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Dates: 1–4. September 2025.
New proposal submission deadline: 30 April 2025.
Conference Venue: University of Miskolc, Hungary
Keynote Speaker:
Claude Romano (Université Paris-Sorbonne / Australian Catholic University)
Plenary Speakers:
Gaetano Chiurazzi (University of Turin / Collège International de Philosophie, Paris)
Gert-Jan van der Heiden (Radboud University Nijmegen)
François Raffoul (Louisiana State University)
Daniela Vallega-Neu (University of Oregon)
Organizing Committee:
Chair:
Miklós Nyírő (University of Miskolc)
Members:
Gaetano Chiurazzi (University of Turin; Collège International de Philosophie, Paris)
Csongor Lőrincz (Humboldt University, Berlin)
Zsuzsanna Lurcza (University of Miskolc)
Péter Makai (University of Miskolc)
Daniel Neumann (University of Graz)
Wojciech Sowa (Jagiellonian University, Krakow)
Tamás Ullmann (Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest)
Miklós Vassányi (Károli Gáspár University of the Reformed Church in Hungary, Budapest)
Topic Description
The conference focuses on the aspects and significance of the concept of “event” and the various ways in which events are mediated, covering a vast field of phenomena and the pertaining disciplines. For a detailed topic description, please visit the conference website: https://eventandmediation.uni-miskolc.hu/EN
Possible topics include, but are not limited to:
Continental event-philosophy
· Reconstructions of and critical engagements with past continental approaches to the concept of the event (Bergson, Whitehead, Heidegger, Gadamer, Blanchot, Badiou, Merleau-Ponty, Deleuze, Derrida, Marion, Nancy, Richir, Malabou, Romano, Tengelyi, etc.).
· Contributions to a conceptual history/typology of the different event concepts.
· Analysis of the metaphysical, ontological, phenomenological, and socio-critical dimensions of the event.
· The phenomenality, temporality, and the space-binding aspects of the event.
· The subjective aspect of the experience of the event (linking the concept of the event with the subjective processes of genetic phenomenology, the problems of language, the unconscious, and the existential).
· Study of various instances of “medial agency” (as a full-fledged agent being sub-jected to events) and “medial dispositions”.
· Consequences of event-philosophies for our understanding of the modes of human responsibility, personhood, and moral identity.
Analytic event-philosophy
· Reconstructions of and critical engagements with past analytic approaches to the concept of event (Davidson, Quine, Kim, etc.).
· The basic metaphysical structure of events (concrete particulars, abstract entities, hybrid nature, ontologically simple); the metaphysical constituents of events; the role of participants, time, and properties in defining an event.
· The individuating criteria of events (over time, across different contexts, different possible worlds); the role causation and spatiotemporal regions, respectively, play in individuating events; issues of negative causes and negative events; issues of overlapping or nested events.
· How do events fit into broader ontological categories, or do they constitute a sui generis one; are events fundamentally different from objects, states of affairs, or facts; do all events involve changes of some sort, or there are static events?
· Related topics from other analytic fields: action-theory (e.g., human actions as events, different from mere happenings and bodily movements); philosophy of mind (e.g., distinct mental events’ relation to physical events in the outer world and in the brain); philosophy of language (e. g., the role of linguistic elements – verbs, tenses, adverbs, etc. – in event semantics, and the way they alter the conceptualization of events).
Philology
· Philologically demonstrable instances that support the hypothesis of the “medial” nature of the ancient worldview, or its decline.
· The semantics of the middle voice, and the ways humans perceived it in cognitive terms.
· The Greek perception in grammatical literature (so in ancient science) affecting the Latin and medieval thought.
· Aspects of change of the verbal systems over the ages of the language and cultural developments.
· The relation of the middle voice to the passive in different languages.
· Comparison of the middle voice and the so-called ergative structure (in Basque, Georgian, Mayan, Tibetan, etc.).
Religious Studies
· What is an “event” in religion; what are the foundational events of a religion and why?
· How, by what events, is the history of God interconnected with the history of the world?
· What is the (transcendental) significance of ritual events?
· What are the tokens of a mystical event in the several religions of mankind?
· The relation between “medial disposition” and religiosity: is there a sense in which a religious believer is neither active nor passive in a religious event; is the acceptance of the operation of divine grace a “medial” event; is the religious experience of mystics a medial experience?
· Traces of the “medial worldview” in diverse aspects of Christian medieval, and any other cultures.
· The religious significance of the Greek middle voice (mesotes) in the Bible.
Medial philosophy of culture and technology
· The cultural transition from homo ludens to homo laborans and its implications on cultural identity, alienation, and reification.
· Study of the concept of play and its role in the formation of culture (Huizinga, Nietzsche, Heidegger, Fink, Gadamer, Derrida, Winnicott, Dewey, etc.).
· Play in the contemporary digital world: risks and opportunities.
· The “medial” role of tools and techniques in the formation of the cultural environment.
· The symbolic character of technical objects: the origin of symbolization, technique and the process of hominization (Leroi-Gourhan, Stiegler, Simondon, etc.), meaning and loss of meaning in the technological world.
Literary and Cultural Theory
· Medial cultural techniques that make visible, even generate events through a – symbolic or analog, more recently digital – recording (cf. Kittler) or through representation.
· Mediality creating the event, and the event “using” mediality, displacing its conventional or pre-coded forms of being.
· Language as a performative medium or a medium for performativity.
· The limits of language arrived at in or from the event, and the finitude of the event manifested from language.
· Biopoetics of the event as manifested in literary texts.
· Natural history (Naturgeschichte) as a category of event in literature.
· The linguistic event between singularity and iterability, performativity and virtual embodiment.
· The corporeal, embodiment modes of the event with anthropological implications (Agamben, etc.).
· The event inscribed in public structures (because of its mediality) and its latency.
Abstracts/Proposals
The organizing committee invites proposals for papers (lasting no longer than 20 minutes), thematic panels, and book panels addressing the conference themes outlined in the Call for Papers.
Interested speakers should submit a 400-500 word Abstract and a max. 150 word Biographical Note. On the Abstract, please indicate the preferred area of expertise for abstract evaluation (Continental Philosophy / Analytic Philosophy / Philology / Religious Studies / Literary and Cultural Studies).
Scholars are only allowed to present one paper in the conference. An exception may be made if a scholar is also providing commentary at a book panel.
PhD students, postdoctoral fellows, and independent scholars are also invited to submit proposals.
Submit your Abstract and Biographical Note to eventandmediation2025abstract@uni-miskolc.hu
Extended deadline for submission: 30 April 2025.
A confirmation will be sent to your email address within two days. If you do not receive it within two days after completing the submission, first please check your spam folder, and contact the organizing committee (at eventandmediation2025@uni-miskolc.hu ) only if you do not find the confirmation.
Selected submissions will be confirmed by 15 May 2025.
The working language of the conference is English. The conference will be a four-day, in-person event.
Conference Proceedings
The conference proceedings comprising selected papers will be published as an open-access electronic publication.
Deadline for submission of written articles: 30 September 2025.
Registration
Registration fee for lecturers: 65 Euro (early bird: by 30 June 2025);
85 Euro (full fee, by 31 July 2025).
PhD students, postdoctoral fellows, and independent scholars must also register, but their registration is free.
Registration opens on 15 April 2025.
Registration is online, through the registration page on the conference website (https://eventandmediation.uni-miskolc.hu/EN). Payment will be possible through online credit card payment. Bank charge is: 3,8%.
The registration fee covers access to the whole program, catering at the coffee breaks, lunches, and the reception dinner.
Proposals whose authors do not register by 31 July 2025, will be removed from the program.
Important dates:
30 April 2025 – Extended deadline for proposal submissions
15 May 2025 – Decision on proposals
30 June 2025 – Deadline for early registration (early bird fee)
31 July 2025 – Deadline for late registration (full fee)
31 August 2025 – Arrival
1-4 September 2025 – CONFERENCE
30 September 2025 – Deadline for submission of written articles
Contact
For further inquiries, please contact Zsuzsanna Lurcza or Péter Makai via the following email: eventandmediation2025@uni-miskolc.hu
Can somebody tell me if the wave-particle duality is caused by the collapse of the wave function?
How can matter behave in two ways, it doesn't make sense. It has to have a single description.
The line of thought here is that modern physics, despite its groundbreaking discoveries and advancements, faces several challenges that undermine its effectiveness and clarity.
Sugested Weaknesses
1. Lack of Clear Objectives
Modern physics often lacks well-defined objectives in its educational and instructional materials. For instance, the dynamics section focuses on concepts like momentum and kinetic energy, but these objectives are not consistently reflected in textbooks or official science manuals. This ambiguity can lead to confusion among students and researchers about what they aim to achieve in their studies.
### 2. Weak Sense of Aim
While physicists may have specific goals, such as proving a theory or discovering new particles, a deeper, overarching aim is often missing. This lack of a unified vision can result in fragmented research efforts, where scientists may not fully appreciate how their work contributes to the broader understanding of the universe.
### 3. Abstract and Vague Concepts
Key concepts in physics, like mass and energy, are often abstract and definition-dependent. Mass, for example, is frequently misunderstood as a state (e.g., solid) rather than a measurable property. This confusion arises because these concepts are more theoretical than conceptual, making them difficult to grasp intuitively.
### 4. Disorganization and Lack of Unification
Physicists often engage in diverse, non-convergent activities, reflecting a lack of organization within the discipline. The failure to unify its branches (e.g., quantum mechanics and general relativity) and the proliferation of spontaneous initiatives without a robust, interconnected vision hinder the progress of physics. This disorganization can lead to inefficiencies and a lack of cohesion in research efforts.
Conclusion
Among the sugested primary weaknesses in modern physics are its lack of clear objectives and a unified sense of purpose.
Key concepts such as mass and energy are often purported as abstract and definition-dependent, leading to confusion.
Additionally, the discipline may suffer from disorganization, with diverse research efforts lacking a robust, interconnected vision.
It is interesting to study further how these challenges may hinder the progress of physics and proposes a need for clearer objectives and a more cohesive approach to research.
Britannica defines materialism as the view that 'all facts (including facts about the human mind and will and the course of human history) are causally dependent upon physical processes, or even reducible to them'.
The issue with this definition is the use of 'physical processes'. What is physical process? Are there non-physical processes? How could anyone even begin to test for that, no matter what it means. It seems to me that there are processes, either known or unknown to us. If they interact with what our senses (and/or scientific instruments which are an extension of our senses) they can be detected. If not, we can simply know nothing about them. Thus, calling known processes physical does not seem to add anything. By extension, materialism makes not sense either. There in only the world, and the facts within it, either known, or unknown. Maybe also parallel universes, but I digress.
I seldom bother other people with questions and especially requests to read my paper. This time I decided to do so. I wrote in 2008 a proof of the Riemann Hypothesis and revised it this year. The paper was from 6. May 2020 to 28. Agu 2020 in the Annals of Mathematics, the Princeton journal. After 13 weeks I asked if the paper just got lost somewhere, but they assured that it is in review. After 16 weeks they rejected the paper with the form used for papers not taken to review, so no referee statement, suggestion to submit it elsewhere, and wish you good luck. It is certainly possible that the Annals just kept it somewhere without reviewing and lied when I asked them, it is possible that they found a fatal error and just for fun suggested bothering other journals, but both of these cases show rather immature sense of humor. I hope the editors of the Annals have better grasp of scientific ethics. Thus, maybe they were uncertain. If so, it was probably because of the proof of lemma 2 that was somewhat unclear. Now I have written a new and very clear proof of Lemma 2. It is the only place where the paper could possibly have an error and the place where the error could be is pages 10-13, but I find no error. Could somebody check those pages? The paper is
Deleted research item The research item mentioned here has been deleted
It is 14 pages, all but the proof of lemma 2 are certainly correct. It takes some half an hour to check the whole paper.
Thanks,
Jorma Jormakka
I'm trying to explain organic molecule's adsorption onto activated carbon based on chemical parameters, and I found a good correlation between the adsorption amount and topological polar surface area (TPSA).
However, this parameter is used only to explain pharmaceutical absorption and not for different groups of organic molecules. Instead, electron density has been studied as a very important element in adsorption phenomena.
Can these two parameters be correlative? Does it make sense to consider adsorption and some pesticides TPSA, for example?
Any help would be significant to me.
Thanks.
Are we sure that Planck's results don't allow us to calculate it?
A successful teacher has a sense of humor. So, leave aside excessive seriousness and create an atmosphere of fun in the classroom. This leaves a good impression on the learners’ psyche that may extend even after they graduate from university.
# 181
363 – Suggested procedure for choosing the most appropriate MCDM method to solve a certain problem
Author: Nolberto Munier
This is an old problem still unsolved, and probably never will; we continue using current MCDM methods that cannot model reality properly. The present paper proposes a methodology to clarify this issue by following a procedure called ‘Analysis and Concentration on the Main Objective’ (ACMO).
“The formulation of a problem is often more essential than its solution, which maybe a matter of mathematical or experimental skill”
Albert Einstein
ACMO uses a principle, that as far as this author knowledge, has never been enunciated before, that can be defined as ‘Finding the objective that best reflects the purpose of the project’. That is, the criterion or objective that embodies or epitomizes what the project is aimed to. Alternatives are subject to a set of criteria of the most different nature related to economics, engineering, financing, environment, health, government, sustainability, transportation, food, social issues, manufacturing, mining, etc. However, normally, among all criteria or objectives (both are equivalents), there is one that best interpret the purpose of the project, whatever it might be.
Examples:
· Take an investor with a portfolio of projects involving the erection of tall buildings in a mix of dissimilar constructions; he wants to invest according to his available capital, and thus, this is his main concern, of course, earnings are very important, but there will be no earnings if funds are not enough to finish a project.
Therefore, the amount of necessary investment is the most important issue. Naturally, the undertaking is also subject to have a decent Internal Rate of Return (IRR), and this could possibly be the second most important objective, and of course, when all projects complying with social and environmental regulations, to taking into account different risks, as well as exogenous factors.
There maybe other motivations like expanding, exporting, entering in a new market, etc.; it is not a matter of guessing, but in asking oneself, what do I want? what is my aim, what is the purpose of this project? what is the initial idea, necessity or vision that triggered this project?
Other developers aim for a good return of funds invested, probably the most significative is the Internal Rate of Return (IRR), or entering in the agroindustry or producing software, etc.
As said, there might be a second most significant criterion or objective, and even a third, which is convenient, because when performing the sensitivity analysis (SA), he may find that the maximum IRR is closely associated to volatile or uncertain criteria, like a potential scarcity of concrete, or not enough demand of apartments, and then, he might incline for developing an industrial park, or any other undertaking not attached to uncertain circumstances.
In opinion of this author this elemental analysis is not always done, if ever, and thus, missing in attempting to solve a problem. In other words, an immense majorly of practitioners are looking only for a ranking of projects, assuming they are feasible, without any proof of it, and thus, something not even thought about. Some perform a SA, but do not analyze how much they can increase or decrease the criteria, let alone understand which are those criteria out of the total set. Most ‘select’ a single criterion simply by considering the one that has the maximum weight, which does not have any mathematical support, let alone validity; it is only intuitive …..and invalid.
There is no need for criteria comparisons and quantifying them in a certain scale; instead, it is only required to define for each one a target value, and this is of paramount importance, for example establishing an IRR of 6.8%, a maximum labor work of 25 workers, a payback period of money investment in 9 years, a market penetration of 35%, etc. Of course, for this, it is essential to work with resources than can be of any kind, like funds, quantities, allowed percentages of NOx contamination, etc., and targets established for each one, fixing acceptable ranges for each target, or even a single value, computed not by guessing but for analysis of the problem, its effects, characteristics, etc. that is, setting up a realistic and achievable value.
For instance, the DM may say “I want to produce as a minimum 23,500 units of my product per month, because that amount is related with my economy of scale, and a maximum of 28.300 due to my available investment capital”, for I am not willing to risk more money than that, or simply, work with one of the two values.
The method aims at designing a system that complies with the targets as close as possible, either maximizing or minimizing. Most possibly not all targets will be achieved in a 100%, but it is important that each one of them is addressed.
Observe that all of this is at present done by an investor, owner or company that define the maximum capital to invest, the size of the crew, the annual budget, taxes, the limit for amortization of loans from banks, etc.; thus, he only needs to use these values as targets.
The investor normally has a plan or schedule for each project, linked to the others, when to start and finish each one, rate pf annual construction, etc. but at present most of this is absent in the initial matrix, not due to the DM ignorance, but because there are very few MCDM methods that can model thus data, and the DM must rely on one of the myriads of existing MCDM methods, even knowing that their modelling does not represent reality, but only perhapselectricity demand objective, a coarse approximation.
· Maximize the as in the case of deciding which type of installation or plant (Wind, PV, Biomass, etc.) to build. This is the basic objective, among the others related to land use, wind strength, solar irradiation, etc., but all of them supporting the demand objective subject to a set of criteria, because if there is no demand, all these criteria are irrelevant.
It is assumed that in general criteria have dissimilar importance or weights and then, usually, they are assigned arbitrarily, not a good procedure indeed, or in the best case using objective weights, that are real. As it can be understood, criteria depend on the alternatives, and the latter evaluated by criteria. Consequently, results must indicate in what extent these criteria targets are satisfied. This is a fundamental premise, and for this point of view we can see that MCDM methods must select the alternative that best approximate the targets.
· Minimize the cost objective, as in the case of fabricating and exporting goods, subject to other criteria, like international prices volatility, competition, transportation delays, quality, etc. The result may indicate a company the convenience to export or not, based on the results of the cost objective. All other criteria are directly or undirectedly, depending on it, like bank loans, interest rate, payback period, etc. Or it maybe that it has a cost target which cannot be surpassed, or maximum production target that cannot be achieved due to not enough funds.
· Maximizing the benefit objective, which probably is one of the most common. Of course, it is tightly linked to other objectives like maximizing production, minimizing working capital, maximizing efficiency, etc. As in most cases, the target objective say sales, for over 500,000 Euros, maybe conditioned by the restrictions exerted by other objectives like working capital, bank loans, payback period, IRR, etc. This means that criteria cannot be considered as independent or in isolation, since normally they are directly or indirectly related to each other. Consequently, the sum of individual values for criteria is incorrect, since what is needed is the intersection of criteria and alternatives, performed at the same time. Why the sum is incorrect? Because a criterion may receive influence from other/s that can increase or decease its target. An example, is that a decrease in investment criterion for the whole project, may affect the environmental criterion, because it means that we must reduce expenditures by not acquiring some costly equipment to lower CO2 emissions.
· Minimize the contamination objective, as in the case of CO2 emissions from fossil fuel fired power plants, replacing contaminant plants with renewables. Nowadays this is the first concern world-wide. All criteria are important, but this is the most significant. For instance, there is world-wide consensus that by 2050 there must be zero CO2 emissions from for electric generation plants. There are a lot of criteria that must be considered, like replacement of oil-fired plants by renewables, costs involved in the transition, selection of plants to be decommissioned, electricity demand, etc., but all of them supporting the contamination objective.
· Maximize number of people objective, in the case of selecting transportation scenarios at national or regional level, choosing among air, private car, buses or trains, alternatives. This is a priority in all countries but especially in those with a very large population. This scenario looks for facilitating people movement. The most important aspect is for people to be able to travel to work, to schools, to hospitals, etc., the balance of criteria is secondary. We can see it in some countries where people even travel in the roofs of overfilled railway cars; the objective is reaching the working place. Of course, the ideal would be people travelling comfortable seated, but if for whatever reasons this is not possible, people look for different, dangerous and bizarre means to reach a destination. All other criteria pale in comparison.
· In national government policy, and from a macro economic point if view, it could be that the most significant objective is the increase of the Gross Domestic Product or GDP, or maybe the fiscal balance since many factors depend on it as inflation, payment of international loans, etc.
· Maximize the enjoyment objective, in case of selecting a place for a vacation time, considering beaches, mountains, cruisers, cities, staying at home, visiting family, etc. This is perhaps the priority for everybody. Needless to say, prices are also important, as well as comfort and safety. Perhaps for some people cost is very significant and thus, prefer staying at home, but it also means losing some “perks” such not meeting friends, or not enjoying the breach. As can be seen, a consequence is normally linked to a decision or action, and this is not represented in the sum but in their multiplication or intersection
· Maximize probability of success objectives, in case of selecting best health treatment for certain diseases. Very important when doctors with different opinions must agree on a treatment. In these cases, there could be if not contradictions, at least different opinions on treatment, drugs and surgery procedures, which must be considered. As an example, there are three different medical treatments as A, B and C for a certain disorder in a patient, and three doctors they may or not coincide, therefore, the decision matrix must be able to represent that discordance, for instance John inclines for treatment C while Stephen believes that B is the best and. Andrews thinks that a combination of treatment A and B could be very effective. To model this condition, we need to use binary notation, that is “1’ for agreement with a treatment and ‘0” for disagreement. In this case we will have for John 0 0 1, Stephen for 0 1 0 and Andrews 1 1 0.
· Minimize the risk objective in many different projects. Consider different risks like personnel, delays, material failure, dubious data, atmospheric conditions, strikes, etc. It is a fundamental objective in all projects; a severe transgression may produce serious problems. This is the main objective in performing sensitivity analysis, since an alternative that depends on a criterion with very little, or worse, without any allowable variation, constitutes a risk. Consider that nothing is gained in selecting the best alternative if it is not stable, and subject to unpredictable variations as in the stock market, or international prices, or even weather or meteorological phenomena, like floods and draughts.
· In a plan to reduce poverty maximizing government help to poor families’ objective, according to different schemes (options or alternatives), like subsides, improving education, help to build their houses with affordable bank loans, etc. No need to emphasize its importance.
· Maximize assisting people objective to communities affected by wars, or natural phenomena (earthquakes floods, fires, etc.)., with different plans. This is prioritary as we have seen recently in some countries
As can be seen in the few cases mentioned, there is a main or primordial objective that is the essence of a project, and it is on which the DM is interested. It does not matter if it is weighted or not, or its relative value among the other objectives or criteria. We are not measuring its importance in numbers or in words, what we need is to establish a reachable target and select the MCDM that yield values as close as possible as the target. Consequently, we are looking for a comparison not for absolute values. The degree of compliance with the established target, is a tangible measure that allows us to determine the best MCDM method for a particular scenario, that is not based on subjectivity but in analysis, research, and mathematics.
Suggested procedure
For starters, the DM needs to accept that criteria and objectives are equivalent - and this not an assumption, but linear algebra - and that both work with resources that can be money, people, number of equipment, percentages, contamination, etc., and this is a reality. Each criteria/objective is then a goal or objective, with a target to achieve, they cannot be indefinite. That is, resources are the ‘material’ not necessarily physical, with what criteria work.
Thus, we can say that in a housing development, criterion ‘Water supply’, must be at least the minimum value by household, according to HWO (Health World Organization), for instance about 150 litres/day-person. This value is a target, limit, or reference, and expressed in the same units as the respective criterion, whatever it might be.
If the project is to purchase a car, there must be a criterion ‘Investment’, that puts a limit, and specifying for instance, not to spend more than 5,500 Euros, because this is the amount that the purchaser has in mind. This value is the target
If the problem refers to the selection of an electricity generation equipment, the criterion ‘Demand” says that as a minimum it must deliver 200 MWh, i.e., a minimum limit. This value is the target.
If the scenario deals with environment, there must be a value, that can be a percentage, establishing an limit, for instance, that the maximum allowable noxious emissions of NOx is 25 ppm (parts for million). This value is a target.
These four completely different cases in type and complexity have a common factor: It is that in each one there is a single criterion that dominates the rest.Dominance not in value, but in the sense that without it the project does not exist.
Just think:
A developer cannot sell a house without enough supply of water
A person cannot purchase a car if he/she does not have the money
To generate electricity, it is fundamental to know the demand
A metallurgical company might be violating the law, if its emissions surpass a certain limit, which of course must be known
Observe that these limits govern our existence as in maximum car speed, water usage, sleeping hours, high and low temperatures, heavy snow, date to pay taxes, closing times in a supermarket, number of years to graduate in a university, metric system, etc.
This author proposes two different procedures for selecting the most appropriate MCDM method:
a) Using sensitivity analysis with the main purpose of measuring risk
b) Employing target analysis with the main purpose of measuring efficiency or compliance with an established target
In reality it is suggested to use first the b) procedure, and then, check risk employing the a) procedure
Example
Consider a bidder that launches invitation bids to build a power generation plant and receives three proposals A, B and C, on a project subject to 12 criteria.
The bidder estimated the the most important criterion was C4, ‘Demand’, with targets like installed capacity between a minimum of 235MW and a maximum of 265MW. Why this range?
Because the minimum is due to economies of scale, meaning that 235MW is the minimum for a profitable operation. The maximum of 265MW is set up because it corresponds to the future maximum forecasted demand, and also considering the available amount for this investment.
Therefore, offers submitted in accordance to this interval; after reception, the DM needs to evaluate the proposals based on the 12 criteria, and where C4 is considered the most important. He employs three MCDM methods that can solve the problem: M1, M2 and M3.
Running sequentially the three methods, the results in MW are, always considering criterion C4.
M1 M2 M3
A1 255 260 260
A2 260 250 255
A3 250 262 240
Rankings according to capacities
M1- A2 > A1> A3
M2- A3 >A1 > A2
M3- A1 >A2 >A3
Observe that method M3 does not comply with the minimum, therefore, it is out the selection, consequently we must center in M1 and M2. These results must be in accordance with the limits established for the bidder, because these targets were also inputted in the decision matrix as targets. If a method’s result does not comply with this range, this method should be eliminated, as in M3.
Consequently, the bidder will only consider methods M1 and M2 and will select one of them.
If the three methods fit the requirements, they must be analyzed.
Therefore, it is necessary to determine which method is the best. This can be done by performing a sensitivity analysis (SA). The purpose of a sensitivity analysis is to find out how strong is the best solution or alternative, and it is a common and mandatory process in all MCDM methods.
For any method, SA starts by identifying which are the criteria - and there could be several - that define each solution, and once identified - normally done only by a few methods - which is their allowed variation, that is, maximum and minimum limits values, also given by a few methods This variation range may by large, small, and even zero, i.e., no variation.
Is this variation is wide enough as per the DM judgement- the increase / decrease will not generally affect the best alternative, and it will keep its first position in the ranking. If it is small, also to the DM judgement, the alternative maybe considered with a certain risk. If it is zero, most probably the best alternative needs to be replaced by the second best.
Why? Because a small change in the criterion or criteria with this no-variation, immediately will cause that the best alternative is replaced by the second best or third best. Of course, there is a mathematical reason for this.
However, we are interested in criterion C4 ‘Demand’, and thus, we can have:
- Wide variation of demand criterion: We select the MCDM method with the highest demand variation. However, how the DM can say if a certain variation is good or not? By analyzing, researching, using statistics, trends, about the performance of that criterion along time, and consulting with the stakeholders if it is in their opinion an acceptable variation.
In the case of a wide allowable variation, consider that there is high probability that the criterion will not reach its limits, and then, it is reasonable to think that as long as the criterion move4sd along its limits, there is certainty that the alternative will not be affected, and will keep its position.
- Small variation of demand criterion: In here, the DM must make statistical research of the ups and downs of demand. If it is stable, the best alternative maybe safety accepted. If the demand is unstable, with high periods of lows and heights, it is wise, to replace the best alternative for a second or a third, because there is a great risk. It could be that another MCDM method suggests another alternative as the best one, therefore, the DM must follow the same process for the three of them
- If the demand criterion is zero, make the same analysis for the three methods.
Remember, that normally any alternative depends more than one criterion, consequently, this analysis mut be dome for each one of them., because the alternative maybe strong considering some of the criteria but very weak due to others.
There is another easier methodology that consists in comparing the targets, in the case for C4, between the wished value, normally known as RHS, and the value for that target given by the method, normally known as LHS.
The difference among these two values for criterion C4 indicates how well the RHS target was met. Then, select the MCDM method that minimizes this difference.
Conclusion
The proposed procedure is simple., provided that you use the right software, if not, it is almost impossible, because the DM does not know which are the criteria on what depends the best alternative, nor the allowable range of variation.
The advantages of this procedure is that it does not matter which MCDM methods are used, it is irrelevant if they employ subjective or objective weights, and it is immaterial the correlation value between them, that in reality does not make any useful contribution.
No personal opinions and assumptions are needed and it can be performed very easily, since it only requires to run the same problem on the chosen method, and analyze the main objective.
Naturally, the reader can say ‘Yes, it can help, but how do we do if our MCDM methods do not use resources or limits’?
Well, that is the problem, which is not attributable to the procedure but to the methods themselves, and it is due to the algebraic process of most of them, with the exception of PROMETHEE/GAIA and SIMUS, that do take resources into account, and thus, deeming criteria as objectives with a target, not as simple restrictions as other methods do.
Non considering resources indicate that out of these two methods, the balance of MCDM methods assume that resources are bottomless, limits do not exist, and that there is no need to determine how a criterion performs. All is reduced to find the best alternative, when it is fundamental to see how each criterion/objective performs. This information allows the DM to make the correction in data he considers necessary according to the nature of the problem and on what the stakeholders say.
Some readers may think that sensitivity analysis is the response to this problem
No, definitely it is not, and it addresses another different problem, that is finding if the alternative selected is strong or not.
Your comments positive or negative, especially the latter, will be very welcome.
Nolberto Munier
Philosophical Thoughts
These philosophical questions do not have easy answers, but they are fundamental to understanding human existence and our relationship with the universe. It is fascinating how the concept of the "real" remains dynamic and evolves, drawing from science, technology, metaphysics, and psychology.
Information, energy, storage, and our senses are the foundations of our perception of the universe. Our senses act as filters that shape our experience. If we had more or different senses, we would likely perceive an entirely different reality.
This brings up the question: Is there an objective reality, or only different versions of it, depending on how each being perceives it?
Consciousness seems to be a dynamic system that adapts to the data it can collect. Therefore, do we live within a window of reality determined by our biological limits?
What I’m describing is very similar to Plato's Allegory of the Cave. Our senses work like the shadows on the wall of the cave – they give us a limited version of reality, but not the whole of it. If we had more senses or different perception, we might see a completely different world, perhaps closer to the true nature of existence.
So, is the universe as we know it just a projection of our perception and not the absolute reality? And if so, is there a way to escape the cave and understand something beyond the limits of our senses?
Our perception of reality is directly linked to the senses and tools available to us. If we look through a microscope, we suddenly discover an entirely different world, invisible until then. Similarly, if we had more senses or other ways of perceiving information, we might understand the universe in an entirely different way.
So, is reality simply a projection of our limited senses and not something absolute?
If the reality we perceive depends on our senses and tools, then it might simply be a projection of a much more complex and unknown world – something like a user interface of the universe, adapted to the capabilities of the human brain.
This reminds us of:
- Plato’s Cave, where people only see shadows of reality.
- Simulation Theory, which suggests we might be living in an artificial reality.
- Quantum physics, where matter seems to exist in indeterminate states until observed. If we look at it this way, then our perception of the universe is a “functional system” adapted to our brain, but not necessarily the true nature of existence. Something like a simulation. The colors out there, beyond our brain, don’t exist; they’re a simulation construct, a flawed perception. Simulation, in one form or another, requires technology.
I have noticed that when I recall memories, I most vividly recall details of certain senses - mine particularly being the sounds and "physical feelings" (touch) of memories. I have had friends who recall memories with different elements of the memories that were stored more vividly. Not sure if there's any basis for this anywhere?
I am asking because I am doing a semester-long research “study” and I want to do it on the connection between one’s primary “love language” and whether it correlates to one’s primary sensory memory. the friend I spoke to about our sensory memory both found a correlation between our memory storage and love languages so I hope to see if there is some evidence for this on a broader scale! But to do that I must have a reliable way of measuring people’s sensory memory.
I was thinking of making it a qualitative analysis and have them describe some vivid memories of heirs and then quantify it by identifying the sensory words they use in describing their memories.
Anybody have any other suggestions on how to measure this , if there is any?
# 183
Dear Ljudevit Krpan; Ivan Cvitković ;Tanja Poletan Jugovic; Ines Kolanović
I read your paper
Application of Multicriteria Analysis in the Selection of the LNG Terminal Location
My comments:
1- In the abstract you say : “best compromise location” based on system characteristics, available data, set criteria, and limitations”
It is refreshing reading a title like this, since many papers use the word ‘optimization’ when definitely there is not optimal solutions but a compromise solution, or locations, as in this case. This gives a reader the feeling that the authors of the paper know about what they are talking about.
2- “The method of weighted sum values was used. Weighting factors are determined partly in an exact way (where possible) and partly based on the application of Delphi group decision-making methods”
I am afraid that I do not concur in what you say. There are no doubts that weights are essential since not all criteria have the same importance, but there is not and exact way, even using entropy weighting. Why?
Because subjective weights are useless to evaluate alternatives since they are not connected with the content of criteria (a consequence of Shannon Theorem), they are only good to find criteria importance and trade-offs, and because they cannot be constant along the process, due to the fact that they depend on the alternatives, which are not selected at the sometime. This is not my opinion, but algebra and common sense.
As an example, suppose that you have two options to spend your money: By purchasing fruit for dinner, or gratify yourself by going to a coffee shop for coffee and pastry.
The option A (fruits) is a basket with bananas and cherries, and you can make a preference using criteria “cost” and “benefit”; assume that for you, “cost” is always more important than “benefit”
But you have in mind another alternative B, as visiting the coffee shop to enjoy a coffee and a pastry and use the same two criteria. In this case, it could be that you prefer the benefit or enjoyment in going to the coffeeshop over the cost. As you can see your preferences or weights changed, because you are a human being and able to take your decisions and change them if needed.
3- Unfortunately in some paragraphs you use the concept of optimal location, when you specified at the beginning that you are looking for a compromise solution, or if you want, the most convenient location. You also rightly use the word ‘limitations’, something that most methods and papers ignore and thus assuming that resources are unlimited.
It proves that the authors think, reason, research and common sense. For the same token, you are using expressions like harmonize, balance, stakeholders, interest group, that I have rarely seen, if ever, in more than 500 papers I have read and analyzed on MCDM along the years. This makes, in my opinion, a remarkable paper, based on real things, showing reasoning and professionalism, and ma only showing how a MCDM problem MUST be addressed
4- On page 4 “…..a multicriteria analysis of the evaluation of variants is carried out which with its methodology guarantees functionality, reliability and objectivity in determining the location of the LNG terminal”
In complete agreement
A personal remark
Dear authors: I do not criticize a paper that I read, I am neither a reviewer nor a judge, and nobody asked me to do this. I limit to point out some correctness or lack of it that I might encounter with the sole purpose of help the authors, no more than that, and thus, I do not opine if a paper is valuable or not.
However, I will make for first time an exception with your paper, because really surprised me for the professionalism, the reasoning, the experience, the process in studding all the potential sites, the technical conditions, it transpires responsibility, common sense, and the feeling for a reader of a work very well done.
Please, accept my congratulations
Nolberto Munier
According to epistemic virtue theory, a purpose-driven mindset, diligence, cognitive resilience, and related personality traits are considered intellectual values. These psycho-moral virtues, as existential weights, fill the emptiness of a nihilistic life, bringing an empowering sense of joy, inner strength, and unwavering determination. In your perspective, what are intellectual values?
What are methods to create meaningful models and conclusion by perusing of essay. What these techniques are known as in research methodology subject
I have seen people upload theses (undergraduate, master’s, or doctoral) to ResearchGate that they supervised but are not "authors" of in the strict sense. Is that appropriate?
I am looking for free research that examines the link between group identities, group rituals, group traditions and group sense of purpose to achieve greater cause and outcomes or fusion identity.
A discussion on the death of a student who is bullied and beat until he was nearly dead and died two days later, makes sense. The Clark county School district i
s rampant with bullying and it starts with the administrations funneling down through the teachers and to the students.
Dear colleagues
I am interested in writing about the change of a learning mind in this digital age. There seems to be a sense in which teachers have to change in order to catch up with the generation of students we have. I want to have partners with whom we can write a good paper in educational transformation for catching up with the 21st century and make the classroom fun again. In that article we would be challenging the South Africa tradition of; (a) no cellphones in classrooms, (b) classroom must be within the four walls of a building, (c) students have to be in one place when doing a group assignment/ project, (d) a teacher must be standing up in the classroom and be the one writing on the chalk board, and all other old ways like that. So, colleagues I want colleagues who will be my partners in this project which I intend to complete in 4 months from now
Blessed regards
Mohammed X
I've done this, but the results don't make sense. I want to run it for high Reynolds numbers, like 10000, and eventually calculate the energy spectrum, but the results are not reasonable. Could you help me with this?"
There are enormouse people in the world of who's English is not their first language. They have some problem in writing a paper with correct English. But if the sense is ok and merit is upto the mark then why paper acceptence gets a question?
I'm a student of Psychology. I'm currently doing a research on perceived competence in young adult men. I need "sense of competence questionnaire" by Wagner and Morse(1975). I couldn't get access to it directly. If anyone have this questionnaire plz provide me here. I assure it is just for academic purpose. I'll be highly grateful.
Hi everyone! I'm designing a questionnaire that consists of several different scales. Due to the scales are developed by different scholars, some of them are 5-point and the others are 7-point. I'm wondering whether converting all questions to 7-point Likert questions is acceptable.
I haven't conducted this research yet. I want to know whether it makes sense and what I should pay attention to.
Thank you!!
Are there any cases where Romans used the term "decimatio" in a nonmilitary sense? Or were all uses of "decimatio" implicitly referring to cases of "decimatio legionis" ?
Please give examples and sources for nonmilitary uses, if any.
The failure of the female to reach orgasm may also be a source of considerable disappointment to the male… Such failures lead not only to disappointment, frustration, and a sense of defeat, but sometimes to contrary emotional responses which become anger and rage. (Alfred Kinsey)
I'm extracting some data from an older paper and I've run into some units that are, to me, a little obscure. At first I thought I had it figured out. Its nutrient data reported in y/mL (with the y being a 'gamma' symbol). After looking into it I found some information suggesting that gamma is equivalent to a microgram. Data reported in micrograms per mililiter made sense for what I was looking at and I moved on.
I have gotten to a new table in the paper with measurements reproted in my/ml (again, it is a 'gamma' not a y but I'm not sure how to insert the correct symbol here). If my previous assumption is correct then that means that this measurement is somehow milli-micrograms/milliter? I'm a little perplexed because I don't see that making sense.
Is anyone here familiar with these units?
How similar are natural law and common sense? How? Why?
The idea that time is an illusion is a philosophical and scientific concept that has been discussed by various thinkers and physicists. Here are some key points to understand this perspective:
### 1. **Perception vs. Reality**
- **Subjective Experience**: We experience time as a sequence of events, but this perception may not reflect the true nature of reality. Our sense of time is shaped by our consciousness and cognitive processes.
- **Relativity of Time**: According to Einstein's theory of relativity, time is not absolute but relative. It can stretch or contract depending on the speed at which an object is moving and the gravitational field it is in. This challenges the notion of a single, universal time.
### 2. **Block Universe Theory**
- **Past, Present, and Future Coexist**: In the block universe theory, also known as eternalism, all points in time (past, present, and future) exist simultaneously. From this perspective, time does not "flow"; rather, all events are equally real, and our experience of moving through time is an illusion.
### 3. **Quantum Mechanics**
- **Uncertainty and Time**: In quantum mechanics, certain interpretations suggest that time at the quantum level behaves differently than we perceive it. The concept of superposition, where particles can exist in multiple states at once, challenges the traditional, linear view of time.
### 4. **Psychological Time**
- **Mental Construct**: Some philosophers argue that time is a mental construct, a way for our brains to organize experiences and make sense of the world. In this view, time is not a fundamental aspect of reality but a useful tool for humans.
### 5. **Timeless Physical Theories**
- **Fundamental Laws Without Time**: Some physical theories suggest that the fundamental laws of the universe do not actually require time as a variable. These theories describe the universe in a "timeless" state, where time emerges only as an apparent phenomenon at larger scales or under certain conditions.
### 6. **Philosophical Perspectives**
- **Idealism**: Some philosophical traditions, like certain forms of idealism, argue that time, like space, is a feature of our minds rather than an objective reality. According to this view, time is part of the way we structure our experiences rather than something that exists independently of us.
### Summary
The concept that "time is an illusion" is rooted in the idea that our common understanding of time as a linear progression of events does not fully capture the underlying reality. Time, as we experience it, may be a construct of our perception, and at a deeper level, the nature of time could be very different from how it appears in everyday life.
The delta function seems produce logical contradictions when analyzed on a fundamental level. I would be curious if anyone else agrees.


There are few business activities more prone to a credibility gap than the way in which executives approach organizational life. A sense of disbelief occurs when managers purport to make decisions in rationalistic terms while most observers and participants know that personalities and politics play a significant if not an overriding role. Where does the error lie? In the theory which insists that decisions should be rationalistic and nonpersonal? Or in the practice which treats business organizations as political structures?
Whatever else organizations may be (problem-solving instruments, sociotechnical systems, reward systems, and so on), they are political structures. This means that organizations operate by distributing authority and setting a stage for the exercise of power. It is no wonder, therefore, that individuals who are highly motivated to secure and use power find a familiar and hospitable environment in business.
At the same time, executives are reluctant to acknowledge the place of power both in individual motivation and in organizational relationships. Somehow, power and politics are dirty words. And in linking these words to the play of personalities in organizations, some managers withdraw into the safety of organizational logics.
In a criticism of a novel I need to expound on heroic values as they are distinct form everyday life values. From another angle heroic terms and values stand at odds with this-worldy values of what can be called materialism. In this sense they are similar to a kind of spiritualism in which the metaphysics of meaning distances itself from the contingency of life as such. I would be more than happy if you mention any point in this respect!
This would be interesting as a pure question. This question will shed the lights to many related areas of technical worlds and non-technical ones. However I think that AI would aquire the legal personality in the near future. Then the arguments on this question and problems involved are inevitable. In a sense, of course, this question includes the eternal question: what is love?
I randomly interviewed 250 poor people and 250 non-poor people. Considering 1 for poor and 0 otherwise, does estimating a logit model aiming to capture the probability of becoming poor make sense? What are possible biases?
In our lab, we keep at the moment everything (protein, DNA, cell samples) as long as possible. However, some samples are very old (>10 years) and we were wondering whether this makes sense for the different sample types. Can those sample still be useful or are there limits for sample preservation. Most of our long term storage is done in liquid nitrogen or -80 freezers and the energy cost is too high for samples that cannot be used anymore.
Do our senses have limitations that can be overcome through scientific reasoning and experimentation?
Is it possible that a scientific theory is correct when it goes against our human senses?
Please ... I need help from someone who has knowledge or an idea. I am a researcher from Syria in the field of remote sensing and photogrammetry. I have an international research published since 2020 in a journal classified internationally as Q2 in WOS and Q1 in Scopus. The journal is related to the Elsevier publisher. Today, I was surprised to find that the same research has been stolen and published in one of the MDPI journals (in a Special Issue) with some concepts changed for camouflage purposes and a change in the type of data. However, the research as a whole, including the equations and figures in the proposed methodology section, is completely stolen from me. The question: Can I do anything to delete their research or complain against the researchers, editors, or reviewers? Because the research is stolen in the literal sense of the word and the situation has greatly upset me.
Thank you.
GR and SR are very good theories in the sense that all the assumptions behind them are states clearly, ipenly and elaboratively.
Is this a feature of honesty of the author or cleanless of the theory?
Simularly in Newtons. Whats more, he states some subtle assumptions he makes i.e gravitational propagation in Vacuum and admits limitations of his theory.
This is not seen at such a effective way in the rest of theories in physics. Does it imply a lack of honesty of the author or lack of conceptual cleanless of the theory?
I can't really wrap my head around this and maybe somebody can help me.
I conducted an experimental study with a 2x2 between-subjects design (n = 50 per condition). I have the following variables:
- Fixed factor 1 (dichotomous, experimental manipulation of stimulus)
- Fixed factor 2 (dichotomous, experimental manipulation of stimulus)
- DV (metric, a scale from the questionnaire)
- Covariate (metric, a scale from the questionnaire)
- Moderator (metric, a scale from the questionnaire)
I first ran the base ANOVA model with the following terms:
- Factor 1
- Factor 2
- Factor 1 * Factor 2
- Covariate
Nothing was significant. Out of curiosity, I included the moderator by adding the following terms in addition to the above:
- Moderator
- Moderator * Factor 1
- Moderator * Factor 2
- Moderator * Factor 1 * Factor 2
What happened is that Factor 1 * Factor 2 became significant (after being non-significant in the base model) as well as the three-way interaction Moderator * Factor 1 * Factor 2.
So the 2 issues I am struggling with are the following:
- Why did the interaction of Factor 1 * Factor 2 become significant (p = .036) even though it was not even close (p = .581) in the base model without the moderator?
- How do I make sense of the three-way interaction and how can I best report it?
For the two-way interaction, I guess that I would report the marginal means of the DV in the 4 conditions and plot them with lines. This option is provided by SPSS.
But for the three-way interaction, if I understand correctly, the above two-way interaction between experimental conditions is not uniform, but differs across various levels of the metric moderator (e.g., the two-way interaction might be reinforced/attenuated/reversed/non-significant at certain values of the moderator). But SPSS doesn't seem to offer an option to plot this in the ANOVA menu.
I know that the PROCESS macro by Hayes features conditional effects at -1 SD, mean, and +1 SD values of the moderator as well as Johnson-Neyman areas of significance. So I guess I would need something in this direction. Or am I mixing up things here?
Academic snobs are people who believe that they are superior to others because of their academic achievements or knowledge. They may look down on people who have less education, or who come from different academic backgrounds. Academic snobs may also be critical of other people's work, or they may try to belittle them in order to make themselves feel better.
Here are some of the characteristics of academic snobs:
- They have an inflated sense of their own intelligence and accomplishments.
- They are critical of other people's work, and they may try to belittle them in order to make themselves feel better.
- They may look down on people who have less education, or who come from different academic backgrounds.
- They may use their academic achievements to justify their sense of superiority.
- They may be dismissive of other people's opinions and beliefs.
Academic snobs can be found in all areas of academia, from students and professors to administrators and researchers. They can be a nuisance to deal with, but it is important to remember that they are not worth your time or energy. Focus on your own work and your own goals, and don't let them get to you.
If you are dealing with an academic snob, it is important to stay calm and confident. Don't take their comments personally, and don't engage with them. If they try to engage you in a conversation, simply walk away or politely excuse yourself. You can also report the behavior to your department chair or other appropriate authority figure.
Remember, academic snobs are not worth your time or energy. Focus on your own work and your own goals, and don't let them get to you.
Observe how even today linguistic empiricism via direct denotative reference and sense, via linguistic-analytic philosophies, reigns supreme in philosophy. It is superfluous here to cite how Frege, Russell, Wittgenstein, the Vienna Circle, etc. have used the merely directly denotative sense to define sense, reference, proposition, truth value, and so forth.
The natural but extreme consequence from the Frege-Wittgenstein tendency is linguistic idealism, whereby somehow language and – for them consequently – even logic and mathematics (!) are made not only to define but also to determine the world. Berkeley would have done it better!
Justifiably enough from the necessary nature of derivation of linguistic idealism from direct linguistic and logical denotation, Richard Gaskin, a philosopher of language, aesthetics, and literature, has come upon this conclusion – presumably determined also by the necessity to bring aesthetic and literary worlds under the aegis of linguistic use and produce a language philosophy of aesthetic and literary experience.
But this motive would not suffice to posit linguistic idealism as a philosophical solution.
Hello
I am new to CRISPR-Cas9 and, for my project, I started to collaborate with another lab that claims expertise on this technique. The objective is to produce 3 cell lines, each with a knockout for a different gene. They did all the process of cloning the plasmid until viral transfection, where a point mutation was induced and an antibiotic resistence gene was added and then selected for.
From what I understand, all cells they gave me are resistant to antibiotic but not all cells necessarily have the mutation or the same mutation, and the solution for that, as far as I know, would be single cloning. However, they said single cloning would not be necessary and that all I had to do was run a western blot for the targets in this heterogeneous cell pool to be sure the knockouts worked. They said if the band was weaker or had a different size it would prove it worked. They also said I could already run phenotypic experiments and it would show it worked as well, but, according to them, the definitive proof is the western blot.
Because I am completely new to this, I just wanted to know if such decisions make sense. I just find it a bit weird because I would have to do single cloning anyway in the end. It wouldnt make sense to me to ever try to check the phenotype of a heterogenous cell pool, if I don't even know the mutation rate of the cells, and I assume such rates might even change every time I plate those cells. Moreover, I think that there might be the possibility the protein could maintain the same size even if it became dysfunctional with the knockout.
I found those decisions weird, but I don't have enough experience with the technique to have a solid opinion. Any thoughts?
Hi all,
This will be a stupid question but forgive me as I haven’t got much cloning experience. I want to clone a gene of interest into the pET28a expression systems but I’m confused. On the plasmid map I have for pET28a the T7 expression region is reversed. I have read this is due to the pBR322 convention but I am unsure how this affects cloning. Is the region actually reversed in terms of sequence and if so do I have to clone the reverse compliment of the gene into the vector or do I clone it in the normal orientation i.e. ATG – TAA on the sense (top) strand of the plasmid?
Thanks in advance
Ed
Each of our five senses are limited. Other animals can sense things that we cannot. We can construct devices that we employ to explore the world beyond our what our physical limitations can render. Nevertheless, there are still "things" out there that we will never be aware of.
So, that leaves us us, necessarily, with an incomplete idea of what reality really is.
In our everyday lives, we sense things around and within us. To us this is reality; and we operate within that concept as maintained within our minds. For the most part, that suffices to meet our normal needs. So, apart from the current computer-based notion of "virtual reality," we would seem to be constantly operating within our own human-based virtual reality.
Do we need a new vocabulary to describe these notions? A new vocabulary that is useful?
I have taken SEM pictures of the surface of polyester fabric before and after Plasma treatment at magnification × 20.000, there was no difference in the morphology of the fibers, does that make sense? Or there is something wrong?
I have taken SEM pictures of the surface of polyester fabric before and after Plasma treatment at magnification × 20.000, there was no difference in the morphology of the fibers, does that make sense? Or there is something wrong?
Spirituality means something that actually you are, but without senses and body. But without senses and boy, what is left? and what is reach of present scientific approach.
LINGUISTIC IMPLICATIONS OF EXISTENT PHYSICAL PROCESSES
IN PHYSICAL THEORY
Raphael Neelamkavil
Ph.D. (Quantum Causality), Dr. phil. (Gravitational Coalescence Cosmology)
Minimal Linguistic Implications of Words: I start this discussion with a generally acceptable kernel of what in the very least is meant when we say that something exists. My use of the word ‘electron’ need not mean that any of the models of electron as an existent must as such be the case out-there. This is because the word ‘electron’ is a denotative word constructed linguistically. It denotes a denotable, which exists as whatever it is, without our having to take it to be exactly this way or that way. But there can be at least some physical-ontological guidelines as to how an electron cannot be. For example, it is not a pure vacuum. Let alone the discourse that only quantum vacua exist. This is exactly what I mean, too: a pure vacuum does not contain any existent, not even one quantum of energy. A quantum of energy should be carried by something existent, and not by something vacuous. This quality that it is not a pure vacuum is what I call Extension. Every existent must be in Extension. If extended, it has parts, which are in some Change, too. In short, it is impossible to say that anything termed electron can exist without internal Change, which may be caused externally and/or internally.
Extension and Change are the ways without which nothing can exist. If anything is in Extension-Change-wise existence, this is causal existence: some finite amount of causation happens there. An antecedent changes within itself due to the impact that its parts make and are made to take. It is continuous in the sense that it is continuously the manner of existence of anything, but this is not infinite causation. If anything existent should be such, this shows that all existents are in Causality. This is the pre-scientific Universal Law of Causality. Now clearly, quantum wavicles too should be in causation, if we are speaking of existents, and not of pure vacua.
Historical Problem of Existence: “Being-Becoming” in Discourse and Its Linguistic Elements: Historically, the terms ‘existence’ and ‘being’ have been very confusing. The meanings assigned to them have been varied. I denote by existence the verbal To Be of all that exist in whatever manner they exist. All existents in the cosmos cannot be in intense holographic relation, if (1) the cosmos is of infinite content and (2) any highest limit velocity in any part of the cosmos is finite. Even in this case, there is no problem is speaking of To Be. More than two and a half millennia of Western discourse on existents has been primarily in terms of notions of particular existents and their ways of being, and references to becoming and non-being within the processes of existents. This has been conducted by safeguarding the notion of becoming of otherwise unchangeable substantial beings, from within the way in which language and discourse are the constituting factors although they too evolve. Not that such thought patterns shaped language in its basic evolution. Instead, primarily it was the already existing feeling-, perceiving-, and thinking-contours of language that shaped the thought that bases To Be on particular existents and their ways of being and reference to becoming and non-being. I believe that it is time to permit the contrary manner of basing To Be on Reality-in-total and its ways of being to happen at least in scientific and philosophical language. Later I shall show that the ways of being of Reality-in-total are Extension and Change.
Being / Existence and Permanent Becoming in Parmenides and Heraklitus: Historically, for the evolution of the proper understanding and linguistic formulation of To Be, becoming, activity, stability / permanence, etc. together, Heraclitus, Parmenides, Plato, Aristotle, Aquinas, Kant, Hegel, Nietzsche, Heidegger, and Whitehead have contributed much in the Western tradition: Heraclitus has a way of thinking of becoming, being, firelike continuity of becoming, etc. [Burnet 1924: 61ff] and Parmenides has an unclear manner of combining being, becoming, their self-revealing, self-concealing, etc., [---------] as if being were possible only as an unchanging substance and becoming meant the annihilation of the total identity of the substance. This notion of continuity of identity of everything as substance was for him being / continuity in existence. These notions in Heraclitus and Parmenides have been discussed without end, but without scientifically and philosophically settling (1) the foundations of the questions and without first deciding whether anything exists, (2) what the implications of the notion of existence (the To Be of all that exist) are, (3) how to differentiate between the various tenses of ‘to be’ used in the case of existence, attribution to existents, equality of existents, and equality of attributes, etc.
The Many Genuine and Non-Genuine Senses of ‘To Be’ in Linguistic Use: It is common to read metaphysicians, linguistic philosophers, and linguists speaking of the many contextual meanings of To Be in use in language. They tend then to accept all these senses as genuine, saying that these are given in language. But the foundational senses in which it had to be found in use are not much being discussed, nor is it often recognized that these alone can justify the contextual usages. The contextual is a sort of phenomenology of the use of meanings in language. The foundational is a fundamental philosophical consideration in linguistics, sciences, and philosophy alike.
I enumerate more than a score of the said contextual meanings of ‘to be’, without too much attention to arranging them in their derivative importance, since it is extremely difficult to reason into: (1) exist as a thing out-there and/or within ourselves, (2) exist as a process out-there and/or within ourselves, (3) come into existence as a thing, (4) come into existence as a process, (5) be such and such a thing, (6) become such and such a thing (without attention to its changes), (7) be of such and such a quality or property, (8) become of such and such a quality or property, (9) become such and such a processual thing (acquire the nature of a different form of existence), (10) be the same as, (11) be similar to, (12) become similar to, (13) be true, (14) become true, (15) be taken as true, (16) be possible as existent, (17) become a possible thing, (18) become a possible process, (19) become something possible, (20) be necessary as something existent, (21) be necessary as of such and such a nature (quality, property), (22) be necessary as such and such a thing, (23) be necessary as such and such a processual thing, (24) apply (as a quality or property) to, (25) happen (in a manner), (26) happen as this or that thing (from an already-existent), etc., and (27) a host of the same meanings in the past, present, and future tenses and various modal incarnations.
The Only Fundamental, Guiding, Physical-Ontological Senses of ‘To Be’: The above are some of the linguistic usages of To Be. What about their most fundamental senses, without which language cannot facilitate its own use in philosophy and science? I show that, in its implications, To Be works out to be taken as, but is not the same as, ‘cause to be’ or ‘cause to become’, because Extension and Change, the implications of To Be, together imply Universal Causality. But these implications are the only concepts that language can find as the most fundamental significances of the To Be of Reality-in-total. As I said at the beginning, the only two highest exhaustive implications of To Be are Extension and Change; Extension-Change-wise existence is itself causation; and all existents are causal: hence the pre-scientific Universal Law of Causality.
Give a detailed discussion.
Reply in sense of current trends among researchers
How much detection limit of earth quake in human is affected by motion
Hi!
I am evaluating the performance of different models for a binary outcome. These models can be either single parameter or multiparametric but they give a yes/no result. That is, I can easily depict them in a 2x2 matrix from which I can draw sensitivity, specificity or the c-statistic.
To test model performance I am evaluating %outcome vs %predicted outcome, c-statistic, correctly classified but I would like to add a goodness of fit measure. Does it make sense at all in this context? What would be the best way to test their goodness of fit?
All I get from Hosmer Lemeshow is (Table collapsed on quantiles of estimated probabilities) (There are only 2 distinct quantiles because of ties)
Thanks!
Who agrees, as common sense goes, the helpless should be assisted? How? Why?
In other words, what type of mapping (bijection, surjection; homeomorphism, isomorphism, or... in a sense, automorphism) operates between “observable physical space-time” and “semantic space”?
Hello all,
I hope someone here can help me with some TD-DFT calculations. I am trying to calculate the excited state optimised structures and energies of some Germanium compounds. Firstly, I run a TD calculation of the first 10 excited states, singlets and triplets, using:
TDA=(Nstates=10,50-50) WB97XD/genecp
From this output I see the first excites states energies and they look ok to me, such as:
Excited State 1: Triplet-A 2.4156 eV 513.26 nm f=0.0000 <S**2>=2.000
113 ->120 -0.18260
119 ->120 0.65189
This state for optimization and/or second-order correction.
Total Energy, E(CIS/TDA) = -1629.19629051
Copying the excited state density for this state as the 1-particle RhoCI density.
Excited State 2: Singlet-A 3.3296 eV 372.37 nm f=0.0537 <S**2>=0.000
113 ->120 -0.18586
119 ->120 0.66543
I then try to optimise the first singlet and triplet as I want to see how the spin density looks like in those species. For the first triplet I just indicate multiplicity 3 in the gaussian input (0 3 right before the coordinates), and I get something that I think it makes sense, the molecule geometry changes and I get alpha and beta orbitals, one electron seems to be occupying a virtual orbital by himself.... etc
The problem comes with the first singlet excited state, in order to calculate it I use:
TD=(Nstates=6,50-50,root=2) WB97XD/genecp
Based in the previously calculates excited states, in which the second state is the first singlet. However, after the calculation was done (it took quite a long time) I see an output with completely normal orbitals (not alpha and beta), a nice homo with two electrons and a empty LUMO, as in the molecule looks like a normal diamagnetic ground state molecule.
Does someone see something weird in my procedures? If you need any more details please let me know. My apologies if I am making some very basic mistakes I am very new in TD-DFT. Thank you all in advance!
Bank digitalization can help reduce finance constraints of medium and small enterprises, while does Bank digitalization make sense for enterprise investment? How?
Although some might have discredited the idea of Pan-Africanism, there seems to be a sense in which it is still a need. Decolonisation as a process is not an end on itself but a step towards the end. To make sense of decolonisation for Africans there needs to be a way in which Africans show pride of their identity (self-love), and Pan-Africanism might be exactly that way. In fact, before Africans talk about globalisation there should a concern as to what do Africans enter the global world with... this discussion will continue in my paper to be presented in this attached conference for which the deadline for abstract submission has been extended to the 8th January 2024
Who agrees that the sense of disgust is the root of esthetics? Why? How?
Which approach makes the most sense for creating a pest map of any insect pest?
Much of the Learning Sciences draw their Learning Models based on the model of memory proposed by Richard Atkinson & Richard Shiffrin.
Like much of Cognition and Psychology studies, they can not escape the Cartesian binary of Mind and Body.
Here I propose how, what I call the Liquid (Holobiont) Learner Theory conceives memory as inseparable, that Being is a oneness where Mind and Body are inseparable. This conception of the Liquid Learner draws its understanding of BEING (a LIQUID LEARNER) from Eastern Metaphysics, especially via the work of Zhuangzi.

What is the probability that people can learn applied mathematics by noticing the mathematical and other senses of vocabulary? Why? How? My answer: high probability because many terms that are used in their sense outside of stereotypical and or pure mathematics are still applicable to the applied mathematical sense. Such as differentiate, integrate, etc.
Does it make sense to evaluate the "sensor delay" when we have simulated a PCF temperature sensor in 2-D (in Comsol software)?
Is there a certain formula to evaluate it?
I modelling seepage analysis using SEEP/w and the result is XY gradient contour out of the phreatic line? And i think it's not make sense, so how i compute SF for boiling if the exit gradient computed by SEEP/w is wrong?
Every answer would be appreciated. Thanks before.
Experience is the food of the mind.
Research and observation is the existence of the universe.
Nothing is out there without the observer.
Fine if the universe exists without the observer. For whom does it exist? You can't cut the universe off from the observer. After all, that's why we're here, for the universe to exist. This universe out there outside our brain doesn't have the form that our brain presents to us. There is no light and colors without the eye, hearing without the ear, taste without the tongue, touch without the body. Outside of our brain there is only frequency energy that without the conversion of frequencies from our brain into something else none of this would exist. Without a brain we can't even perceive energy. We live in a matrix of our senses. We are the very nature of energy, which lives through us.
Okay, let's get to the hard part. Do you at least understand that the world we live in doesn't exist without your senses? So without us how can there be anything imaginary that our brain creates? Fine the frequencies exist, but who do they exist for?
What is it, and where does energy come from; which designs, constructs and moves frequencies molecules atoms everything? Is it God?
Sexologists appear to have lost sight of what science is about. They do not appreciate that before you can research a topic, you must first apply some common sense. There is nothing unscientific about basic facts and logic. Yet no one seems to see their relevance when it comes to understanding sexuality. In any science, the basic terms all need to be defined and understood. Preconceptions and assumptions need to be challenged. Yet sexologists have the same beliefs as the rest of the population.
Assessing the effect of GIS market mapping and marketing applications in enhancing market linkages for smallholder farmers.
It is very often that practitioners ask this question.
In reality there is not a 'best' method; probably it is better to ask about the 'most appropriate' method.
However, the most important aspect to consider is what the problem or scenario characteristics are, and from there choose the method, that best match them. It is just common sense.
It is easy to understand that a practitioner can apply a certain method
which is for instance the most used. However, if this method can't model a scenario as much close as possible, the result obtained is irrelevant and false, because it will be solving a problem that has no relation with the real scenario.
Based on the bold text, I developed a simple tool that can help the practitioner. It is not guarantee that the selected method replicates in full a certain scenario, but it will give the most close selection, and very important, gives as way to justify that selection
There are two parts labeled 300a and 300b. The first explains the procedure, while the second provides the tool in Excel for the practitioner to work, and without any calculation.
The additional advantage, is that the practitioner can make as many tests as wish, and that the characteristics for each scenario can be saved, and therefore it is easy to see in the future why a certain result was achieved
Kinetosis or motion sickness is mainly caused by a sensory conflict of different senses (e.g., the vestibular information about your movement does not match with the information from your eyes). But can it be caused by conflicting sensory information within one sense? For example, can different auditory information -- like a mismatch of frequencies (and their amplitude) and head related transfer functions -- cause sickness?
What are some of the different social settings in which second language acquisition can take place? In a general sense, how might research be different in these different settings? What are some problems you might foresee?
This is the PowerPoint which I used on Saturday, 22nd April 2023 for my intervention at the 4th IACLSC Biennial International Conference-Exhibition, organised by the Department of Social Sciences and Humanities, School of Law, KIIT, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India, on 21-22 April 2023. The PowerPoint does not contain extended analyses. I am going to write a text on some aspects of the Bhagavad Gita in which I will expose my interpretation. The PowerPoint contains some quotations from and observations on the Katha Upanishad too. A text of mine which investigates the passages of the Katha Upanishad quoted in the PowerPont will be published in some weeks. I am launching this discussion to see whether the participants have observations on the Bhagavad Gita or on the Katha Upanishad. I am deeply interested in the observations since I am still at the beginning of the study of the Bhagavad Gita and of the Katha Upanishad. In the texts which I will publish, I will expose my positions both on the Bhagavad Gita and on the Katha Upanishad. In the present context, my observations are rather limited.
In my inquiry on the Bhagavad Gita, I shall analyse some aspects of the transformation of the individual through and thanks to his process of knowing the structure of reality. Becoming aware of his nature and of his position in the reality is for the individual the first step towards his moral development: for the individual needs and ought to walk the road of becoming aware of his nature in order to be able to know the aspects of his person which he ought to improve and to know the aspects of his persons which he ought to correct. The intervention in the reality of Lord Krishna shows that individuals are morally not always morally self-sufficient; men are limited entities; in them, evil can prevail. The road of knowledge, of meditation and of education is a process of fighting against the evil tendencies of the individual.
I shall begin my inquiry with the description of the three Gunas in chapter XIV: the notions of Sattva, of Tamas and of Rajas, their properties and their influences on the individual will be the first passage of my exposition. Through the investigation on the three Gunas we shall be able to observe that any individual turns out to be a composed entity which, depending on his education, engagement and meditation, can tend to the prevalence of Tamas, or of Rajas or of Sattva: the direction of the individual’s development is, as such, not given; it depends on the characters which the individual decides to cultivate in himself. The responsibility of the development, therefore, is due to the individual. As we shall be able to see thanks to the Discourses, the road to intellectual and moral development is not easy: it is, on the contrary, long, complex and difficult.
The individual cannot avoid being a composed entity which, since the factors of which it consists are not in a condition of reciprocal harmony, is exposed to a conflict in itself: therefore, the individual must reckon with mutually incompatible influences in himself; nonetheless, the individual is responsible for the prevalence of one or the other of the factors. Knowledge is indispensable in order that Sattva, the positive factor in the individual, can be improved in the individual: beholding the Supreme proves to be the way of liberation from the yearning of the objects of the senses. Lust will emerge as the enemy of the correct knowledge: knowledge is the remedy against the influence of lust.
For my analysis, I shall concentrate in particular on Discourses II, III, IV, V, VI, XIV, XV, XVI, XVII, XVIII.
Bibliography
Srinivasa Chari, S.M., The Philosophy of Bhagavadgītā. A Study based on the Evaluation of the Commentaries of Śaṁkara, Rāmānuja and Madhva, with a foreword of MM.V. Srivatsankacharya. New Delhi, 2005, reprinted 2014.
Desai, M., The Gospel of selfless action or The Gita according to Gandhi (Translation of the original in Gujarati, with an additional introduction and commentary). By Mahadev Desai. Ahmedabad, 1946.
The Bhagavad Gita. With Text, Translation, and Commentary in the Words of Sri Aurobindo. Edited by Parmeshwari Prasad Khetan, Jhunjhunu; Rajasthan, 333001, 1992.
The Bhagavad Gītā (Sanskrit Text, Transliteration, English Translation & Philological Notes). Introduction by W. Douglas P. Hill. Translated by John Davies. Delhi, 2006.
The Bhagavad Gita in English. The Sacred Song. Translated by Philippe L. De Coster, B.Th., D.D. Translated into English from the original Sanskrit into English along ancient manuscripts, and various other sources and research material. Split up reading – Transliteration Word for Word translation. Gita Satsang Ghent Centre (Belgium). Copyright (Belgium) 2006 – 2007. Revised and Enlarged, November 2010.
The Bhagavad Gita. The Original Sanskrit and An English Translation. Lars Martin Fosse. Woodstock NY, 2007.
The Bhagavad-Gita, or Song Celestial translated by Sir Edwin Arnold. The Harvard Classics, New York, 1909–1914. Downloaded from: https://www.bartleby.com/45/4
The Mahabarata. A Prose English Translation of the Mahabarata (Translated literally from the Original Sanskrit Text.) Adi Parva. Edited and Published by Manmatha Nath Dutt, M.A., M.R.A.S. Calcutta, 1895.
The Mahabarata of Krishna-Dwaipayana Vyasa. Translated into English Prose from the Original Sanskrit Text by Kisari Mohan Ganguli [1883–1896]. Scanned at sacred-texts.com, 2003. Downloaded from: https://holybooks.com/the-mahabharata-of-vyasa-english-prose-translation/
Theodor, I., Exploring the Bhagavad Gītā. Philosophy, Structure and Meaning. Farnham, England / Burlington, USA, 2010.
What is the relationship between faculty interactions, sense of belonging and academic stress?
According to M. Fountopoulou, the 21st century teacher needs powerful tools and techniques for developing and cultivating personal skills, which are both exciting and significantly relevant:
- connecting theory with practice, - medium and long-term view of learning and teaching
- evaluation of the information
- the transformation of knowledge, the - - - the management of the school unit
- the combined application of scientific and pedagogical principles
Many people may think that an irrational such as 2^1/2 is mathematical, not physical, and has no direct connection to quantum mechanics (QM).
On the other hand, we guess that's a great question even though no one really knows the exact answer.
We offer the following:
For the interpretation of probabilities in QM to make sense, the wave function Ψ must satisfy certain conditions.
An extremely important and yet rarely mentioned condition is,
Ψ squared = Ψ* squared=Ψ.Ψ* must always be positive and real.
This is the required answer.
Matrix transition chains B (solving the heat diffusion/conduction equation as a function of time) suggests finding an adequate alternative complex transition matrix to solve the Schrödinger equation as a function of time.
what is quite striking is that 2^1/2 should appear explicitly and be expressed numerically as 1.142... in order to construct the required complex transition matrix.
Is there any bioassay for detecting/ evaluating dogs (or other animal) sense of humor?
I mean we are concerned more about how exactly does our brain function, which part is responsible for what kinds of actions and responses, but hardly do we consider the fact that life has sprouted from non-living things. And if you look at it, everything must be very either totally living and totally non-living. It's just that our senses make us feel alive. The fact that abstract matter has the ability to generate something as absurd as a memory is in itself a remarkable thing isn't it?
I would like to lead a scientific discussion around the "sustainable development in the construction sector" And I hope to have your reactions.
1. Why is sustainable development in the construction sector important?
2. What are geopolymer materials, and how do they compare to Portland cementitious materials from an environmental perspective?
3. How can natural fibers, such as bamboo and hemp, be used in geopolymer materials to improve their properties?
4. What are some factors that can affect the performance of natural fiber-reinforced geopolymer composites?
5. In your opinion, what are some areas for future research in this field?
We published an article in this sense, and I hope to have your reactions to this article. Here are the links to read this article.
I have a data set with several variables under socio-demographic factors. For example, age (under 25, between 25 to 34, between 35 to 44, 45 and above), education(No education, primary, secondary, and higher or diploma) and so on.
Now, I'm interested in checking the relationship of each of these different sub-variables with bed-net usage using (adjusted) odd ratios using Python. I have the codes already. But I want to verify if it makes sense, or theoretically correct if the sub-variables (under each head-variable can be grouped as independent variable against the outcome variable separately.
I'm new to the method. Relevant materials would also be much appreciated.
Thanks
#multilevelRegression #statistics # logisticRegression
I am investigating whether two independent factors with only two levels each affect my dependent variable memory performance. Thus, I performed a two way analysis where my IV1 was significant and the interaction between both IVs.
I am confused regarding post hoc tests as some state no post hoc tests are needed in case of only two levels. Others state that Tukey test should be performed. However, the Tukey does not seem to make sense in case of only two levels in each IV? I thought about doing an independent samples t test? But in this case only further investigate the main effects. Thus, my question is if my analysis requires a post hoc test and if so, which post hoc test would you suggest for the main effects and interaction effect?
Thanks!!
What I want to find out: Women with high levels of aggression, impulsivity and alexithymia have a lower sense of parental competence than men with high levels of aggression, impulsivity and alexithymia.
I have conducted an aggression, impulsivity , alexithymia and sense of parental competence questionnaire on my sample. Now I am strugglig on how to seperate the data so that I can only compare women with high impulsivity, alexithymia and agressivity scores with men with high impulsivity, alexithymia and agressivity scores and their respective parental sense of competence.
Thank you in advance for your help!
Hi,
I would like to know how I can order a siRNA (5 or 10 nm) for a protein(X) based on the following information that has been published:
" siRNA against X was synthesized from the following sequence: 5′- GTGATGTCCGGGTAACTCTA-3′".
I know companies have websites for custom siRNA design, shall I put the sequence as the sense Sequence that they ask? what are the best overhang Option?
Thank you,
Saeid
ResearchGate has a problem in the sense that it doesn't recognise Journals that are not in existence anymore.
Rest-Mass, Charge of an electron is still an unsolved problem in physics! Why?
Einstein: "A theory setting mass and charge a priori is incomplete!" So Dirac's Electron Theory (restmass and charge are fundamental constants) is incomplete in the sense of Einsteins Opinion. The same to SM & GR up to now?
Can anyone describe when to use kV or keV when discussing electron microscopy? They seem to be used interchangeably, though it seems like it would make more sense to describe the actual energy of the primary electrons (keV) to me. Is the kV applied to the electron gun the same as the keV of the incident electrons?
Thanks!
"Bipolar disorder (formerly called manic-depressive illness or manic depression) is a mental illness that causes unusual shifts in a person's mood, energy, activity levels, and concentration. These shifts can make it difficult to carry out day-to-day tasks.
Is it possible to live a normal life with bipolar disorder?
In short, bipolar disorder may sound like a serious diagnosis, but with the right tools, supports and a commitment to be healthy, it is manageable for many. Not only can you live a normal life with bipolar disorder, you can lead a full and rewarding life." Ref: internet...
So many geniuses are bipolars such as Isaac Newton, Ernest Hemingway,Vincent Van Gogh etc as you can see further famous bipolars down below as listed in relevant Wiki...
I ask this question to explore the philosophical foundations and frameworks that underpin our understanding of history as a discipline. By delving into the philosophy of history, I aim to gain insight into the diverse perspectives and theories that scholars have developed to conceptualize and make sense of historical events, causality, and human agency. Understanding the various philosophical approaches to history will enable me to critically analyze and evaluate different historical narratives and interpretations, considering the underlying assumptions, biases, and epistemological frameworks that shape our understanding of the past. By engaging with the philosophy of history, I seek to deepen my understanding of the theoretical underpinnings of historical scholarship and enhance my ability to interpret and analyze historical phenomena within a broader intellectual context.
Because it is difficult to define SUSTAINABILITY in scientific sense. I believe it is an art that when practised and fine tuned more will give better results. E.g. Art of singing when practised to perfection will lead to a sustainable singer.
Hello,
I recently stumbled on a paper in the field of neurosurgery. The paper analyzes imaging parameters that predict injury related to the spinal cord (Posterior Ligamentous Complex Injuries). I have two concerns related to the paper and I need assistance from a statistician
1) Is that possible that they mention that one parameter is associated with positive association (OR > 1) with PLC injury in axial section but not associated with PLC injury in sagittal section (OR < 1)? This didn't make sense because it is the same parameter but once viewed in axial view and another time viewed in sagittal view.
2) My second concern is that whether it is possible to use the parameter that was associated with negative association (OR < 1) to create ROC curve and measure its predictive power (sensitivity, specifity, etc)? This this didn't make sense again because how come that one parameter is associated with negative odds ratio can be used to predict the dependent variable and be used to create a cut-off value that predict this dependent variable?
Can you supply your results with references?
Thanks in advance.
What is the role of Interoceptive sense in Toilet training of individuals with Sensory Processing Disorder?
In segregating generations which type of heritability can be used?
And should one consider the poets who don’t rhyme their verses as being of an inferior mastery of the language compared to those who always rhymed their poetry without affecting the sense and the beauty of the poem such as Edgar Allan Poe?
The relationship between mental toughness and psychological fatigue in adolescent volleyball players: is the logical relationship between the three of stress perception correct, and does this study make sense?
Hi everyone,
I am new on this platform and I am doing a PhD on descendants of immigrants (2nd generation) in Switzerland. I am actually focusing on the concepts sense of belonging and identity formation.
I am adopting a qualitative approach and using a semi-structured interview guide. I am looking for some examples of open questions on those topics but usually the articles that I find relevants don't present their guides in the appendix.
Could anyone help me?
Thank you so much.
Valérie
Does it make sense to build a regression model for time series data with breaks? Like the time series I posted below with one major break that mark the shift of time series feature?

It seems that novelty seeking cannot explain a great part of the attraction of many to new things. A part of the attraction to new things comes also from some (strong) aversion felt toward oldness or repetitiousness.
Some people may dislike older things, even if those people are exposed to that "old" thing for the first time. For example, a movie that is made in the 1960s might look not-so-interesting to me, even if I am watching it for the very first time.
Just the aurora of oldness around some things suffices to create that sense of aversion.
Good morning,
I am not an expert on Factor Analysis, so I hope the explanation of my problem makes sense.
My current task is to perform analyses on an older data set from experiments my lab conducted a couple of years ago. We have 212 individual items, consisting of a dozen or so demographic questions and items from a total of 24 different scales that measure separate constructs. Given the large number of items and constructs, I would like to reduce the number of dimensions to achieve a more clear starting point for theory development. Obviously, an exploratory factor analysis is a good choice for this.
My question is whether I have to input the 200 or so individual non-demographic items in the EFA, or whether I can instead just use the 24 composite variables/constructs and reduce the number of dimensions from there. My hesitation using all the individual items is that an EFA would simply return something very similar to the composite variables, as the constructs generally have a quite high internal consistency and are fairly distinct from each other based on theory. The obvious caveat with using the composite variables is that it is not something I have seen done much, and as I am not an expert on EFA, I am unsure as to whether there is a major methodological road block to using composite variables that I am unaware of.
Thank you for your help!
Best wishes,
Pascal
When you make crosses between two lines of parent maize and you have F1 generation,how to make effective selection ? on the panicle how can you that this grain is a product of crossing and this other grain on the panicle is not a product of crossing?
Or in the other sense , when you make drosses between two parents ,do all the grains on the panicle parent are served or all the grains on the panicle of female plant are product of crossing? How to make selection of individuals on a panicle?
The relationship between scent, emotion, and memory is described in literature as "A Proustian Moment," after this passage from "In Search of Lost Time" , “… I carried to my lips a spoonful of the tea in which I had let soften a bit of madeleine. But at the very instant when the mouthful of tea mixed with cake crumbs touched my palate, I quivered, attentive to the extraordinary thing that was happening inside me.”
It's a sensory experience that triggers a rush of memories often long past, or even seemingly forgotten. For French author Marcel Proust, who penned the legendary lines in his 1913 novel, “À la recherche du temps perdu,” it was the soupçon of cake in tea that sent his mind reeling.
Ever since the 1991 publication in "Cell" of "A Novel Multigene Family May Encode Odorant Receptors: A Molecular Basis for Odor Recognition" by Linda Buck* and Richard Axel (Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics tHoward Hughes Medical Institute College of Physicians and Surgeons Columbia University New York, New York 10032), Neuroscientists and Molecular Biologists have been working to answer this and other questions about our olfactory sense. Some say that it is responsible for our most powerful memories, often from childhood.
My general interest is in the mechanisms by which sense perceptions in humans become memory and how memories are retrieved.