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Using Protege and SWRL tab, I have the ontology mentioned hereinafter. It is composed of the Class Test and the class Shadow, where Test has three individuals t1, t2, t3. I was trying to define an SWRL rule that creates an individual of Shadow class for each existing individual of Test, the rule is
Test(?x) ^ swrlx:makeOWLThing(?new, ?x) -> Shadow(?new)
QUESTIONS:
1. Only one individual of Shadow, named fred is created, instead of three (corresponding to t1, t2, t3).
2. How to control the naming of the resulting individual which is always named fred?
Here is my ontology:
Declaration(Class(:Shadow))
Declaration(Class(:Test))
Declaration(NamedIndividual(:t1))
Declaration(NamedIndividual(:t2))
Declaration(NamedIndividual(:t3))
############################
# Named Individuals
############################
# Individual: :t1 (:t1)
ClassAssertion(:Test :t1)
# Individual: :t2 (:t2)
ClassAssertion(:Test :t2)
# Individual: :t3 (:t3)
ClassAssertion(:Test :t3)
DLSafeRule(Annotation(<http://swrl.stanford.edu/ontologies/3.3/swrla.owl#isRuleEnabled> "true"^^xsd:boolean) Annotation(rdfs:comment ""^^xsd:string) Annotation(rdfs:label "S1"^^xsd:string) Body(BuiltInAtom(<http://swrl.stanford.edu/ontologies/built-ins/3.3/swrlx.owl#makeOWLThing> Variable(<new>) Variable(<x>)) ClassAtom(:Test Variable(<x>)))Head(ClassAtom(:Shadow Variable(<new>))))
)
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Dear Sir,
I have the same problem. Have you solved it yet?, please help me!
Thanks in advance!
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I try to get all 'subclass-of' axioms of an ontology. I tried by using the following statement.
MyOntology.getAxioms(AxiomType.SUBCLASS_OF));
Effectively, it returns the ontology 'subclass-of' axioms, except for the first 'subclass-of' axiom which links OWL:Thing with my first ontology class.
I cannot understand why this link isn't taken into account in that case ?
Please, is there any way to get all 'subclass-of' axioms including those linking OWL:Thing with other classes ?
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Hi,
There is another issue here: the code that you are using is retrieving only the explicitly asserted subclassOf relations (that's why when you use Protegé to assert them, you can retrieve them). If you want to retrieve the inferred taxonomy, you should use a reasoner, and work with the OWLReasoner instead (or along with) of the OWLOntology. The DL reasoner infers the actual hierarchy that the ontology is modeling, and allows you to navigate through it . 
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Dear researchers,
There are some Web sources which are accessed just by Web robots and human users are unaware of them. 'robots.txt' file is a good example of such sources which is practically used as an indicator for detecting Web robots.
I would be appreciative if you let me know what are other Web sources (like files) which are just accessed by Web robots and used as an indicator for these crawlers. 
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Polite web robots introduce themselves in the User Agent field.
You can search for substrings like 'bot', 'spider',
'crawler', 'slurp'.
Rarely a robot tries to access a search page.
The robots tests whether a webpage has a search engine
and makes a GET request for something like
/search?...
Regards,
Joachim
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I am looking for an automatic semantic annotation tool that be able to recognize mentions to instances of concepts or concepts within WordNet, it means an automatic semantic annotator which uses WordNet as base ontology.
Thank you for your time.
Juan
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I am trying to find the semantic similarity between two documents....Which method/metric scales the best at present? Any related literature regarding this? Most of the metrics I found works on sentence level...any insight into document level semantic similarity measurement?
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Thank you Eduardo and Nidhi
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iIs there any methodology for building probabilistic ontologies ?
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Thank you Nacéra for the link . it is very important.
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Hi i am trying to prepare program for ppswr sampling with distinct unit using cumulative total method for my P.hd work .pls help me to write this type of program.
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You can find the function in package pps (see ftp://cran.r-project.org/pub/R/web/packages/pps/pps.pdfhttp://www.inside-r.org/packages/cran/pps/docs/ppswr)    I guess this is what you need.
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How could we define and perform Sentiment Analysis based on Semantic Web technologies ? What about ontologies as a mean to express semantics ? Are they of use in the Sentiment Analysis context ?
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Hi Marouen,
In addition to the other papers, feel free to also have a look at the attached paper of ours.
Best,
Stratos
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I'm working in semantic web technologies in particular those of semantic web services: OWL-S , WSMO and SAWSDL.
I remark that SAWSDL becomes a W3C recommendation but OWL-S not yet. Knowing that, the OWL-S components have more semantic expressivity specifically the behavioral aspect of services. I'm asking why OWL-S still not a recommendation. Moreover, I remark that researches in the field of semantic web services have been almost abandoned?
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> the field of semantic web services have been almost abandoned?
No, the protocol for reading and writing the semantic data is now in the perimeter of the recommendation of SPARQL 1.1.
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Autonomic computing
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A Knowledge Graph is a knowledge base used by a company to enhance its search engine’s search results with semantic information gathered from a wide variety of sources based upon (unknown to us) “models”. Most importantly these include a “model” of the user, i.e. what the company assumes to be known about the user, say from input keywords and search history.
A Domain Ontology characterizes a domain in a neutral way, in the sense the no “models” are linked to it. Thus a Domain Ontology can be potentially used to answer the most challenging questions a user may pose: How to reach a piece of knowledge interesting for the user, which the user does not know about its existence?
A Knowledge Graph does a bit of organization of materials, saving some search steps, but cannot answer challenging questions per se. A Domain Ontology – demanding user judgment about the ontology quality and ontology fine tuning – has the potential to be used in tools to answer challenging questions.
Bibliography
I. Exman, "Interestingness – A Unifying Paradigm: Bipolar Function Composition", Proc. KDIR 2009, Int. Conf. Knowledge Discovery and Information Retrieval, A. Fred (ed.)- pp. 196-201, Funchal, Madeira, Portugal, October 2009. DOI:10.5220/0002308401960201. Also as: arXiv:1404.0091 [cs.IR]
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I'm working on Semantic web technologies; I have developed a semantic meta-model for semantic description of e-government data and services.  Because of the important volume of published data in this area, I aim to use the BigData technologies beside semantic technologies. I want to know if there are works in this context of applying semantic technologies for BigData .
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Hi Hind,
Yes I know Amine very well. I'm using CoGui (http://www.lirmm.fr/cogui/) these days. Some of the papers I've published with Mark von Rosing (see our joint papers such as the one Mark refers to above) illustrate its use for Enterprise Ontology and Semantics. As I also have an interest in Smart Applications in Smart Cities (see a CfP in my journal http://www.igi-global.com/ijcssa for example) I would be very interested to read your thesis and any of your related work. Thanks,
Simon
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I'm working with Linked Data (DBpedia in my case) and want to know whether this is the best one among others such as edge counting, information content or maybe hybrid measures.
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If you are working with DBpedia or Wikipedia, you can use word2vec algorithm (https://code.google.com/p/word2vec/). It gives good results for finding semantic similarity between words (concepts).
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I developed Ontology, goal and web service in wsmo framework and discover but now I want to execute this service via wsmx. How can we run it.
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sorry I do not have the expertise to answer this question.
Regards
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I am searching for some algorithm to find in-direct relations among RDF concepts e.g. relation between a 'Book' and publication date. There is no direct property that can relate these two and we have a multi-link path to find this relation i.e. 'Book' got a publication event, A publication even got property event time, Event time got a Calendar year that has a label. In short we will come up with following statements (for SPARQL)
{?book a bibo:Book}
{?event a blt:PublicationEvent}
{?book blt:publication ?event}
{?event event:time ?time}
{?time rdfs:label ?year}
Is there any implementation already available (like Jena API) that helps to find in-direct paths for connecting concepts?
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Thanks Federico. Actually I was looking for a solution to find all possible in-direct paths between two RDF concepts. I found that ...
  1. SPARQL was not a solution for me as I wanted to generate SPARQL queries based on the extracted paths.
  2. Jena API test tools worked for same namespace only
  3. Also different domains use different levels of in-direct paths
Finally, I came to a conclusion to write my own parser. While writing the parser, I realised that all domains do not provide reasoning with their ontology that makes the task more difficult. That gave me an idea to parse RDF datasets instead ontology parsing. Anyway I have written a very basic parser that parses RDF datasets (currently supports RDF/XML only) to find indirect paths. I will keep updating the parser up-to the requirements. The parser is found at the attached link if anyone is interested
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Is it possible to make a system learn about semantics of words, phrases or sentences? If possible, how might this be achieved?
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Have a look at NELL. NELL crawls through web pages,
searches for text phrases and tries to accumulate
ontological knowledge.
Regards,
Joachim
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Does anyone know about a tool that can do A-box level comparison of two versions of the ontology ?
I would like to compare the A-box level similarities and differences between two versions of the domain ontology.
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Hi Rafael,
Thanks for pointing out the diff tools. I believe, the task I want to do can be accomplished using ecco. Once, I have the ontologies built, I will try them out on ecco web-based front end.
Thanks,
Javed
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SUMO OWL=(T-Box)+(A-Box)
but, i want only T-box
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I am doing a quantitative analysis, so I need a tool that can gather all data, specially text, from many websites. I found Fminer, it's very useful but not free. Can you please suggest to me any tool you know similar to Fminer?
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Ok..Thank you for your answer..I will try it
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What is the functionality of each layer of layer cake . I want to get the answer of this question with an example where starting from unicode and uri (bottom most layer) to trust (top most layer), all level is described for a sentence. thanks for your support....
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Hi dear Anuj,
I consider the paper of Tim Berners Lee is the classical introduction to the semantic web technologies.
I hope you could take a look to see how this technologies should work to make possible the semantic web. 
Best regards
Luis Ramos
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Semantic web issus,algorithms,techniques
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Hi dear, 
Semantic web field is very large and complex, I recommend you to take a look in the following conference http://iswc2014.semanticweb.org/
Best regards
Luis Ramos
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Semantic annotation.
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Dear Thabet, 
You can use gate to annotate docs, and also use an ontology for such a task. Please, check the following link to check the procedure:
I have worked annnotating domain ontologies with this tool. 
Best regards
Luis Ramos
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Hello everybody, can you please mention some key semantic technologies (specific examples please) deployed in Digital Preservation? I am currently working on a DP project (called PERICLES - see link) and one of the main tasks is to deploy ontology-based representations for domain modeling. What other applications have you come across? Thanks a lot in advance!
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Hi Efstratios,
You may be interested in Europeana Project. In this project several ontologies are used to model digital objects collected from 19 leading European research libraries.
Best regards.
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As RDF and Ontology belong to two separate layers in the Semantic Web Layer cake so I want to understand the difference between these two layers? Most of the data on the internet said these two are same. Please help me to understand the difference?
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RDFS offers taxonomic relations, object relations and datatype properties.
OWL has richer vocabulary and is more expressive:
  • with OWL it is possible to specify cardinalities of object relations and datatype properties (attributes)
  • it is possible to use logical opeartors in definitions (e.g. use union of classes as a range of relation)  
For details you should compare specifications, e.g.:
 
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I have found the one available by Uni of Manchester (http://www.w3.org/2001/sw/wiki/OntologyBrowser), but I was wondering if there are any other tools out there. Google does not seem to find any alternatives, though.
Note that I am NOT looking for an ontology editor but simply for a browser.
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@Sowmya
Thank you very much for all your effort! :)
I have downloaded oBrowse and will deploy it on my local Tomcat in a while.
Meanwhile, I have also deployed Manchester's ontology browser here (http://kerveroc.gr:8888/browser/) - feel free to play around and experiment with browsing some ontologies (it has some pre-loaded ontologies, but you can also input the URL of your ontologies if you like).
Will get back to you with my feedback on the oBrowse tool.
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I have been looking for some article or presentation on the application of semantic webs and ontologies in education in China. I have not found anything until now. Does anybody know any sources related to this theme?
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You may be interested to know that China participants actively in ISO/IEC SC36 work and there is a standard "Metadata for Learning Resources" that might be of interest...ISO 19788 - a Chinese rep was a co-editor
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We are looking for a method to transform ADL files to XML format to use data mining in medical records management platforms.
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Thanks Christian for your reply.
I tell you, my question is related to transform a ADL format to XML or JSON. Indeed XML has not a fixed format, it must define this with XML schema. The question is about if someone already established some scheme that allows the automatic transform of ADL to XML or some method that establishes a relationship between ADL and JSON to create JavaScript object. There is not an obvious subject so I'm looking for some experience in this sense related to the standard UNE EN ISO13606 or OpenEHR.
Thanks again for your time and interest.
Best regards
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My current knowledge is limited to the REA ontology, the e3-value ontology, DEMO, BMO and Enterprise ontology. I would like to discover other enterprise ontologies and connect with researcher that develop/study them.
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Your question is about quantity, but I think you actually want to relate to appropriate ontologies. The Gellish project aims at supporting business and process models as well as product development and description. See also http://www.cmchr.net/Gellish-Ontology.html
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I am currently doing research into the semantic web and ontologies, and how they can support scientific research and discovery. I am interested in taxonomies and ontologies which are used to describe scientific research. Detailed ontologies exist for many domains of scientific research, but I am looking for ontologies which describe the overall structure of scientific research disciplines. For example the “topic” structure of ResearchGate itself could be seen as a classification of research topics, although it is not a full ontology. Do any such ontologies exist?