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Sedimentary Basins - Science topic
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Questions related to Sedimentary Basins
I'm a PhD student researching seismic amplification in a NZ sedimentary basin. I hope that somebody will be able to help me in my interpretation of the 2D seismic lines that traverse the basin. As per the attached image, I am somewhat baffled by the amount confusion in the seismic signals below the surface(shown within red rectangles) that are appearing where I would expect a regular stratigraphic sequence. I have attempted to delineate fault lines but I don't know how successful I am in this aspect. I point out that the mid formation (250-1250m) is consolidated marine sediments, above this mostly sediments from a volcanic source (silts, sands and pebbles mostly unconsolidated).
While the region has historically been understood as passive in terms of seismic activity, this may not be the case as this research may prove.
One of the suggestions for the signal complexity is that the surface region has been so fractured by seismic activity that the resulting unsorted and unstratified volcanic sediments impair the clarity of the signal that is penetrating below.
I hope that someone with experience may have an answer.
agglutinated fossil foraminifera buried deeply in sedimentary basins can be used to estimate thermal maturity which is a key factor for petroleum generation , and estimate old marine depths.
This is a similar question to a previous posting of mine. I have a range of seismic isochron maps representing different horizons in a sedimentary basin (files attached). I have no further information other than these maps and would like to convert the contours to depth. I point out that the index contours have a depth (in brackets) beside the contour value but I can't work out the intermediate lines. I need to obtain a constant conversion factor and I can't get this from the index values as it changes with increasing TWT.
Also, there a number of parallel lines that bisect the isochrons, are these faults?
Thank you
Dave
I am developing an inversion algorithm to decipher Moho architecture from observed gravity anomalies using the Airy hypothesis. Therefore, I am in need of a real-world case study to validate my algorithm. I would appreciate it if you could suggest a thick sedimentary basin where I can apply the Airy hypothesis for Moho interpretation.
Are you interested in reservoir characterization? Want to learn about tools that can be applied to oil & gas, critical minerals, and CCUS? Then consider participating in the Premier-Corex short course at the 2023 Rocky Mountain Section AAPG meeting in Bismarck this June. Can't make it to North Dakota? No problem! There's a virtual option. See below for details and links to the meeting registration site:
What: RMS-AAPG Premier Corex Short Course
When: June 4 (Sunday) 2023, 8 am to 5 pm
Where: Radisson Hotel Bismarck (room TBD); virtual component*
Sponsoring Organization(s): Premier-Corex; AAPG Rocky Mountain Section
Title: Applications of Reservoir Characterization Workflows to a Range of Geologic Energy Resources in Sedimentary Basins
Instructors
Mike Dix (Premier Corex) - Geology and petrology
Jules Reed (Premier-Aberdeen) - Core analysis, special core analysis, flow studies in general
Sean Arrington (Premier-Houston) - Rock mechanics
Peter Johnson (Carbon Solutions) - Reactive transport and other modeling
Organizers
Mike Dix (Premier Corex), Bryan Guzman (Premier Corex), Bret Fossum (UND-EERC), Tim Nesheim (NDGS), and Justin Birdwell (USGS)
Description: This 1-day course will provide a review of reservoir characterization workflows for sedimentary basins relevant to development of variety of different resources. A variety of topics will be covered, including (for details, visit: https://www.rms-aapg2023-bismarck.com/short-courses):
Who Should Attend: Geoscientists and engineers interested in reservoir characterization using core, cuttings, and other data types to develop conventional and unconventional oil & gas resources, carbon sequestration prospects, and critical elements/minerals in sedimentary basins.
Morning Schedule
Unconventional Resources (2 hours)
Conventional Resources (2 hours)
Afternoon Schedule
Critical Elements/Minerals (1.5 hours)
CCUS (2.5 hours)
Register here
Fees (in-person and virtual options)
Professionals: $200
Students: $50
Virtual Attendees: $125
*Note, virtual attendees may not be able to view all content due to use of proprietary data in some modules.
Includes: Handouts, presentations, Q&A: light breakfast and boxed lunches provided for in-person attendees
Is there any effective way to reconstruct the thermal history of deep carbonate formations?
I know that there is a Δ47/(U-Pb) method, but is this method too harsh for the selection of carbonate samples?
A good number of Palaeocene-Eocene LBF taxa are reported mostly from the East-Coast sedimentary basins as well as Rajasthan Basins in India. Many of these genera / species have considerable index marker value in the stratigraphy and need to be defined on precise quantitative criteria in order to limit their morphological variation, thus making them more useful for finer stratigraphy. This will also open-up understanding their phylogenetic relationship through geological time. Initially genera like Laffetina, Lockhartia, Sakesaria, Ranikothalia and others may be taken up for the studies.
Hi, my name is Afaha Chidera i'm a 300 level student of Petroleum Engineering, Covenant University. I'm currently working on a presentation, on the Eastern Dahomey Basin, and i've been checking for pictures, detailed images anything that can put a image on how it looks for better explanation in class, all i've been seeing are images on the map showing it's location.
I would really appreciate it if anyone can give me more explanation on it and/or a link for a picture that can help me understand it better. Thank you.
I am studying the thermal effect of the large Igneous Province recently. Is there any way to do it?
I found quite huge idiomorphic apatite crystals (up to 0,5 mm) in the Anisian shallow water limestones and they look pretty much like porphyroblasts with pressure shadows. Limestones are highly recrystallized with mylonitic texture.
Whether an increase in temperature can cause the growth of apatites from phosphorus rich limestones?
What is the origin of phosphorus?
except for the vitrinite reflectance, conodont and acritarch colour alteration, fission tracks, (U-Th)/He, is there any new methods to reconstruct the thermal history of sedimentary basins?
i need to know the different methods and geological parameters for characterization of sedimentary basin and to know the tectonic evolution of that. will it be helpful in getting the mineralization localization.
Dear colleagues, if someone can answer me, may a Geophysicists who are familiar with both, elastic seismic inversion and effective elastic thickness (EET) estimation from gravity data.
Introduction:
An elastic material such as the Earth´s interior is defined by Vp, Vs, and density.
Density is one of the most important properties influencing the sedimentary basins: Lateral density variations drive mass transport on all scales, from plate tectonics (e.g. Forsyth & Uyeda 1975; Chapple & Tullis 1977; Bunge et al. 2003; Liu & Gurnis 2008; Warners-Ruckstuhl et al. 2012), mantle convection (Turcotte & Schubert 2014) and oil and gas reservoir in sedimentary basins by quantitative seismic, e.g., structure, stratigraphy, velocity, density, porosity (Zhang and McMillan, 2018).
Question:
How is the relationship that may exist between flexural rigidity/density derived from gravity, and elastic parameters derived from seismic prestack elastic inversion? How could constrain the answers?
Best regards, Mario E. Sigismondi
I am looking for an electronic version of:
King, C., Gale, A.S., Barry, T.L. 2016. A revised correlation of Tertiary rocks in the British Isles and adjacent areas of NW Europe. Geological Society of London, London, 724 pp.
I realize that large parts are available via GoogleBooks but many passages are missing there. I am especially interested in the chapters including non-marine deposits, such as those dealing with the North Sea, London and Hampshire basins.
Best regards, Thomas Neubauer
In large sedimentary basins surrounded by mountainous glaciers, mountainous runoff feeding the basin increases as a consequence of enhanced glacier melting. In this context, it woud be useful to assessing this effect if groundwater regime is monitored in regions that are affected, in particular, the alluvial fans.
This qestion intends to stimulate a discussion on this by collecting examples and datasets from different regions to achieve a common understading of the issue.
What are the strong evidences to distinguish the forearc basin, the intra-arc basin and the back-arc basin in the present sedimentary environment?I would appreciate it if you could explain it in as much detail as possible.
How spatial inhomogeneity in paleoclimate records biased the interpretation of past climate variability. In some of the model-based studies, the advantage of spatial homogenous gridded data has been discussed beautifully. But I couldn't find any literature or article dealing with the role of the spatial distribution of climate data in paleoclimate study.
I would appreciate your suggestions.
Thank you
I am studying a sedimentary basin and there are sediments missed during an uplift episode, I have 3 wells with %Ro values and I want to estimate the amount of the erosion for each well.
I would like to know the fast and easiest way to differentiate aeolian and fluvial silt by looking at the samples itself.
just wondering if there is any published material on how the stereochemistry of environmentally important biomarkers could be affected by the paleo-strain the rocks in a sedimentary basin were subjected to (e.g. folding).
What is the difference between the hydrogeological system and the aquifer system?
I am looking for publications demonstrating the sedimentation VS subsidence rates in minibasin settings and the controlling factors. Sedimentation type and architecture would be helpful as well.
Hello every one
I'm looking for finding geochemical-Mineral proxies in order to investigate progradation and transgression Arvand Delta in northwest of Persian Gulf (south-eastern extension of the Mesopotamian sedimentary basin).
I will appreciate you introduce me geochemical - mineralogy proxies (fingerprint) for studying about fall and rise of sea level and better detecting of sedimentary environments (fluvial and tidal, coastal marine).
Also I would appreciate it very much if you introduce another person who has worked on this issue.
Thank you for your kind guidance
Esteemed Geoscientist,
May I request you to kindly provide me an opportunity for joint research work on petroleum geoscience seismic imaging orogenic belt fold and thrust belt sedimentary basin hydrocarbon exploration
IGCP 662 UNESCO PROJECT
IGCP 667 www.ccgm.org
WITH BEST REGARDS
SUNJAY
What may be the suitable depth for deep & ultra-deep formation in sedimentary basins?
Deep: > 3500 or 4000 or 4500 m?
Ultra-deep : > 4500 or 5000 or 6000 m?
Lots of study have suggest that kerogen will be decomposed to generate hydrocarbon and pyrobitum in sedimentary?
Anyhow, what will be the final fate of the kerogen (and pyrobitumen) at extremely high temperatrue (eg. >200℃)?
This facies belong to upper Cretaceous in the Azarbailan, NW Iran. this is a lime sandstone or sandy limestone that deposited in marine environments. I need more discusstons about this facies with references .
Photos take by 4 and 10 lens of microscope.
Tanks
Mobin
Hello every one
I'm looking for finding geochemical-Mineral proxies in order to investigate progradation and transgression Arvand Delta in northwest of Persian Gulf (south-eastern extension of the Mesopotamian sedimentary basin).
I will appreciate you introduce me geochemical - mineralogy proxies (fingerprint) for studying about fall and rise of sea level and better detecting of sedimentary environments (fluvial and tidal, coastal marine).
Also I would appreciate it very much if you introduce another person who has worked on this issue.
Thank you for your kind guidance
Can anyone suggest me a good numerical modelling software capable of doing a 3D settlement analysis of a sedimentary basin where buildings slump due to self weight consolidation as the study area is formed completely by sedimentary (clay) material brought down by river discharge.
Dear Friends: Is there any peer-reviewed research papers/publications regarding influence of oxidation-reduction conditions upon distribution of geochemical elements in coaly sediments? I’ve conducted several downhole ICP-MS analysis followed by systematic well logging operations within a thermal coal mine. Geochemical data processing of the resulted data indicates considerable amounts of trace elements in the coal bearing argillite-shales. I’m now thinking about further studies to answer my doubts regarding the concentration mechanism of the elements and the corresponding mineralization evolution. Hence, the hypothesis is that: Redox condition might effect on the element partitioning process in this sedimentary basin. Any Ideas? Thanks.
To calculate CIA and also plot the data on A-CN-K ternary diagram, I need to know the CaO in silicate minerals only, so reliable correcting method.
I have estimated hydraulic conductivity of aquifer samples in a sedimentary basin from grain size analysis using Hazen, Kozeny -Carman, Brayer,Slitcher,USBR methods and tried to correlate them with the available pumping test data but to my greatest surprise, the correlation coefficient between the Pumping test values and those of the hydraulic conductivity estimated using the above mentioned methods is less than 0.5
what means the significance of the presence of ankerite in the anoxic sedimentary environment?
Hello, every one, I’m a college student. Recently, our group drilled a core in a sedimentary basin, with aim to construct the mountain building and climate change history. Now we obtain the geochemical data, like the major and trace element. However, I don’t know how to differentiate the effect of provenance and climate on the geochemical characters respectively. If we explain the change of element as the climate signals, how can I exclude the effect of the signals of the source rocks and vice versa?
the quick transformation zone of clay mineral (especially I/S)usually marks the division of diagenetic stage. it is common or not? How did it come into being?
I am interested in the comparison of historical sedimentation rates as well as mass accumulation rates in sedimentary basins in Quaternary, Pliocene and Miocene. Can anyone supply me with reference? Table would be nice. I suspect that Bengal Fan, Foaz Amazonas, some interior basins are high on the list? I searched but could not find a reference anywhere.
As we know, there are many software for 1D site response analysis, namely SHAKE, DEEPSOIL...
Now, I need a software for 3D site response analysis. Is there any commercial software for 3D analysis of basin response to ground motion?
Can we use ANSYS or ABAQUS or PLAXIS for 3D analysis of basin response to long-period ground motion?
See photos below
I met these structures on limestone dolomites for the first time ...
They correspond to what types of structures?
How to measure them?
What are the parameters to be taken into account?
What is their importance in the study of sedimentary basins?
Can someone give me PDF documents to understand them better?
Thank you dear colleagues
Dear all,
The fluvial sediments are highly enriched in Carbonates due to the presence of calcrete nodules (Kankars). It is thereby giving higher percentage of CaO in XRF results which in turn is reducing the concentration of other oxides, especially SiO2% (Attached Excel File). Kindly suggest me best and easiest way to remove the carbonates from sediment powder (oven dried) before doing the XRF analysis. The procedure should not be time consuming since I have huge data.
Looking forward to your kind replies ASAP.
Thanks & regards,
Ashok
K=0.02, SO4=14.5, Cl=1.5, Na=28
Approximate location of sample: 38°08'21.3"N 46°28'37.4"E
Measurements are accurate and the unite for all the ions is meq/l. 24 water samples are gathered from a river which routes in a sedimentary basin, results are roughly similar for all the samples.
I am not sure about polyhalite but no thenardite reported in the area.
How to measure and compute the sediment yield in a river basin.
Am working on the birimian Basin granitoids in Ghana. Petrographic observations, major, trace element and ree geochemistry show that the granitoids rocks have been derived from crustal anatexis of the host proterozoic metasedimentary biotite schist but isotopic values reported by other authors show that the rocks are from a juvenile mantle source. However am I of the view that it is the due to the primitive nature of the proterozoic sediments that is given isotopic signatures of a possible mantle source. As such how would like to know how to prove the primitive nature of the host metasedimentary biotite schist in support of my argument using the trace elements and ree.
The lacustrine rift basins always are characterized by multiple faults and depositional centers and have undergone multiple tectonic activation episodes. Complex basin architectures of rifted basins are well recorded by the coexistence of multiple faults, uplifts, and and sags (sub-sags). Besides, the proximal and multiple source sediment provenances create different patterns of multiple cycles, stages and depositional centers with diverse sedimentary facies. Sediment provenance analysis is an important aspect for the non-marine sedimentary basin and is useful for identifying the essential elements of the sedimentary systems. How to provide a clear view of available S2S methods, investigate the sediment provenance and dispersal patterns of the Paleogene may be an important task in the future exploration of the lacustrine rift basins.
shell is minute with distinctive sculptures, however without a sharp boundary to distinguish the protoconch and teleconch.
Based on the sedimentary structures like flaser bedding and intermingling of marine and terrestrial sediments, these traces are probably from tidal flats.
Fellow geologists I appreciate your comments in advance.
A word file and Also the photos are attached below.
Regards
+3
These are SEM and sample images of Cretaceous carbonates of Tucano Basin, Brazil.
An approximatelly 5 cm thick layer with high concentration of elongated shapes(coprolites, bioturbation?) forms a laterally continuous marker in the area, different of stratas bellow and above (microbial mats, ostracodites, etc.).
I am working in the Tampico-Misantla Basin in the norteast Mexico wich is a foreland basin that have four tectonosequence boundaries, the first one is related to the rift phases relating that leads to the opening of the Gulf of Mexico (Late Triassic to Late Jurassic-Oxfordian), the second is Passive Margin, but we are found inverted structures during Kimmeridgian and Tithonian, that controlled the sedimentation in the basin. Can you help me to find another analogue?
I am continually getting an error 'ERROR 41423: Channel is not defined for sediment routing in reach "Reach-1"'. From what I have seen HEC-HMS is not really used for sediment routing but I want to test it out in a simple model (1 sub-basin, 1 outlet connected by a reach). I have set all of parameters according to the User's manual with no luck, has anyone successfully used it? I am using the Uniform Equilibrium sediment method for the reach and the Laursen-Copeland transport potential for the basin. I am unsure how to remedy it. Any suggestions are appreciated. Thank you.
Can Origin of Sedimentary Basin be of Non Tectonic type
Hi,
does anyone know if secondary Love waves can be generated by Rayleigh wave interaction with a sedimentary basin boundary?
I have found prior work that showcases generation of secondary Rayleigh and Love waves due to the incident of S-waves on sedimentary basin boundaries for both the observational case and numerical calculations. From a purely simplified point of view the horizontal energy of a Rayleigh wave should excite Love waves when hitting a perpendicular sedimentary boundary.
Does anyone know of any results pointing towards or against such mechanism.
Any help is greatly appreciated.
Hi to all!
I have some difficulties to find this:
Deibis, S., Futyan, A.R.I., Ince, D.M., Morley, R.J., Seymour,
W.P. and Thompson, S., 1986. The stratigraphic framework
of the Nile Delta and its implications with respect to the
regions hydrocarbon potential. Proc. 8th Explor. Conf.,
EGPC Cairo
Can anyone help me?
Thank you!
It is well-known that AVO utilized the fact that Vp of a rock changes dramatically when 10% of gas saturation is introduced to a full water saturation rock, and it is mainly related to the bulk modulus of the rock which changes dramatically during increasing gas saturation from 0 to 10%. The question is why the decrease in bulk modulus of a rock is not as rapid as it is after 10% of gas saturation. Attached is a general bulk modulus vs water saturation/ gas saturation graph.
What is the rationale behind the selection of such grain size?
Can somebody provide any relevant references on the methodology for sampling fine grain active stream sediments?
It is a common experience that from seismic sections one can identify mostly the first order unconformity surfaces and if the data quality is too good, second order events can also be detected. However, when in the same area, well log data is studied, we start getting third order and sometimes still higher order unconformities. I just want to know the practical significance of studying multi-order sequence stratigraphy and ultimately where should we stop.
In the study of groundwater circulation in large sedimentry basins, it is neccessary to predict permeability variations with dpth. Different models have been proposed, such as linear and logrithmic ones. However, exceptions are often encountered. Is it now a question if such rule exists for all basins or it is entirely site-specific.
Dear Experts,
I am a Master student in Aix-Marseille University, Reservoir Carbonate Geology faculty, France. I am looking further information about the techniques Back-Stripping in sedimentary basins in particular for my higher studies.
Thank you in advanced for your priceless help.
Yours faithfully,
SALEM Ramzi.
Geothermal waters are contained in formations in large sedimentary basins around the world. However, injection of used water is difficult issue to handle. It is therefore neccessary to improve or enhance the formation PORO by weak acids. CO2 is recommended due to the fact that it helps to reduce emmissions to the atmosphere.
I am working on a project which involves the delineation of sedimentary basin from a basement terrain. The area of focus is the boundary between the two rock types. I need advise on how best to make use of the aeromagnetic data that covers the entire boundary area
''In sedimentary basins, it is commonly assumed that the overburden (sv) is the maximum principle stress and, thus, the least principle stress is oriented horizontally'' (Reilly and Flemings, 2010).
Hi!
There are many examples of the use of ichnology in hydrocarbon reservoir studies.I'm interested if there are any examles of application of ichnology to theinterpretation of the rocks successions hosting VMS or even other types of metallic deposits (bathymetry,depositional enviroments,relationship of trace fossils development to the sedimentary basins with volcanic actyvity). I have one paper of Sainty R.A.(1992)Shallow-Water Stratigraphy at the Mount Chalmers Volcanic-Hosted Massive Sulfide Deposit, Queensland, Australia. Maybe there is some more recent information?
Thanks
I have discharge data for 10 years. I am trying to find the response of the basin if i had more years data. Please give your valuable suggestions
Dear all,
I‘d like to know the sedimentary enviroment of Cratacuous formations, Pre-salt and post-salt formations in Brazil's Santos basin. If they are lacustrine environment at riftting period and neritic facies at driftting period? Please show me more informations about the depositional enviroment, especially that of Itapema and Barra Velha formations.
Thanks a lot!
The modern sedimentary pyrite always has light d56Fe composition. The main Fe source of such pyrite should be derived from the terrigenous reactive Fe. The iron compounds involved include Fe oxyhydroxides (ferrihydrite, goethite, lepidocrocite) and Fe oxides (hematite and magnetite). In theory, the Fe oxides involving ferric iron should behave heavy d56Fe. However, study focus on iron isotopic composition of such terrigenous iron oxides is quite limted. Can anyone offer some special cases to prove that such Fe oxides behave heavy d56Fe.
Gypsum and pyrite are two essential minerals that are being used in the reconstruction of past environmental condition. Several evidence indicated that the authigenic precipitation of gypsum mineral is associated with the evaporation processes. However, authigenic pyrite mineral is linked with the anoxic environment within the lake basin.
My questions are:
1. What are the factors affecting the precipitation of gypsum and pyrite minerals?
2. Is it possible that the gypsum may also precipitate in the fresh water (non-evaporitic) condition?
3. Is there any evidence that indicates the association of gypsum and pyrite in a freshwater condition?
Any specialist on this platform. In sand grade beach sediments, how do you explain the preponderance of rutile over zircon and tuormaline and vice versa while suggesting provenance?
Thin high grade coal deposits including carbonized remains of vegetal matter are known from deep-sea settings of appreciable lateral extent, serving as good source rock for hydrocarbons, such as in South China sea and elsewhere. What specific conditions prevailed in deep-sea to permit genesis of high grade coal?
Can we conclude that sedimentation rate in a sedimentary basin increases when chemical weathering at the source area intensifies? (Lacustrine black shale)
Which method is best to study the subsurface structures in a densely desert basin?