Sedimentology - Science topic

The sedimentological characteristics and fossil vertebrates studies are notoriously increasing in the earth sciences field, as a way to infer reliable information about the biota and the paleoenvironmental and paleoclimatic context. In this framework, we establish relationships among the flora, fauna and the depositional environment during the Late...

Foraminiferal and sedimentological analysis of an underwater stratigraphie section from an Amerindian habitation site at Montague Harbour, British Columbia has further documented late Holocene sea level changes. It appears that part of the documented transgression was caused by tectonic subsidence of the area (Event 1 at approx. 3500 calendar years...

The neritic region of the Chaoshan plain is located on the northeastern (NE) boundary of the South China Sea (SCS). Despite the extensive research on the stratigraphic architecture and sedimentary processes within the Chaoshan plain, the neighboring neritic area remains largely unexplored. In this study, we provide a new set of ages on seventeen qu...

Fluvial terrace formation is a complex process governed by the interplay of climatic and tectonic forcings. From a climatic perspective, an incision is usually related to climatic transitions, while valley aggradation is attributed to glacial periods. We have reconstructed the formation of Late Pleistocene fluvial terraces along the middle, mountai...

The Upper Cretaceous Nenjiang Formation in Songliao Basin is characterized by delta front subfacies, with a large area of thin channel sand and sheet sand, which is a typical problem of thin interbed identification. In this paper, based on the theoretical basis of seismic sedimentology and artificial intelligence algorithm, the application layer sl...

This study deals with the Piscina Outcrop, a Rhaetic reddish conglomeratic sandstone containing silicified logs which corresponds to the Mata Sequence in the southernmost Brazilian Paraná Basin. We performed ground-penetrating radar (GPR) analysis and the results ratified previous sequence stratigraphy analysis indicating that these deposits corres...

1. This study examined whether protected land in a tropical reservoir's catchment can promote the survival of native aquatic plants (macrophytes) and limit the spread of invasive alien plant species (macrophyte IAS), which can threaten native wildlife and require expensive remediation. As the number of tropical river dams is expected to increase in...

The end-Triassic Mass Extinction (ETME) is generally regarded as a consequence of the environmental changes associated with the emplacement of the Central Atlantic Magmatic Province (CAMP) and ranks among the 'big five' mass extinctions in Earth history. A notable feature of the ETME is a halt in marine carbonate deposition followed by the formatio...

The coastline of Essaouira is located on the Atlantic coast of Morocco. The Bay of this city is a large sandy system strongly marked by coastal and fluvial dynamics, which makes it a perfect example of sedimentology processes in a Bay area. using of satellite imagery allows us to determine the morphological evolution of the Essaouira Bay and the mo...

Received: 25 October 2022 Inner ramp carbonate and dolomitic limestone made up the late Albian Mauddud reservoir in Iraq. An age estimate for the Mauddud Formation is late Albian to early Cenomanian, with it overlying the Nahr-Umr Formation and underlying the Ahmadi Formation. The integration of microfacies with wireline logging data to predict the...

Trackways provide essential data on the biogeographic distribution, locomotion and behaviour of dinosaurs.Cretaceous dinosaur trackways are abundant in the Americas,Europe, North Africa and East Asia, but are less well documented in Central Asia despite extensive exposure of Cretaceous terrestrial sedimentary rocks in the region. Here were port the...

The past 20 years of Exploration and Production efforts within the Illizi basin (SE Algeria) have led to the constitution of a substantial subsurface database; e.g. dozens of seismic 3D volumes and several hundreds of wells penetrating the Paleozoic stratigraphy. Over here, the Lower Paleozoic megasequence (i.e. Cambrian-Ordovician-Early Silurian)...

Gorgan Bay, located southeast of the Caspian Sea, has an area of 358 km ² . This bay is connected with the Caspian Sea through the Ashooradeh-Chopoqli channels. The purpose of this research is to determine the water level fluctuation of the Caspian Sea with the physical and chemical characteristics of the sediments. for this purpose, sedimentologic...

Romania, as a maritime state, after being separated from the Black Sea coast for 400 years, until the War of Independence in 1877, has a tradition in the marine sciences for over 100 years. The illustrious ancestors of Romanian oceanography, especially biological oceanography, are Emil Racoviță, Grigore Antipa and Ioan Borcea. From an oceanographic...

The palynofacies and sedimentological analyses of the sedimentary succession of the HB-001 well were carried out to establish biozones and the palaeodepositional environment. Ninety-six samples of ditch cutting within intervals of depth of 1250 -4011 m were analyzed. Most of the previous researchers established biozones with alpha-numeric method...

La presentación de este trabajo se puede ver en youtube: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=L0SpaAxlJE4&t=1685s González Bonorino was a geologist who produced important changes in the geological community of our country in the middle of the 20th century. The beginnings of Geology in Córdoba, La Plata and Buenos Aires were linked to a strong German in...

We present geochemical and mineralogical datasets for five new mud volcanoes in continental Azerbaijan (Hamamdagh and Bendovan) and the adjacent Caspian Sea (Khara-Zire, Garasu and Sangi-Mughan). The fluid ejects have a Na–Cl-type composition and are generated by the mixing of evaporated Caspian seawater and low- to high-salinity pore waters, as in...

Black shale studies have traditionally highlighted the impact of basin circulation in the stratigraphic and sedimentologic record of ancient basins, due to its effect in the distribution of sediments and the renewal of deep water masses. A sedimentologic and ichnologic analysis was carried out in the Vaca Muerta Formation fine-grained clinoform sys...

Marine–continental transitional shale is one of the most promising targets for shale gas exploration in the Lower Yangtze region. To investigate the sedimentary environments and the regularity of the enrichment of the Longtan shale, multiple techniques including core and thin-section observations, geochemical and elemental analyses, X-ray diffracti...

Introduction: Volcanic debris avalanches mobilise large volumes and achieve long runouts with high destructive potential. However, the propagation processes that generate them are not currently explained by theoretical or numerical models, which are unable to represent deposit observations. Evaluation of the dynamics represented in deposits is ther...

The Phanerozoic Geology and Natural Resources of Egypt includes a series of chapters written by highly qualified group of researchers whose expertise is recognized and appreciated not only in Egypt, but also in the world over. The chapters span a wide range of geological subdisciplines including tectonics, paleogeography, stratigraphy, sedimentolog...

The Arrifes section (Algarve Basin, Southern Portugal) has been studied from the viewpoint of charophyte biostratigraphy. The previous sedimentological studies in this section showed that it is built of the interbedding of continental and marine facies that contain both marine and continental palynomorphs (pollen, spores, and dinoflagellates), prov...

O Professor Setembrino Petri, especialista nas áreas de Paleontologia e Estratigrafia, foi um dos maiores geocientistas do Brasil. Nascido em 25 de setembro de 1922 na cidade de Amparo, faleceu em 1 de março de 2023, em São Paulo.A maior parte de sua carreira científica desenvolveu-se na Universidade de São Paulo, onde foi consagrado como professor...

Two composite sedimentary sequences sampled in the ice-proximal (12CS) and ice-distal (02CS) areas of Coronation Fjord (Baffin Island, Nunavut, Canada) were investigated in order to reconstruct the effect of climate variability on 600 years of changes in sediment transfer from the eastern Penny Ice Cap (PIC). Detrital proxies, and physical and sedi...

We present new data from the debris-rich basal ice layers of the NEEM ice core (NW Greenland). Using mineralogical observations, SEM imagery, geochemical data from silicates (meteoric ¹⁰ Be, εNd, ⁸⁷ Sr/ ⁸⁶ Sr) and organic material (C/N, δ ¹³ C), we characterize the source material, succession of previous glaciations and deglaciations and the paleoe...

The Anambra Basin has a relatively high hydrocarbon production base compared with other Cretaceous basins in Nigeria. Structural deformation, overpressures, and faulting in the Cretaceous sequence of the Anambra Basin have resulted in significant uncertainties regarding reservoir parameters, necessitating accurate reservoir characterization. This s...

Antarctic continental margin sediments are eroded from the shelf and transported to the slope/rise in association with changing ice sheet configuration. Understanding the dynamics of this transport pathway is important for utilizing distal deep-sea sedimentary archives to determine past changes in the Antarctic ice sheet. However, these connections...

Recent observations have identified increased mass loss from Greenland marine-terminating outlet glaciers (MTOG) with implications for global sea-level rise and wider ocean circulation. The flow of Atlantic-sourced waters to the Greenland margin is thought to be a major control on MTOG behaviour. Investigation of longer-term records of the role of...

Exploration, discovery, development, and production of unconventional resources have allowed Petroleum Geologists to reengage and reinvestigate our understanding of the West Texas (Permian) Basin. These new understandings, discoveries, and development have provided and will continue to provide decades of investment, industry activity, and energy re...

The identification of mass-extinction events and the assessment of their impact on communities are key questions in palaeontology. In order to understand these catastrophic events on sharks and fish communities, it is necessary to combine reliable geological, paleontological and sedimentological data. Although the interpretation of depositional env...

Geologi merupakan ilmu yang mempelajari tentang bumi dan cara keterbentukannya yang mana terdiri dari beberapa cabang ilmu seperti Petrologi, Paeontologi, Stratigrafi, Sedimentologi, dan masih banyak sekali. ilmu geologi bisa digunakan untuk mengetahui unsur-unsur geologi yang ada pada suatu daerah. Dalam menerapkan ilmu Petrologi kali ini dilaku...

The current study uses an integrated lithofacies, optical microscopy, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis to investigate the sedimentary processes, depositional architecture, and reservoir rock potential of the Tredian Formation’s (Mid-Triassic) mixed siliciclastic and carbonate succession in the Salt and Trans-Indus Ranges. The formati...

Baffin Bay Detrital Carbonate (BBDC) layers represent periods of elevated discharge of terrigenous sediments, icebergs and freshwater originating from the North American Arctic-ice sheet complex. Distinct from Heinrich event layers in their dolomitic composition, these sedimentary deposits are found throughout Baffin Bay. They are considered a sign...

The area concerned with this study is the hydroelectric power site of Kakobola and its surroundings. The Kakobola dam is not yet operational even though the construction work is already completed. Previous studies show that those related to the sedimentological aspects are not carried out yet. The main objective of this article is to present a gran...

With potential hydrocarbon source rocks, the Mesozoic Lower Cretaceous interval in the Aitegle Sag of the Yingen-Ejinaqi Basin in China has a bright petroleum exploration prospect. Considering the scarcity of wells in Aitegle Sag, we have systematically carried out the research on the sequence structure and sedimentary system evolution of the Lower...

Salina Canyon, Utah, reveals a spectacular angular unconformity along an east-west transect through the southern part of the Wasatch Plateau. This region of Utah is well known as the eastern extent of Sevier orogenesis, but it also includes subsequent extensional overprinting. Earliest descriptions of this unconformity were published by Dutton (188...

Up to now, the widely used Mesozoic and Cenozoic chronostratigraphy of Belize has been based upon estimations and assumptions made by geological pioneers working in that country decades ago. During the 1950s, Giovanni Flores and C. G. Dixon, working independently, studied and named most of the informal, post-Paleozoic lithostratigraphy of the forme...

The late Paleocene-early Eocene warm greenhouse conditions, characterized by elevated pCO2 levels in the atmosphere and a dramatic increase in sea surface temperature, prompted abundant authigenic glauconite formation within the shallow marine sediments worldwide by lowering the net sedimentation rate, increasing organic productivity and expanding...

The Nsukka Formation (Maastrichtian-Paleocene) overlies the Ajali sandstone and characterized with coarse-medium grained sandstone and passes upward into well-bedded clays, fine-grained sandstone and carbonaceous shales with thin bands of siltstones. Lithofacies analysis method employed in this work involved logging and description of well exposed...

Marine sediments play a crucial role in the global carbon cycle by acting as the ultimate sink of both terrestrial and marine organic carbon. To understand the spatiotemporal variability in the content, sources and dynamics of organic carbon in marine sediments, a curated and harmonized database of organic carbon and associated parameters is needed...

Sedimentological and palynostratigraphical studies were performed on 189 ditch-cutting samples composited at 50 ft intervals from four well sections located in KW field, onshore western Niger Delta Basin, Nigeria, using sieving and visual microscopic observations, hydrochloric and hydrofluoric acids digestion methods to determine their lithological...

Significant gravel mines, representative of four regions of Hungary (northeast, central, northwest, and southwest) were systematically sampled to characterize their sand and pebbles as potential constituents of nuclear-grade concrete. The samples were analysed for their elemental compositions as a function of the mining locality and grain size, usi...

This study on the hydrocarbon source rocks identification of LT-1 well in a Tertiary rift basin, northern Kenya, which had oil and gas shows was based on the organic matter quantity, quality, and the thermal maturation generation capability of the organic matter disseminated in the analysed rock samples. The organic matter contents were determined...

The Skull Creek Formation is a succession of marine mudstones and sandstones within the Lower Cretaceous Dakota Group. The formation contains the earliest record of marine deposition and ocean connection in the Western Interior seaway, yet its depositional environments, stratigraphic correlations, and paleo-geographic evolution remain poorly unders...

Valley infills are essential for understanding changes in hydrology and landscape. Anthropogenic activities are proven by prehistoric settlement remains, which mark distinct sediments and soils as usable land during certain time periods. In 2009 and 2018/19, excavations by the Saxonian Archaeological Heritage Office were conducted in the Elbe valle...

The Carnian Pluvial Episode (CPE) is a period during which the rainfall was extremely intense and greatly influenced the deposition in different sedimentary environments globally. However, the relationship between the CPE and turbidite deposition remains poorly known. Here we investigate a giant lacustrine turbidite system of the Triassic Ordos Bas...

The Arden Sandstone Formation of central and western England is a thin but conspicuous arenaceous unit within the Late Triassic Mercia Mudstone Group. Sedimentological and palaeontological data point to lacustrine depositional conditions, in contrast to the red desert mudstones above and below which were deposited as continental dryland desert floo...

Inner ramp carbonate and dolomitic limestone made up the late Albian Mauddud reservoir in Iraq. An age estimate for the Mauddud Formation is late Albian to early Cenomanian, with it overlying the Nahr-Umr Formation and underlying the Ahmadi Formation. The integration of microfacies with wireline logging data to predict the high resolution of the se...

An integrated subsurface study has been performed for a large and mature field at the Bekasap Formation in Central Sumatra Basin. The Bekasap Formation sand represents an undeveloped reservoir because of its heterogeneity. There are five sand reservoirs (BK1, BK2, BK3, BK4, and BK5) from Bekasap Formation, which each zone or layer bounded by a floo...

Structural studies foresee a detailed three-dimensional model. In this work we present the results of constructing a virtual outcrop at the quarry base in the city of Turka. Such objects are especially valuable for structural geology, sedimentology, mining, etc. From a geological point of view, it is located in the Outer Ukrainian Carpathians, tect...

Despite their global societal importance, the volumes of large-scale volcanic eruptions remain poorly constrained. Here, we integrate seismic reflection and P-wave tomography datasets with computed tomography-derived sedimentological analyses to estimate the volume of the iconic Minoan eruption. Our results reveal a total dense-rock equivalent erup...

Growth of the Tibetan Plateau, Earth’s broadest and highest elevation collisional system, shapes orographic barriers, reorganizes drainage networks, and influences surface erosion and sediment delivery, whose changes in space and provenance feed back to intracontinental tectonic processes. Studies of interior basins within the northern Tibetan Plat...

The study deals with the upper contact of Qamchuqa Formation with the overlying Bekhme area of northern Iraq. This surface is characterized by presence of autobreccia bed including angular grains of (0.05_30cm in size) and composed of dolomite with disseminated black dolomite fragments which may indicates their subaerial exposure. Cementing materia...

Since the last deglaciation, Baffin Bay between Greenland and Canada developed from an isolated marginal sea to a major Arctic-Atlantic throughflow closely linked to the North Atlantic circulation. While the initial steps of gateway openings through Lancaster Sound and Nares Strait to northern Baffin Bay are reasonably well documented, far less is...

Some previous studies have already highlighted the importance of Quaternary sediments as geoheritage, although the related knowledge remains incomplete and geographically biased. Unique Quaternary features are often overlooked in areas famous for their pre-Quaternary geoheritage. Moreover, the already established high-value linked to pre-Quaternary...

The Aksa beach, located in the eastern suburb of Mumbai near Malad, is highly dynamic and experiences frequent spatial and temporal morphological changes, leading to sediment distribution issues and a high risk of drowning hazards. It is essential to identify the beach stage for effective beach management and reducing drowning risk. This study aims...

Loess–palaeosol sequences (LPSs) of the oceanic-influenced European loess belt underwent frequent post-depositional processes induced by surface runoff or periglacial processes. The interpretation of such atypical LPSs is not straightforward, and they cannot be easily used for regional to continental correlations. Within the last few years, however...

The Late Pleistocene Jupania palaeoglacier (area 0.85 km2, 1.7 km long) was reconstructed in the headwaters of the Ceremuşul Alb/Bilyj Cheremosh valley (Maramureş Mountains). The study area represents one of the most inaccessible natural areas in the Romanian part of the Eastern Carpathians where the legacy of the Pleistocene glaciation has recentl...

Global warming enhances atmospheric moisture loading and will likely affect monsoon strength in Vietnam. Without a long written history in Vietnam, we need to rely on geoarchives such as lake sediments to reconstruct past monsoon variability and regional paleoenvironmental fluctuations and evaluate current climatic trends. Natural lakes in the Cent...

The ocean bottom morphology, depth, sediment grain size, sediment sorting, carbonate content, and water depth are used to compose seafloor maps as support for biological studies. Sediments are reworked by waves and currents and accumulate according to the hydrodynamic level on the continental shelf. In contrast, sediments are accumulated by pelagic...

Gravity currents, such as sediment-laden turbidity currents, are ubiquitous natural flows that are driven by a density difference. Turbidity currents have provided vital motivation to advance understanding of this class of flows because their enigmatic long run-out and driving mechanisms are not properly understood. Extant models assume that materi...