Semantics - Science topic

Los ríos de flujo libre (RFL) se caracterizan por su conectividad fluvial integra y por proveer múltiples beneficios a las comunidades asentadas en ellos. Sin embargo, a nivel mundial estos tipos de ríos se encuentran amenazados por la construcción de obras de infraestructura. En ocasiones, la pluralidad de valores que las comunidades le atribuyen...

Reconfigurable Manufacturing System (RMS) provides a cost-effective approach for manufacturers to adapt to fluctuating market demands by reconfiguring assets through automated analysis of asset utilization and resource allocation. Achieving this automation necessitates a clear understanding, formalization, and documentation of asset capabilities an...

Purpose The purpose of the study was to develop the Tamil Matrix Sentence Test (TMST) and evaluate the performance of a group of young adults with normal hearing on the developed test. The developed sentences were also administered at varying intensities to obtain a performance-intensity (PI) function. Methods A base matrix with 10 sentences conta...

BPMN2.0 Standard is a modeling language, which can be understood and used by a wide range of users. However, because of its non-formal nature, models (designed using it) can be containing structural errors such as Deadlock (impossibility of executing some of process tasks) and Livelock (infinite repetition of tasks) may be produced by using them. T...

This study conducts a pragmatic analysis of various linguistic deviations skillfully used in Hemingway’s novel The Heart of Darkness. It is confined to the following types of linguistic deviations: internal deviation, lexical deviation, semantic deviation, phonological deviation, morphological deviation, grammatical, and graphological deviation. Al...

Multi-party conversation (MPC) analysis is a growing and challenging research area which involves multiple interlocutors and complex discourse structures among multiple utterances. Even though most of the existing methods consider implicit complicated structures in MPC modelling, much work remains to be done for speaker-centric written discourse pa...

Unsupervised Domain Adaptation (UDA), which transfers the learned knowledge from a labeled source domain to an unlabeled target domain, has been widely utilized in various medical image analysis approaches. Recent advances in UDA have shown that manipulating the frequency domain between source and target distributions can significantly alleviate th...

Deep learning techniques has been increasingly used within cardiology, especially in the domain of cardiovascular imaging. One of the most revolutionary techniques are the image segmentation who is essential for diagnosis and treatment planning. On various medical image segmentation tasks,U-net and his successor becomes the most relevant architectu...

Consistency regularization has been widely studied in recent semi-supervised semantic segmentation methods, and promising performance has been achieved. In this work, we propose a new consistency regularization framework, termed mutual knowledge distillation (MKD), combined with data and feature augmentation. We introduce two auxiliary mean-teacher...

Turkish art and architecture is developed formed by Turkish culture and philosophy. In this study, the birth of Turkish art, the understanding of art and architecture of the pre-Islamic Turkish states in Central Asia have been the subject of research. While the semi-sedentary lifestyle continued to exist, the art and architecture, which developed d...

Robotic systems are often composed of modular algorithms that each perform a specific function within a larger architecture, ranging from state estimation and task planning to trajectory optimization and object recognition. Existing work for specifying these systems as a formal composition of contract algorithms has limited expressiveness compared...

The Balinese language is the mother tongue that is used by the people who live in Bali for daily communication and social interaction. Currently, the Balinese language just like many other mother tongue languages in Indonesia is in the process of being abandoned by the younger generation for many reasons for instance it is because there are limited...

Dans cette présentation, on explore l'utilisation de Wikidata dans le domaine de la santé. Wikidata, en raison de sa flexibilité et de son modèle en triplets, offre un potentiel considérable pour améliorer la gestion des données médicales. Financé par la Fondation Wikimédia, ce projet vise à enrichir Wikidata avec des données biomédicales essentiel...

Neural fields are neural networks which map coordinates to a desired signal. When a neural field should jointly model multiple signals, and not memorize only one, it needs to be conditioned on a latent code which describes the signal at hand. Despite being an important aspect, there has been little research on conditioning strategies for neural fie...

The study investigates the acquisition of the definiteness effect, a semantic constraint on definite postverbal nouns in existential sentences. The learners are a group of Arabic-speaking adults advanced in L2 French and another group advanced in L3 English. They completed a context-based acceptability judgment task with correction that tested exis...

The development of a semantic analyzer of natural language is considered one of the factors that develop the language. Homonymy is one of the main elements of semantic analysis. Different methods can be used for semantic analysis of homonyms. Homonyms can also be determined using Lesk's algorithm. Lesk's algorithm is based on WordNet of natural lan...

Exile runs throughout William Shakespeare's A Midsummer Night's Dream. Transformed characters are exiled from the human world when they change shapes. Others are forced to leave their countries and worlds to enter magical ones. Personalities and feelings shift because of magic. Examining the dichotomy between Athens and the forest and the theatrica...

For semantic segmentation of cardiac magnetic resonance image (MRI) with low recognition and high background noise, a fusion‐attention Swin Transformer is proposed based on cognitive science and deep learning methods. It has a U‐shaped symmetric encoding–decoding structure with an attention‐based skip connection. The encoder realizes self‐attention...

INTRODUCTION: Nowadays one of the primary causes of permanent blindness is glaucoma. Due to the trade-offs, it makes in terms of portability, size, and cost, fundus imaging is the most widely used glaucoma screening technique. OBJECTIVES:To boost accuracy,focusing on less execution time, and less resources consumption, we have proposed a vision tra...

Weak ontic necessity is the ontic necessity expressed by “should/ought to” in English. An example of it is “I should be dead by now”. A feature of this necessity is that whether it holds at the present world is irrelevant to whether its prejacent holds at the present world. In this paper, by combining premise semantics and update semantics for cond...

In recent years, there has been a growing interest in remote sensing image–text cross-modal retrieval due to the rapid development of space information technology and the significant increase in the volume of remote sensing image data. Remote sensing images have unique characteristics that make the cross-modal retrieval task challenging. Firstly, t...

This chapter explores the semantic fields of four basic emotions—joy, sadness, fear and anger—in as far as they occur in medieval Frisian lawbooks and the role they play in these laws as well as in real life.

Foveation can be defined as the organic action of directing the gaze towards a visual region of interest to acquire relevant information selectively. With the recent advent of event cameras, we believe that taking advantage of this visual neuroscience mechanism would greatly improve the efficiency of event data processing. Indeed, applying foveatio...

The presentation is an overview of the semantic scholarly knowledge publishing platform i.e. the Open Research Knowledge Graph (ORKG) including its mission, features, and goals.

Due to the fast retrieval speed and low storage cost, cross-modal hashing has become the primary method for cross-modal retrieval. Since the emergence of deep cross-modal hashing methods, cross-modal retrieval significantly improved. However, the existing cross-modal hash retrieval methods still need to effectively utilize the dataset’s supervisory...

This paper is a response to Enguehard (Natural Language Semantics 29(4):527–578, 2021), who observes that presuppositions project in the same way from coordinations of declaratives and coordinations of polar questions, but existing mechanisms of projection from declaratives (e.g. Schlenker in Theoretical Linguistics 34(3):157–212, 2008, Semantics a...

Situated models suggest that social concepts are grounded in interpersonal experience. However, few studies have tested this notion experimentally, and none has targeted individuals with reduced social interaction. Here, we assessed comprehension of text-level social and non-social concepts in persons with and without autistic-like traits. Particip...

p>Existing multimodal sentiment analysis models focus more on fusing highly correlated image-text pairs, and thus achieves unsatisfactory performance on multimodal social media data which usually manifests weak correlations between different modalities. To address this issue, we first build a large multimodal social media sentiment analysis dataset...

The aim of the study is to highlight the competence of students in English language learning at Govt. College of Commerce of Khanewal. Data was gathered from B.com students. Test section was comprised of control and experimental group. The tool for data collection was test: pre-test and post-test. First, pre-test was conducted then the researcher h...

Objective: Patients with left perisylvian gliomas might undergo language mapping with nTMS in preparation for awake brain surgery. Action naming is an important addition to the presurgical language mapping protocol. However, it has not yet been determined whether specific action stimuli can influence mapping outcomes in terms of number and/or local...

p>Existing multimodal sentiment analysis models focus more on fusing highly correlated image-text pairs, and thus achieves unsatisfactory performance on multimodal social media data which usually manifests weak correlations between different modalities. To address this issue, we first build a large multimodal social media sentiment analysis dataset...

This study seeks to delve into the potential role of divergent thinking, a component of creativity, in second language learning. Specifically, we compare the use of lexical organization and production strategies of two groups of more a d less creative EFL learners in year 12 through an automatic vectorial semantic analysis of their retrieval in thr...

In recent years, joint entity–relation extraction (ERE) models have become a hot research topic in natural language processing (NLP). Several studies have proposed a span-based ERE framework, which utilizes simple span embeddings for entity and relation classification. This framework addresses the issues of overlap and error propagation that were p...

The early phase of the COVID-19 pandemic caused a lot of pressure to scientists due to the novel nature of the coronavirus. As experts in the field, they were expected to produce only reliable information. Owing to the limited data available at the time, there were many uncertainties surrounding the virus. However, studies that looked into how the...

Chinese idioms are one of the important components of Chinese language and culture, and they express rich cultural connotations in highly condensed language forms. The metaphors in idioms are even more diverse, and the metaphors in political texts demonstrate their unique persuasive function, which is of great research significance. This article de...

The study focuses on the translatability of EU terminology into Ukrainian, with a specific emphasis on the term ‘regulation’. It explores the challenges and considerations involved in translating legal terms, particularly within the context of EU legislative acts. The concept of translatability potential is substantiated in the article. It is seen...

We present here some Boolean connexive logics (BCLs) that are intended to be connexive counterparts of selected Epstein’s content relationship logics (CRLs). The main motivation for analyzing such logics is to explain the notion of connexivity by means of the notion of content relationship. The article consists of two parts. In the first one, we fo...

Semantic image synthesis plays an important role in the development of Advanced Driver Assistance System (ADAS). Street objects detection might be erroneous during raining or when images from vehicle’s camera are blurred, which can cause serious accidents. Therefore, automatic and accurate street object detection is a demanding research scope. In t...

The gap between the Mind and Brain remains a deep-rooted enigma. The mind deals with semantic information, focusing on concept formation and transfer. Conversely, the brain processes Shannon Information, emphasizing the statistical shifts in neural activities. Bridging this divide requires identifying common structures in both forms of information...

Techniques for translating a song are very varied. This is because the native language (TL) can be culturally different from the target language (TL). Translation does not only shift the source language to the target language, but translation is also closely related to socio-cultural influences and the formation of cultural identity between the two...

Object detection in remote sensing images (RSIs) has become crucial in recent years. However, researchers often prioritize detecting small objects, neglecting medium- to large-sized ones. Moreover, detecting objects hidden in shadows is challenging. Additionally, most detectors have extensive parameters, leading to higher hardware costs. To address...

This paper deals with the linguistic aspect of tragic irony in the Oedipus Rex. It begins with the observation that several ambiguous expressions in the play telegraph their double meaning through various kinds of linguistic slips. It is argued that these slips occur on three distinct levels: semantics, syntax and pragmatics. There follows an analy...

Conventional machine learning methods assume data to be independent and identically distributed (i.i.d.) and ignore the relational structure of the data, which contains crucial information about how objects participate in relationships and events. Statistical Relational Learning (SRL) combines elements from statistical and probabilistic modeling to...

We introduce a lightweight framework for semantic segmentation that utilizes structured classifiers as an alternative to deep learning methods. Biomedical data is known for being scarce and difficult to label. However, this framework provides a lightweight, easy-to-apply, and fast-to-train approach that can be adapted to changes in image material t...

Saliency detection plays an important role in computer vision and scene understanding, which has attracted increasing attention in recent years. Compared to the widely studied image saliency prediction, there are still many problems to be solved in the area of video saliency. Different from images, effectively describing and utilizing the motion in...

Deep learning-based methods are widely used in the field of image processing and have achieved remarkable results. However, these methods often produce mis-filling phenomenon when dealing with irregular broken images. The main reason is that the underlying information of the feature map is not fully utilized, and the semantic information of feature...

Automatic medical image segmentation plays a pivotal role in clinical diagnosis. In the past decades, medical image segmentation has made remarkable improvements with the aid of convolutional neural networks (CNNs). However, extracting context information and disease features for dense segmentation remains a challenging task because of the low cont...

Recent large vision-language models such as CLIP have shown remarkable out-of-distribution (OOD) detection and generalization performance. However, their zero-shot in-distribution (ID) accuracy is often limited for downstream datasets. Recent CLIP-based fine-tuning methods such as prompt learning have demonstrated significant improvements in ID cla...

O artigo propõe-se a fazer uma revisão crítica dos Protocolos sobre Compromisso Democrático (Protocolos de Ushuaia I e II), especificamente da cláusula democrática, conceito jurídico vago e indeterminado, aplicado no âmbito do MERCOSUL. Para tanto, abordar-se-á a formação histórica do bloco, bem como a sua preocupação na salvaguarda do Estado Democ...

The religious translation is one of the important types of translation .The translation is not easy ,it has a number of difficulties that the translator may face during translation . This leads him/her to use a number of strategies that enable him/her to translate the religious texts efficently. The research comprises three sections .Section one pr...

Semantic segmentation is significant for robotic indoor activities. However, relying solely on RGB modality often leads to poor results due to limited information. Introducing other modalities can improve performance but also increases complexity and cost, making it unsuitable for real-time robotic applications. To address the balance issue of perf...

The mechanical properties of the materials are determined by the size and morphology of fine microscopic features. Quantitative microstructural analysis is a key factor to establish the correlation between the mechanical properties and the thermomechanical treatment under which material condition has been achieved. As such, microstructural analysis...

Web annotation environments are widely used in education based on the premise that student interaction in these environments benefits individual and group learning. However, there is little research on factors driving student interaction in web annotation activities. In this study we asked: What dynamics could explain social interaction among stude...

A relational database (RDB) is a digital database that uses components (such as constraints, tables, keys, etc.) to manage data in a structured manner. Because of these components, RDBs are considered ’poor’ from a semantic point of view, precisely because of the structure-oriented nature of the components used. One way to eliminate this limitation...

We present here the results of an experiment with the picture-word interference paradigm suggesting that lexical selection processes may involve inhibition mechanisms that are shared between verbal and non-verbal domains.

El objetivo de este artículo es analizar la forma en la que se expresa la definitud simple en el náhuatl de San miguel Canoa. Se concluye que in= es el artículo definido en el náhuatl de esta comunidad con base en una metodología de elicitación directa. Para ello, se utiliza el Cuestionario para identificar frases nominales de referencia definida ‘...

Deformable multimodal image registration plays a key role in medical image analysis. It remains a challenge to find accurate dense correspondences between multimodal images due to the significant intensity distortion and the large deformation. macJNet is proposed to align the multimodal medical images, which is a weakly-supervised multimodal image...

Digital image inpainting technology has increasingly gained popularity as a result of the development of image processing and machine vision. However, digital image inpainting can be used not only to repair damaged photographs, but also to remove specific people or distort the semantic content of images. To address the issue of image inpainting for...

Road crack detection is one of the important issues in the field of traffic safety and urban planning. Currently, road damage varies in type and scale, and often has different sizes and depths, making the detection task more challenging. To address this problem, we propose a Cross-Attention-guided Feature Alignment Network (CAFANet) for extracting...

This poster introduces an ongoing PhD thesis carried out in the framework of aphaDIGITAL project, in which an application for speech and language therapy support of German speakers with aphasia is developed. Work completed in the selection of ASR solutions and creating a semantic analysis pipeline is described, and challenges and future work perspe...

In recent years, U-Net and its extended variants have made remarkable progress in the realm of liver and liver tumor segmentation. However, the limitations of single-path convolutional operations have hindered the full exploitation of valuable features and restricted their mobility within networks. Moreover, the semantic gap between shallow and dee...

Studies using a relatedness judgement task have found differences between prime-target word pairs that vary in the degree of semantic relatedness. However, the influence of working memory load on semantic processing in this task and the role of the type of working memory task have not yet been investigated. The present study therefore investigated...

With the development of the digital and intelligent transformation of the power grid, the structure and operation and maintenance technology of the power grid are constantly updated, which leads to problems such as difficulties in information acquisition and screening. Therefore, we propose a recommendation method for power knowledge retrieval base...

Bad jokes are not simply non-humorous texts. They are texts that are humorous for someone––their author at least––but not for their audience. Bad jokes thus involve a contextual––pragmatic––dimension that is neglected in the semantic theories of humor. In this paper, we propose an approach to humor based on the Aristotelian notion of surprising ent...

Fashion theory is a large-scale analytical space that unites concepts that are diverse in their focus. Art history, social science, economic program, personality concepts - all this forms the basis of fashion theory and determines it problems. This, in fact, is one of the main problems of fashion theory as a discipline: it is connected with a wide...

We will approach the problem of semantic skepticism by comparing Quine's view with Carnap's strategy for finding intensional equivalences that guarantee a solution to the paradox of analysis; and then we will consider how the Intensionalists use these possible solutions to save the scientificity of semantics. Quine disagrees with Carnap that plausi...

Due to the complexity of geological structures, the uncertainty of geological phenomena, the massive amount of geological data, and the diversity of geological models, local dynamic updates of 3D geological body models are very difficult. Based on the analysis of the current research status of 3D geological modeling and local dynamic update of 3D g...

This paper provides the first description of the possessive system in Patani, a South Halmahera-West New Guinea language (Austronesian). Possession in Patani involves the interplay of several parameters. Syntactically, there are two broad possessive constructions: direct, and indirect. Morphologically, both constructions make use of pronominal proc...

The inverse synthetic aperture radar (ISAR) image is a kind of target feature data acquired by radar for moving targets, which can reflect the shape, structure, and motion information of the target, and has attracted a great deal of attention from the radar automatic target recognition (RATR) community. The identification of ISAR image components i...

Current social recommendations based on Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) often neglect to extract rating bias from user and item statistics, leading to misinterpreting real user preferences. For example, a high rating from a user with lenient rating standards and a high average rating does not always indicate a real preference for the item. This situat...

Recent research has shown that visual–text pretrained models perform well in traditional vision tasks. CLIP, as the most influential work, has garnered significant attention from researchers. Thanks to its excellent visual representation capabilities, many recent studies have used CLIP for pixel-level tasks. We explore the potential abilities of CL...

Deep learning-based object detection methods address the problem of how to trade off the object detection accuracy and detection speed of the model. This paper proposes the PBA-YOLOv7 network algorithm, which is based on the YOLOv7 network, and first introduces the PConv, which lightens the ELAN module in the backbone network structure and reduces...

With the exponential growth of video data, video summarization has become a challenging task. In this article, we propose a deep learning framework for video summarization that utilizes a sequence learning cum encoder-decoder network architecture with a key-shot selection model. We develop two RNN-based deep models, Additive Attentive Summariser (A...

This paper analyses the urban toponymy of an infra-municipal nature (neighbourhoods, districts) in València to detect whether it describes landscapes of an urban nature, as would be expected due to its current built-up area, or of a rural nature, as a testimony to its traditional and millenary horticultural landscape (today minimised and fragmented...