous dose distributions?

phys:p 100 0 0 0 0 J 0

Also I want to know if I should measure before MD simulation or after that?

In my problem, the plasmonic nanostructures are quite reflective.

hello.

I want to obtain a plot of the sputtering rate according to the angle of the sample with the incident angle of the ion beam fixed.

In this case, I think that should calculate using "Ions with specific energy/angle/depth (full cascade) using TRIM".

To do that, I need to create a TRIM.DAT.

However, a TRIM file can only contain information about the location and orientation of ions, not the sample.

Please advise on how to obtain the sputtering rate according to the angle of the sample.

Does anybody need to discuss steady state and/or dynamic process simulation using ASPEN HYSYS for research and/or industrial purposes?

Calibrating a mic-simulation model is a tricky subject and I am working on calibrating SUMO model parameters. When I examined the literature on this subject, I did not come across a customized calibration approach for certain types of road networks. I will be glad to communicate and share information with those who have knowledge on this subject.

I am working to improve my IoT Platform. Everything is done and I can use the Raspberry Pi module to test my platform. On the Raspberry Pi, I run the gRPC/REST API microservices to send and receive messages through the IoT platform.

Then I would like to simulate multiple devices concurrently connecting to my IoT Platform for review

1. IoT Platform load capacity

2. Communication delay

3. Power consumption on device

Please suggest me an opensouce or some other method to implement this.

Best regards.

Like protein metal predictor or simulation programs

Hello! I have a problem with a reformer kinetic implemented in Aspen Plus. I have a PFR reactor that need to be closed with a recycle. In this recycle there is a very small amount of H2 that invalidate the kinetic and gives me error, this is because in the reaction rate expression, some terms are divided for the partial pressure of H2, and therefor being so small, is like dive everything for zero and that is causing problem in the converge.