Research Papers - Science topic

In research papers, the number of outliers is not typically included in the total sample size (n=x) unless specifically mentioned in the methodology or analysis. The sample size n usually refers to the number of valid observations in your dataset, excluding outliers. However, the handling of outliers (such as identifying, excluding, or reporting them) is usually described separately.

Here are some common practices regarding outliers in research papers:

So, unless the outliers are part of the dataset's analysis, they are not typically included in the main n figure for the research paper.

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We are associated with Top publishers and indexing journals

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🔗 Connect with us on LinkedIn https://www.linkedin.com/company/quick-publishers

Publishing your research article in the Semestre Económico Puno journal is a paramount action within the Latin academic community. It allows you to establish links with other researchers and further refine your plans and studies. Let's learn more about publishing research articles here. Let's learn more about publishing research articles here https://semestreeconomico.unap.edu.pe/index.php/revista/issue/archive

Dear Javeria Khalid

Publishing a research paper quickly requires careful planning, efficient work, and choosing the right venues. Here are the key steps to speed up the process:

See https://www.researchgate.net/post/Is_it_possible_to_publish_an_article_without_institutional_affiliation and my reply therein with more links to related discussions.

Yashraj Dudhe I am interested

Hello, get in touch with me. We can discuss and see way out. hezron.kebenei01@gmail.com

Not sure if I can give you a specific research paper, but to give you a head start, here are some topics where such models are commonly used:

Hope it helped.

Unfortunately, I do not know such editors.

Soap making with oils involves a chemical reaction with lye, which is caustic and requires careful handling to ensure safety. For safe practices and further information, resources such as the Soap Making Resource and the School of Natural Skincare provide valuable guidelines on lye and essential oil usage.

Antonio Vives Moreno

Please see the link

Hope this helps.

The short version: no, you can't.

The long version: of course you can open the original publication on the publisher's website and compare the author lists in order to find out if somebody claimed a piece of research on RG in order to boost some meaningless metric, but when it comes to verifying whether in the original author list there are people who are just "honorable mentions", that's almost impossible without an academia-internal investigation except for a few blatantly obvious cases.

Greetings You may check

Under research items there are several articles on computing Download them and see if they r relevant to your research domain

This is not possible. See also: https://www.researchgate.net/post/How_can_I_transfer_my_Google_Scholar_information_to_ResearchGate_especially_my_article_citations

I am interested only in the educational assessment. I am sorry to say that I have not read this paper.

Give your e.mail address.

In simple terms:

A research paper creates new science and add novel knowledge to a field of study, where as a review paper usually intends to provide an overview, either brief or extensive, about certain topic based on previous studies

A review article or review paper is based on other published articles. It does not report original research. Review articles generally summarize the existing literature on a topic in an attempt to explain the current state of understanding on the topic. Review articles can be of three kinds:

Review papers form valuable scientific literature as they summarize the findings of existing literature. So readers can form an idea about the existing knowledge on a topic without having to read all the published works in the field. Well-written review articles are popular, particularly in the field of medicine and healthcare. Most reputed journals publish review articles. However, you should check the website of the journal you wish to get published in to see if they accept such articles. If published in a good peer-reviewed journal, review articles often have a high impact and receive a lot of citations.

Cooperation between countries in the field of technological innovation becomes a key factor in their economic growth and strategic development. Being at the crossroads of geopolitical interests, Azerbaijan and Serbia are actively developing cooperation in various fields such as agriculture, defense and energy. These three sectors play an important role in the continued economic growth of both countries, and technological advances in these areas can help them integrate into global markets and improve their competitiveness. The purpose of this article is to review the technological achievements of Azerbaijan and Serbia in key sectors-agriculture, military and energy-and analyze their implications for strategic growth and strengthening of cooperation between the countries.

The Q4/6 humification index, measured using UV-Vis absorbance at 472 nm and 664 nm, usually decreases over time during composting, indicating an increase in complex, stable organic compounds. In your case, however, an increase in Q4/6 suggests that simpler, less decomposed organic materials are dominant, which may mean that the vermicompost is still maturing. Possible reasons for this include composting conditions (temperature, pH, moisture), the composition of the initial feedstock, microbial and earthworm activity, or variability in sample preparation and measurement.

To better assess maturity, you could compare these findings with additional indicators, such as the C/N ratio, pH, and microbial activity, and consider using other techniques like FTIR or fluorescence spectroscopy to verify organic matter composition and confirm the compost’s maturity stage.

Dear @Özgün but i m discussing about only crystallization temperature....is that justified...with urea formaldehyde matrix which have glass transition temperature 150°c and fiber decomposition at 300°c by TGA results

Designing a compact, portable antenna that covers a wide range of frequencies (100 MHz to 500 MHz) requires balancing size, performance, and bandwidth. Below are some possible types of antennas that can meet your requirements:

1. Telescopic Dipole Antenna

- Description : A telescopic dipole antenna is extendable and can cover a wide frequency range by adjusting its length.

- Size : Can be less than 1 meter when collapsed, with a small width.

- Frequency Range : Typically covers 100 MHz to 500 MHz when extended to appropriate lengths for resonance.

- Design : A simple dipole with two adjustable arms that can collapse when not in use. Each arm can be extended to half the wavelength of the desired frequency.

- Advantages : Lightweight, easy to deploy, and highly portable.

- Limitations : Must be manually adjusted for optimal frequency.

2. Helical Antenna

- Description : A helical antenna can be made compact by winding a conductor into a helical shape, which helps reduce the physical size while maintaining performance.

- Size : Typically less than 1 meter; it’s wound on a cylindrical form factor, making it compact and portable.

- Frequency Range : Can be designed for a broadband operation between 100 MHz and 500 MHz by adjusting the helix pitch, diameter, and length.

- Design : The helix can be wound tightly on a small diameter cylinder (e.g., PVC pipe or dielectric material). The gain and bandwidth can be adjusted by changing the spacing between the windings.

- Advantages : Robust, compact, and does not require tuning.

- Limitations : Typically has a directional pattern unless designed as a conical helix for omnidirectional use.

3. Log-Periodic Dipole Array (LPDA)

- Description : The LPDA is a broadband antenna design that can cover a wide range of frequencies by combining multiple dipoles of different lengths.

- Size : Compact and usually foldable; you could create a portable version with a structure that folds down.

- Frequency Range : Effective over a wide range, covering from 100 MHz up to 500 MHz.

- Design : A small-scale LPDA can be created by designing shorter, closer elements. It could be made from thin rods or telescoping elements that can collapse for storage.

- Advantages : Offers good gain and bandwidth across the desired frequency range.

- Limitations : The directional pattern may require pointing toward the signal source, and it can be slightly complex to construct.

4. Sleeve Dipole Antenna

- Description : A sleeve dipole antenna is essentially a monopole with a sleeve that acts as a counterpoise, providing a balanced radiation pattern.

- Size : Compact; typically fits within a 1-meter length.

- Frequency Range : Suitable for broadband applications like 100-500 MHz.

- Design : This can be made by placing a coaxial sleeve (quarter wavelength long) over a central element. The sleeve acts as a counterpoise, allowing the antenna to operate efficiently without needing a large ground plane.

- Advantages : Omnidirectional pattern, simple design, compact.

- Limitations : Limited in flexibility for precise tuning across wide frequencies.

5. Small Magnetic Loop Antenna

- Description : A small magnetic loop antenna is compact and can work over a wide frequency range if carefully tuned.

- Size : Less than 1 meter in diameter, with a thin conductor for the loop.

- Frequency Range : With a variable capacitor, it can be tuned from 100 MHz to 500 MHz.

- Design : Constructed as a loop of conductor with a capacitor for tuning. The loop can be made from thin copper tubing or wire to reduce width.

- Advantages : Highly portable, omnidirectional radiation pattern, and efficient for its size.

- Limitations : Requires tuning for different frequencies within the range, which may be less practical for on-the-fly adjustments.

Suggested Approach

The Telescopic Dipole Antenna or Helical Antenna might be the best choices for your needs, given their simplicity, ease of portability, and adaptability over the 100-500 MHz range.

Intersecting the areas of Artificial Intelligence and Blockchain within Digital Forensics really presents an area filled with the prospects for new research but meaningful contributions can only take place when key challenges facing current literature are at least partially solved. An immutable, decentralized ledger by blockchain and predictive/pattern recognition capacities of AI present an unseen transformative potential, but there remain major gaps, mostly regarding scalability, legal compliance, and integration into existing forensic methodology. When blockchain technology is claimed to enhance the integrity of digital forensic evidence by being inherently distributed and tamper-proof, what is yet inadequately explored is how blockchain technology can really function under real-world forensic environments burdened with significant volumes of data and stringent chain-of-custody controls. Most notably, there is a serious gap in the area of scalability; it causes painstaking waits during transaction verification that is completely unacceptable for real-time evidence handling. Optimizations of the consensus algorithm, or layer-two solutions like state channels, could mitigate these latencies, but would make blockchain technology feasible to rapidly track forensic data. Doing more with the integration into forensic workflows than only keeping a record of data shall push the blockchain technology in ensuring data not only comes with proof of authenticity but also each transformation, as well as each access point, with strict compliance by forensic standards. AI in general has traditionally played a role of automating labor-intensive aspects in evidence analysis. Deep learning does an outstanding job of anomalies in vast datasets, although it significantly suffers in this field by being non-transparency and non-explainable which are important areas in judicial application. For experts in this domain, a contribution would be exploring how one can implement Explainable AI (XAI) in forensic context using blockchain as mechanisms for maintaining auditability, for example, XAI models can be used in deriving human-readable explanations for an output of a model, meanwhile blockchain ensures an immutable log of these decision pathways, strengthens the evidentiary basis upon which forensic findings are relied. This dual approach not only promotes transparency but also lifts the credibility of AI-based insights, so they are appropriate for court standards that require evidence to be clear and reproducible. This interplay between AI and blockchain within socio-technical frameworks of current research areas is a relatively untouched area. From purely technical exercises to socio-technological practice, digital forensics involves keeping in mind human behaviors alongside the technological tools for their implementation. AI-driven behavioral analysis such as understanding attacker patterns or identifying insider threats can be enhanced with blockchain's immutable records to give a comprehensive view of how an incident unfolded, and practitioners may connect dots between individual behaviors and data artifacts. It is challenging, however because one needs to move from the descriptive insight to causal understanding-through advanced techniques like causal inference models- to reconstruct events with precision and accountability. Then, research may extend into multi-party computation including stakeholders such as corporate entities, law enforcement and forensic labs that, under shared but privacy-preserving blockchain-backed data, collectively gather insights without compromising of research with considerable significance is the ethical and regulatory implications of embedding AI and blockchain in digital forensics. Blockchain's immutability conflicts with privacy standards such as GDPR's "right to be forgotten," posing a basic challenge to forensic data management. The directions in which mechanisms regarding selective mutability or time-limited evidence hashing can be evolved are such that they allow compliance with data privacy requirements while maintaining a verified chain-of-custody for admissibility in legal settings. Furthermore, ethical concerns about bias in the training data and even model accountability are legitimate in AI and should be addressed in a manner that ensures fairness where such biases can lead to wrongful incriminations. Building checks for fairness into the models of AI, and logging their outcomes on the blockchain, would help ensure that the integrity and trustworthiness demanded in high-stakes investigations cannot be compromised. Real life-application is also another dimension. This potential must be validated, however, by real-world cases in forensics to have any meaning. Consider, for instance the Colonial Pipeline ransomware incident or the SolarWinds attack-two prime examples in where blockchain could strengthen a chain of evidence and AI could accelerate analysis of attack vectors. Even based on these actual events, case studies can be elaborated not only to weigh how blockchain and AI might have helped in the process of investigation theoretically but also under the constraints that came at that point - be it computational, logistical, or even ethical. It would serve to bring the discussion along a track of speculative value into actual applied worth. Federated learning with blockchain-based security opens a pathway to applying AI models to forensic analysis without comprom­ising privacy. In federated learning, for instance, AI models could be trained across decentralized data without the sharing of raw data-vital in forensic cases where sensitive information may be involved. This would record immutably data provenance and model iterations when coupled with blockchain. The use of homomorphic encryption within this setup would further allow for the processing of encrypted data with confidentiality maintained throughout the pipeline of investigation. Finally, any consideration of these technologies must include their broader societal impact. The eventual end of blockchain and AI integration in digital forensics would be to add to the speed, reliability, and transparency of forensic investigations. A blockchain-backed AI solution could demystify forensic evidence to make it understandable and verifiable not only for legal professionals but to the general public. Consider a situation where cybercrime victims can independently verify that the evidence has not been tampered with. Transparency implies ethical considerations regarding privacy and the features of sensitive information being far too readily accessible. There is a fine balance that must be reached between transparency and privacy, and the possibility that your research would recommend multi-layered controls using smart contracts to apply differing access levels to forensic analysts, legal entities, or the affected individuals, among others, to different degrees. Thank you Sachin Gupta .

Dear Archana Godbole

Mr. Wolfgang R. Dick already added a helpful answer. I agree with his approach. Additionally, you can get more help from YouTube with several tutorials that walk you through the process step-by-step. This can be particularly useful if you're new to ResearchGate's interface or have any specific questions about optimizing your paper’s visibility on the platform.

You may find several ideas in these discussions:

Here is a very quick answer: Search for keywords such as "chronoamperometry" or "retention". These will cover respectively: a) change in resistance under constant bias and b) change in resistance over time with no bias (except the bits where you measure it).

Bear in mind: chronoamperometry is still quite a niche technique so you might not find very much!

What can be said with decent certainty is that open access has an impact advantage over science behind paywalls. View numbers are substantially higher resulting in higher citation numbers:

Going beyond that, the plain number of views is not necessarily a guarantee that it will be cited at all:

Thus, establishing a causality there probably would require shady argumentations.

You can find these variables, dependent and independent variables in a quantitative research study. For example of a quantitative research study topic: "Investigating the impact of the traditional lecture method of learning experiences on students' engagement, passivity, and lack of interaction in the classroom setting." The Dependent variable is: Traditional lecture method of learning. The Independent variables are: 1) students' engagement; 2) passivity; and 3) lack of interaction. In this research study you have to measure the independent variables via using a questionnaire tool as a survey instrument to be answered by the participating student population in the research study. Hope this makes sense to you.

Start by writing review papers. Download some of the best review papers, observe them, and start to write

yes

i think we can cooperate to each other If you give me more detail.

For a first-year undergraduate research paper in structural engineering, you could explore a topic like “The Role of Sustainable Materials in Modern Structural Design.” This paper could focus on how eco-friendly materials, such as geopolymer concrete or bamboo, are integrated into structural systems to reduce environmental impact. You could also discuss the challenges of replacing traditional materials with sustainable alternatives, along with basic case studies of their applications in small structures like pedestrian bridges or pavilions.

This topic introduces sustainability in construction, aligns with global trends, and is suitable for a foundational research project.

The following discussions deal with the question of how to find a suitable journal:

You select your chosen journal then read their criteria for publication :)

To edit your ResearchGate profile, log in and click on your profile picture at the top right, then select “Edit Profile.” You can change your photo by clicking on the current photo and uploading a new one. To correct the research papers, go to the “Publications” section, remove any papers that aren’t yours, and add your correct papers manually. If you need more help, ResearchGate’s support can assist you.

A research paper presents original findings from a study, a conference paper is a research paper presented at a conference, and a review paper summarizes existing research on a topic. To publish original research papers, consider reputable journals in your field, such as those indexed in databases like Scopus or Web of Science.

It sounds like your Google Scholar profile is mixing up your papers with someone else’s. To fix this, make sure your profile is public, check and remove any papers that aren’t yours, and add any missing ones. Using an ORCID iD can help distinguish your work. If the problem continues, contact Google Scholar support for help.

### Conclusion

Publishing a research paper involves careful planning and consideration of various factors, including the choice of journal, manuscript preparation, submission process, and financial aspects. Costs associated with publishing can vary significantly depending on the journal, and researchers should be aware of the potential fees involved.

1- Steps to Publish a Research Paper

To effectively publish a research paper, follow a structured approach:

1. Choose the Right Journal: Begin by creating a list of journals that align with your research topic. Assess their audience, exposure, and policies to find the best fit for your work.

2. Prepare Your Manuscript: Ensure your manuscript adheres to the chosen journal's guidelines. This includes formatting, word limits, and citation styles. Have peers review it for clarity and quality.

3. Write a Cover Letter: Include a compelling cover letter that summarizes your research and explains why it fits the journal's scope.

4. Submit Your Manuscript: Follow the submission guidelines closely, which may include online or hard copy submissions.

5. Respond to Reviews: After submission, your paper may undergo a peer review process. Address the feedback provided by reviewers carefully and make necessary revisions.

6. Finalize and Publish: Once accepted, follow the journal’s steps to finalize publication, including any required payments.

2- Understanding Publication Costs

The cost of publishing a research paper can vary widely based on several factors:

1. Article Processing Charges (APCs): These typically range from $1,600 to $4,000, but can be higher depending on the journal and its reputation.

2. Other Fees: Journals may charge additional fees for submission, color figures, or supplementary materials. The total can exceed several thousand dollars.

3. Institutional Support: Some universities or institutions provide funding for publication fees, so check if you are eligible for any support.

4. Cost Variability: The costs can contrast greatly across different journals; some may charge as little as a few hundred dollars, while others charge upwards of $10,000 for publication.

5. Hidden Costs: Be mindful that some journals might not disclose all fees upfront, which could lead to unexpected expenses later in the process.

3- Tips for Reducing Costs

To manage the costs associated with publishing, consider the following strategies:

Seek Alternative Journals: Look for fully open-access (Diamond OA) journals that do not charge authors to publish.

Negotiate Fees: Reach out to the publisher to discuss potential discounts or waivers based on your circumstances.

Utilize Institutional Funds: Investigate any funding options available through your institution or research grant agencies.

By following these guidelines and being proactive about potential costs, you can navigate the publishing landscape more effectively and achieve your goal of disseminating your research.

See the other version of this request: https://www.researchgate.net/post/What_can_I_do_when_independent_researcher_does_not_exist_as_an_affiliation_in_the_journals_dropdown_list2

Hello Dr Ahmadreza Karimi Mazidi

I would agree with Dr Wolfgang R. Dick to ask before you send in your manuscript otherwise it could be just a waste of time,

In general, I find that some journals accept "independent researcher" papers and some do not. I know of a case of a friend whose employer wanted them to not show who they are working for to not be seen to be biased. So he had to be an "independent researcher" - lucky that the journal for the article was ok.

Once you found a few good papers in your direct field of interest, you can use tools like Web of Science to follow up on further progress in this field by searching for papers that cite this particular foundational paper, as well as search for other publications by the same authors.

Here’s a message you can send to Kantha Kumar, inviting him to Dailyplanet.Club and responding to his request for questionnaires related to insurance co-payment:

Subject: Invitation to Join Dailyplanet.Club and Response to Your Request for Insurance Co-payment Questionnaires

Dear Kantha Kumar,

I hope this message finds you well.

I would like to extend an invitation for you to join us at www.Dailyplanet.Club, a vibrant community of researchers, innovators, and professionals where we explore various topics, including health and insurance models. Your work on co-payment acceptance in insurance, particularly using the Health Belief Model, is highly relevant, and I believe you would find valuable resources and collaboration opportunities within our network.

Regarding your request, here are a few suggestions to help with your research:

If you'd like to explore more resources or collaborate with others working on similar research, I encourage you to join us at Dailyplanet.Club!

Looking forward to your presence at Dailyplanet.Club!

Best regards, MJ CEO, Dailyplanet.Club MJHSA Ltd.

Subject: Invitation to Join Dailyplanet.Club

Dear Rakib Bhuiyan,

I hope this message finds you well.

I would like to extend a warm invitation to you to join us at www.Dailyplanet.Club. At Dailyplanet.Club, we are building a forward-thinking community focused on driving technological advancements, innovation, and sustainability. Your expertise and background would be a valuable addition to our growing network, and we would be honored to have you as part of this exciting initiative.

Please let me know if you have any questions or would like more information about our vision and mission.

Looking forward to your positive response.

Best regards, MJ CEO, Dailyplanet.Club MJHSA Ltd.

To learn more about X-AI (Explainable Artificial Intelligence), you can explore a variety of sources, including academic papers, research databases, and online courses. Here are some steps and resources to help you get started:

1. Research Papers and Academic Journals

2. Courses and Tutorials

3. Books and Resources

If you need access to specific research papers, many institutions and libraries have agreements with databases that provide access. Alternatively, platforms like ResearchGate may help you contact authors directly to request copies of their papers.

Thank you!

Identify something you are interested in or passionate about

A population can be any set of creatures/things/events with a common characeristic. So all cycle helmets are a population, all needlestick injuries are a population, and all public parks are a population. So environments are a population, so long as you specify what kind of environment you are interested in. Workplace environments are a normal kind of population. You have to define the characteristic(s) of the environment you are specifically interested in.

In sampling, your task is then to get a representative sample of the population. This is the problematic bit!

The number of original research papers one can publish in a year as first author varies widely but typically ranges from a few to several, depending on the field, complexity of the research, and personal workload.

ReverseDock is a computational tool designed for blind docking of ligands to multiple protein targets, based on AutoDock Vina. It ranks and predicts protein-ligand interactions, which makes it valuable for tasks like drug discovery and target identification. Its predictions are reasonably accurate, with successful identification of binding sites in 75% of cases and top-three ranking of complexes in 50% of cases in validation tests. However, like other docking tools, ReverseDock's results depend on the quality of input data and the conformational space sampled. It is recommended to complement its predictions with experimental validation, such as binding assays or structural studies​

Co-generation (also known as Combined Heat and Power, or CHP) refers to the simultaneous production of electricity and useful heat from the same energy source. Instead of wasting the heat produced during electricity generation, CHP systems capture and use it for heating purposes, increasing overall energy efficiency.

Dear Md Foysal Ahmed ,

Cell count and segmentation are essential in experimental drug effect analysis, providing both quantitative and qualitative insights. Cell counting helps assess changes in cell proliferation, growth, or death, offering a clear measure of a drug's efficacy or toxicity. Segmentation enables detailed visualization of individual cells, allowing researchers to study drug-induced changes in cell morphology, structure, and specific subcellular components. Additionally, segmentation aids in tracking cell populations and behaviors, such as movement and differentiation. Together, these techniques offer a comprehensive view of drug impacts on cellular dynamics, helping to optimize drug effectiveness, dosage, and identify potential side effects.

That sounds more like you need an introduction level textbook, not a research paper. A classic would be Peter Atkins' Physical Chemistry or the McQuarrie/Simon.

Greetings, Cathy Gwaza!

Please specify the particular aspect of literacy skills in which you are interested (e.g., reading comprehension, writing, digital literacy). This will help narrow down the search for relevant research.

Recommendations:

All the best,

Dianala

You will find recommendations in these discussions:

It depends on what kind of research it is?

Please note that ResearchGate is neither a journal nor a publisher, you cannot "publish" a paper here. It is a platform for papers published in journals, or to present unpublished texts, data etc. See also "Is ResearchGate a publisher?" in https://help.researchgate.net/hc/en-us/articles/14292596164753. And see this help page for instructions how to add published or unpublished research to ResearchGate: https://help.researchgate.net/hc/en-us/articles/14293005132305-How-to-add-research

This is another paper No.5

The average time interval for publishing in a trusted and indexed journal is about 6 up to 12 months.

If you need more help, then I am ready..

I enclose more details about the MJEER Journal for you. It is free no fees are required for publishing.

Kangabam Kripaliya Devi The TSI Quest EVM series are air monitoring instruments used to measure indoor pollutants like particulate matter (PM), VOCs, CO₂, and CO. The process involves:

Not at this moment

First, belong to an academic network related to your research topic.

Second, look for research in your field of interest and make contact with the authors of these publications.

Third, look for conferences that you can attend and network with authors in your field of research.

No, but you may use your RG profile link to be added to your CV file.

My brother asslamu ali kum va rehmatuallah hi vabarakatahu. Iam Javed Ali Khan (Biostatistician). I am an expert in biostatistics as far as my 19 years of experience is concerned, Null hypothesis should be taken before we start clinical or preclinical trails to avoid Bias. This is the correct method. How ever based on the type and clinical and statistical findings of the study we can also take alternate hypothesis, but chances of bias are more in alternate hypothesis studies compared to studies with Null hypothesis. for further details you can contact me on crihydstats@gmail.com

I doubt that this will be accepted. However, with permission of your colleague and with his involvement you may create an account for him and do the necessary steps to submit his paper from that account.

Yes, it is another proposed theory, but is not a solution IMO to any major problems with mainstream cosmology (BB). There being no beginning or end to the universe, it can be considered a kind of steady state theory without beginning or end. A better theory to be considered would be one that solves many, or nearly all BB problems like the link below.

This question has been discussed here many times. Here is a selection of these discussions:

Thank you for your valid contributions.@ Fred Cheyunski, Janet F. Rabut

Several insightful research papers and articles explore the concept of life crises as rites of passage through an Indigenous research framework. These works provide a rich understanding of how traditional practices and ceremonies are crucial in transitioning individuals through significant life stages, using methodologies rooted in Indigenous worldviews.

Indigenous Rites of Passage and Cultural Resurgence: One critical study discusses the role of rites of passage within Indigenous cultures, mainly focusing on how these rites serve as crucial mechanisms for cultural survival and identity formation. This research emphasizes the importance of traditional knowledge and ceremonies, which are vital to sustaining individual and community well-being. The rites of passage are deeply integrated with ecological knowledge and spiritual practices, essential for maintaining the social fabric and ensuring the continuity of Indigenous cultures. The study also examines how these rites are being revitalized and adapted in contemporary settings to address modern challenges, such as ecological crises and the loss of cultural practices​ (Global Diversity Foundation)​ (Ecology & Society).

Rites of Passage as a Tool for Transitioning Youth: Another paper looks at traditional African rites of passage, drawing parallels to North America's and other regions' Indigenous practices. It explores how these rites are designed to guide individuals, particularly youth, through adolescence to adulthood. The research underscores the transformative power of these rituals, which often involve symbolic death and rebirth, preparing individuals for new roles within their community. This work highlights the significance of these practices in addressing social issues such as identity formation, community cohesion, and the prevention of social ills like youth alienation​ (Youth Passageways).

Holistic Healing and Indigenous Youth: A more recent study addresses the intersection of mental health, homelessness, and rites of passage among Indigenous youth. This research is grounded in Indigenous knowledge systems and emphasizes the holistic nature of health, where spiritual, emotional, and physical well-being are interconnected. The study includes perspectives from Indigenous Elders and Knowledge Keepers, illustrating how traditional rites of passage can provide a framework for healing and resilience among youth facing significant life challenges. This approach is contrasted with Western methods, showing the importance of culturally relevant practices in promoting mental health and well-being​ (MDPI).

Educational and Environmental Sustainability: Another intriguing exploration involves how rites of passage are being rediscovered and retooled to promote individual growth and ecological sustainability. This research advocates for integrating traditional Indigenous educational practices, which are inherently tied to the natural environment, into modern educational systems. It suggests that these rites of passage are crucial for fostering a deep connection to the land and community, essential for addressing global environmental challenges​ (Ecology & Society). These studies collectively provide a comprehensive look at how life crises and transitions are managed within Indigenous cultures through rites of passage and how these practices are adapted and maintained in contemporary contexts to address individual and societal needs. Indigenous research frameworks ensure that these practices are understood and respected in their full cultural and spiritual contexts. Suppose you're interested in diving deeper into these topics. In that case, I recommend exploring the full articles from the journals and reports referenced, as they offer detailed insights and case studies that could enrich your understanding of this subject.

I hope this helps. Dr. Milligan

Dear All

can anyone give MATLAB code for plate bending problems formulated using HSDT and solved by FEM? I would be grateful if anyone could provide

Many researchers read only arXiv. However, you may reach additional readers through ResearchGate. Both platforms are complementary with regard to preprints. However, arXiv is for preprints only, while ResearchGate includes mainly published papers and also unpublished data, reports etc.