Settlements - Science topic

Can any one explain the procedure of considering geogrid layers in Plaxis 2D or 3D. I have tried to update mesh as some references recommend. I got some increase in bearing capacity. However, for the same load, no noticed change in settlement value. I interest in the ability of geogrid to reduce the settlement.

My paper addresses the question: to what extent have women meaningfully participated in the official peace process in Yemen since 2015? The academic peace studies literature has shown that women’s meaningful participation in formal peace negotiations is one of the main components of the Women Peace and Security (WPS) agenda, yet 22 years after Resolution 1325, it remains one of the least advanced areas. This dissertation examines the case study of Yemen, through semi-structured interviews with eight professionals working to support women’s participation in Yemeni peace negotiations. The research uses a theoretical framework of inclusive peace and women’s meaningful participation, informed by Paffenholz (2018) and O’Reilly, Súilleabháin and Paffenholz (2015). This paper analyses of the application of international instruments to advance the presence and meaningful participation of Yemeni women in the United Nations (UN)-led peace efforts since 2015. It finds that, despite the leadership of the UN, efforts by the international community and the normative focus on WPS, women’s inclusion has been superficial and Yemeni women are still far from having a significant influence in the high-level peace process. There is a need to advance the application of the mechanism of women’s meaningful participation in the Yemeni context to ensure that women are elevated to the highest levels of decision-making, and that gender provisions are included in peace agreements and subsequent stages of reformulating the constitution and political settlements.

Black soils swell and shrink causing settlement issues in pavements, foundations etc.

Dear All,

As per my understanding, the Geosynthetic materials (combination of Geocell and Geogrids) will increase the bearing capacity of soils and reduce the differential settlements. I am wondering, whether these products will reduce the overall settlements especially when they used in soft Clays/clayey Silts ? If yes, what percentage of loads can be reduced ? Please help me with the evidence (Case studies with monitoring data)

landslides commonly observes due to settlement if underneath strata is weak.

earth movement . this discussion should go forward considering & focusing on weak soil properties. How to identify such erosion hot spots?

Hello scientific community, I need a method to identify informal settlements.

the data I have:

-Satellite image sentinel 2 : resolution = 10 m

-The footprints of buildings covering the whole area (formal and informal settlements) :resolution = 0.5 m

For validation i have : statistical documents of informal neighborhood from public authorities.

Thank you all.

Hi everyone! Are there any methods, theories or determinants in assessing the level of capacity and resilience in floating communities (buoyant settlements/ static elevated settlements).

I have a problem of embankment constructed on clay layer over sandy soil. The clay layer of a depth 11m and cu=60kPa, sand soil of a depth 39m and angle of internal friction 35.

I carried out tunnel of 6m in diameter in clay layer at different depth 5,8,10m.

In all cases when carried out only tunnel the settlement value is upward.

I used hardening soil model for clay and sand. I used program PLAXIS 3d in analysis.

I want to carry out tunnel with length 100m and diameter 7m below 5m ground surface in PLAXIS programm 3d. The profile of soil consists from 11m soft clay and 39m dense sand.

Well,

I mean by laws and reglementations which are related to the work of external auditor.

I need some articles which describes or explains the impact between the two concepts.

Thx

I have a question which is crucial for my research, do we have any estimated proportion of how much sapiens lived in caves, rockshelters or open-air sites, if you know any available data about that I would appreciate it.

I read a paper about the effect of the permeability on the excess pore water pressure distribution and I found out that the change of the permeability during liquefaction gives better results in terms of excess pore pressure ratio and settlements. I tried to write a permeability code depend on the ru values in tcl file, however, I couldn't it because I m beginner to opensees and tcl code language. since, can anyone help me with this issue? I want to add a function like the following document.

Hello scientific community, I need a method to identify informal settlements.

the data I have:

-Satellite image sentinel 2 : resolution = 10 m

-The footprints of buildings covering the whole area (formal and informal settlements) :resolution = 0.5 m

For validation i have : statistical documents of informal neighborhood from public authorities.

Thank you all.

Hi,

I am trying to incorporate the Soil-Structure Interaction (SSI) effects in ABAQUS, where I am modelling a masonry building on strip footing subject to tunnelling-induced settlements using the CDP model. For this purpose, I researched and found that ABAQUS has two available models to model soil effects (Besides the time-consuming, computationally expensive 3D modelling approach), Springs and connector elements.

My question would be, is there any way to assign these elements (or similar ones) to surfaces rather than approaching them using point/line links? I am doing this to ensure that the effect of SSI is continuous between the nodes and not localized over the assigned nodes, resulting in a somewhat wavy deformed shape of the strip footing!

Please note that the purpose of the study is not only to look at the accuracy of the SSI effect, as node elements would be sufficient regardless. I am trying to assess the complex building behaviour from cracks, deformations, etc.., and I need to make sure that the building foundation deforms correctly (smooth and continuous) under SSI effects.

Any help is much appreciated!

Best to you all,

Ali

PhD Civil Engineering

University of Nottingham, UK

Can you recommend an updated book or scholarly articles on the WTO's Dispute Settlement Body's jurisprudence in relation to GATT Article XX, in particular subsection (a) on public morals, (b) human, animal or plant life; and (g) conservation of exhaustible natural resources.

Thank you!

Its a question in urban and regional planning course in settlement and urban morphogenesis unit

Hi,

I have been doing image classification of landsat 4-5 of year 1997 in ARC MAP, but it is difficult to proper classify the image. As i am using band 4, 3, 2 band combination, and settlements are mixing with bareland etc.. And there is a difference in bareland color, as some locations it is white, at some it is brown, and at some it is cyan color.

Is there any proper band combination to classify the landsat4-5 of year 1997.

In the large area placed by crushed and uncrushed aggregate in the same foundation. I ask for Is aggregate types affect the differential settlement of the foundation or what?

A consolidated drained and consolidated undrained triaxial tests tests were done on a clay sample .. The angle of friction was greater in the CD test, but the cohesion was less ... The question is: When a footing is placed on this clay.. In which of the two tests is the settlement of the footing is greater?

If a new mining venture (oil or gas wells) are developed in an area, the new economic activity will cause a number of economic and social changes in nearby settlements where workers may be housed and supporting industries may be located. How best can one evaluates the social and economic impacts of an oil/gas well.

There will be two groups of workers (i)who drill/develop the wells and construct infrastructure, and (ii) permanent workers who run the well after infrastructure development maybe for a well production life with an average of 20-30 years.

While analyzing the experimental setup of tunnel soil interaction in PLAXIS 3D, I'm not getting desired transverse settlement at z=0. But I'm getting the settlement values very close to desired one at the top of the tunnel lining.

I've checked the soil properties, tunnel modelling.

And I'm giving volume contraction in the tunnel designer < Surface contraction on the top surface of lining.

Can anyone please tell me what could be the possibilities that I'm not getting desired settlement at z=0?

Early civilisations, including Ethiopia, have been found in sub-Saharan Africa but dating back to early Christian times. I suspect little money and effort has been expended to find more within homo sapiens original home, certainly compared to the money spent on the search for ancient human fossils.

Simple assumptions, prejudice or the need to redefine civilisation? While the previous term is employed for settlements or cities, these are further defined as ones of stone or brick. Usually, they exhibited the same structural or design qualities with large central buildings and defined areas of settlement based on class.

In Central Asia at the time of the early great Sumerian cities like Uruk, a huge Kurgan complex of tents existed. Archaeologists and historians do not of course refer to it as a civilisation, at least in the same way they reference Sumeria.

If some attempt is made, will we find huge settlements of mud huts covering wide areas throughout the region? Will we also discover writing?

I am modelling a simple 3-m height road embankment, with varying number of geogrid reinforcement. But the settlement values I get from no geogrid scenario, and the case with geogrid is the same. What am I doing wrong in the modelling? Is there any way i can define the interface between the soil and the geogrid?

I am applying supervised classification on landsat 5 images. But there is certian problem in obtaining the results. As you can see in the picture that there are settlements along the stream but if I see on google map it doesn't show the settlements along the river.

What is the changing logistics of the distribution of products or services in connection with the development of Internet trade, online payments and settlements, and the provision of information services via the Internet?

Please reply

Best wishes

For example we have some experimental results and then we want to use an analytical method to predict the settlement by using the variable parameters of the experimental model.

What are the most effective oxidation process for Mn?

How to reduce the settlement time of the Mn ?

What is the most effective filter unit (for conventional treatment process) ?

My research topic is to predict the Landuse and Landcover for Karachi City. I am able to map for different explanatory factors but how to map the distance from settlement or built up area in Arcgis.

Kindly give the procedure to follow

Hello everyone, I am currently working on my bachelor thesis. I'm still learning to use FLAC and a beginner on it. I have modeled several times and turned out my model didn't capture what I need to analysis. I am analyzing the liquefaction induced-settlement on low rise building. Here it is the result of my analysis, the soil deformed but the structure remain the same (I have to fix the x, y because if its not, the beam structure would be split up). Also, what is the unit for an input loading on FLAC?

Thank you so much,

Irma.

during excavation twin tunnels, is it necessary to get increase in settlement when stresses decrease?

Hello friends,

I'm trying to evaluate the effect of initial void ratio (e0) on the settlement of the material in Mohr Coulomb model in Flac3D. To do so, I'm trying to find a relation between e0 and stiffness parameters in MC model ( K and G). I found a simple relation as in the attached picture based on critical soil mechanics. However, e0 is in the numerator of the equation, meaning that if we increase e0, stiffness of the material will increase, thus, settlement will decrease, which I think is not logical.

I've also run models with several values of e0 using this relation, and indeed the higher value of e0, the lower value of settlement. So I don't know what is the problem or I shouldn't use this relation this relation or do I need to change something in Flac as well for this model.

Any recommendation is highly appreciated.

would you please help me to finding some articles about informal settlements on a provincial scale ?

There is evidence of early interaction between European types and Chinese civilisations and European types may have originated in Siberia. Any thoughts?

ttps://www.academia.edu/44985404/Climate_Change_Geopolitics_and_Human_Settlements_in_the_Hexi_Corridor_over_the_last_5_000_Years

A comparative studies between two settlements looking mainly at temperature and humidity as measurements factors

I need to estimate the settlement of a sandy soil with some gravel under distributed load from a circular base (of a hydraulic jack). Preferrably, I want to have a nonlinear tension vs settlement graph to compare with experimental results. It's for the thesis of a friend.

Any help is greatly appreciated.

Thanks in advance!

Many specialists consider normalization with Arab countries, and Israel is an important factor in overcoming the obstacle of hatred and spreading the culture of tolerance among peoples. In contrast, others believe that it is impossible to talk about peace between the Arab and Islamic peoples on the one hand and the Jewish people on the other hand in the absence of a real settlement to solve the two states.

Hello Everyone,

I am intending to conduct a master's thesis entitled " Habitat Suitability of Panthera Tigers in Bardia National Park, Nepal". I followed some of the articles to understand the variables that I can use for my research. I noticed in most of the research, researchers are using tiger presence point and bioclimatic variables and Topographic (Altitude and Slope) variables to develop the habitat suitability maps. I want to do something different than the usual trends. In addition to these data, I will like to add more variables for my research such as prey species occurrence points, settlement area, water point, Land use map, and Ranger Stations point.

Can anybody suggest to me whether this is a nice way of doing research or it is not generally recommended? Your feedbacks are highly appreciated.

I am trying to model a masonry building over a steel beam to simulate the soil settlement profile, when the model is completed the analysis does not converge effectively (for a total of 11mm a the beam edge I can only converge until 0.5mm). I think this is due to the frame-area connection, so I have tried to use springs. My question is, what type of spring I should use to connect the steel beam to the area shell element (2D model) with a high compression value but no tension so that the structure has better response to the settlement and considering soil-structure interaction.

Many thanks in advance!

The pictures below show the model and another model (trying to apply springs)

When calculating consolidation settlement under structure loads, it is recommended to use the net foundation stress (net foundation stress= stress of the structure - the stress of the excavated soil). For a normally consolidated soil, how is this assumption correct?

For example, if the structure loads are around 300 kPa, considering the excavated soils, the net stress is around 40 kPa. The settlement caused by 40 kPa is not significant.

My concern is, the excavated area consisted of soil materials, the newly introduced elements are different from soil materials and thus, settlement should be calculated by ignoring the excavated portions. Unless, the soil profile changes, which in that case, settlement will be evaluated considering the existing condition.

#consolidation #geotechnical #settlement

There are three primary areas of ground movement towards a pressurised TBM: at the face, along the shield skin and at the tail void -(In the attached figure).

Can the maximum surface Settelment of the tunnel Longitudinal Cross section due to the displacement of the tunnel face can be added with the Transverse cross-section surface Settelment and introduced as the final surface Settelment? in 2D model-numerical method.?

But in the transverse two-dimensional method, we cannot get Settlements dou to face pressure induced by tunnel advanc.

I was going to get the Settlements dou to face pressure from the longitudinal 2D model and add it to the other Settlements Caused by other factors

In the longitudinal section of the tunnel, details and geometries and conditions have been implemented so that only the displacement caused by the face pressure is created and that the shield cone and mortar injection and consolidation are not modeled.

so only max surface settelment in longitudinal cross cestion is occurred due to face pressure It is capable of adding with max surface settelment in transverse cross sestion due to injection pressure and shield cone?

I need some tips on how to analyse and write down a report of a semi-structured interviews, I collected answers and i have to begin to analyse and report the answers, this is a part of my empirical study of my Phd about the integration of informal settlements into the city

Dear All,

When designing structures using computer programs such as CSI SAP2000 or ETABS or any other equivalent software, generally, we input the subgrade modulus in the form of kN/m3. This value can be obtained from the famous Bowles (1996) equation of 40*ultimate bearing capacity. This value corresponds to an allowable settlement of 2.5 cm. However, nowadays, even though soil structure cannot be directly integrated, e.g. using PLAXIS+ETABS or PLAXIS+SAP2000, is it possible to;

The main disadvantage might be the increase of settlements with depth, this leads to, as per the assumption above, several subgrade modulus. I also think softwares like PLAXIS 2D/3D can be really helpful in these situations rather than depending on the assumption of bowles.

Note:

The limit of max horizontal and vertical settlement can you share with me from any code i can get it

Many informal settlements have insufficient capacity to forecast, check, handle and reduce disaster risk. These communities face a growing range of challenges including economic hardship, technological and social impediments, urbanisation, under-development, wildfire, climate change, flooding, drought, geological hazards and the impact of epidemics such as HIV/AIDS and COVID-19, sometimes termed ‘the burden of disease’. The inability of these communities to withstand adversities affects the sustainability of initiatives to develop them.

This is a question I would have asked during my masters degree research on Resilience in Disasters. I would like to know the opinions of other researchers as I would like to properly answer this question in a different research-related topic.

Having surfed the Net, I saw some yardsticks based on which the maximum differential settlement was limited to 50 mm, e.g., Skempton and McDonald (1956). Are there any codes or research studies, letting the design engineers pick a much higher value?

Fitting modeling results of a coupled thermal-mechanical numerical model in COMSOL Multiphysics to field data requires solving a least squared objective function which compares temperature and elevation data to find optimized values of certain parameters.

I need to assign a weight to temperature and settlement data under 'column contribution factor'. Units of Temperature are in K, and those of settlement are in m.

What will be the adjustment factor? 1 K ~ ___ m?

Both values are rounded off to 4 decimal digits.

Thanks,

Simran

The Aim of the title "Physical Planning and Architectural Interventions for Post COVID19 Conditions of Urban Settlements" is to revisit the spatial and socioeconomic strategies for the development of urban areas of post COVID19 conditions of urban settlements. The objective of the paper is to Identification of a Modular approach as an optimum planning unit for the desired density of population to cater the needs of a micro-level planning unit, adequate enough for day to day economic, social and cultural aspects with specific reference to Pandemic Risk Management strategies (PRM) . And also working out a planning framework to derive an appropriate development control rules for post COVID19 development considerations to facilitate the architectural and urban design interventions for settlements at micro-level i.e at module level to facilitate social isolation for safety, security and create healthy outdoor/indoor environment to curb pandemics / biological / chemical pollution oriented disasters. The endemic control model with model building bye-laws/development control rules are essential and crucial for mitigation and as well as to run the business as usual with economic, ecological, social, and physical developments through sustainable parameters. A case study of Guntur and Vijayawada has been taken to understand the preparedness during lockdown period of pandemic COVID19 and appropriate planning interventions to establish sustainable environment through the Principal Component Analysis to understand the vulnerability, livability, resilience, and adaptability to run the urban systems even the highly communicable virus exists in our society through high order mitigation measures.

Hi all,

I am trying to simulate a Static Load Test in Plaxis 2D using MC soil model with increasing loading till 300% of actual load applied.

However, the settlement result that I have obtained from the analysis differs greatly from the actual measured result. The settlement that from the analysis at 100% load is lesser than the actual measurement and the settlement seem to increase exponentially with increasing load till a settlement value much higher than actual measurement.

Can anybody advice why am is there such a problem and how do I go about fine-tuning the parameters to achieve a closer settlement to actual measurement.

Thank you

I am master student of landscape architecture

Subject of my dissertation is : Water and ritual in Rural Settlement

My thesis is about holy spring and ephemeral or intermittent stream

I will be grateful if you aware me each same studies or thesis or landscape Architecture project

For overconsolidated fine-grained soils, the precobsolidation pressure plays a critical role in settlement calculation. Are there new expressions for approximating its value without running a consolidation test.

For amicable settlement of civil dispute, in brief we say ADR (Alternative Dispute Resolution) alternatively for settlement of any criminal matter, can we say ACR (Alternative Conflict Resolution) or we will say ADR in Criminal justice system. Would you please give your valuable opinion.

I am trying to obtain settlement Vs time plot for a pavement subjected to cyclic loading (100,000 cycles) in ABAQUS. I am applying load as periodic amplitude and tried using different step functions (dynamic, direct cyclic) but not getting desired results. Can anyone please tell how to do it?

I've modeled settlement behavior of a homogeneous embannkment dam by plaxis 2d. Now i want to draw settlement - hight graph but there is an increasing trend not at first increasing trend then decreasing trend.i don't know where my problem is.please give me your advises

I did various indoor experiments on sinkhole occurence due to leakage in underground pipelines in various soil profiles.

I got data for all the experiments and now i want to apply neural networking for risk prediction of sinkhole due to leakage in various subsurface soil conditions.

If any one can share their experiences, views, articles, experties, or advices.

Thank you in advance.

Haibat Ali

hi,

I have a project work up to next week you can see the project at pdf. How can I model this soil? I prefer to use CPT213. How can I model the settlement? I am new at Ansys. We used Ansys paramedic language and I add coding of text file too. Are there any examples for making this project it seems too hard?

Energy poverty as seen from the developed world point of view is anchored on access to fuel, in African and Asian countries, fuel is an major economic good outside the reach of the poor; hence how best can energy be measured and defined in the context of settlements and cities in Africa

I am looking for a numerical model, equation or law, which supports the ground subsidence due leakage in underground water pipelines or interaction of water and subsurface soil.

Thank you

I simulated one tunnel in the soil medium, I going to study on the ground surface settelment due to excavation tunnels

Which Constitutive model of the soils (SC-GC) is better? and why?

1. Mohr coulumb (MC)

2. Soft soil

3. Softening strain (SS)

4. Hardening soil (HS)

5.Hardening soil small-stiffness (HS-SS)

6. CY-Soil

7.CH-Soil

8. Druker-prager

9. cam-clay

I tried to find the best way to assess ground subsidence due to backfilled open cut mine spoil settlement? Thank you very much for any suggestion.

Hi, in tunnelling, the surface settlement trough changes its original shape in the presence of surface structure, it is normally caused by rigidity, is there another reason ?

Dear all,

I am working on classifying settlements as seen on satellite data that have no name and also no known population data. So far, I have come to the conclusion that it is possible to do this via counting houses or measuring rough area.

Can someone recommend one method or a different way or give some insight via papers?

Kind regards,

Michèle

My research is related to water dependent creative economic settlement

I am currently reading some relevant papers for a proposed geotechnical monitoring project using InSAR. I have a general knowledge of InSAR application for such problem, and would like to have an in-depth understanding of the entire process. As of now, I would like to know your opinion:

1. What is the most common/recommended InSAR technique for geotechnical monitoring (i.e. landslide monitoring, pavement settlement monitoring)?

2. What criteria do I consider for the type of data set?

3. What appropriate pack of computer software do I need to install and learn to execute the tasks?

3.1 Software for pre-processing of SAR images

3.2 Software for interferometric stack processing

3.3 Software for interferometric analysis

3.4 Miscellaneous software that I could use after obtaining the test results

4. Where do I access and download free SAR images?

5. What type of SAR images do I need to download for interferometry?

6. What should be my desktop PC specifications? I am planning to purchase one for this purpose.

My apologies for asking a bunch of questions. I hope these make sense at all. Your thoughts will be greatly appreciated.

Thank you in advance!

I am carrying out land elegibility for wind and solar power potential for India. I would like to have the shape files (.shp) or raster files (TIFF) to work on GLAES (https://github.com/FZJ-IEK3-VSA/glaes) for the following purposes:

- Settlements (residential buildings and splinter settlements)

- Trade and industrial zones

- Protected zones (wildlife, marine, historic, millitary installations, etc.)

- Forests

- National parks

- Lakes and rivers

- Mining locations

- Power lines

- Existing wind turbine locations

I have already found shape file data for roads, railroads in India.

I am looking out for Co authors who has knowledge in Block Chain for Trade Fiance and Bank Settlements systems .Please do let me know

Rajesh Pai

Most refugee camps globally are situated in water scarce areas with the main sources of water being boreholes and shallow wells. what are the possible water quality research areas within these settlements.

The allowable bearing capacity of soils were calculated by considering the minimum of bearing capacity which is obtained by shearing and settlement. For sandy soils the well known Vesic' s formula S=(I.q.b.(1-v²)/E_s) were used to back calculate the q for different width of foundation. but, for clay soils its more complicated. I want to know how can I derive the ultimate bearing capacity corresponding to consolidation settlement of cohesive soils?

btw, my research topic is the 'preserving the landscape physical quality to enhance the social sustainability in the traditional Malay settlement in Kuala Terengganu' . anyone have any articles related to my study?

Thanks

Najiha

I am looking to monitor the subsidence of ground for that i want to place some sensors underground, so with the passage of time if there is any sort of movement or subsidence inside the soil strata sensors can detect it.

Sensors must be able to work wireless.

One example i found was accelerometer but i am still confused which sensors is the best option for above objective.

Thank you so much in advance

Ali

I tried to input my motion data into Quake/W which is obtained from PEER database that scaled already, when I input it into the program, it becomes skipped without any notice. the analysis says solved but there is no results appear or even deformed mesh. and then I tried to input other motions from example file from Geostudio, and the runs are success, then I discovered that the problem is in my input motion, but I don't know what is wrong it. If you have any idea about this problem, please give me some explanations. Thank you so much

Can anyone suggest me a good numerical modelling software capable of doing a 3D settlement analysis of a sedimentary basin where buildings slump due to self weight consolidation as the study area is formed completely by sedimentary (clay) material brought down by river discharge.

This study is a PhD research on the settlement history and material culture of the Middle-Niger Area of Nigeria.

My question is based on the regulation of Indonesia general election supervisory body called Bawaslu RI (Badan Pengawas Pemilihan Umum Republik Indonesia) No. 8/2018 on settlement of administrative violations of general election, Article 64. Which stipulate if there is any party who is not satisfied with the verdict made out by the first stage court conduct by the provincial/district Bawaslu (only applied to the party who is act as the reporter party or the reported party in the case). could ask a favour to the Bawaslu RI as the appeal court to correct the verdict made out by the Provincial/Regency Bawaslu as the first stage court. But, in the process of correction of the verdict by the Indonesian Election Supervisory Body (Bawaslu RI). they are not obliged to present the parties which involved in this case, they will only strengthen the verdict made by the provincial or district Bawaslu or correct the verdict by examining the verdict documents and evidence presented in the first stage court. without presenting the parties involved in the case (in other words, they did not apply the audi of alteram et partem principle).

I'm interested in ideas about the ethics of Mars colonization or settlement, and perhaps colonization of other objects int he solar system such as the moon. Do we have, as some argue (like Elon Musk), a moral obligation to colonize Mars in order to ensure the continuation of our species? Are there reasons we should not colonize Mars or other bodies in the solar system? I'm interested in the moral aspects of colonization and expansion into the solar system.