Sahara - Science topic

Which Method Used in Irrigation of Desert Area in sahara Desert?

Can anyone help me to identify this plant? These photos were taken in the south west of Algeria (Sahara).

I am having this idea of reclaiming part of the Sahara by planting trees to see whether it will assist in combating Climate Change.

In the process of creating a personal archive of satellite images, I noticed low cloudiness at night, atypical for the deserts of Africa of the Arabian Peninsula and the Middle East (attached the picture). This natural phenomenon began on November 13, 2001 and ended on January 22, 2002. The Nyiragongo eruption began on January 17 and ended on January 23, 2002. It is well known that the African Plate is surrounded by spreading zones (map attached). This is her feature. Assuming that the spreading is uniform around the slab, the slab will rise. This situation was in November-December (see the map in Figure 1). The compression of the African Plate was accompanied by unusual clouds. In January, the African Plate was shrinking along the northwest-southeast axis (see the map in Figure 4). On January 22, the African plate "broke" along the rift fault and the clouds stopped. The eruption has also stopped. What is the most obvious cause of clouds over the Sahara?

Good governance has key elements such as rule of law, participatory, consensus oriented, accountable, transparent, responsive, effective and efficient, equitable and inclusive. However analysis of the performance of most governments in Sub Sahara Africa shows that they are failing to achieve it. The question is what are the reasons explaining why most government are failing to promote good governance ?

Despite the abundance of clay materials in sub Sahara Africa, most buildings are made from sand blocks. How to shift from sand blocks to clay bricks with poor technology?

I am working on Education in Sub Sahara Africa. I recently found some literature and primary data collection on the use of mobile phones in teacher education and enhanced student learning. On one hand mobile phones are cheaper and access to the net is more widely and consistently available than when using older computer technology (including the tablets disseminated via OLPC). Does anyone know of any research which provides evidence that mobile phone based learning is valuable or a distraction from learning in Africa? I have seen Savoirs communs n°17, Digital Services for Education in AfricaDoes anyone have any experience of teaching in Africa that might consider helping me understand things better?

Hello dear researchers,

The Saharan areas are characterized by a problem of rising in static levels of groundwater, we think to preserve excess waters by storing them in other lithological layers that can be considered as natural obstacles through a reorientation of the underground water flow by artificial canals in the bordering areas. Do you think that the idea is technically debatable in these regions which are characterized by a flat topographic level and absence of natural outlets with an important sandy lithological material? Thanks.

I am looking for researchers to collaborate with interms of impact of Ready to use therapeutic food among under nourished children in Sub Sahara Africa, I would like to do a systematic reviews

Do you think it is realistic to consider afforestation of deserts, including the Sahara?

Here are some arguments:

1. The Sahara was probably not a desert before, there were rivers and vegetation.

2. At least partial afforestation of the Sahara would clearly improve Africa's economic conditions.

3. Stop the spread of the desert, resp. its reduction is technically possible, as evidenced by the Chinese, who are effectively preventing the spread of the desert to some of their large cities. Israel also owns and develops the necessary technologies.

4. It is proven that the existence of a forest belt on the coast (approximately 200 km wide) will significantly affect the climate and precipitation conditions further inland. This is, for example, the problem of weaker precipitation activity in Central Europe due to declining forests further on the Atlantic coast (support of so-called small water cycle).

5. The project could serve as a "hunger wall" to increase employment on a large social project.

6. It is a great challenge and a unique long-term opportunity for politicians and capital. In my opinion, better and more real than conquering Mars.

I am studying precipitation patterns in the central Sahel. These seem to depend strongly on two temperature gradients, which influence the relative strength of the northern and southern Hadley circulation: to the north, the temperature gradient between the eastern Mediterranean and the southern Sahara (large gradient contributes to strong wind, keeping the southern Hadley cell and thus the rain at bay), and to the south, the temperature gradient between the coast of Nigeria/Cameroon (from where a lot of moisture is transported inland between rows of mountains) and the southern Sahara.

The problem is that more rainfall in the central Sahel (i take this as 12-15N, 0-20E) contributes to a reduction in average Tmax in the entire area, including the southern Sahel. There thus seems to be a complex feedback loop: high Sahara temperatures relative to the Mediterranean contribute to strong northerly winds, contributing to low rainfall, thus sustaining high Sahara temperatures. At the same time, high Sahara temperatures relative to the Atlantic coast contribute to strong southerly winds, which bring in more moisture, and should reduce Sahel temperatures.

When I detrend P against the trend in temperature gradients, I get the graph for JA (data for P and Tmax from CRU) as attached. This is a very strong correlation (r=0.85) with both multidecadal and interannual variability, but I am not sure what to do with the positive feedback loop between the northern temperature gradient and Tmax in the southern Sahara, and the negative feedback loop between the southern temperature gradient and Tmax in the southern Sahara.

If I only take the temperature gradient between the Atlantic Coast and the Mediterranean Coast, r stays around 0.7.

Note that I calculated correlations for the period 1950-2018, as measurements during World War 2 were very limited in the Mediterranean. The graph is drawn for the period 1920-2018, as a reasonable amount of rainfall data is available from around 1920 onwards (even though CRU data goes back to 1900).

Kind regards,

Timmo Gaasbeek

What is the future of regional languages as mediums of instruction in Africa

Dear colleagues,

I am looking for this publication:

OZENDA, P. & P. QUÉZEL (1956). Les Zygophyllacées de l'Afrique du Nord et du Sahara. Trav. Inst. Rech. Sahar. 14

We have some issues of this series in our library but this one is missing unfortunately.

Thanks and best wishes,

Filip

In recent years we have seen a cooling in the Sahara, North America, Europe.Some kind of ambivalent feeling: global warming in the press and real cooling in reality

Is mandatory HIV testing in Health Institutions the quickest way to reduce HIV transmissions in Sub Sahara Africa ? What would the the effect on pre test HIV counselling.

Year 580 Numidian historian Procope, in Byzancio, observed so dense clouds coming from the East and wondered if it's an unpredicted eclipse. It's the implosion of Rabaul volcano, in Papuasia, that left a 40km-caldera (Nasa photo). I think this enormous mass of micro particules provoqued a terrible climate change, that dried up Felix Arabia and the Sahara savan. And it lasted for centuries. A proof of it is the culture of the pastel plant (isiatis tinctorial). It comes from the middle mountains steppes of Central Asia. Chinese used it to fight heat shock, as a medicinal plant. Arabs managed to distillate it and found that blue colorant that resist sun. That's how Omeyades bring the plant in the Sahara desert and show Tuaregs how to do clothes that cure them from the sun. But soon, Sahara was drying up so they had to grow pastel north, by Mediterraneo Sea and soon, they had to cross the sea, to grow it in Grenade but the plant wasn't doing well, so they went up to Occitania to grew pastel. It worked for some centuries until again the plants were dying. The war against Cathars was launched because French suspected they had colorant treasures and reserves but didn't want to sell them. Because blue was a big business, in brown, earthian middle ages. And even for black, you needed to taint it blue before to resist the sun. After three centuries of killing and stealing, French decided to plant it in Northern France (Baie de Somme), and it worked well. But, at least, by 15th c.AC, climate went softer and they could again grow pastel in Occitania. 200 years later, Hollandeses would win over everybody, bringing back Javanese indigo and planting it in Africa.

From former researches, I knew Majorcan Jews dealt with gold from Sudan and that a Jewish community was living in the desert (they were mentioned in the Cresques map, appearing as a coma on the desert highway). From my Balearic island of Formentera, I could not go on further. But, promoting my historical work about Algiers on Algerian History Forums, this amazing Latin 1447 letter popped up, conserved in La Genizah’s archives, the great synagogue from El Cairo, because it contains the name of God in Hebrew (la Genizah’s archives collects all the texts that mention the name of God in Hebrew). It’s Antonio Malfante, Genovese merchant in Majorca in 1447, on the track of Majorcan Jews, looking for the lost Jewish tribes in Touat desert. Can any Latinist help me to translate the letter? Touat-en.docx is an article I wrote for Diario de Mallorca but wasn’t published.

Sabia, por otras investigaciones, que los Judios de Majorca negociaban el oro de Sudan y que vivia en el desierto una comunidad judia que aparece en el mapa de los Cresques (como una coma en la autopista del Sahara). Hasta alli habia llegado desde mi isla balear de Formentera. Pero, haciendo la promocion de mi trabajo historico sobre Argel en los foros de Historia de Argelia, salio esa asombrosa carta de lo mas hondo de los archivos de la Geniza, la gran sinagoga de El Cairo. Es Antonio Malfante, negociante genoves residente en Mallorca, 1447, siguiendole la pista a los judios de Mallorca, a la busqueda de los judios del Sahara. Ruego su ayuda a los latinistas para traducir la carta. He aqui un articulo atrevido que escribi para Diario de Mallorca pero no lo publicaron.

Trees don’t grow in deserts (e.g., Sahara). Why? – The answer to this question is based on a particular combination of evolutionary history, physiology and ecology.

Do you agree with this statement?

Could you explain your point of view?

[I’m a Brazilian biologist and writer. I write about science (mainly about population biology) and would like to know the opinion of colleagues from any field of scientific knowledge (and from other countries).]

See also Habitat, environment and ecological niche (https://www.researchgate.net/post/Habitat_environment_and_ecological_niche).

I belong to a research team of archaeologists from the Univeristy of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU) that works in the Liberated Territories of the Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic.

One of the aspects of our research focuses on the analysis of the palaeoenviroment in this region during the Pleistocene.

We've obtained some OSL samples from palaeodunes and we would like to know if someone knows a dating laboratory with experience in the analysis of this sort of environments or has worked with samples form the Sahara desert.

Thank you very much.

Link to the website of the project: http://www.kultursahar.org/

I learnt that some farmers in Darfur, Sudan, expect good rains when the Pleiades (known locally as Thuraya) are seen early (in May), and poor rains when Thuraya is seen late. There might be a multi-year cycle that coincides with a cycle of good and poor rains. Does anyone know if there is such a cycle?

Does anyone has the location map and name of all the drill-holes ( drilled in 80s) in Sirte Basin?

I am working on tectnomagmatic evolution of northern extremity of Sahara Metacraton.

Location maps, cross sections basement maps would be very helpful.

Sincerest Regards,

Munazzam Ali

I have seen the GPS tracks of Montagu's Harrier Hinrich from fall 2014, crossing the Mediterranean sea from Albania to Libya. From a Red Kite telemetry I know that some birds were using a vessel for sea crossing. Has this been taken into account as a possibility to explain the enormous oversea migration distances?

Kind regards Jürgen Berlin

Looking for a proper theoretical framework to anchor corporate diversification and performance of deposit money banks in sub Sahara africa

Dear RG researchers

Thanks for valuable comments on relationship between tectonic plate shift, change in position of earth's axis and desertification (development of Sahara desert).

regards

Ijaz

In most developing nations especially sub Sahara Africa, water is bagged with polyethylene materials. ..

Sustainable development is a serious challenge in sub- sahara Africa.what could be the cause??????

They were found at ancient fire places, where sand dunes have moved away. To me they seem to be neolithic.

I want to divide my ocean data into 5 groups: North Pacific, South Pacific, North Atlantic, South Atlantic, and Indian. Does anyone know the dataset or R package doing this?

Many thanks!

Lei

I am preparing an article on threats to rock art in the Western Desert of Egypt, and my case study is the Dakhleh Oasis. I am looking mainly for references concerning threats to rock art sites in Egypt, especially in deserts. Reports on rock art vandalism, looting and destruction from other regions of the Sahara would also be of help.

How do the people studying ethnobotany identify species in some particular region? Is there any website where we can get the details of plants by uploading the pictures? 

I'm trying to check the ElNino effect affect to sea level rise around SriLanka.In addition to that I also try to find the correlation between temperature,rainfall with ElNino.My problem is can I use the existing indices like 3,3.4,4 or can  I prepare a local Nino inex.If can how I create a local Nino index.What data should I get.

El Omayed is a protected area, locate at northern coast, egypt

for ecosystem conservation

Relating location of the Redom River in NW Africa. I know only the former name of this river and I need for any information about its current name and geographic position (coordinates)