Sensitivity - Science topic

The non-Oberbeck-Boussinesq effects on the linear stability of a vertical natural convection boundary layer are investigated using the linearised disturbance equation for water flows up to a temperature difference of = 40 K at two ambient temperatures, ∞ = 293 K and ∞ = 333 K. Results reveal that the instability of the natural convection boundary l...

A novel, cost‐effective and environment‐friendly method for fabrication of highly efficient surface‐enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) substrates is introduced. It is based on high‐voltage spark discharges between a metal pin and a conductive substrate distributed across the desired area with the aid of a 3D positioning device. The developed substr...

The intuition that knowledge requires the satisfaction of some sort of anti-luck condition is widely shared. I examine the claim that modal robustness is sufficient for satisfying this condition: for a true belief to be non-luckily true, it is sufficient that this belief is safe and sensitive. I argue that this claim is false by arguing that, at le...

This report examines the intersection of spatial segregation and urban nature conservation in the Cape Flats, centering on Manenberg and the Edith Stephens Nature Reserve (ESNR). It questions how urban nature reserves, sensitively developed, can prioritize spatial justice and community-driven resourcefulness over profit-focused urban planning.

By enhancing the catalytic efficiency of the Fe 3 O 4 /Au nanozyme using a corresponding V-structure in the microfluidic chip, a colorimetric method was built on an integrated microfluidic platform for sensitive biosensing of Salmonella typhimurium .

Knowing what you know is a significant part of learning and a component of many learning theories. In this work, we explored 3.5-year-old’s metacognition of word learning to understand children’s confidence over recently learned novel words and explore the experimental conditions in which young children can show metacognitive abilities. After novel...

This paper is concerned with the syntactic and semantic properties of the degree adverb ‘oldukça’ in Turkish. In previous descriptive work, this adverb has been assigned various interpretations such as ‘quite’, ‘rather’ and ‘fairly’, generally appearing in the modifier position of another element. However, what is actually interesting about this le...

In this paper, we investigate the effects of $\nu_\tau$ and $\bar{\nu}_\tau$ detection at the DUNE far detector on the experiment's sensitivity to Non-Standard Interactions (NSI) in neutrino propagation. We show that the strongest observable NSI effect in the $\nu_\tau$ and $\bar{\nu}_\tau$ appearance probabilities arises from $\epsilon_{\mu\tau}$....

We live in unprecedented times in terms of our ability to use evidence to inform medical care. For example, we can perform data-driven post-test probability calculations. However, there is work to do. In current studies, sensitivity and specificity, which play a key role in post-test probability calculations, are defined as unadjusted for patient c...

We begin with a retrospective analysis of three major U.S. airline mergers and document the sensitivity of the findings, particularly questioning whether market conditions evolve similarly for treated and control markets. We then develop a structural model that clarifies this and other assumptions implicit in retrospective analyses and separates ef...

A high-sensitivity demodulation method for the vibration-induced frequency shift of an optoelectronic oscillator (OEO) using an acousto-optic modulator (AOM) has been proposed and experimentally demonstrated. This is achieved by separating the optical carrier (OC) and the first-order sideband, directing them into the reference and sensing arms of a...

The Latent Diffusion Model (LDM) has demonstrated strong capabilities in high-resolution image generation and has been widely employed for Pose-Guided Person Image Synthesis (PGPIS), yielding promising results. However, the compression process of LDM often results in the deterioration of details, particularly in sensitive areas such as facial featu...

Elites disproportionately influence policymaking, yet little is known about their fairness and efficiency preferences -- key determinants of support for redistributive policies. We investigate these preferences using an incentivized lab experiment with a group of future elites -- Ivy League MBA students. We find that elites implement more unequal e...

Conceptual design investigation, focused on the impact of flexibility for the semi-submersible concept. A very important advantage of this concept with respect to upscaling is that the floater stiffness towards rigid body rotation scales with the fourth power of the dimensions. This means that unlike most other wind turbine components, the floater...

Masses, magnetic moments and color-spin structures of nonstrange and strange tetraquarks with two heavy quarks are systematically studied in QCD string picture with chromomagnetic interaction. Our mass computations combined with weak and radiative decays indicate that there are two doubly-heavy tetraquarks, the bottom-charmed tetraquark $T_{cb}(717...

Exergy analysis of three cylinder steam turbine segments is performed in this research. The highest mechanical power of 47389.66 kW is developed in the first segment (Seg. I, which actually represents the entire HPC-High Pressure Cylinder). Intermediate Pressure Cylinder (IPC) is the dominant mechanical power producer of all cylinders and it develo...

We extend the framework of augmented distribution testing (Aliakbarpour, Indyk, Rubinfeld, and Silwal, NeurIPS 2024) to the differentially private setting. This captures scenarios where a data analyst must perform hypothesis testing tasks on sensitive data, but is able to leverage prior knowledge (public, but possibly erroneous or untrusted) about...

We aim to find the ideal parameters that will yield the best sensitivity for surface plasmon resonance measurements using attenuated total reflection. Several geometries and parameters are explored. Prism and metal choices are explored over a range of relative permittivities. In addition, the effect of frequency on sensitivity and, finally, the add...

Although the unique structure of helicenes resembles molecular springs, the effects of their extension–contraction cycles on their properties have rarely been explored. Here, we investigated the fluorescence of two π‐extended [n]helicenes with different helical lengths n, named [7] and [9], under high pressures in a diamond anvil cell. The experime...

We propose a novel method for enhancing phase estimation in the displacement-assisted SU(1,1) [DSU(1,1)] interferometer by incorporating the photon recycling technique, evaluated under both single-intensity detection (SID) and homodyne detection (HD) schemes. Our analysis shows that utilizing the photon recycling technique, the photon-recycled DSU(...

Multiple signal detection methods are known for lateral flow immunoassays (LFIAs), with colorimetric approaches dominating the field. However, their limited sensitivity is a remaining challenge. Fluorescence-based signaling is regarded as...

The universe's mathematical framework-general relativity, quantum mechanics, and the Standard Model-relies on specific constants (e.g., G, α) and symmetries (e.g., Lorentz invariance). We propose the Constrained Cosmos hypothesis: these rules are not arbitrary but a highly constrained set, essential for physical stability. We test this via: (1) the...

The impact of locally pozzolanic materials on the activation energy of lime cement, with Grade 32.5, was assessed in the fresh and hardened phases of paste and mortar, respectively. The activation energy is used to represent the relationship between the strength gain of concrete over time and temperature sensitivity. Two proportions of mixed pozzol...

CP violation in the charm sector is highly sensitive to new physics due to its small predicted value within the standard model. By this work, we investigated the CP violation in the cascade decay process $$D^0(t_1) \rightarrow \pi ^0 K(t_2) \rightarrow \pi ^0(\pi ^\pm \ell ^\mp \nu )$$ D 0 ( t 1 ) → π 0 K ( t 2 ) → π 0 ( π ± ℓ ∓ ν ) . Our results i...

We introduce a highly sensitive mean-reverting stochastic model under the influence of two uncorrelated Brownian motions. However, due to its structural complexity and analytical intractability, we develop new mathematical techniques to investigate into the properties of the true and numerical solutions. Moreover, we show that, for a sufficiently s...

A bstract A standard model effective field theory (SMEFT) analysis with dimension-six operators probing nonresonant new physics effects is performed in the Higgs-strahlung process, where the Higgs boson is produced in association with a W or Z boson, in proton-proton collisions at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV. The final states in which the W o...

Wide-orbit planets are particularly sensitive to detection by the Roman Galactic Bulge Time Domain Survey (GBTDS). This study investigates the degeneracy of these events with binary sources, focusing on how observation cadence affects the resolution of these degeneracies. We analyzed the impact of various cadences from (3.6 min)^(-1) to (5 hr)^(-1)...

Children learn linguistic structures from the input they receive. Their learning may depend on several factors such as children’s sensitivity to structure in the input, prior language experience, and the consistency of linguistic structures in the input. In this study, we investigated how inconsistent input (i.e., substitution errors) in an artific...

In interval decision analysis, where input information is provided in terms of intervals or similar formats to represent imprecise input statements instead of using precise numbers for probabilities and consequence values, a vast array of techniques to conduct robustness and sensitivity analysis has emerged. At the same time, it is not straightforw...

VERITAS began full-scale operations in 2007 and it remains one of the world's most sensitive very-high-energy (VHE; E >100 GeV) gamma-ray observatories. More than 8,300 hours (~50%) of its good-weather data were targeted on active galactic nuclei (AGN). Many of these observations were taken as part of an ongoing comprehensive program to discover ne...

Within the perturbative QCD (PQCD) framework, we present a systematic investigation of charmless $$B_s \rightarrow SP$$ B s → S P decays, where S and P denote scalar and pseudoscalar mesons, respectively. By employing two distinct structural scenarios for scalar mesons, we calculate the branching fractions and direct CP asymmetries for these proces...

We study the CP asymmetries of the rare top-quark decays $$t \rightarrow c \gamma $$ t → c γ and $$t \rightarrow cg$$ t → c g in the aligned two-Higgs-doublet model (A2HDM), which is generically characterized by new sources of CP violation beyond the Standard Model (SM). Specifically, the branching ratios and CP asymmetries of these rare top-quark...

The insula is critical for integrating sensory information from the body with that arising from the environment. Although previous studies suggest that posterior insula is sensitive to sounds, auditory response properties of insula neurons have not previously been reported. Here, we provide the first report of a population of human single neuron da...

Recently (Ahmed et al. in Stat Theory Methods 47:324–343, 2018) have discussed the problem of estimating the means of two sensitive variables simultaneously by using two uncorrelated scrambling variables. In this study, we introduce a new idea that use of correlated scrambling variables in randomized response techniques play an important role to in...

Nanophotonic sensor for detection of trypsin enzyme.

Fabrication of a three-dimensional SERS-active substrate with uniform gold hemispherical nanostructures for the sensitive detection of cardiovascular disease biomarkers at low concentrations.

In this paper, we study the $$B^{0} \rightarrow J/\psi h_{1}$$ B 0 → J / ψ h 1 decays for the first time by using perturbative QCD approach up to the presently known next-to-leading order accuracy. The vertex corrections present significant contribution to the amplitude. In the calculation, the mixing between two light axial-vector mesons $$h_{1}(1...

Certain herbicides (graminicides) inhibit the acetyl-coenzyme A carboxylase which starts de novo fatty acid biosynthesis in plants, this particularly in grasses. These are cyclohexane-1,3-diones such as cycloxydim and sethoxydim as well aryloxyphenoxypropionic acid derivatives such as diclofop and fluazifop which block the incorporation of 14C acet...

We study the modifications of Rydberg EIT resonances in non-collinear geometry in which the two required optical fields cross at a small non-zero angle. We observe a strong broadening and amplitude reduction even for small angles when compared to exact counter-propagating and co-propagating collinear geometries. We confirm that such EIT peak deteri...

This study investigates the effect of occupational exposure to pyrethroid insecticides on the blood chemo-profiles of workers in the Jazan region. This study was conducted to examine this issue, and workers were divided into exposure groups based on how long they had been employed—from one to two years to more than eight years. Blood samples were a...

Using quantum technologies (QTs) to solve problems related to climate change is a key goal for many physicists at the research and development stage. Recent research anticipates numerous real-world applications for quantum technologies that will address climate change and further sustainable development goals. However, currently there is no guiding...

A study to estimate the prevalence of Asymptomatic Bacteriuria (ASB) and identify risk factors and causative microorganisms relating to ASB and identify the microorganisms and their sensitivity pattern in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D) Short title: Asis Mitra et al., Microbiological pattern and risk factors for asymptomatic bacteriuria (ASB) ABSTRA...

We establish new Strichartz estimates for orthonormal systems on compact Riemannian manifolds in the case of wave, Klein-Gordon and fractional Schr\"odinger equations. Our results generalize the classical (single-function) Strichartz estimates on compact manifolds by Kapitanski, Burq-G\'erard-Tzvetkov, Dinh, and extend the Euclidean orthonormal ver...

The diagnosis of brain tumours is an extremely sensitive and complex clinical task that must rely upon information gathered through non-invasive techniques. One such technique is magnetic resonance, in the modalities of imaging or spectroscopy. The latter provides plenty of metabolic information about the tumour tissue, but its high dimensionality...

Different from the previous treatment in a two-body framework, we introduce the dimeson distribution amplitudes (DAs) to describe the strong dynamics between the S-wave resonances a 0 ( 980 , 1450 ) and the K K ¯ ( π η ) pair, where the Gegenbauer coefficient required is determined from the experimental data on the timelike form factors involved. T...

ABSTRAK Kerja-kerja Tanggungjawab Sosial Universiti adalah tanggungjawab warga universiti bagi meningkatkan tahap kemahiran berinteraksi dikalangan masyarakat. Ia juga dapat mendidik terutama di kalangan pelajar untuk meningkatkan lagi kemahiran mereka berinteraksi serta bersosial bersama masyarakat. Ini adalah sangat penting terutama kepada pelaja...

We construct a dual-color light-up biosensor for label-free and sensitive detection of multiple piRNAs. This biosensor exhibits high sensitivity with a limit of detection of 3.19 aM for piRNA-36026 and...

Despite its advantages, value-based pricing is rarely used in practice. This paper examines how pricing capabilities and contingency factors influence the success of value-based pricing. Based on a cross-sectional business-to-business (B2B) survey the study tests a model that incorporates value quantification capability and sales force negotiation...

In this article I highlights a critical concern: using major platforms like Microsoft or Google for handling and investigate highly sensitive, violent content (like CSAM) is risky. These platforms often have automated scanning and reporting mechanisms that could trigger legal action. I suggests that specialized, less mainstream tools are essential...

We derive analytically some general features of the power-law sensitivity curve. They include an exact parametric equation, a formula for the peak sensitivity and a proof of convexity in log-log plot. A few conceptual points are also clarified.

Have you experienced recovery from troublesome and powerful subjective beliefs, typically diagnosed as 'psychotic delusions', without medication? Making sense of such thoughts will no doubt have involved highly sensitive, nuanced, and creative experiences on your part to understand and integrate them comfortably. If you have such experience, it cou...

The asymptotic behaviour of the solutions of the Duffing-type equation y''(t) + δy'(t) + (σ + ε(t)) y(t) + y(t)^3 = F(t) for a.e. t ≥ 0, where δ ≥ 0, σ > 0 and ε is bounded and nonnegative, is investigated. When F ≡ 0, if ε is infinitesimal at infinity it is shown that both vanishing (for t → +∞) and unbounded solutions may exist, while this scenar...

Fluorescent π-conjugated polymers (FCPs) are known for their superior brightness but are still unavailable for highly multiplexed molecular imaging in single cells as they are hydrophobic and lack targeting capability toward biomolecules. Herein, we develop a π-conjugated polymer-based amplification (POSA) method to achieve highly multiplexed signa...

In magnetic resonance experiments, it is widely recognized that a nonuniform magnetic field can lead to an increase in the resonance line width, as well as a reduction in sensitivity and spectral resolution. However, a nonuniform magnetic field can also cause shifts in resonance frequency, which has received far less attention. In this work, we inv...

This paper describes the current performances of the ground based interferometric gravitational wave (GW) detectors in the low frequency region (from 10 Hz to 100 Hz). The detectors’ design sensitivity, where only fundamental noises contribute, is currently not achieved by any of them, which are instead limited by control noise. In the following, t...

The multi-messenger approach has recently paved the way for possible breakthroughs in our comprehension of high energy particle emission in the Universe. Neutrino telescopes are essential for highlighting the hadronic component of these phenomena, in addition to testing possible correlation with known sources of gamma rays. Joint analyses of data f...

Large Language Model (LLM) based judges form the underpinnings of key safety evaluation processes such as offline benchmarking, automated red-teaming, and online guardrailing. This widespread requirement raises the crucial question: can we trust the evaluations of these evaluators? In this paper, we highlight two critical challenges that are typica...

This paper explores the dynamics of 2D spatiotemporal discrete systems, focusing on the stability and bifurcations of periodic solutions, particularly 3-cycles. After introducing the concept of a third-order cycle, we discuss both numerical and analytical techniques used to analyze these cycles, defining four types of 3-periodic points and their as...

Background Tall fescue is sensitive to sowing depth and, in the Pampas region of Argentina, its sowing is often delayed from autumn (average air temperature 18.5°C) to winter (average air temperature 10.0°C). Since tall fescue is sensitive to the sowing depth, and temperature determines the emergence period, this study aimed to evaluate the effect...

This study investigates the link between terrorist attacks and public interest in radical Islam and violent extremism, using monthly data from 150 countries between 2004 and 2015. Employing a dynamic common correlated effects (DCCE) estimator to account for potential cross-country correlations, our analysis reveals that attacks carried out in the n...

The Cherenkov Telescope Array Observatory (CTAO) is the upcoming next-generation ground-based gamma-ray observatory. CTAO will have two sites, one located in the northern hemisphere in the Roque de los Muchachos Observatory, La Palma (Spain) and a sourthern site in Paranal (Chile). CTAO will count on improved sensitivity, angular and spectral resol...

Traditional spectral clustering algorithms are sensitive to the similarity matrix, which impacts their performance. To address this, a local adaptive fuzzy spectral clustering (FSC) method is introduced, incorporating a fuzzy index to reduce this sensitivity. FSC also simplifies the traditional process through a local adaptive framework, optimizing...

We present an acousto-optic frequency comb readout scheme synthesized from multiple intra-comb beat measurements using digitally enhanced heterodyne interferometry. The readout scheme enables a single acousto-optic frequency comb to achieve a compression factor, which normally requires a dual comb measurement scheme. We demonstrate an absorption me...

As part of the research, a computer-based color vision test—DSCVT—was developed, enabling the assessment of color vision using stimulus with static and dynamic luminance contrast noise. Comparing the DSCVT test results to the anomaloscope and CAD tests, the static stimulus version of the DSCVT test demonstrated 100% sensitivity and 82% specificity,...

This study explores using transformer models to analyze data from the KM3NeT/ORCA neutrino telescope. Due to the increasing detector’s size, reconstructing neutrino events is challenging. By training models on simulations for the full detector (115 detection units) and fine-tuning them on smaller configurations, significant performance improvements...

Single-photon detectors that operate in the Geiger-mode provide a large potential for low-light detection. However, the detection rate is affected and limited by the inherent dead-time of the detector. This work compares simulation with experimental results to demonstrate the dependence of the effective efficiency of the single-photon avalanche-dio...

The DWIA formalism for computing the cross sections in electroproduction of hypernuclei used before for lighter (p-shell and sd-shell) systems is utilized in studying electroproduction on heavier targets such as $^{52}$Cr, and $^{208}$Pb. First, the effects from kaon distortion and kinematics are re-examined and then results for the heavy targets a...

A bstract Recent high-precision cosmological data tighten the bound to neutrino masses and start rising a tension to the results of lab-experiment measurements, which may hint new physics in the role of neutrinos during the structure formation in the universe. A scenario with massless sterile neutrinos was proposed to alleviate the cosmological bou...

Companies need to monitor their financial performance and update their strategies to establish sustainable financial structures. Therefore, they analyze their financial performance using various analytical approaches. This study examines financial performance analysis using the MCDM (Multi-Criteria Decision-Making) approach to observe companies' fi...

Diffusion models are powerful generative models but often generate sensitive data that are unwanted by users, mainly because the unlabeled training data frequently contain such sensitive data. Since labeling all sensitive data in the large-scale unlabeled training data is impractical, we address this problem by using a small amount of labeled sensi...

The objective of the present study was to investigate the effect of inlet to outlet key slope ratios ( S i / S o ), inlet to outlet key width ratios ( W i / W o ) and head over the weir on the coefficient of discharge ( C pkw ) of type-A trapezoidal piano key weir (TPKW). It was observed that the C pkw of TPKW was found to be decreased as the S i /...

Machine learning models deployed locally on social media applications are used for features, such as face filters which read faces in-real time, and they expose sensitive attributes to the apps. However, the deployment of machine learning models, e.g., when, where, and how they are used, in social media applications is opaque to users. We aim to ad...

This work aims to design and develop a simple but effective strategy for the selective and sensitive detection of glutathione (GSH) in aqueous medium by exploiting fluorescent bimetallic nanoparticles. To achieve this, water‐soluble, fluorescent silver‐capped gold nanoparticles (F−AgAu) has been synthesized and characterized through conventional me...

The compact directed acyclic word graphs (CDAWG) [Blumer et al. 1987] of a string is the minimal compact automaton that recognizes all the suffixes of the string. CDAWGs are known to be useful for various string tasks including text pattern searching, data compression, and pattern discovery. The CDAWG-grammar [Belazzougui & Cunial 2017] is a gramma...

This paper presents a new data set that measures inequality levels in the city-state of Delos at two different points in time during the period of its independence (314-167 BCE). We propose a new approach for quantifying ancient inequality and its evolution by relying on inscriptions that indicate property data and artisanal remunerations. A probab...

Securing your sensitive data in 2025