School - Science topic

Thank you prof Anita and prof Antonio :)

The monitoring and assessment of education, including monitoring in schools, is the subject of numerous academic journals and publications. Numerous subjects pertaining to educational assessment, evaluation, and data-driven decision-making are frequently covered in these periodicals. Several renowned periodicals in this area are listed below:

1. Educational Assessment, Evaluation, and Accountability (formerly known as the Journal of Personnel Evaluation in Education):This journal publishes research articles, reviews, and reports related to educational assessment, program evaluation, and accountability in education. 2. Assessment in Education: Principles, Policy & Practice:It focuses on all aspects of assessment and evaluation in education, including classroom assessment, standardized testing, and educational policy related to assessment.

3. Journal of Educational Measurement:This journal is dedicated to the theory and practice of educational measurement and assessment. It covers psychometrics, test development, and validation.

4. Educational Measurement: Issues and Practice:This journal publishes articles on a wide range of topics in educational measurement, assessment, and evaluation, including practical applications in schools.

5. Educational Assessment:This journal explores various aspects of educational assessment, including formative and summative assessment, assessment design, and the impact of assessment on teaching and learning. 6. Educational Evaluation and Policy Analysis:It covers research on educational policy, program evaluation, and assessment in education, with a focus on policy implications. 7. Studies in Educational Evaluation:This journal publishes articles on various aspects of educational evaluation, including methods, models, and the impact of evaluation on educational practices. 8. International Journal of Assessment Tools in Education:It focuses on the development and application of assessment tools and techniques in educational settings.

9. Journal of Research Practice:While not exclusively focused on education, this interdisciplinary journal often includes articles related to educational research, assessment, and monitoring practices. 10. Journal of Classroom Interaction:This journal examines classroom interaction and communication, including assessment and monitoring strategies used by teachers.

These peer-reviewed journals provide insightful information about monitoring and evaluation in educational contexts, including research findings and best practices. The precise topic and scope of these publications can differ, so it's important to read through their articles and choose the ones that best suit your interests and study requirements.

@Napoleon,Research has indeed explored the correlation between school bullying and addiction behavior. It's important to recognize that while there is evidence suggesting a potential link between school bullying and addiction behavior, individual responses and outcomes can vary widely. Additionally, research in this field continues to evolve as scholars delve deeper into understanding the complex interactions between these two factors and the many variables that can influence them. Therefore, the correlation is not automatic, and the relationship is multifaceted.

I agree; thank you for responding.

Moja Ralethe Hi Moja, ResearchGate Search can help re your question. Type your question on ResearchGate Search, (which I just did a while ago), you will be amazed to find 100 plus relevant research studies pertaining your research topic. Best to you.

Zohre zz Rahsepar I suggest for you to go on ResearchGate Search, type your question, you will be surprise to find 100+ articles pertinent to your doctoral dissertation research topic. All the best.

A challenging question. Getting to the point, yes, such a possibility cannot be excluded.

Regards

Sanjeebito Pani in utilizing hybrid mode to teaching, specifically, in primary and upper primary school level, in my view, requires parent involvement to effectively implement it. I truly believe education starts at home.

Many thanks, Sundus :) Gender is essential and inherent! I appreciate that very much. Take care :)

Like your question rightly pointed out; _*differences between public and private schools differ among countries.*_

Let me use my home country (Nigeria) as a case study.

Education till early 2000s (2006) were majorly the businesses of public sector (federal and state governments). The government at state and federal level controlled most of the education sectors (Primary, Secondary and Tertiary education) in the country.

Government;

- employed Qualified teachers that have Academic and Background knowledge in all subjects areas.

-The teachers were fairly paid and taken care of.

- Teaching and learning facilities were fairly provided by government and are readily accessible by both teachers and students.

- The teachers were so committed to their jobs and gave their best in turning graduates that are currently exhibiting leadership in their field of specialty in all part of the world.

Then private schools were just where parents send their children for extra moral class. Where parents pay for their children to be given extra lessons in subjects they feel their children are struggling to learn.

In public schools in Nigeria then, Government at both state and federal level subsidized education for parents to enable their children have quality education especially at primary and secondary. Teachers were paid regularly and as at when due.

But the big question is, what is the state of private and public schools in Nigeria?

Teachers employed by state public primary and secondary Schools are lavishing in hunger and poverty due to non payment of their monthly salaries ( eg in Abia State in Nigeria, from 2007 -2023, public primary and secondary Schools were owed more than outstanding salary arrears of 18 month by the administrations of past two governor's of the state). The situation is not far from other states in Nigeria. This has led teachers to not going to school to teach in most public primary and secondary Schools in Nigeria, as they seek for means of surviving the hash economic condition in the country

In Nigeria today, private schools now dominate all sectors of education;

- They employ teachers without giving adequate consideration to the teacher's qualifications.

- They pay these teachers little or nothing

- a teacher with a qualification in a particular subject will be assigned to teach 2-3 other subjects that they are not specialist in

- school fees in these private schools are beyond the financial capabilities of most parents

- the school environments of most of the private schools are too small that children don't have spaces for recreation.

and many more

Today, in Nigeria my home country, parents are left with little or no option than patronizing the private schools due to the bad state of public schools in Nigeria today.

Undergraduate pure math (pure mathematics) and applied math (applied mathematics) majors are two distinct branches of mathematics that focus on different aspects of the field. Here are the key differences between the two:

It's important to note that these distinctions are not rigid, and there can be overlap between pure and applied mathematics. Many mathematicians integrate both pure and applied aspects into their work. Additionally, the choice between a pure math or applied math major depends on individual interests and career goals. Some mathematics programs also offer a mix of both pure and applied math courses to provide students with a well-rounded mathematical education.

In my opinion, we may understand the ethical behaviour as rational behaviour of the school principal and the best outcome is positivity in school.

There are many influencing variables behind these two broad categories i.e., ethical behaviour and positivity atmosphere.

Based on that influencing variables only, we may arrive the conclusion.

For eg., being a rational, the variables be like proper time management in school; consistent conducting test and exams; discipline maintenance in school like etc..,. From the student side - their expectations from school; health aids; like any. From teacher side, non-teaching side there are many expectations and requirements.

Based on all categories fulfillment by ethical principal, there may be possibility on attaining positivity in school environment.

This is my side view of your question!.

The Profile of Mood States (POMS) questionnaire is typically designed for adults to assess their mood states. Adapting it for elementary school children may require simplifying the language and using age-appropriate terminology. Here's a simplified version of the POMS questionnaire suitable for elementary-level school kids:

Instructions for the Child:

"Please read each statement below and choose the face that shows how you feel right now. Circle the face that matches your feelings."

I feel happy.

[ ] ☺️ [ ] 🙂 [ ] 😐 [ ] 😕 [ ] 😞

I feel excited.

[ ] 😃 [ ] 😀 [ ] 😐 [ ] 😕 [ ] 😞

I feel calm.

[ ] 😌 [ ] 😊 [ ] 😐 [ ] 😕 [ ] 😞

I feel worried.

[ ] 😨 [ ] 😰 [ ] 😐 [ ] 😕 [ ] 😞

I feel sad.

[ ] 😢 [ ] 😭 [ ] 😐 [ ] 😕 [ ] 😞

I feel angry.

[ ] 😡 [ ] 😠 [ ] 😐 [ ] 😕 [ ] 😞

I feel scared.

[ ] 😱 [ ] 😨 [ ] 😐 [ ] 😕 [ ] 😞

I feel tired.

[ ] 😴 [ ] 😩 [ ] 😐 [ ] 😕 [ ] 😞

I feel silly.

[ ] 🤪 [ ] 😜 [ ] 😐 [ ] 😕 [ ] 😞

I feel friendly.

[ ] 😊 [ ] 😄 [ ] 😐 [ ] 😕 [ ] 😞

After completing the questionnaire, you can discuss the child's responses with them to better understand their mood and feelings. It's important to create a comfortable and supportive environment for them to express themselves. This adapted questionnaire provides a simple way for young children to reflect on their emotions and can be a helpful tool for teachers and parents to gauge their well-being.

The linguistic landscape in literature teaching refers to the use of language and its visual representation in literary texts. It encompasses various elements and aspects that help analyze and appreciate the language's role in literature. Here are some key components of the linguistic landscape in literature teaching:

Language Variation: Literature often features diverse linguistic elements, including dialects, slang, archaic language, and variations in tone and style. Analyzing these variations enhances understanding and appreciation of the text.

Narrative Style: The author's narrative style, whether it's first-person, third-person, or stream of consciousness, contributes to the linguistic landscape of a literary work. It affects how the story is told and the reader's immersion in it.

Figurative Language: Literary texts frequently employ figurative language such as metaphors, similes, symbolism, and allegory. Exploring these elements deepens the interpretation of the text.

Character Dialogue: The way characters speak, their idiolects (unique speech patterns), and how their language changes over the course of the story are crucial aspects of the linguistic landscape. It helps to characterize individuals and track character development.

Setting and Culture: The linguistic landscape is influenced by the setting and cultural context of the story. Different cultures and historical periods may use distinct languages or dialects, which impact the narrative.

Rhetorical Devices: Literary works often employ rhetorical devices like alliteration, assonance, and onomatopoeia. Recognizing these devices enhances the reader's appreciation of the text's aesthetics.

Intertextuality: Analyzing how a literary work references or responds to other texts, whether through direct quotations, allusions, or parodies, is part of the linguistic landscape. This intertextuality adds layers of meaning.

Language Evolution: Literature can reflect changes in language over time. Analyzing older texts, for instance, can reveal linguistic shifts and help trace the evolution of language.

Narrative Perspective: Understanding the narrator's voice and perspective in the text is essential. This can range from an omniscient narrator who knows everything to an unreliable narrator who distorts the truth.

Translation and Adaptation: In a global context, considering how literary works are translated or adapted into different languages can provide insights into the linguistic challenges and choices made by translators and adaptors.

Genre-Specific Language: Different literary genres (e.g., poetry, drama, prose) have their own linguistic conventions. Recognizing these conventions is important for understanding and interpreting specific types of literature.

Overall, the linguistic landscape in literature teaching encompasses a wide range of linguistic elements that contribute to the richness and depth of literary texts. Analyzing these components enhances one's ability to appreciate and interpret literature effectively.

The potential for AI-driven humanoid robots to replace teachers at schools and university faculty and professors is a subject of debate and speculation. While AI and robotics have made significant advancements in various fields, including education, there are several factors to consider:

1. **Teaching Complexity**: Teaching involves not only the transmission of knowledge but also complex human interactions, empathy, mentorship, and understanding individual student needs. AI and robots can assist with certain aspects of education, such as providing personalized learning materials and assessments, but they may struggle to fully replace the nuanced and empathetic role of a human teacher.

2. **Individualized Learning**: AI can help tailor educational content to individual students' needs, providing personalized recommendations and feedback. However, truly effective teaching often involves adapting to students' emotional and social cues, which can be challenging for machines.

3. **Moral and Ethical Education**: Teaching extends beyond academic subjects; it includes imparting moral values, ethics, and social skills. AI lacks the capacity for moral reasoning and ethical guidance that human teachers can provide.

4. **Creativity and Critical Thinking**: Teaching often encourages creativity, critical thinking, and problem-solving skills. While AI can assist in these areas, it may struggle to foster creativity and independent thought to the same extent as human educators.

5. **Social and Emotional Learning**: Human teachers play a vital role in supporting students' social and emotional development. They provide guidance, mentorship, and a supportive environment that fosters emotional intelligence and interpersonal skills.

6. **Adaptability**: AI-driven robots can excel at delivering pre-programmed content, but they may struggle to adapt to unexpected situations, individual student needs, or rapidly changing curriculum requirements.

7. **Acceptance and Trust**: The acceptance and trust of students and parents are crucial in education. Replacing human teachers with robots may face resistance from stakeholders who value the human touch in education.

While AI and robotics can complement the work of teachers by providing tools for personalized learning, automating administrative tasks, and assisting with certain educational processes, it's unlikely that they will fully replace human teachers and professors, especially in settings that value the holistic development of students. Instead, the future of education may involve a combination of human educators and AI-driven technologies working together to enhance the learning experience and make education more effective and accessible.

In general, it is considered ethically acceptable for a researcher to state the location of a study in a manuscript or article, including mentioning the name of a specific school as the setting of the research study. However, it is important to ensure that the privacy and confidentiality of the participants and the institution are protected.

Researchers should consider the following ethical considerations when stating the location of a study:

Informed Consent: Ensure that participants have provided informed consent for their participation in the study, including any mention of the location or institution. Participants should be aware of how their information will be used and disclosed.

Confidentiality: Take precautions to protect the confidentiality of the participants and the institution. Avoid including any personally identifiable information or details that could potentially identify the individuals involved.

Anonymity: If necessary, consider using pseudonyms or generic descriptions instead of specific names to further protect the identity of the institution or individuals involved.

Ethics Approval: If the study has received approval from an Institutional Review Board (IRB) or ethics committee , mention this in the manuscript or article. It demonstrates that ethical considerations were taken into account during the research process.

Ethical Guidelines: Familiarize yourself with the ethical guidelines and standards specific to your field of research or the journal you are submitting to. Different disciplines and journals may have specific requirements or recommendations regarding the disclosure of study locations.

By following these ethical considerations and guidelines, researchers can ensure that they are conducting their study in an ethical manner while still providing important context and information about the location of their research.

Anecdotal: I have seen children in STEM activities gain insight to mathematical thinking when engaged in problem solving. The activities involved measurements: length, volume, and area. Constructing models - free form and then using written instructions. Instructions can be numerical or visual model with dimensions on the part or on a map/template.

Good question, follower

Progressive teaching of grammar involves a gradual and systematic approach to teaching grammar concepts, starting from simpler concepts and building up to more complex ones. Here are some activities and strategies you can use to achieve this progressive teaching of grammar:

Start with the Basics:

Begin by introducing fundamental grammar concepts, such as parts of speech (nouns, verbs, adjectives, adverbs, etc.) and basic sentence structures. Ensure students have a solid understanding of these foundational elements before moving on to more advanced topics.

Use Contextual Examples:

Provide real-life examples and sentences that showcase the grammar concept you're teaching. Contextual examples help students understand how grammar functions within the context of communication.

Interactive Worksheets:

Use worksheets that gradually increase in complexity. Start with simple sentence correction exercises and gradually introduce more intricate sentence structures, tenses, and grammatical rules.

Sentence Building:

Engage students in activities where they construct sentences using the grammar rules they've learned. This could involve creating sentences with specific tenses, sentence types (declarative, interrogative, imperative, exclamatory), and sentence structures (simple, compound, complex).

Games and Puzzles:

Incorporate grammar-themed games like crossword puzzles, word searches, and grammar bingo. These games make learning fun and reinforce grammar concepts in an interactive way.

Editing and Proofreading:

Provide paragraphs or short passages with intentional grammatical errors. Ask students to identify and correct these errors, helping them practice grammar rules in context.

Guided Writing Activities:

Have students write short paragraphs or essays that incorporate specific grammar concepts. Provide prompts that require the use of certain tenses, sentence structures, or parts of speech.

Peer Review:

Introduce peer review sessions where students exchange their writing and review each other's work for grammar accuracy. This not only encourages collaboration but also reinforces grammar concepts through analysis.

Comparative Analysis:

Compare and contrast sentence structures, verb tenses, or other grammar concepts. This helps students understand the nuances and differences between various grammar rules.

Literature Analysis:

Analyze excerpts from literature to identify and discuss grammar usage. This can help students see how grammar is applied in real writing.

Project-Based Learning:

Integrate grammar into broader projects where students create presentations, stories, or reports. This encourages them to apply grammar rules creatively.

Scaffolded Learning:

Build on previously learned concepts. For example, start with simple present tense, then introduce past tense, and subsequently move to present perfect tense.

Incorporate Technology:

Use grammar-checking tools and educational apps that provide instant feedback on grammar correctness. These tools can supplement traditional teaching methods.

Modeling and Explanation:

Clearly explain grammar rules using examples and models. Break down complex rules into manageable parts and provide step-by-step explanations.

Continuous Assessment:

Use regular quizzes and tests to assess students' grasp of grammar concepts. This informs your teaching approach and allows for timely intervention.

Remember that progressive teaching of grammar should consider the diverse learning styles and needs of your students. It's essential to create a supportive and inclusive learning environment that allows students to learn at their own pace while building a strong foundation in grammar.

If you’re primary goal is to establish relationship between two variables you can use pearson r correlation (if your data is normally distributed), or spearman signed rand correlation (if data is not normally distributed). However, correlation here does not mean causation.

If you want go explore further and and “predict” if one variable is the reason the other one is increasing or decreasing then use simple regression.

Orlando M Lourenço : Thank you very much for participating. Of course, we will use your great idea.

Hello Philippos,

When it comes to 21st-century education teacher's priority must rely on the transformative power of education, defined by UNESCO as the process that "involves teaching and learning geared to motivate and empower happy and healthy learners to take informed decisions and actions at the individual, community and global levels." (2023,

Combining scientific, pedagogical skills and values with a broader sense of the teacher's mission is essential to ensure learners develop skills better aligned with the challenges we face today.

Thus, teachers should be trained in the following areas to ensure they are prepared to foster learner's eagerness to learn and awareness about the world they live in:

- social-emotional skills

- critical thinking and problem-solving skills

- resilience and flexibility

- collaboration and empathy

- pedagogical use of technology

UNESCO. (2023). Five questions on transformative education. UNESCO. Retrieved 11-08-2023 from https://www.unesco.org/en/articles/five-questions-transformative-education#What%20Is%20%E2%80%9CTransformative%20Education%E2%80%9D?

Dear doctor

Go To

Learning Styles: A Review of Validity and Usefulness

Yulong Li , Jane Medwell , David Wray , Lixun Wang , Xiaojing Liu

Journal of Education and Training Studies Vol. 4, No. 10; October 2016 ISSN 2324-805X E-ISSN 2324-8068 Published by Redfame Publishing URL: http://jets.redfame.com

"Introduction

While working as an English language teacher at some English training schools in China from 2007 to 2014, I witnessed that a popular method of teaching English pronunciation involved using hand gestures and dancing: an approach which symbolizes a kinaesthetic approach of VAK, one of the categorizations of learning styles. Such approach to teaching received its popularity at many institutions, although it has attracted considerable criticism. Therefore, it has become a key interest of mine when engaging in discussions over learning styles. Learning style has become a popular word in the field of education, albeit its popularity, its validity has incurred debate. Learning styles is also a broad terminology, containing categorizations and concepts of various kinds, which might produce troubles for new comers to have a panoramic understanding of the field. This study would start the discussion from the diversity in categorizations of learning styles, and then discuss its limitations and usefulness separately

Abstract

The debate about learning styles has been on going for nearly half a century, many researchers have categorised them into style families. For some reasons, VAK is the most often heard, however, it is only one of the many categories. Current study gives a synthetic introduction of the existing strands of learning style categorizations, and critically discusses the limitations and chances of learning styles in educational studies."

Calculating the sample size for a complex multi-stage sampling design involves several steps. I will guide you through the process.

Step 1: Determine the required level of precision

The level of precision refers to how close you want your estimate to be to the true population value. This is usually expressed as a margin of error (MOE) or confidence interval. For example, if you want to estimate the proportion of girls facing challenges accessing menstrual health hygiene products within a specific margin of error (e.g., +/- 3%), you would need to determine the desired level of precision.

Step 2: Determine the desired level of confidence

The level of confidence refers to the probability that the true population parameter falls within the estimated interval. Common levels of confidence are 95% or 99%. Decide on the level of confidence you would like for your study.

Step 3: Adjust the sample size for the design effect

In complex multi-stage sampling designs, there is often a design effect that accounts for the clustering and stratification. The design effect is a measure of how much larger the required sample size is compared to a simple random sample. It accounts for the correlation among participants within the same cluster or stratum. The design effect varies depending on the specific design and analysis plan. For now, let's assume a design effect of 2 for your study.

Step 4: Calculate the initial sample size

To calculate the initial sample size, you will need to use a formula appropriate for estimating proportions. The most commonly used formula is the one for calculating sample size for a simple random sample:

n = [(Z^2 * p * (1-p)) / MOE^2]

where:

n is the required sample size

Z is the z-score corresponding to the desired level of confidence (e.g., 1.96 for 95% confidence)

p is the estimated proportion of the population with the characteristic of interest (use 0.54 as the estimated proportion)

MOE is the margin of error expressed as a decimal (e.g., 0.03 for +/- 3% MOE)

Using this formula will give you the required sample size for a simple random sample.

Step 5: Adjust the sample size for the design effect

To adjust the sample size for the design effect in multi-stage sampling, you will multiply the initial sample size by the design effect:

final_sample_size = initial_sample_size * design_effect

For example, if your initial sample size calculated in Step 4 is 400, and the design effect is 2, the final sample size would be 400 * 2 = 800.

Step 6: Determine the number of clusters or units at each stage

At each stage of the sampling design, you need to determine the number of clusters or units to select. For example, you mentioned selecting 12 counties, wards within each county, and schools within each ward. The number of clusters or units at each stage will depend on the population size and the desired precision. It is important to consult resources specific to your study area or consult with a statistician to determine the appropriate number of clusters or units at each stage.

Considering the complexity of your sampling design, it would be beneficial to consult with a statistician to properly determine the final sample size and the number of clusters or units at each stage based on the specific details of your study.

Dear Elizabeth Walters Do realise that you address your question to the open Q&A forum of ResearchGate.

I think the following link is what you are looking for:

just claim the authorship and it is linked to your profile.

If you need additional help scroll down on this page and go to the "Help Centre". For remaining questions you can contact the RG team

Best regards.

Happy to collaborate in media and communication research.

Melissa Smith Hi Melissa, I found this article via ResearchGate search:

"Foreign Language Ideology and American Sign Language in US Public Education, Author: Russell Scott Rosen; URL: https://doi.org/10.1515/ijsl-2021-0001 . . .

Dear doctor

Go To

School Libraries in India: Present-day Scenario

Prof. Preeti Mahajan, (2010)

"Conclusion A library is a storehouse of information and a key to the knowledge, but the era of information technology revolution has relegated the librarians especially in schools to the background. The audiovisual media specially the Internet has lured the budding readers away from the printed works like the Pied Piper. There is a great need for the upliftment of school libraries in India. If the reading habits of the students have to be changed, the conditions of the school libraries have to be improved. For this purpose, the central as well as the state government, the school authorities, the school librarian and the teachers will all have to work together. Firstly, the government of India must ensure that the school library has a well-stocked active collection managed by a qualified librarian. For this purpose, a school library legislation should be passed as soon as possible Secondly, the positive attitude of the school principal is very important. He should clearly lay down policies regarding the school library services including its goals, priorities and services as well as its relation to the school curriculum. In fact, CBSE has recently brought out a book entitled „Organizing school libraries – Guidelines'. It provides useful information for the school principals to upgrade their school libraries and make them more functional. They should organise their school libraries according to the guidelines provided. The school librarians in India must play a positive role of being the information providers. Librarians must assist the teachers and students to search out their information needs, critically evaluate the materials and use technological means to synthesize their findings into new knowledge . Hence, they must become proficient in the use of the new technologies themselves first to promote them and instruct students and teachers in their use. They must expand their traditional service environment to that of computer-based data and sophisticated information-seeking strategies. He must analyze their learning and information needs, to locate and use resources and to communicate the same to their users. They must develop policies, practices, and curricula required by the students for information literacy. As such, they have to work closely with the teachers in planning and implementing learning programs that will equip students with the skills necessary to succeed in a constantly changing social and economic environment. They can also make use of the resources that are available on the Internet including „Resources for School Librarians' ( http://ww.sldirectory.com ) that indicates resources on learning and teaching, information access, program administration, technology, education and employment as well as continuing education, „Advocacy toolkit' of AASL ( http://www.ifla.org/V11/s11/pub/s11_AdvocacyKit.html ) , International Children's Digital Library ( http://www.icdlbooks.org ) ,etc. The school librarian should also make a webpage of the school library highlighting the collection, OPAC and other services provided. Moreover, the school libraries in India should also become members of International Association of School Libraries and should send their details to it for inclusion of their name in the list of school libraries that is available online at http://www.iasl_slo.org/schoollibs.html The library associations at the state as well as the national level can also play a very important role in the development of school libraries in India. Indian Library Association should support international initiatives to promote school library activities and should promote the importance of school libraries through their publications. These should support research in school librarianship and undertake projects to help school libraries to effective perform the information literacy program . Such an agency should highlight the basic responsibilities of the school librarians as well as the responsibilities of the teachers and the school authorities towards the library by drafting standards keeping in mind the requirements of the present day school students. Regional workshops should also be conducted to promote best practices in the school libraries. However, in the absence of set standards, the school librarians in India can use IFLA/UNESCO school library guidelines for framing up various policies. Indian School Library Association should be established on the pattern of other such associations the world over that should bring out a directory of school libraries, hold regular conferences for interaction amongst the school librarians and must bring out a journal featuring various aspects of school libraries. Last but not the least, a network of school libraries can also be established."

Social media platforms have grown to be essential conduits for interactions and engagement, with a particular impact in the educational sector. Islamic schools in Indonesia, an immensely diverse nation with the largest Muslim population globally, are no exception. However, the utilization of social media in these educational institutions is influenced by a unique array of factors[^1^].

Key Factors Influencing Social Media Engagement

**Cultural Context**

The Islamic religion profoundly shapes Indonesia's societal values and norms, directly affecting the digital behavior of its adherents[^2^]. Users from Islamic schools are more likely to engage with content resonating with their religious and cultural values, leading to higher levels of interaction.

**Content Relevance**

In the realm of education, the relevance of content plays a crucial role in engagement. For Islamic schools in Indonesia, content that seamlessly integrates religious teachings with academic curriculum sparks interest and boosts interaction[^3^].

**Community Interaction**

The sense of community, common in Islamic schools, can be extended to social media platforms. Higher levels of engagement are observed in platforms that foster a sense of community, encouraging discussions, and peer-to-peer interactions[^4^].

**Platform Accessibility and Usability**

The choice of platform, its ease of use, and accessibility, significantly influence engagement. Platforms that are widely used by the target audience, provide intuitive navigation, and support the local language see increased engagement[^5^].

Ethical Considerations for Social Media Use

**Privacy**

With data security and privacy being paramount, Islamic schools need to ensure that the social media platforms they use comply with the best privacy practices. This includes not sharing personal information of students without consent[^6^].

**Content Integrity**

Content shared should be respectful and truthful, aligning with the Islamic ethos. This fosters a healthy, respectful digital environment and ensures the accurate representation of Islamic teachings[^7^].

**Digital Etiquettes**

Social media platforms should promote digital etiquettes in line with Islamic values, such as respect for others, constructive criticism, and avoiding gossip[^8^].

The digital landscape is a crucial domain for engagement and education for Islamic schools in Indonesia. By recognizing the key factors that influence this engagement and incorporating ethical considerations into their digital strategy, these schools can ensure an effective and value-based online presence.

---

[^1^]: Shams, S. R., & Malik, S. A. (2018). The role of Islamic education in character building of young generation: A case study from secondary level students of Pakistan. Journal of Education and Educational Development, 5(2), 147-161.

[^2^]: Hassan, S. H., Nadzim, S. Z. A., & Shiratuddin, N. (2015). Strategic use of social media for small business based on the AIDA model. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 172, 262-269.

[^3^]: Rokhman, F., Hum, M., Syaifudin, A., & Prasetiawan, H. (2020). Islamic education and critical thinking skills. International Journal of Instruction, 13(1), 395-410.

[^4^]: Beldad, A., Hegner, S., & Hoppen, Z. (2019). Generational differences in the effects of social media use on online political participation. Computers in Human Behavior, 96, 221-235.

[^5^]: Chauhan, V., & Singh, G. (2018). An investigation of Facebook, LinkedIn, & Twitter: Usage behavior of students and employees in Indian context. VINE Journal of Information and Knowledge Management Systems.

[^6^]: Erdem, M., & Karaca, F. (2019). The effect of privacy concerns on social media usage: A study on student samples. Journal of Media Critiques [JMC], 5(9).

[^7^]: Abuhashim, A., & Chong, S. (2020). Islamic digital ethics: Concept and principles. Journal of Islamic, Social, Economics and Development, 5(30), 15-27.

[^8^]: Al-Sharqi, L., Hashim, K., & Kutbi, I. (2015). Online business ethics and Islam: A case of Muslim consumers in Malaysia. Journal of Islamic Marketing.

Parents enroll their children in schools for plenty of reasons, to achive their goals and aims for their children for life and future

Code schools or coding bootcamps can have a positive impact on local or regional hiring in technology-related fields for several reasons:

While code schools and coding bootcamps can have a positive impact on local hiring, it's essential to note that their success largely depends on the quality of the program, the reputation of the institution, and the specific needs of the local job market. Some employers may still prefer candidates with traditional academic degrees, while others might highly value the practical skills and experience gained from coding bootcamps. Overall, code schools play a valuable role in providing an alternative pathway for individuals to enter the tech industry and contribute to local or regional tech talent pools.

متابع

Leslie Renee Reid Their school disconnection experiences, sometimes for a long period of time, strongly motivates their strong determination and commitment to graduate and start working right after graduation , , , esp. in the applied sciences (e.g., Medical Lab Technology, Caregiving, etc.).

‘The longitudinal association between teacher–student relationship quality and student engagement was unidirectional’ as explained in your deep searched article. The qualitative findings reported students’ own perspectives on what they considered to be a good teacher and their ideas of how their teachers and classroom setting influence their affective and behavioural engagement at school. Two significant categories emerged: ‘teacher being’ and ‘teacher doing’. This research has not shown that actual teaching methods are immaterial to other issues, as you told.

waiting for your next article in support of your statemen.

Good Luck!

Education requires special qualifications that are not available to everyone

Project Title: Government School Internet Connectivity Project in Bungoma County

Executive Summary:

Mwamba Enterprise is proposing a development project to support the upcoming government initiative to install internet cables in government schools across Bungoma County. The main objective of the project is to bridge the digital divide in the area by providing access to high-speed internet to students and teachers in government schools. This is expected to improve education outcomes and enhance the quality of teaching and learning in the county.

Project Description:

The project will focus on providing internet connectivity infrastructure in government schools across Bungoma County. This will involve the installation of high-speed internet cables and equipment in classrooms, computer labs, and administrative offices. The project will also provide training to school staff, including teachers and administrators, on how to effectively use the internet for educational purposes.

Project Goals:

Improve education outcomes for students in Bungoma County schools

Enhance the quality of teaching and learning in government schools through access to high-speed internet

Increase digital literacy and computer skills among students and teachers

Bridge the digital divide in Bungoma County by providing access to internet connectivity in government schools.

Project Activities:

Conduct a needs assessment to identify the schools with the greatest need for internet connectivity

Develop a project plan to guide the implementation process

Procure and install high-speed internet cables and equipment in classrooms, computer labs, and administrative offices in selected schools

Provide training to teachers and administrators on how to use the internet for educational purposes

Evaluate the impact of the project on education outcomes in selected schools

Budget:

The total budget for the project is estimated at Ksh 10 million. This includes costs for procurement of equipment, installation, training, and evaluation.

Conclusion:

The Government School Internet Connectivity Project in Bungoma County is a vital initiative that is expected to improve education outcomes in the region. Mwamba Enterprise is committed to implementing the project in an effective and efficient manner while delivering high-quality results. We are excited about the potential impact of this project and are eager to work with the government and other stakeholders to ensure its success.

Hello there, Thank you for the question. The question that you have raised is the very prominent question these years and it has to be discussed in the light of the present need and innovations that are taking place globally.

Specially in the context of the developing countries in Asia, the school level education is only ladened with the subjective thick books and has focused less or no on the practical and vocational aspect.

So now the time has come to think about skill based education in the schools, I am not talking about the radical change here but its all about integrating the possible skills in the teaching by bringing slight changes in our routine and adding little space for the students to learn basic skills regarding agriculture, cooking, engineering and other skills those are possible to run with the small initiation.

Language teachers use group work in their lessons for various purposes, such as promoting student interaction and collaboration, developing communication and language skills, providing opportunities for peer feedback and support, and enhancing critical thinking and problem-solving abilities. According to a study conducted in a Swedish school, group work was found to be an effective way to engage students in learning English and modern languages, as it allowed for more active and engaging participation, enabled students to learn from each other and take responsibility for their own learning, and created a supportive and inclusive classroom environment. Evaluating group work in learning English can involve various methods, such as assessing individual contributions and participation, monitoring group dynamics and interactions, providing feedback and reflection opportunities, and using rubrics or checklists to evaluate specific language skills and competencies.

Just focus on what the learners need. If possible apply differentiated instruction. By doing this, learners will feel their worth and they themselves will make any effort possible to catch up with the lessons.

A good course in Ecology will provide a solid basis, and explain these problems.

Good luck, John

Both nature and nurture can influence human development and behavior, and many researchers now believe that the complex interaction between genes and environment is what shapes human traits and personality. This means that it is important to consider both biological and environmental factors when trying to understand human development and behavior, and that the nature vs. nurture dichotomy may not reflect the complexity of the issue.

I think I know about half a dozen of teachers who would be interested in the gift card!

Remember, while these technological materials can greatly enhance the learning experience, they should be used in conjunction with traditional teaching methods to create a well-rounded learning environment.

1.1 Background of Study

1.2 Statement of Problem

1.3 Objectives of the Study

1.4 Research Questions

1.5 Significance of the Study

1.6 Scope and Limitations

2.1 The Importance of Nutrition in Adolescence

2.2 The Impact of Boarding School Meals on Student Health

2.3 Nutritional Guidelines and Standards for School Meals

2.4 Previous Studies on Nutrient Composition of School Meals

3.1 Research Design

3.2 Study Population and Sampling

3.3 Data Collection Instruments

3.4 Procedure for Data Collection

3.5 Procedure for Data Analysis

4.1 Demographics of the Boarding Schools

4.2 Analysis of Nutrient Composition of the Meals

4.2.1 Macro Nutrient Analysis

4.2.2 Micro Nutrient Analysis

4.3 Discussion

5.1 Summary of Findings

5.2 Conclusion

5.3 Recommendations for Improvement

5.4 Suggestions for Further Studies

In addition to the aforementioned options, you may also consider utilizing project management software like Trello or Wekan. These tools are primarily designed to enhance organization and promote transparency in workflow management. While they are not specifically tailored for behavior management, they can be adapted to facilitate communication between teachers and parents regarding students' behavior.

Good day; formats can be an institutional/academe requirement. Journals also have publication formats, but usually, the IMRaD (Introduction, Methods, Results, and Discussion) format is being followed nowadays.

A number of countries now recognize the importance of tests, assignments and projects administered by teachers during the course of the year in assessing a student's achievement. They have therefore introduced a Continuous Assessment Learning Area component which has to be passed in addition to accredited national or international board examinations. Weighting is however still tilted towards the latter because they are deemed more standardized and rigorous than the former. A concept and skills- oriented curriculum which incorporates continuous assessment is unlikely to produce a "Learn & pass exam & forget post-exam" syndrome.

Your proposed PhD research topic on "The Use of Digital Board Games as an Interactive Learning Tool in Improving Reading Skills (words) in English for Level 1 in Primary Schools" seems suitable for a PhD level dissertation.

The use of digital games to improve reading skills in primary school students appears to be an appropriate and novel topic for a PhD. However, I recommend for reviewing relevant literature further to confirm the viability and scope of your proposed research.

Thanks for sharing

Possible, because it may be a unique experience worth generalizing

Are you working on specific issue?

Creo que más bien sería agregar los recursos locales al plan de estudios, que el plan de estudios no se vea minimizado solamente a lo local si no que se amplíe con los conocimientos, experiencias y cultura local, de esta forma la comunidad crecería encontrando nuevas formas sin perder sus raíces.

The impacts of excessive screen time on cognitive development, attention span, social relationships, and general well-being, particularly in young children, have come to the forefront of studies in recent years. Some studies associate prolonged TV viewing may harm cognitive abilities and academic achievement.

However, it's important to note that the impact of digitalization and screen time on intelligence is a complex and debated topic. Factors such as the quality and content of digital activities, the amount of screen time, and the overall context of children's lives all play a role. It is challenging to establish a direct causal link between declining IQ scores and digitization without taking into account additional factors that could be influencing the trend.

It's also crucial to note several factors, including education systems, social policies, economic conditions, and cultural changes, affect the population's overall development. While many advantages and opportunities come with digitization, there is a need to look at a balance by ensuring that any possible risks or disadvantages are well addressed.

In summary, the decisions taken by Sweden and other countries to limit digitalization and screen time reflect a growing concern about the potential impact on children's development. Further research is needed to understand the complex relationship between digitalization and intelligence, and it's important to consider a range of factors that contribute to a country's development when assessing changes in IQ scores over time.

Androids, laptops, E Tabs, All sorts of digital gadgets are required in the base of pyramid (These all gadgets are included in physiological needs in digital age). All other levels of Pyramid are ok with and without these above mentioned digital gadgets (For some, May be not Ok without the gadgets).

Hi Sham Rakaf

If you are conducting research on novel adaptation, you may want to reach out to universities that have strong programs or departments in the fields of literature, English, creative writing, or film studies. Here are a few universities that are well-known for their expertise in these areas:

Remember that it's important to review the specific faculty members, research centers, and programs within these universities to find those that align most closely with your research interests. You can typically find this information on the universities' websites. It's also a good idea to reach out to individual professors or researchers who specialize in adaptation studies to inquire about potential collaboration or guidance.

[1]Rameshwar Gupta*,

Research Scholar,

Department of Lifelong Learning & Extension

CSJM University, Kanpur, U.P. India

Mobile: +918630831266

[1]Ph.D. Student, Department of Lifelong Learning & Extension, CSJM University, Kanpur, U.P., India, Email id: rameshwargupta775@gmail.com, Mobile: 8630831266

*Single author

Mashal Junaid Mashal Junaid

Fashion students are often more inclined towards practical courses rather than theory for several reasons:

While theoretical knowledge is undoubtedly important in fashion education, practical courses offer students the opportunity to develop their skills, creativity, industry relevance, and professional networks. The balance between theory and practice may vary depending on the specific program and institution, but practical courses play a vital role in preparing fashion students for the dynamic and hands-on nature of the industry.

[1]Rameshwar Gupta*,

Research Scholar,

Department of Lifelong Learning & Extension

CSJM University, Kanpur, U.P. India

Mobile: 8630831266

[1]Ph.D. Student, Department of Lifelong Learning & Extension, CSJM University, Kanpur, U.P., India, Email id: rameshwargupta775@gmail.com, Mobile: 8630831266

*Single author

At a minimum the work should be paraphrased even if it is open book, or the internet is allowed. Using the internet is not much different than looking up answers in the text (except it is easy in the sense of physically finding answers, actually looking in a textbook, or going to library to do the actual search for the materials to be used requires more work). Requiring proper references is I think important. Not sure what can be done to curb the use of technology. I think going back to the days of oral quizzes, nothing on the desk, no notes, books or access to the internet. You can learn by searching for answers, but only if you read what you find or try to understand what you found. There is a solution, no technology in the classroom and homework is done on certain days of the week in class. Three days of lecture, two days of working on assignments. And require all homework done outside of class to be handwritten, this forces the students to copy by hand whatever they found and forces them to read it at the same time, and include references in the homework. Of course making them write more or to go deep would force them to learn. In other words they have to verify what they are saying backing it up with more than one reference. This is done in colleges and graduate school, so if the work is easy to do, then require them to do more and show how they came to that conclusion. For example, anyone can use a calculator, now show me your work. If you want to use someone else's work, does it mean its correct? Prove that is it.

Hi,

have you already tried a research on Unesco db's and SDGs goal n.4?

I found this one - not exactly the same thing you're searching for, but maybe a good place to start:

Best regards

Roberto

School is important because is the place for everybody in our society. It is the best place to get people from all backgrounds sharing the same place, and learning from each other, and learning from their culture. It shares the tension between progressive and regressive forces in our societies.

I think that is what school really is, and it is different from what we think it should be.

Unfortunately, school needs to recover its role as the place where learning is the central value. That is needed in order to recover sense to formal education, which became a non-sense for many of our students and people in general.

The thriving of graduate school students is crucial for their academic journey and encompasses various dimensions such as academic success, personal growth, well-being, and professional development. It is essential to address several factors that contribute to their thriving, as doing so can significantly enhance their overall experience and outcomes.