Scheme - Science topic

In this paper, Weibull-Linear Exponential distribution (WLED) has been investigated whether being it is a well-fit distribution to a clinical real data. These data represent the duration of remission achieved by a certain drug used in the treatment of leukemia for a group of patients. The statistical inference approach is used to estimate the param...

A large number of prefabricated components are composed of different types of houses. The on-site assembly sequence of components is also the key link of the construction organization of the project. The assembly sequence obtained by manual experience is easy to omit components and interfere with each other. According to the weight and assembly pro...

What leads people to believe in conspiracy theories? In this paper, we explore the possibility that people might be drawn towards conspiracy theories because believing in them might satisfy certain existential needs and help people find meaning in their life. Through two studies (N = 289 and 287 after exclusion), we found that participants higher i...

Some new classes the higher order convex functions with respect to an arbitrary function are introduced and studied. Properties of the general functions are investigated. Higher order general variational inequalities are considered. Several important problems such as are deduced as special cases. Several iterative schemes are proposed. Convergence...

This paper proposes a steady-state power distribution derivation method for voltage source converter (VSC)-based multi-terminal HVDC (MTDC) systems and dc grids under mixed power/voltage (P/V) and current/voltage (I/V) droop control. P/V and I/V droop control are two commonly used control schemes, which can be combined to achieve co-regulation of p...

In this research work, the numerical scheme for obtaining the linear time-fractional differential equations was considered and the nature of these time-fractional differential equations are in sense of Caputo. A theorem was proved to show the Kamal transform of nth order Caputo derivatives. Finally, three problems were considered regarding the line...

For the pursuit of high-quality restoration effects, we introduce a novel non-convex extended scheme to reconstruct blurred images under impulse noise in this paper. Because of the remarkable advantages of the combination of non-convex ℓp-norm and fractional-order total variation regularization, our developed strategy possesses a brilliant ability...

This study aims to determine the relationship between religiosity, moral reasoning, and internalization of pure values as the mediator of prosocial behaviour among students in Banda Aceh, Indonesia. The Secondary Islamic Education Internalization Scale (SPPIP-M), Behaviour Reasoning Scheme Indicator (UPSTA), and Prosocial Tendencies Measure (PTM) s...

In this work, a numerical method for the singularly perturbed parabolic convection–diffusion turning point problem with Robin boundary condition was developed. The solution to the considered problem has a boundary layer on the left side of the domain. The present method comprises an implicit trapezoidal method for time discretization on a uniform m...

We consider the cubic and quintic nonlinear Schrödinger equations (NLS) under the Rd\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document}$${\mathbb {R}}^{d}$$\end{document} an...

In this paper, we investigate new classes of general quasi-variational inclusions. In this regard, we prove that general quasi-variational inclusions and fixed point problems are equivalent. This equivalence is useful in the study on the existence of a solution as well as to propose some iterative methods. Moreover, under suitable conditions, we fo...

Frequency control of an interconnected power system in the presence of wind integration is complex since wind speed/power variations also affect system frequency in addition to load perturbations. Therefore, improving existing control schemes is necessary to maintain a stable frequency in such complex power system scenarios. In this paper, a new 2-...

In this study, a systematic refinement method was developed for non-uniform Catmull-Clark subdivision surfaces to improve the quality of the surface at extraordinary points (EPs). The developed method modifies the eigenpolyhedron by designing the angles between two adjacent edges that contain an EP. Refinement rules are then formulated with the hel...

In this paper, we propose an iterative framework to solve optimal control for nonlinear proportional state-delay systems. The successive convexification technique is first implemented to convert the original nonlinear problem into a sequence of linear-quadratic problems. And a symplectic pseudospectral method, where the multi-interval pseudospectra...

Smart healthcare is being adopted gradually as information technology advances. The enormous increase in demand for smart medical imaging has resulted in the fusion of a number of important imaging technologies. In smart imaging, many times single modality images are not sufficient to extract the major or minor information from medical images. Ther...

The emergence of distributed generators has changed the operational mode and fault characteristics of the distribution network, in a way which can severely influence protection. This paper proposes a d-axis-based current differential protection scheme. The d-axis current characteristics of inverter-interfaced distributed generators and synchronous...

For the distance protection applied in converter-interfaced renewable energy systems, various AC fault ride-through strategies of converter-interfaced sources will cause a large phase difference between the operating current of the distance relay and the fault current, resulting in the mal-operation of the distance relay. To overcome this issue, th...

Wireless enabling technologies in critical infrastructures are increasing the efficiency of communications. Most of these technologies are vulnerable to jamming attacks. Jamming attacks are among the most effective countermeasures to attack and compromise their availability. Jamming is an interfering signal that limits the intended receiver from co...

Wonji Shoa Sugar Estate (WSSE) is one of the large-scale irrigation schemes in Ethiopia which was established in 1951. The aim of this study was to evaluate the performance of current furrow irrigation water management practices of WSSE. Performance evaluation of the current furrow irrigation was evaluated based on field experiment and the WinSRFR...

In this study, fractional order pseudo-parabolic partial differential equation defined by Caputo derivative is investigated with initial-boundary conditions. Modified double Laplace decomposition method is used to find the exact solution of this equation. Explicit finite difference is constructed for this partial differential equation. Stability es...

We introduce an inductive n -qubit pure-state estimation method based on projective measurements on m n + 1 separable bases or m entangled bases plus the computational basis, with m ≥ 2. The method exhibits a favorable scaling in the number of qubits compared to other estimation schemes. The use of separable bases makes our estimation method partic...

By time discretization of a second-order primal–dual dynamical system with damping α/t where an inertial construction in the sense of Nesterov is needed only for the primal variable, we propose a fast primal–dual algorithm for a linear equality constrained convex optimization problem. Under a suitable scaling condition, we show that the proposed al...

In this paper, we propose a design rule of rate-compatible punctured multi-edge type low-density parity-check (MET-LDPC) code ensembles with degree-one variable nodes for the information reconciliation (IR) of continuous-variable quantum key distribution (CV-QKD) systems. In addition to the rate compatibility, the design rule effectively resolves t...

Objectives The main aim of this paper is to develop a linear B-spline finite element method for solving generalized diffusion equations with delay. The linear B-spline basis function is used to discretize the space variable. The time discretization process is based on Crank-Nicolson. The benefit of the scheme is that the numerical solution is obtai...

This paper analyzes the impact of the COVID-19 crisis on household income in Austria, using detailed administrative labor market data, in combination with micro-simulation techniques that enable specific labor market transitions to be modeled. We find that discretionary fiscal policy measures in Austria are key to counteracting the inequality- and...

We show that a specific skew-symmetric form of nonlinear hyperbolic problems leads to energy and entropy bounds. Next, we exemplify by considering the compressible Euler equations in primitive variables, transform them to skew-symmetric form and show how to obtain energy and entropy estimates. Finally we show that the skew-symmetric formulation lea...

Three-terminal (3-T) thyristor random-access memory is explored for a next-generation high-density nanoscale vertical cross-point array. The effects of standby voltages on the device are thoroughly investigated in terms of gate–cathode voltage ( V GC,ST ) and anode–cathode voltage ( V AC,ST ) in the standby state for superior data retention charact...

Optical directed logic (DL) is a novel logic operation scheme that employs electrical signals as operands to control the working states of optical switches to perform the logic functions. This review first provides an overview of the concept and working principle of DL. The developing trends of DL computing are then discussed in detail, including t...

The subarray MIMO radar (SMIMO) is a multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) radar with elements in the form of a sub-array that acts as a phased array (PAR), so it combines at the same time the key advantage of the PAR radar, which is high directional gain to increase target range, and the key advantage of the MIMO radar, i.e., high diversity gains...

In this work, we introduce a notion of dissipative weak solution for a system describing the evolution of a heat-conducting incompressible non-Newtonian fluid. This concept of solution is based on the balance of entropy instead of the balance of energy and has the advantage that it admits a weak–strong uniqueness principle, justifying the proposed...

This paper proposes a tunnelling magnetoresistance (TMR) based current sensor considering temperature error compensation, for the measurement of current in the range from a few hundred micro-amperes to a few hundred mini-amperes, in the applications in power systems. Theoretic and simulation analysis are studied for the optimization design of the T...

Radiative intensity with high directional and spatial resolutions can provide abundant useful information for combustion diagnosis systems based on radiative images. In this paper, an angular-spatial upwind element differential method (ASUEDM) is developed to discretize angular direction and spatial domain of radiative transfer equation (RTE) in a...

There remain considerable controversies over payments for ecosystem services (PES) as an essential approach to improving ecosystem services. This study reviewed various definitions of PES and explored its economic nature; then explored previous methods for estimating the PES standard and finally proposed possible agendas for future PES research. Re...

Regression testing activities greatly reduce the risk of faulty software release. However, the size of the test suites grows throughout the development process, resulting in time-consuming execution of the test suite and delayed feedback to the software development team. This has urged the need for approaches such as test case prioritization (TCP)...

Mixing process is crucial for ignition and combustion in powder-fueled ramjets. The mixing performance depends mainly on the inlet layout. In this study, the effects of four popular inlet layouts were investigated and were found to significantly influence the particle distribution. In this study, the Savitzky-Golay approach was used to handle large...

During ship emergencies, a reliable and efficient evacuation system is able to guide passengers to the appropriate muster stations as quickly as possible. The majority of the existing indoor evacuation systems provide emergency guidance for people trapped in general buildings. However, those systems fail to consider the unique challenges of ship pa...

The scaling distortion assessment needs to be improved to meet the expectations of international nuclear community. In other research fields, dynamic time warping (DTW) has been widely used in similarity measurement of time series. In this paper, DTW is introduced into the scaling distortion assessment. By comparing the mapping effect of process cu...

Partially oxidizing methane into syngas via a two step chemical looping scheme is a promising option for methane transformation. However, providing the optimum lattice oxygen to selectively produce syngas represents the major challenge for the development of oxygen carrier materials in chemical looping processes. In this work, a NiO-modified LaFeO3...

This paper presents a quantized output feedback model reference adaptive control (MRAC) scheme for a class of single-input and single-output discrete-time linear time-invariant systems with unknown parameters. Our method, firstly, integrates the well-known MRAC and quantized control techniques to construct a quantized output feedback adaptive contr...

The closed-loop stability of an optimal policy provided by an Economic Nonlinear Model Predictive Control (ENMPC) scheme requires the existence of a storage function satisfying dissipativity conditions. Unfortunately, finding such a storage function is difficult in general. In contrast, tracking NMPC scheme uses a stage cost that is lower-bounded b...

The PVT technology combines solar PV and solar thermal in the same PVT panel. In this way, both electricity and heat are produced by the PVT panel. Compared to the PV technology and the solar heating technology the PVT technology is in the early market stage with only few small and weak industries active. Best practices for the PVT technology, whic...

The 6th generation mobile networks require large bandwidth on sub-Terahertz bands to provide more than 100 Gbps throughput. To provide enough beamforming gain to combat the path loss on high-frequency bands, large-scale antenna arrays should be used, which generate narrow and directive beams. It may require hundreds or thousands of beams to cover a...

An accurate and efficient DC fault current assessment of modular multilevel converters (MMCs) is critical for designs and protection. The state-of-the-art often ignores the impact of the AC infeed in the DC fault assessment without MMC blocking. However, whether the AC infeed needs to be considered or not is a controversial problem. This paper prop...

Energy stable and conservative nonlinear weakly imposed interface conditions for the incompressible Euler equations are derived in the continuous setting. By discretely mimicking the continuous analysis using summation-by-parts operators, we prove that the numerical scheme is stable and conservative. The theoretical findings are verified by numeric...

In this paper, we focus on pressure-robust analysis of a mixed finite element method for the numerical discretization of nonstationary magnetohydrodynamics system. The velocity field is discretized by divergence-conforming Raviart-Thomas spaces with interior penalties, and the magnetic equation is approximated by curl-conforming Nédélec edge elemen...

This study presents a comparison of three different S‐band thulium‐doped fiber amplifiers (TDFA) designs. The gain performances of the amplifiers are analyzed based on each scheme, separately. With −20 dBm input power, to provide ground‐state and excited‐state absorptions, the 1050 nm pump is used in all designs. The thulium‐doped fiber (TDF) lengt...

This paper deals with the fault detection (FD) problem for uncertain time-delayed systems with nonlinearities satisfying incremental quadratic constraints. To begin with, an observer is designed to construct the residual system for FD purpose. Because the output disturbance is involved in the residual dynamics, this residual cannot be used for FD d...

A dynamic programming model with time-domain simulations of contingencies is created to find the least-costly operational strategies according to a probabilistic operational criterion with selected preventive and corrective actions. The results show that the operational model can identify strategies which appear to be satisfactory according to a st...

Accurate and reliable carrier phase ambiguity resolution (AR) is the key to global navigation satellite system (GNSS) high-precision navigation and positioning applications. The integer least squares (ILS) estimation and the best integer equivariant (BIE) estimation are two widely used AR method, with the former considered to have the highest succe...

This study provides analytical approximate solutions to classes of nonlinear differential equations with generalized Caputo-type fractional derivatives. The Adomian decomposition method is successfully extended and modified to handle the considered fractional models. Our study displays the useful features of the modified scheme as an effective tech...

In this study, a two-level optimization framework for cold-formed steel (CFS) is proposed. A concise family with a minimum number of CFS sections is obtained to substitute the original 48 commonly used commercial sections, while satisfying the flexural capacity and ductility requirements. Firstly, the numerical models of the commercial sections are...

In this paper we consider a class of quasi-periodically forced perturbations of the dissipative Boussinesq systems with an elliptic fixed point (see (1.4)) in two cases: Hamiltonian case and reversible case. We prove the existence and linear stability of quasi-periodic solutions for the system (1.4) with periodic boundary conditions. The method of...

Compared with the traditional scalar tracking structure, the vector tracking structure of the satellite navigation receiver has a better signal tracking sensitivity in high dynamic and other situations. However, due to the limited accuracy, it is really hard for a vector tracking loop to maintain the lock of carrier phase. In order to solve this pr...

Considering its unique operational and power consumption characteristics, internet data center (IDC) has been intensively investigated as a promising candidate to provide flexibility for electric power system. In this paper, a data-driven flexibility assessment scheme for IDC is proposed by investigating the temporal shifting capability of periodic...

In this study, the time characteristics of the image quality degradation caused by aero-optical effects in time-varying hypersonic conditions have been investigated to ensure the precision of the guidance capability. The time-accurate imaging scheme based on time discretization has been used to predict the imaging quality of the infrared detection...

Mobile edge computing (MEC) is a promising technology for the Internet of Vehicles, especially in terms of application offloading and resource allocation. Most existing offloading schemes are sub-optimal, since these offloading strategies consider an application as a whole. In comparison, in this paper we propose an application-centric framework an...

In this paper, we deal with some new kinds of problems defined on the whole euclidean space ℝN,N≥1, involving an operator with variable exponent which depends on the unknown solution u. In the first part of this work, we treat a local second‐order partial differential equation, that is, when the exponent depends on the variable x∈ℝN through the unk...

Web openings often need to be created in structural elements for the passage of utility ducts and/or pipes. Such web openings reduce the cross-sectional area of the structural element in the affected region, leading to a decrease in its load-carrying capacity and stiffness. This paper experimentally studies the effect of web openings on the respons...

This study aims to determine the proof schemes used by primary education teacher candidates when solving a given problem and in their instructional explanations. Having a qualitative nature, the study utilized data collected from 277 third-year teacher candidates studying at the primary education department of the education faculty of a state unive...

Today, there is a clear need in developing a unified theoretical model of legal argumentation viable for all areas of legal practice and legal doctrine. Despite the existence of several models within either general argumentation theory or multiple judicial-reasoning doctrines, none of them can be used as a universal tool for studies of legal argume...

High-order TENO schemes for hyperbolic conservation laws