Scintillation - Science topic

AMoRE (Advanced Mo-based Rare process Experiment) is an international collaboration searching for the neutrinoless double-beta decay of the 100Mo isotope with cryogenic detectors using molybdate (100MoO4)-based scintillation crystals. The process requires that the detector apparatus and its components, including bolometric crystals and thus initial...

Improving mortar shielding properties to preserve environmental and human safety in radiation facilities is essential. Conventional cement mortars, composed of cement, water, and lime aggregate, are crucial for radiation shielding. Using recycled aggregates to produce new mortar and concrete compositions has attracted the attention of several resea...

Semiconductor-based X-ray detectors with low detectable thresholds become critical in medical radiography applications. However, their performance is generally limited by intrinsic defects or unresolved issues of materials, and developing a novel scintillation semiconductor for low-dose X-ray detection is a highly urgent objective. Herein, a high-q...

Scintillating materials that convert ionizing radiation into low-energy photons hold great potential for radiation detection, nondestructive inspection, medical radiography, and space exploration. However, organic scintillators are characterized by low radioluminescence, while bulky inorganic scintillators are not suitable for the development of fl...

In this work, a dedicated campaign by MetOp-A satellite is conducted to monitor the ionosphere based on radio-occultation (RO) measurements provided by the onboard GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System) Receiver for Atmospheric Sounding (GRAS). The main goal is to analyze the capabilities of the collected data to represent the bending angle and...

The performance of Low-Density Parity-Check (LDPC)-coded Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) is investigated over turbulence channels in underwater wireless optical communications (UWOC). The relation between the bit error ratio (BER) and parameters such as the scintillation coefficient, signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), length of LDPC cod...

The High Energy cosmic-Radiation Detection facility (HERD) is a calorimetric experiment planned to be launched in 2027. It will be operational for at least 10 years on board the China Space Station. With HERD we will measure the energy flux of cosmic protons and heavier nuclei from 30 GeV up to, for the first time in space, a few PeV. We will searc...

Quantum-well (QW) hybrid organic-inorganic perovskite (HOIP) crystals, e.g. A2Pb2X4 (A = BA, PEA, X = Br, I), demonstrated significant potentials as scintillating materials for wide energy radiation detection compared to their individual three-dimensional (3D) counterparts, e. g. BPbX3 (B = MA). Inserting 3D into QW structures resulting new structu...

Perovskite materials have demonstrated great potential for ultrafast scintillators with high light yield. However, the decay time of perovskite still could not be further minimized into sub-nanosecond region, while sub-nanosecond scintillators are highly demanded in various radiation detection, including high-speed X-ray imaging, time-of-flight (TO...

We have shown previously that the Murchison Widefield Array (MWA), can detect hundreds of Interplanetary Scintillation (IPS) sources simultaneously across a field of view $\sim30^\circ$ in extent. To test if we can use this capability to track heliospheric structures, we undertook a search of 88 hours of MWA IPS data, and identified an observation...

Xenon is a widely used detector target material due to its excellent scintillation properties in the ultraviolet (UV) spectrum. The additional use of infrared (IR) scintillation light could improve future detectors. However, a comprehensive characterization of the IR component is necessary to explore its potential. We report on the first measuremen...

CLLBC(Ce) and TLYC(Ce) are novel scintillation materials capable of measuring mixed gamma ray and neutron radiation fields that have gained significant interest in the areas of space and nuclear safety/security science. To date Geant4, the world's most popular Monte Carlo radiation modelling toolkit, has yet to be effectively used to simulate the f...

A two-dimensional beam monitoring detector named π2 has been developed and tested at the Bern University Hospital, using an 18 MeV proton beam provided by a medical cyclotron. This non-destructive device utilises a scintillating compound (P47 phosphor) coated onto a thin aluminium foil that is angled at 45∘ with respect to the beam axis. The scinti...

The Global Positioning System (GPS) plays an important role in navigation and positioning services. When GPS signals propagate through a complex space environment, they are susceptible to interference of ionospheric scintillation. As one of the biggest interference sources on GPS navigation and positioning, ionospheric scintillation will lead to si...

Gamma Scanning is the best technique to carry out an internal inspection of any process equipment, without interrupting production. In the present research work, the design and model of lab scaled column and gamma column scanning system was constructed and gamma scanning of column was carried out the gamma transmission measurement at Nuclear Engine...

There is the possibility of determining the ionospheric scintillation index by a modified GPStation-6 dual-frequency receiver of GPS/GLONASS global navigation satellite systems by measuring small-scale fluctuations in the total electron content of the ionosphere and calculating their standard deviation. Based on the analysis of the shortcomings of...

The granite complex in the Maohuo area of Litang County is located in the central and western parts of the Yidun-Shaluri island arc in the Sanjiang area; the intrusion is located in the sand slate of the Tumugou Formation in Daocheng District. In this paper, the petrographic analysis of the granodiorite porphyry and biotite monzogranite in the gran...

Turbulence can cause effects such as light intensity fluctuations and phase fluctuations when a laser is transmitted in the atmosphere, which has serious impacts on a number of optical engineering application effects and on climate improvement. Therefore, accurately obtaining real-time turbulence intensity information using lidar-active remote sens...

Silicon photomultipliers (SiPMs) are emerging as the photodetector technology to be used in upcoming noble liquid experiments. Newly developed SiPMs sensitive to vacuum ultraviolet (VUV) light will be directly used for the readout of scintillation photons ( λ = 175 nm) from liquid xenon in future tonne-scale experiments, such as nEXO, searching for...

Inorganic scintillators are widely used for scientific, industrial and medical applications. The development of 3D printing with inorganic scintillators would allow the fast creation of detector prototypes for the registration of ionizing radiation, such as alpha, beta and gamma particles in thin layers of active material, and X-ray radiation. This...

We investigated the correlation between the surface finish and luminescence properties of chemically polished cerium-doped single-crystal Gd3Al2Ga3O12 scintillators (Ce:GAGG), from the crystallographic perspective. The intrinsic defects in the crystals were identified via photoluminescence spectroscopy followed by scanning electron microscopy and X...

Additive manufacturing techniques enable a wide range of possibilities for novel radiation detectors spanning simple to highly complex geometries, multi-material composites, and metamaterials that are either impossible or cost prohibitive to produce using conventional methods. The present work identifies a set of promising formulations of photocura...

Organic scintillators exhibit fast timing, high detection efficiency for fast neutrons and pulse shape discrimination (PSD) capability. PSD is essential in mixed radiation fields, where different types of radiation need to be detected and discriminated. In neutron measurements for nuclear security and non proliferation effective PSD is crucial, bec...

GYAGG:Tb (Ce) scintillators have been confirmed to be promising sources of light emission when excited by an intense 150 keV electron beam. The saturation of the scintillation yield under such excitation conditions has been studied. To explain the results obtained, a model that considers the Auger quenching mechanism was used. The Ce-doped material...

The use of Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) for air and terrestrial navigation and for many applications is increasing in the last decades. However, the Earth’s ionosphere causes GNSS signal delay due to the total electron content (TEC) and scintillation in the signal phase and amplitude. This scintillation can give rise to deleterious eff...

Evaluation of health benefits and risks from the intake of salt is paramount importance, the major estimate for high blood pressure, the nature of radioactivity and the minerals' concentration. The present study examines the elemental concentration and radioactivity for eight samples of commonly used table salts in El-Beida city, employing the Flam...

14C-urea breath tests (UBTs) can be used to diagnose helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection. This study aimed to evaluate the accuracy of a solid scintillation 14C-UBT in diagnosing H pylori infection. This open-label, prospective multicenter study enrolled patients who underwent H pylori screening from January 7, 2020, to October 28, 2020, in 3...

Ionospheric scintillation affects the positioning, navigation and timing services of the Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS), calling for an urgent need for scintillation monitoring on a global scale. To monitor the ionospheric scintillation with each carrier of the 30-s sampling interval GNSS observations, a scintillation extraction method i...

Due to the present industrial world, the risk of radioactivity is notably increasing. Thus, an appropriate shielding material needs to be designed to protect humans and the environment against radiation. In view of this, the present study aims to design new composites of the main matrix of bentonite–gypsum with a low-cost, abundant, and natural mat...

The purpose of this study was to investigate the radiological quality of drinking water in Ma’an governorate, which includes the archeological city of Petra and is one of Jordan’s most important tourist destinations. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first study in southern Jordan that investigates radioactivity in drinking water a...

The performance of satellite-to-ground laser-based communication links is highly affected by atmospheric turbulence. Coherent detection with spatial diversity at the ground station receiver can mitigate the scintillation effects caused by atmospheric turbulence. Traditionally, the scintillation effects are modeled based on the Kolmogorov spectrum m...

The Electron-Ion Collider (EIC) is a future particle accelerator to be built at the Brookhaven National Laboratory, and the primary purpose of experiments at the EIC is to resolve the question of partonic structure of nucleons and nuclei. To achieve the physics goals of the EIC, a hadron calorimeter of high energy resolution is required at forward...

Hydrogen-bonded organic frameworks (HOFs) are assembled via non-covalent secondary interactions that are scintillating examples of porous crystalline materials. This protocol highlights the synthesis and characterization of U selective, permanently porous, hydrolytically stable single-component CSMCRIHOF-1. We describe the steps to synthesize hydro...

Future TOF-PET will be in need of ultra-fast scintillation materials, with potential seen in cross-luminescence (CL). BaF2, for example, shows a sub-100ps decay time with 300 photons produced per MeV. However, it poses challenges such as medium radiation length, low photofraction, moderate light yield and vacuum ultraviolet (VUV) emission around 20...

The propagation phenomenon for satellite communication links is affected by the elevation angle of the satellite. Low elevation angles can cause signal attenuation due to increased atmospheric absorption, increased multipath fading, and rain attenuation. These effects can lead to decreased signal-to-noise ratio, reduced link availability, and degra...

We simulate scattering delays from the interstellar medium to examine the effectiveness of three estimators in recovering these delays in pulsar timing data. Two of these estimators use the more traditional process of fitting autocorrelation functions to pulsar dynamic spectra to extract scintillation bandwidths, while the third estimator uses the...

An anti-neutrino detector (a prototype of VIDARR) was deployed at the Wylfa Magnox nuclear power station between 2014 and 2016. It was comprised of extruded plastic scintillating bars measuring 4 cm by 1 cm by 152 cm and utilised wavelength shifting fibres (WLS) and Multi-Pixel Photon Counters (MPPCs) to detect and quantify radiation. During deploy...

(1) Background: The IVIscan is a commercially available scintillating fiber detector designed for quality assurance and in vivo dosimetry in computed tomography (CT). In this work, we investigated the performance of the IVIscan scintillator and associated method in a wide range of beam width from three CT manufacturers and compared it to a CT chamb...

The light-yield enhancement and decay-time shortening by Ca codoped with Lu2SiO5:Ce have been observed in experiment. However, the underlying mechanisms remain enigmatic. First-principles calculations are performed to gain insight into the effect of Ca codoping. We show that first, the formation of CaLu−VO complex defects is favored, which causes t...

The natural radioactivity of , and isotopes for (32) vegetables samples from different farms of Al-Hussainiya area have been measured by a gamma ray spectroscopy with scintillation detector () () from ORTEC. The samples are divided into four types: eggplant (Solanum meloennga), okra (Abelmoschus esculentus), common pea (Vigna Sinensis) and sweet Pe...

This research focuses on LPE growth, and the examination of the optical and photovoltaic properties of single crystalline film (SCF) phosphors based on Ce3+-doped Y3MgxSiyAl5−x−yO12 garnets with Mg and Si contents in x = 0–0.345 and y = 0–0.31 ranges. The absorbance, luminescence, scintillation, and photocurrent properties of Y3MgxSiyAl5−x−yO12:Ce...

Organic liquid scintillation detectors are widely used to measure the presence of radiation. With these devices, there are advantages in that they are easy to manufacture, large in size, and have a short fluorescence decay time. However, they are not suitable for gamma spectroscopy because they are composed of a low-atomic-number material. In this...

Purpose Soil organic nitrogen (SON) biochemistry trends in paddy soils are poorly understood on a long-term scale. Methods To explore the effect of land use on SON sequestration, SON and amino acid (AA) fractions were investigated in soil profiles comprising recent and buried paddy soil (BPS) and buried non-paddy soils (BNS). Two ancient paddy soi...

Electron density irregularities in the ionosphere modify the phase and amplitude of trans-ionospheric radio signals. We aim to characterize the spectral and morphological features of E- and F-region ionospheric irregularities likely to produce these fluctuations or “scintillations”. To characterize them, we use a three-dimensional radio wave propag...

In the present work, radioactivity level in 15 collected soil samples from the area around fertiliser factory in Upper Egypt has been measured using gamma ray Spectrometry due to radionuclides occurred naturally namely 226 Ra, 232 Th and 40 K to study the concentrations of these nuclides in this soil and determine the effect of Assuit fertiliser fa...

In this paper, a polystyrene-based plastic scintillator of 4.5 cm diameter and 2.5 cm length doped with 2,5-diphenyloxazole (PPO) and 1,4-bis[2-(phenyloxazolyl)]-benzene (POPOP) was synthesized using thermal polymerization reaction carried out at 120°C. Optical transmittance was measured by Perkin Elmer UV-Vis NIR spectrophotometer in the wavelengt...

Objective: Together with novel photodetector technologies and emerging electronic front-end designs, scintillator material research is one of the key aspects to obtain ultra-fast timing in time-of-flight positron emission tomography (TOF-PET). In the late 1990s, Cerium-doped lutetium-yttrium oxyorthosilicate (LYSO:Ce) has been established as the s...

Spectral variability offers a new technique to identify small scale structures from scintillation, as well as determining the absorption mechanism for peaked-spectrum (PS) radio sources. In this paper, we present very long baseline interferometry (VLBI) imaging using the long baseline array (LBA) of two PS sources, MRC 0225–065 and PMN J0322–4820,...

In this report, high concentrations of dye doped advanced plastic scintillators are fabricated by bulk thermal polymerization. High soluble primary fluor 2,5-diphenyloxazole (PPO) having emission wavelength within the UV spectrum and the wavelength shifter 3-hydroxyflavone (3HF) showing emission peak at 530 nm were mixed into the styrene base matri...

The radio signal transmitted by the Mars Express (MEX) spacecraft was observed regularly between the years 2013-2020 at X-band (8.42 GHz) using the European Very Long Baseline Interferometry (EVN) network and University of Tasmania's telescopes. We present a method to describe the solar wind parameters by quantifying the effects of plasma on our ra...

This research revealed the response of Ga and Al sublattices to the incorporation of mismatching substituents in Gd3Al2Ga3O12:Ce single crystals. Incompatible in size and charge, Li+ and Mg2+ substituents violated configurational entropy. This led to lattice distortion and triggered structural rearrangements. The radial fluctuation of the Ga and Al...

We present the first search for the Majoron-emitting modes of the neutrinoless double β decay (0νββχ0) using scintillating cryogenic calorimeters. We analyzed the CUPID-0 Phase I data using a Bayesian approach to reconstruct the background sources activities, and evaluate the potential contribution of the Se82 0νββχ0. We considered several possible...

High-resolution neutron radiography provides novel and stirring opportunities to investigate the structures of light elements encased by heavy elements. For this study, a series of Gd2O2S:Tb, F particles were prepared using a high-temperature solid phase method and then used as a scintillation screen. Upon reaching 293 nm excitation, a bright green...

Phenomena have been observed in mountain high-energy cosmic-ray experiments, namely, a delayed absorption of high-energy cascades initiated by cosmic-ray hadrons in a lead absorber at E0≳ 1014 eV (so-called long-flying component), a coplanarity of most energetic particles in the central region of γ-ray−hadron superfamilies, and the so-called Tien S...

This paper presents a comparative study of the quantitative estimation of ²²²Rn and its health risk from various sources in four underground uranium mines. ²²²Rn exhalation rates from uranium-bearing rocks and backfill materials were estimated by calculating the ²²²Rn concentration accumulated in an enclosed chamber into which radon was exhaled. Th...

The objective of this study is to examine the impact of Li-doping on the radiophotoluminescent (RPL) properties of CaF2. Before ionizing irradiation, Li-doped CaF2 exhibited no photoluminescence (PL) under excitation in the range of 250–700 nm. After ionizing irradiation, Li-doped CaF2 displayed PL at 800 nm when excited at 390 and 610 nm. The deca...

We study scintillation and bit error rate performance of mirrored Bessel beams through turbulent atmosphere in this article. We benefit from numerical method to model the atmosphere. Since scintillation plays a vital role in optical wireless applications, reduction in this term provides better performance in these systems. Bearing in mind this, our...

Interplanetary scintillation (IPS) analysis is an effective technique for remotely sensing solar-wind disturbances, such as stream-interaction regions (SIRs) and coronal mass ejections (CMEs), which are the main drivers of space weather. Here, we employed 327-MHz IPS observations conducted at the Institute of Space–Earth Environmental Research, Nag...

Several papers have been published recently on the effects of scintillation on microwave propagation in standard atmospheres. Most of them have analyzed theoretically the influence of various parameters on the propagation, but barely a few researchers were able to extract the results from the model relying on microwave links in a nonstandard atmosp...

Scintillator detector response modelling has become an essential tool in various research fields such as particle and nuclear physics, astronomy or geophysics. Yet, due to the system complexity and the requirement for accurate electron response measurements, model inference and calibration remains a challenge. Here, we propose Compton edge probing...

Ionospheric total electron content (TEC) plays an important role in introducing delay errors in space-based navigation and communication signals and requires early forecasting of the plausible impacts on the relying systems. In the present work, an autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) is implemented in the time series analysis to foreca...