Silk - Science topic

The exploration of new materials as well as methods and sources of their production is a constantly growing trend in both scientific and industrial directions. One such method is carbonization, which has attracted a lot of attention over the past decades. Carbonization is the process of preparation of 3D carbonaceous materials with unique propertie...

Thermostability is a crucial property of biological materials, especially in the case of their potential application in materials science, including such novel directions as Extreme Biomimetics. This approach includes research at high temperatures without destroying the 3D structure of selected biological materials that allow the development of nov...

The morbidity rate following a surgical procedure increasing rapidly in the cases associated with surgical site infections. Traditional sutures lack the ability to deliver drugs as the incorporation of the drug in their structure would hamper their mechanical properties. To prevent such infections, we developed an extracellular matrix mimicking ele...

Corn is one of the most important cereal crops in the world with highest yield potential. Nevertheless, its potential productivity is constrained by the occurrences of drought stress worldwide. Besides, in the era of climate change, frequent occurrences of severe droughts are predicted. The present investigation was carried out at Main Agricultural...

In maize (Zea mays L.), rational root structure promotes high grain yield under dense sowing conditions. This study was conducted at Qitai Farm in Xinjiang, China, in 2019 and 2021. A traditional wide and narrow row planting method was adopted, with wide rows of 0.7 m and narrow rows of 0.4 m. The cultivars DH618 and SC704, which have grain yield p...

Background Spontaneous pneumothorax is thoracic condition, with annual incidence of 7 to 9 cases per 100,000 people. Most of thoracic surgeons prefer minimally invasive method that uses staplers to resect bullous parenchyma, but this technique is costly. Now, the problem of rising health care costs is faced by all countries all over the world. As r...

As a natural high-performance material with a unique hierarchical structure, silk is endowed with superior mechanical properties. However, the current approaches towards producing regenerated silk fibroin (SF) for the preparation of biomedical devices fail to fully exploit the mechanical potential of native silk materials. In this study, using a to...

Mulberry is an important crop for the sericulture sector because they are the main source of nutrition for silkworms. Sericulture is the practice of raising silkworms to produce silk, which is a valuable and opulent textile in many industries. Mulberry is the primary food source for silkworms, hence the availability and quality of mulberry are cruc...

When humidified at different moisture conditions, restrained spider silk fibers can exhibit a very high supercontraction phenomenon. The hydration water molecules induce a Hydrogen-bonds disruption process that, due to entropic effects, decreases the natural -- zero force -- end-to-end chains length. By considering a bundle of macromolecules, we de...

Muga silkworm is multivoltine and primarily feeds on two primary food plants Som (Persea bombycina King. syn. Machilus bombycina) and Soalu (Litsea polyantha Kost. syn. Litsea monopetala). Muga silkworm Antheraea assamensis (n=15) is a semi-domesticated silk moth 25 mentioned in literature as early 1662 BC. In its annual life cycle there are six cr...

In-stent restenosis caused by tumor ingrowth increases the risk of secondary surgery for patients with abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAA) because conventional vascular stent grafts suffer from mechanical fatigue, thrombosis, and endothelial hyperplasia. For that, we report a woven vascular stent-graft with robust mechanical properties, biocompatibili...

Herbs are one of humanity’s oldest known therapeutic needs for long-term health, and they serve as the foundation for modern medicine. There is currently a thirst and demand for healthy diets with added value all around the world. One such important herb that can be found in many different locations is corn silk. The Chinese and Native Americans ha...

Although inspired by the nineteenth-century term ‘Silk Road(s)’, the phrase ‘Maritime Silk Road’ has its own origins, connotations, and applications. This article examines the emergence of the latter term as a China-centric concept and its various entanglements since the early 1980s, involving the People’s Republic of China’s (PRC) political bodies...

Decreased light conditions due to cloud cover and smog pollution severely limit crop cultivation and production. Reduced light interception coupled with irregular rainfall caused damage to major crops’ yield at their critical growth stages, especially at the post-silking stage in maize (Zea mays L.). This study was conducted in underground soil col...

Entomoceuticals define a subset of pharmaceuticals derived from insects. The therapeutic effect of insect-derived drugs has been empirically validated by the direct use of various folk medicines originating from three sources in particular: the glandular secretions of insects (e.g., silk, honey, venom), the body parts of the insect or the whole use...

Geometric regularity of spider webs has been intensively studied in orb-weaving spiders, although it is not exclusive of orb weavers. Here, we document the geometrically regular, repetitive elements in the webs of the non-orb-weaving groups Leptonetidae and Telemidae for the first time. Similar to orb weavers, we found areas with regularly spaced p...

Grouping of maize inbred lines into heterotic groups is an initial step in exploitation of heterosis. Hence a field study was conducted to classify 27 inbred lines into two heterotic groups by evaluating the performance of 54 crosses along with lines and testers in a simple lattice design. The 27 inbred lines were crossed to two broad based heterot...

Spider silks have been intensively studied among natural materials for their extreme mechanical properties such as very high strength, ultimate strain, and toughness. Another striking phenomenon characterizing spider silk, known as supercontraction, is a substantial contraction, up to a half of the initial length, occurring when an unconstrained si...

Tropical tasar silkworm Antheraea mylitta is represented by 44 different ecoraces in India. Due to urbanisation, mining and other anthropogenic reasons, many of the wild Tasarecoraces either lost or in the process of extinction which warrants their conservation. Similipal Biosphere Reserve in Mayurbhanj, Odisha is considered to be the natural habit...

The Silk Road gained a good reputation and unprecedented fame, as a result of the goods known for its name, which was not only attracted the attention of merchants and travelers, but was the focus of attention of the caliphs, kings and kingdoms through which the convoys of multinational merchants were passing as it was not only a route for silk mer...

Hyperspectral imaging has emerged as a promising analytical method of artwork due to its potential in combining non-invasive analytical capabilities and imaging allowing the survey of the entire (or of a large area of the) surface of an artwork, which is a highly significant application for historic tapestries. This project deployed a high-resoluti...

Te experiment was laid out in alpha-lattice design with two replicates of each genotype which comprised twenty-three heat-tolerant maize hybrids received from CIMMYT-Mexico and three check varieties. Tese treatment genotypes were evaluated at the Agronomy farm, Gokuleshwor College, Baitadi, Nepal, during the spring season of 2021. ZH191065 and ZH19...

Objective: Mid- to late-Holocene large-scale population migration profoundly impacted the interaction of ethnic groups and cultures across Eurasia, notably in Central Asia. However, due to a lack of thorough historical documents, distinctive burial items, and human remains, the process of population migration during this historical era in the area...

Cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs), obtained from natural resources, possess great potential as a bioderived reinforcement for natural-fiber-reinforced composites (NFRPs) due to their superior crystallinity and high aspect ratio. To elucidate the specific parameters of CNCs that significantly affect their mechanical performance, various CNCs were invest...

Synthetic fibre industry are fastest growing fibre industry in India. According to Global Outlook report published by fashion to fibre Synthetic fibre constitute of 54% of the consumption in 2019.[ Fibre2Fashion, Global Fibre Market Outlook- An Overview (Jun 2020), https://www.fibre2fashion.com/industry-article/8700/global-fibre-market-outlook-an-o...

Structure design provides an effective solution to develop advanced soft materials with desirable mechanical properties. However, creating multiscale structures in ionogels to obtain strong mechanical properties is challenging. Here, an in situ integration strategy for producing a multiscale-structured ionogel (M-gel) via ionothermal-stimulated sil...

Many marine invertebrates have planktonic larval and benthic juvenile/adult stages. When the planktonic larvae are fully developed, they must find a favorable site to settle and metamorphose into benthic juveniles. This transition from a planktonic to a benthic mode of life is a complex behavioral process involving substrate searching and explorati...

The diversity of true bugs gave rise to various lifestyles, including gaining advantage from other organisms. Plokiophilidae are cimicomorphan bugs that live in the silk constructions of other arthropods. One group, Embiophila, exclusively settles in the silk colonies of webspinners (Embioptera). We investigated the lifestyle of Embiophila using mi...

The study was aimed at divulging an eco-friendly antimicrobial finish on 100 % silk woven fabric. The leaves’ extract of Azadirachata indica, Butea monosperma and Litche chinensis were used as the development of eco-friendly antimicrobial finish. The antimicrobial property and comfort related property were checked before and after applying antimicr...

Natural fibers have received increasing attention as starting materials for innovative applications in many research fields, from biomedicine to engineering. Bombyx mori silk fibroin has become a material of choice in the development of many biomedical devices. Grafting represents a good strategy to improve the material properties according to the...

Silica nano particles were synthesized from rice husk by alkali treatment followed by calcination. The nano particles were characterized with the aid of Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) and X-ray Diffraction Spectroscopy (XRD). The eri silk / wool union fabric...

Design education is practical and theoretical; however, it does not usually include the study of cultural heritage. Nonetheless, relations with academia have been strong since the 18th century, when the need to educate designers spread across the continent to improve design and make it competitive in the market. In this paper, we recover that spiri...

High-yielding cultivars with high water use efficiency are a main target in maize breeding; yet, no comprehensive study about the genetic regulation of photosynthesis, or about the ranges of variability for gas exchange-related parameters in maize has been published. Here, a large maize panel of 731 inbred lines previously genotyped was evaluated t...

Abstract In recent years, natural dyes have attracted significant attention globally because of growing public awareness of the environment and health hazards associated with synthetic dyes. Natural dyes can provide special aesthetic qualities as well as the ethical significance of a product which is environmentally friendly. By keeping this burnin...

Background Addressing the nutritional problems of adolescent girls is important as their nutritional status has a negative effect on the future generation. However, the evidence revealed the variation and unrelated data on the prevalence of dietary diversity and lack of including all adolescent age and community groups in Ethiopia. Hence, this stud...

The aim. The aim of the study was to study the content of polysaccharide fractions depending on the dissolution, qualitative composition and quantitative content of sugars in corn silk, leaves and roots. Materials and methods. To study different fractions of polysaccharides - water-soluble polysaccharides (WSPS), pectin substances (PS), hemicellul...

Leveraging liquid crystal elastomers (LCEs) to realize scalable fabrication of high‐performing fibrous artificial muscles is of particular interest because these active soft materials can provide large, reversible, programmable deformations upon environmental stimuli. High‐performing fibrous LCEs require the used processing technology to enable sha...

Silk has attracted the attention of researchers as a biomedical and cosmetic material because of its good biocompatibility and cytocompatibility. Silk is produced from the cocoons of silkworms, which have various strains. In this study, silkworm cocoons and silk fibroins (SFs) were obtained from ten silkworm strains, and their structural characteri...

The ear leaf veins are an important transport structure in the maize "source" organ; therefore, the microscopic phenotypic characteristics and genetic analysis of the leaf veins are particularly essential for promoting the breeding of ideal maize varieties with high yield and quality. In this study, the microscopic image of the complete blade cross...

This article explores prayer texts written on the first panel of a manuscript whose content links Dunhuang (敦煌) and Central Tibet, IOL Tib J 466. The wider Dunhuang corpus of which this manuscript is part offers scholars a time-capsule from the social and cultural world of first-millennium CE Dunhuang, a melting pot with connections to China, the e...

Many previous studies have shown that atmospheric circulation anomalies are usually the direct cause of extreme high temperatures (EHT). However, the atmospheric circulation anomalies associated with daytime and nighttime EHTs in North China and their differences are less discussed. The present study divides the summer EHTs in North China into inde...

Aim: to investigate and describe, through a systematic review, the biological behavior and osteogenic potential of composite biomaterials containing hydroxyapatite (HA), alginate and gelatin, in different associations, after in vivo implantation. Materials and Methods: for the search and selection of articles, the Medical Literature Analysis and Re...

Purpose: To evaluate the outcomes of the closure of the appendix base using two different suture materials that we used in our clinic with those published in the literature. Materials and methods: The study retrospectively reviews 36 cases of children who underwent laparoscopic appendectomies. The patients were divided into two groups: the Vicryl s...

There is growing concern about the use of plastic in packaging for food materials, as this results in increased plastic waste materials in the environment. To counter this, alternative sources of packaging materials that are natural and based on eco-friendly materials and proteins have been widely investigated for their potential application in foo...

Resilin is a natural protein with high extensibility and resilience that plays a key role in the biological processes of insects, such as flight, bouncing, and vocalization. This study used piggyBac-mediated transgenic technology to stably insert the Drosophila melanogaster resilin gene into the silkworm genome to investigate whether exogenous prot...

PROFESSOR TAREQ ALASADI عبارة عن بوليمر طبيعي يتكون من الفبروين والغراء مثل بروتين سيريسين ، الذي يربط الألياف ببعضها البعض (Zhang et al. ، 2009). يتكون الحرير الفيبرويني من سلسلتين بولي ببتيد ، سلسلة H ثقيلة (390 كيلو دالتون) وسلسلة L خفيفة (26 كيلو دالتون) كلاهما متصلان عن طريق رابطة ثاني كبريتيد تشكل مجمع HL (Qi et al. ، 2017). وبالمثل ، يرتبط ا...

Oxygen therapeutics have a range of applications in transfusion medicine and disease treatment. Synthetic molecules and all-natural or semi-synthetic hemoglobin-based oxygen carriers (HBOCs) have seen success as potential circulating oxygen carriers. However, many early HBOC products were removed from the market due to side effects from excess hemo...

The transfer of sericulture into Byzantium is a critical episode in the global dissemination of silk production technology. However, it is now widely accepted that the explanatory model portraying the transfer as a one-off event is at odds with the historical facts. This article seeks to reassess the transfer of this technology through the lens of...

This study aims to analyze the international communication of Chinese music through the spatiotemporal context of the Old and New Silk Roads. This research builds on an empirical approach using questionnaires that contributed to determining the scope of applying the intercultural Chinese compositions. According to the results of the study, most (80...

In many foreign countries where cocooning is developed, new effective scientific-based innovative technologies are being developed for the cultivation of high-quality cocoon raw materials, their preliminary processing and increase of cocoon productivity. It is pivotal to obtain high quality, thin and strong silk fiber from cultivated cocoons. This...

During the feeding of mulberry silkworms, when the temperature in the larvae fluctuates sharply and the amount of nutrients fed is below or above the norm, the metabolism and physiological processes in the body are disrupted. As a result, the silk cocoon water balance, respiration, digestion and absorption of nutrients are impaired, the activity of...

Background The clinical findings of Behçet’s disease (BD) differ according to the country and race investigated. The most important genetic factor known in the pathogenesis of BD is HLA-B51, and this positivity is high in countries on the “Silk Road” where BD is as frequent as it is in Turkey. Although the positivity of HLA B51 is proven to be high...

Type II diabetes (T2D) is a global epidemic disease with an increased incidence and prevalence. Gut microbiota plays an important role in controlling T2D development. Dietary administration of prebiotics, probiotics, and drugs, including metformin, showed the regulatory impact on the change of gut microbiota, which is associated with the improvemen...

The pink stem borer (PSB), Sesamia cretica (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) purple-lined borer (PLB), Chilo agamemnon (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) and European corn borer Ostrinia nubilalis, (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) are considered the most devastating insect pests of maize production in the Mediterranean region. The frequent use of chemical insecticides has re...

A desorption electrospray ionization (DESI) source was built and attached to a Bruker 7T SolariX FT-ICR-MS for the in situ analysis of 14 early synthetic dyestuffs. Optimization using silk and wool cloths dyed with rhodamine B concluded that when using a commercial electrospray emitter (part number: 0601815, Bruker Daltonik), a nebulizing gas (N2)...

Sustainable development needs climate-smart food production systems. This study examined maize responses to irrigation levels of 70, 85, and 100% crop evapotranspiration (ETc) and blended fertilizer rates of 0, 50, 100, and 150 kg ha-1, in factorial combinations. Blended fertilizer contains nitrogen, phosphorus, sulfur, and boron (NPSB). A field ex...

The lightweight, low-density, and low-cost natural polymers like cellulose, chitosan, and silk have good chemical and biodegradable properties due to their individually unique structural and functional elements. However, the mechanical properties of these polymers differ from each other. In this scenario, chitosan lacks good mechanical properties t...

The purpose of this research is to assess the economic growth and sustainable development of Ethiopia. To what extent does the Chinese investment contribute to the overall economic development of Ethiopia after the Belt Road Initiative (BRI)? What are the main focus areas for development in the region and how does the BRI initiative connect people...

Sericin has been used in functional and potentially biodegradable materials for cosmetics, biomedical, agricultural, and food applications. It is a natural polymer with applications in absorbent materials, such as hydrogels, because of its hydrophilic character. However, sericin by itself is brittle, and in contact with water has low structural sta...

Objetivo/contexto: El ascenso de China ha generado un profundo debate sobre el impacto que genera en el escenario internacional su creciente presencia. Existe una amplia discusión en torno a si China se transformará en un nuevo hegemon o si establecerá un escenario poshegemónico. Sin embargo, estas aproximaciones asumen que la hegemonía es un conce...

Purpose The developmental status of the male and female spike determines grain number (GN) per ear and yield. A better understanding of the effect of N on male and female spike differentiation and GN formation could help to gain insight into the mechanism of N regulation on yield. Methods A field experiment was conducted with four nitrogen rates:...

Silk is valued as one of the prominent protein textile fibers under the animal category famous for the distinct properties such as lustrous appearance, comfort performance, remarkable shiny sheen and also towards the bio-applications. In general, silk is highly sensitive and delicate; hence, there is a need for the protection in order to protect si...

This experiment was performed to evaluate heterosis and combining ability of morphological traits in maize (Zea mays L.). The experiment was arranged in randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replicates. Twenty maize hybrids were obtained by 5×5 complete diallel crosses in first year and were evaluated for plant attributes like plant he...

At the global level, special attention is paid to the care of the mulberry silkworm Bombyx mori L. in different climatic conditions, the adaptation of monovoltine breeds and hybrids to different ecological regions, and the production of high-quality raw silk that meets the requirements of the international standard 2A, 3A, 4A. being directed. Today...

A study has been carried out to register the impact of selective integrated management practices imposed for the management of castor defoliators on commercial characters of eri silkworm. The investigation encompasses altogether seven integrated management modules, a control was maintained for comparison. Except for the control, each treatment cons...

In the current era of highly developed science, technology and technology, the demand for natural fabrics is increasing year by year in the world market, and the world silk industry and science are led to the cultivation of mulberry varieties with high nutritional value and the creation of breeds and hybrids suitable for different seasons of the ch...