Representation - Science topic

Your concern about the burden graphical abstracts place on researchers, who are often not professional designers, is also justified:

The question of whether graphical abstracts are "essential" depends on the nature of the study:

Instead of making graphical abstracts mandatory, journals and reviewers could adopt a more flexible approach:

In conclusion, while graphical abstracts have undeniable benefits, they should not overshadow the core scientific contribution of a study. A balanced approach that considers the needs and constraints of researchers is essential to maintaining fairness in academic publishing.

This is not take the subject away from tetraquarks, but

The dimension of the Cartan subalgebra of SU(3) + SU(2) + U(1) is 4. There are 24 standard model particles.

The 6 quarks

The 6 leptons electron, muon, tau, electron neutrino, muon neutrino, and tau neutrino.

The 8 gluons

The W+, W-, Z and the photon.

Think the F4 Lie Algebra which has 48 roots on its weight lattice.

I am going on the assumption that tetraquarks exists and that the

X(3872), X(4140), X(5568), X(6900) should be fit into the proper framework. Have any tetraquarks been observed at SLAC?

Further analysis, such as immunoprecipitation or mass spectrometry, would clarify the nature of these bands, and it will clarify further whether homodimerization or ubiquitination

There are many reasons, one being safety. trying to leave is when many victims are killed so its a safety issue that has to be planned out well. Additionally many abusers have separated the victim from jobs, family, and finances so they will end up being homeless. Another reason is children and pets. In many states if the victims leave it can be construed as abandoning the house of children or kidnapping the children if they take them with them. Pets are used - abusers threaten to kill the pets if the person leaves and often shelters cannot accommodate pets. It's very complicated and laws do now always help the person leave safely.

Dear Daniele,

Aristotle like plato considered all arts as forms as mimesis or imitation/perfection of Nature. In your post you accept painting as mimetic, as making representations of what exist out there in Nature but deny this mimetic character for music. Music is done by other animals, birds, sea mammals, insects, etc. Sea mamals seems to use it in particar for the synchronisation of the swimming movements by member of a pod. Parrots naturally dance to rythmic music made by humans. We dance on music so music is intimatly related to how our motor system makes our body.move. My hypothesis is that the first earth moving creatures, maybe even their ancestors moving in the sea had for survival values develop the capacity to discriminate the sound made by body movement from all other less relevant for survival sounds and use this information for locating the approaching body movent. Then such primitive animals had to use their own motor system in order to discriminate and recognize the body movement generating such part of the sound. So music correspond to the aspect of sound normally generated by body movement and dancing on music or synchronising body movement on music become a natural side effect of the motor system analysis of sound, i.e. music. If music is this then music like all the visual arts become another form of mimesis, here mimesis of body movement and it is why dance is related to music and why music is so important for film viewing since it super-impose body movement information onto the visual information.

Regards,

- Louis

Andreea Iosageanu The particles i am using are microbeads .. which needs some liquid to maintain its shape , but they keep swimming in that liquid droplet.

@A.S. .Suman Sankar Sir

Homeopathic repertories and materia medica play distinct yet complementary roles in practice, each with unique strengths and limitations in terms of reliability and representation.

1. Reliability Comparison

Materia Medica: Provides detailed, qualitative accounts of symptoms verified through provings, clinical experience, and sometimes toxicological data, offering an in-depth understanding of each remedy. It is often seen as a more direct form of evidence.

Repertories: Function as indexes that categorize symptoms and list remedies associated with them, based on information from materia medica and clinical observations. Repertories simplify symptoms for easier reference, allowing for faster remedy selection, but may lack the depth or specificity of materia medica. Simplifying detailed symptoms into repertory rubrics can lead to interpretation errors or inconsistencies.

2. Representation of Materia Medica in Repertories

Repertories generally try to capture key symptoms of well-known remedies from materia medica, though the representation may be simplified or generalized. Not every symptom in materia medica finds a direct match in repertory rubrics.

Unique or specific aspects of remedies may be lost or inadequately represented due to the summarization required in repertories. Therefore, repertories are most useful for identifying general options rather than providing a complete, nuanced picture of symptoms.

3. Practical Use

Practitioners often start with repertories to identify potential remedies based on symptoms and then consult materia medica for in-depth confirmation and understanding.

Modern repertories have evolved to encompass a broader range of remedies, yet they must balance specificity with generalization, which impacts their reliability.

Massimiliano Arca

The difference in charges cause alpha and beta spin. But does it change the high value to HOMO and low value to LUMO. Wheather the energies given in software (gaussview) may be incorrectly recorded

• https://inquiryintoinquiry.com/2024/10/28/information-comprehension-x-extension-comment-7-a/

Let's stay with Peirce's example of inductive inference a little longer and try to clear up the more troublesome confusions tending to arise.

Figure 2 shows the implication ordering of logical terms in the form of a lattice diagram.

Figure 2. Disjunctive Term u, Taken as Subject

• https://inquiryintoinquiry.files.wordpress.com/2016/10/ice-figure-2.jpg

Figure 4 shows an inductive step of inquiry, as taken on the cue of an indicial sign.

Figure 4. Disjunctive Subject u, Induction of Rule v ⇒ w

• https://inquiryintoinquiry.files.wordpress.com/2016/10/ice-figure-4.jpg

One final point needs to be stressed. It is important to recognize the disjunctive term itself — the syntactic formula “neat, swine, sheep, deer” or any logically equivalent formula — is not an index but a symbol. It has the character of an artificial symbol which is constructed to fill a place in a formal system of symbols, for example, a propositional calculus. In that setting it would normally be interpreted as a logical disjunction of four elementary propositions, denoting anything in the universe of discourse which has any of the four corresponding properties.

The artificial symbol “neat, swine, sheep, deer” denotes objects which serve as indices of the genus herbivore by virtue of their belonging to one of the four named species of herbivore. But there is in addition a natural symbol which serves to unify the manifold of given species, namely, the concept of a cloven‑hoofed animal.

As a symbol or general representation, the concept of a cloven‑hoofed animal connotes an attribute and connotes it in such a way as to determine what it denotes. Thus we observe a natural expansion in the connotation of the symbol, amounting to what Peirce calls the “superfluous comprehension” or information added by an “ampliative” or synthetic inference.

In sum we have sufficient information to motivate an inductive inference, from the Fact u ⇒ w and the Case u ⇒ v to the Rule v ⇒ w.

Reference —

Peirce, C.S. (1866), “The Logic of Science, or, Induction and Hypothesis”, Lowell Lectures of 1866, pp. 357–504 in Writings of Charles S. Peirce : A Chronological Edition, Volume 1, 1857–1866, Peirce Edition Project, Indiana University Press, Bloomington, IN, 1982.

Hi Rajkumar. It seems like an interesting prime pattern formulation here, but just like Mr James said, the explanations doesn't seems to be clear enough the illustrations. Furthermore, have you enquired about the possible existence of such data in a prime database such as the OEIS?

Regards.

• https://inquiryintoinquiry.com/2024/10/10/information-comprehension-x-extension-selection-6-a/

Selection 1 opens with Peirce proposing, “The information of a term is the measure of its superfluous comprehension”, and it closes with his offering the following promise.

❝I am going, next, to show that inference is symbolization and that the puzzle of the validity of scientific inference lies merely in this superfluous comprehension and is therefore entirely removed by a consideration of the laws of information.❞

Summing up his account to this point, Peirce appears confident he's kept his promise. Promising on our own account to give it another pass, we'll let him have the last word — for now.

❝We have now seen how the mind is forced by the very nature of inference itself to make use of induction and hypothesis.

❝But the question arises how these conclusions come to receive their justification by the event. Why are most inductions and hypotheses true? I reply that they are not true. On the contrary, experience shows that of the most rigid and careful inductions and hypotheses only an infinitesimal proportion are never found to be in any respect false.

❝And yet it is a fact that all careful inductions are nearly true and all well-grounded hypotheses resemble the truth; why is that? If we put our hand in a bag of beans the sample we take out has perhaps not quite but about the same proportion of the different colours as the whole bag. Why is that?

❝The answer is that which I gave a week ago. Namely, that there is a certain vague tendency for the whole to be like any of its parts taken at random because it is composed of its parts. And, therefore, there must be some slight preponderance of true over false scientific inferences. Now the falsity in conclusions is eliminated and neutralized by opposing falsity while the slight tendency to the truth is always one way and is accumulated by experience. The same principle of balancing of errors holds alike in observation and in reasoning.❞

(Peirce 1866, pp. 470–471)

Reference —

Peirce, C.S. (1866), “The Logic of Science, or, Induction and Hypothesis”, Lowell Lectures of 1866, pp. 357–504 in Writings of Charles S. Peirce : A Chronological Edition, Volume 1, 1857–1866, Peirce Edition Project, Indiana University Press, Bloomington, IN, 1982.

Resources —

Inquiry Blog • Survey of Pragmatic Semiotic Information

• https://inquiryintoinquiry.com/2024/03/01/survey-of-pragmatic-semiotic-information-8/

OEIS Wiki • Information = Comprehension × Extension

• https://oeis.org/wiki/Information_%3D_Comprehension_%C3%97_Extension

C.S. Peirce • Upon Logical Comprehension and Extension

• https://peirce.sitehost.iu.edu/writings/v2/w2/w2_06/v2_06.htm

What if it is taken from two districts?

Usually, surface air temperature is at a height of 2 m above the surface, while air temperature would be at all the different model vertical levels.

Unfortunately, PyMol doesn't allow to build cyclic peptide in the cartoon representation. But you can build a covalent amide bond between N and C terminus of your peptide using the "bond" comment. The N-C terminal amide bond can only be showed in stick mode.

Here is the instruction:

1. You can create a new bond by selecting two atoms, each with the Command + middle-mouse-button. In your case, press the keyboard COMMAND + MIDDLE-MOUSE-BUTTON and select N-terminal amino and C-terminal carboxyl.

2. Typing "bond" on the command line. You will see a bond showing up.

3. Export molecule and save as a .pdb file.

Payel Chakraborty

For research-oriented programming and data analysis, especially when dealing with animal data, there are several excellent libraries and packages in Python and R beyond Matplotlib. Here are some:

The best tool or library depends on your specific needs and preferences. If you work with animal research data, you might find the interactive features of Plotly or Bokeh especially helpful for exploring and presenting your findings.

Hi Laurent,

That would depend on your research question (and sample type).

In general, inhibitors will have less impact on digital PCR (this needs to be assessed!), but RT will still be a factor causing variation. So, ideally, for gene expression, you will need to normalize based on (multiple) reference genes or spike-ins (or calculate recovery).

Yet, it is good practice to report cp/µL of all targets (in the supplementary data for example).

See also https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-017-02217-x and the dMIQE guidelines.

Representations of disability raise the question of whether visibility is always empowering or desirable for minorities if said visibility relies on toxic tropes and stereotypes. For instance, even empathetic representations may present disabled figures as "abject" individuals in need of care, as one who is (as the definition of abjection goes) "servile, wretched, or contemptible." As Alexa Alice Joubin argues in her Introduction to Critical Theory, https://criticaltheory.info/, "impairment is not necessarily an obstacle and does not in and by itself constitute disability. It only becomes a form of disability when the environment and its design fail to support a person’s needs. Disability is a socially induced hindrance to mobility or to access."

Girdhari Subedi Kuber Thakuri @

It means that it's differentiable according to series function, which is discrete relative to the index j.

these points are random distributed and do not fallow specific behavior (increasing or decreasing) you can take the mean value or average

Yes, I can confirm the benchmark values for effect size (ƒ2) in ANOVA.

Effect size (ƒ2) is a measure of the proportion of variance in the dependent variable that is explained by the independent variable(s).

Here are the benchmark values for effect size (ƒ2):

- Small effect: ƒ2 = 0.02

- Medium effect: ƒ2 = 0.15

- Large effect: ƒ2 = 0.35

These values were first proposed by Jacob Cohen in 1988 and are widely used as a reference for interpreting effect sizes.

Keep in mind that the interpretation of effect size depends on the context and research field. These benchmarks are general guidelines and may need to be adjusted based on the specific research question and area of study.

We are not clad fish but clad apes. Though the Deep Ones are known among the lost tribes, who are worshipping the elder gods. For further reference, read up on the works of Abdul Alhazred.

Dear Doctor

Go To

How Can Generative AI (GenAI) Enhance or Hinder Qualitative Studies? A Critical Appraisal from South Asia, Nepal

Niroj Dahal

The Qualitative Report, 29(3).

Year 2024

[Generative artificial intelligence (GenAI) is significantly reshaping the field of research, with qualitative research no exception. In recent trends, GenAI has been used in qualitative research for various purposes, such as automating data collection, coding, analysis, and generating insights. Using GenAI can result in fresh perspectives, a deeper comprehension of human behavior and experience, and cognitive and evaluative skills.

GenAI can boost researchers’ creativity and innovation and the quality and impact of their research findings. Next, GenAI or AI has the potential to automate various tasks in qualitative research, including data collection, coding, and analysis. This can allow researchers to dedicate their attention to the research process's more creative and strategic aspects.

Automating data collection is a valuable tool for gathering qualitative data from various sources, including social media platforms and other online forums. GenAI tools ChatGPT, Google Bard, and Bing Chat can assist researchers in efficiently and effortlessly collecting substantial amounts of data. GenAI or AI tools can help code and analyze qualitative studies and their associated data. These tools can assist researchers in identifying patterns and relationships in the data that would be challenging or impossible for humans to detect . Utilizing GenAI to generate insights is an additional aspect of qualitative data analysis. This can assist researchers in gaining new and innovative insights into human behavior and experience.]

Hey Mahyar,

to the best of my knowledge, the hexagon shape was first used by Grace (2006). The first journal article I am aware of that used the hexagon is Grace & Bollen (2008).

Best regards,

Florian

Reference

Grace, J. B. (2006). Structural Equation Modeling and Natural Systems. Cambridge University Press.

Grace, J. B., & Bollen, K. A. (2008). Representing general theoretical concepts in structural equation models: the role of composite variables. Environmental and Ecological Statistics, 15(2), 191–213. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10651-007-0047-7

Thomas Cuff sorry, there is one word missing here, and the full word should be "gray iron", which is one of metal used in diesel engines.

Muhammad Mudassar Muhammad, what you're asking does not have an "this-is-best" answer. Instead "speak to your audience" with methods of analysis, a technical and cultural language and graphic representation that they will understand -and- make then graphically present information you care about in same way. - You should tailor all the above to your research field. In other words the particular tools and representation technique doesn't matter You need to compare what you want to communicate from the variables. Is it best to show all three variables together or separately ??? Is it best to communicate monthly trends to your audience in one study or separately ?? Do monthly variable trends make the data clearer than yearly trends ?? Graphic representation of data is a form of visual communication. Do you know how to use this form of communication to make the ideas you care about clear to your audience ???

I ask these questions because your question reads like your trying to show-off your ability to handle complex data versus communicate with people. In my culture we have a baseball (sports) expression; "do simple better". I think that applies here. Work to make a simple and concise presentation of the trends. Using a language, tools and techniques you know.

thank you so much David Nkem for your very complete and easy to understand answer to my question !

Hi

I am also working on PWCOND and here is y published work.

1.

2.

I can tell u some of these.

pls send me the input file.

Muhammad Saleem

It will be mentioned on the collagenase IV specification sheet as xxUnits/mg. Using the concentration mentioned by the manufacturer, you can convert the 16mg into International units. The basic idea is that the activity of enzyme is not similar to the amount of enzyme added. The international unit represents the active enzyme per milligram of the potien.

These figures show PCA scores projected onto their corresponding pixels.

The following paper may help you

Since your analysis is entirely descriptive, you can set the cut-off points anywhere you like.

Dear Anjana,

First of all you need the corrected emission spectrum (power in W/nm or counts per second over wavelength in nm) of your sample from 380 to 780 nm typically in 1 or 5 nm steps. Then you can use the TI or other color calculators, while of them you can find under the following website:

All the best,

Thomas

I usually use vesta but there is also site called materials project, it's verry good to know the correct structure, look it (@)

sir, but I have a powder sample. Is the above equation is applicable in my case?

There is no consensus in science and research, regarding representational competence (RC) as a unified theoretical framework. RC is essential for the acquisition of conceptual understanding in physics. It enables the interpretation of diagrams, graphs, and mathematical equations, and relating these to one another as well as to observations and experimental outcomes;

success in solving physics problems is related to the representational format of the problem. In this sense, Alwielland Q. Bello RC can indeed be understood as the competence to mentally represent a physics problem or generally physics theories by simple cognitive models, mainly via visualization (simple model by combining simple human language, logic and math).

A theory

has, only the alternative

of being right or wrong.

A model has a third possibility: it

may be right, but irrelevant.

Manfred Eigen

All models are approximations. Essentially, all models are

wrong, but some are useful. However, the approximate nature of the model must always be borne in mind.

George Box

Thank you very much for your answer！But I still have a doubt，how should we call this indicator? Is there a term to describe it？like sum difference ratio(its a fake name) or something.

In intertidal habitats, algal turfs surely are advantageous as, while exposed during low tide, they help keep the moist and provide shade, thus protecting from desiccation and UV-stress. This is particularly helpful for younger fronds, germlings and sporelings, who still lack the chemical molecules that help overcome those stresses. They have the same beneficial effect for benthic infauna. And they shelter the infauna from bird foraging by making harder for birds to scout inside the denser turfs. Likewise, underwater, denser turfs make harder for herbivores to scout and forage on the juveniles and germlings. Check some of my literature and references their in. Best Wishes

If you takes a screenshot of the SnapGene view, as described by Ibrahim H M Abualghusein above, you will have a graphic image, rather than file where you can edit the text GTACCTTA in the figure. You might want to consider using a graphic image editor (PowerPoint, Adobe Illustrator, biorender.com, etc) where you can change the fonts and so on to add to the figure more easily. For example you could make the codon of interest bold and red font so it stands out. Also, the screen shot will be at some fixed resolution and size, whereas in a graphics editor you will have more choices of export formats (JPG, TIFF, PNG, PDF etc) and resolution so the image can be made larger or smaller to fit in the journal without the details getting fuzzy during enlargement or reduction in size or resolution.

Raghad S. Mohammed ,

Here's attached, a small amount of information for the discussion, attached as PDF. Thanks for your time. Hope this helps

Thanks again, your replies are as thought-provoking and enlightening!

As someone with a scientific background who happens to work in software development (quality assurance), I can't but subscribe your words that “Developers, too, need to be mindful of the broader implications of their creations.” And I would add that not only them, but everyone else involved in developing these LLMs.

Good Work. Congratulations and best regards

Edmond: Very insightful response. I'm recommending it to other researchers in the field of literary studies. Thanks, and have a great 2024.

Depending on the context, ie what you actually measured and what you are actually testing, a repeated measures ANOVA might be an option, where x and y are your independent variables.

Hi Miriam,

When I presented my thesis, there was a really bright student doing research with queer asylum seekers in Sweden. He analyzed the ways some of these asylum seekers engaged with dating apps. Here's his thesis.

This is actually the only work I know. Other than that, I would recommend you to try to read Daniel Miller's works on social media, and see if you can get anything out of them to build an analysis of dating apps.

Just another thing. I have the impression that a lot of these dating apps are actually based on psychological research on first impressions, and people's biases. Maybe you could also start with an analysis of what psychologists say about these topics, try to find some blindspots there. Anthropologists sometimes work under different assumptions.

I don't know if it helps.

Cheers, José

There are several reasons why there may be a discrepancy between the expected and observed frequencies in the time-frequency representation. These include:

In general, the discrepancy between the expected and observed frequencies in the time-frequency representation is an indication that there is some underlying structure or process that is not captured by the model. This can be a valuable clue for understanding the signal.

Here are some specific examples of discrepancies between expected and observed frequencies in the time-frequency representation:

The discrepancy between expected and observed frequencies can be quantified using a variety of measures, such as the mean square error (MSE) or the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). These measures can be used to evaluate the performance of the time-frequency representation model.

Sorry, I don't have any idea.

You are indeed addressing an issue that is not formally codified in empirical qualitative social research.

David L. Morgan rightly points out the important argument: If 'n' (number of subjects in the survay) is very small, an indication of the number or percentage suggests an empirical and/or statistical representation that is not considered scientifically valid compared to the corresponding population. Do not be so impressed by the positions of your reviewers - they seem to disagree on this point as well. From this point of view, deal with the issue offensively: Explain how you proceed and why. And then you can use terms like 'one', 'half' or 'almost all'.

When discussing numbers and percentages, we should not ignore the essential underlying meaning of qualitative methods. Especially in the course of explorative research, qualitative methods are used to identify possible casual references in the first place and to initiate a process of theory building. In this way, theoretical approaches and empirical findings can later be coordinated and aggregated at a higher level. Only on such a basis does it make sense to use quantitative methods and to report formal numbers and percentages.

لا

According to the Treccani Dictionary (the most authoritative Italian dictionary) rappresentazione is "Il processo mediante il quale un contenuto di percezioni, immaginazioni, giudizi e concetti, si presenta alla coscienza, e quanto viene così rappresentato". Accordingly, 'representation' may apply both to the past and to the future and the re- prefix is no longer bound to its original Lat. meaning "back" --though even in Latin re- did not mean just "back". You may have a mental representation ( immaginazione, Vorstellung) of what will be the situation in Israel next month.

On the other hand, rappresentazione can have a more concrete, physical meaning, exactly as Vorstellung: La rappresentazione alla Scala dello Zauberfluete di Mozart. I do not know whether Engl. representation can have this meaning: I do not think so. As for French, représentation may refer, among many other meanings, to 'Action de donner un spectacle devant un public, en particulier au théâtre' and also to 'Perception, image mentale, etc., dont le contenu se rapporte à un objet, à une situation, à une scène, etc., du monde dans lequel vit le sujet'.

V is the volumen of your sample

I am a gerontologoist and aging expert. Memory LOSS is not normal at any age. The question is flawed because the premise is flawed. Cognitive slowing is normal with advancing age but that is not the same as memory loss. Think of the brain as a computer. An older computer chugs along because it has a slower operating speed. The memory in the computer is not lost, it is slowed. Besides, the older brain has more files than a younger one, right?

Hello. Unfortunately, my scientific interest is connected with another field of research. I can't help you. Have a nice day.

If you are looking at the relationship between the data points in two variables, then there are no points in the empty set, it is irrelevant.

Before cluster analysis, reducing variables is crucial. Correlation Analysis can eliminate redundant variables, while Principal Component Analysis (PCA) captures significant data variance in fewer components. Using Domain Knowledge or determining Feature Importance with Tree-based Models can also guide variable selection. Post-reduction validation ensures meaningful clustering remains.

Thank you Wanjing Lai. I think the number of arm entry is also low.

Mayank Verma The term "(AVG: 75%)" in a contour plot in the ABAQUS visualization module represents the average value of the output parameter over a particular element or region of interest, where the relative difference between contributions at a node is less than or equal to 75%. This means that if the difference between the values of the output parameter at two neighboring nodes is less than or equal to 75%, then the values will be averaged and displayed as a single value. If the difference is greater than 75%, then the values will not be averaged and will be displayed as separate values. For example, if you are plotting the stress in a structure, and the averaging threshold is set to 75%, then the contour plot will show the average stress at each node, where the average is taken over all of the elements that contribute to the stress at that node. If the difference between the stresses at two neighboring nodes is greater than 75%, then the contour plot will show the stresses at each node individually.

The averaging threshold can be set in the ABAQUS/CAE software. The default value is 75%, but it can be changed to any value between 0% and 100%. A value of 0% will suppress all averaging, while a value of 100% will average all results. The averaging threshold can be useful for smoothing out noisy data or for highlighting areas where there are large changes in the output parameter. However, it is important to note that averaging can also obscure important details in the data. Therefore, it is important to choose the averaging threshold carefully for each particular application. For more, let's connect on WhatsApp to discuss further; https://wa.me/+923440907874

Business for community development

Thank you

I believe it's more about how you use the tool rather than which tool. But Matplotlib can do quite well for many common requests. They have a library of examples where you can learn how to create more complex plots: https://matplotlib.org/stable/gallery/index.

There's seaborn (developed based on Matplotlib) as well, if you want something to be done real quick, try that. I'd suggest you start with Matplotlib first, understand their principles, and then move on to seaborn, where customization requires you to add more Matplotlib parameters. See the gallery here: https://seaborn.pydata.org/examples/index.html.

There's also plotly (https://plotly.com/examples/), suitable for developing interactive apps. It looks really potential, but is an independent platform from Matplotlib, so will take you a while to learn.

Christian Lorenz

Aha,

p366, the Selene team shows their working!

"The solar irradiance is a solar spectrum resampled from MODTRAN4"

It seems that people are quite happy to use the raw solar spectrum as modelled by some tool (here, MODTRAN4). That ought to convince a revierwer.

In reallity this image is a Pauli representation from this web:

Dear Jean-Paul,

Qamar Ul Islam Thank you for your prompt and helpful response. I appreciate your insights and suggestions on how to resolve the discrepancy. I will follow your advice and check my code, numerical method, and solver parameters. I hope to get a better result with your guidance. Thank you again for your time and expertise.

Thanks a lot. I shall try this solution.