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SEMANTIC GAPS AND SOURCES OF NEW WORDS
Whenever there is a paradigm shift because of changing technology, religion, politics, culture, etc., new concepts are brought into the language. And when there are no words to talk about these new concepts, then new words must enter the language.
This PowerPoint gives examples of semantic gaps and the linguistic processes that are used to fill these semantic gaps: Borrowing, Loan Translation, Shift in Denotation or Connotation, Metaphorical Shift, Suffixation, Prefixation, Compounding, Clipping, Blending, Back Formation, Acronyming, Metathesis, Onomatopoeia, Reduplication, and Part of Speech Change. We also discuss “Sniglets.”
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Patrizia: Excellent. Check out Slide # 5 in this revised PowerPoint." Thanks for your help.
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Whenever there is a paradigm shift because of changing technology, religion, politics, culture, etc., new concepts are brought into the language. And when there are no words to talk about these new concepts, then new words must enter the language. This PowerPoint gives examples of semantic gaps and the linguistic processes that are used to fill these semantic gaps: Borrowing, Loan Translation, Shift in Denotation or Connotation, Metaphorical Shift, Suffixation, Prefixation, Compounding, Clipping, Blending, Back Formation, Acronyming, Metathesis, Onomatopoeia, Reduplication, and Part of Speech Change. We also discuss “Sniglets.” Whenever we have a paradigm shift based on changing technology, religion, politics, or culture, how do we bring new words into the language to talk about the changes?
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You've already got quite a list of hows in the subtext to your question. I guess whim and serendipity might be added. Possible examples: the mathematical term "google", the original word for quark, namely "quork" (it was changed because "quark" appears in Finnegan's Wake), and perhaps the names of some of the types of quarks.
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Without giving a country as a concrete example, various research arguments are being transformed into a "threat" to the security or stability of that country. Researchers and professors who work on issues such as religion or politics can become enemies of the state?
Does research without the freedom to express what one believes, researches and discovers make sense?
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You should organize your research in this case across the network and connect with interested people within these countries
The search path is secure
Greetings my friend
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I look for material in which the sexist ideology is related to religiosity and political orientation. I understand that atheist and left-wing people tend to maintain a more egalitarian ideology. I would appreciate your help. Thank you.
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Your question seems to predetermine the answer. You need t consider the question in neutral terms then arrive at an answer based on the evidence. most likely you'll find a correlation but it it best to remain objective until you do. You might look at
Forman-Rabinovici, Aliza & Udi Sommer “An Impediment to Gender Equality?: Religion’s Influence on Development and Reproductive Policy” World Development, 105, 2018, 48-58.
Htun, Mala & A. Laurel Weldon “Religious Power, the State, Women’s Rights, and Family Law” Politics & Gender, 11 (3), 2015 451-477.
Sweeney, Shawna A. “The Sacred and the Secular: Separation of Church (Mosque) and State & Implications for Women’s Rights” International Journal of Gender and Women’s Studies, 2 (1), 2014, 1-35.
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I'm currently working on a research paper on the connections between political islam and islamic radicalization. how should I define those concepts and relate them to each other ? what would be a good case study to illustrate that research?
thank you very much
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No problem. All the Best.
Mustafa
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While there are obvious differences, There seems to be similarities between fundamentalist Christians and fundamentalist Muslims. Both see their scriptures (Bible, Quran) as without error and both interpret them literally, even the parts encouraging violence against outside groups. Fundamentalist devotees also seem vulnerable to political exploitation.
On the other hand, moderate, contempletive and progressive groups in both religions teach and encourage peace, non-violence, compassion and inclusion. Progressives groups find increasing common ground with agnostics and atheists. They also seem more independent.
Religion helps many people, but more and more people seem to be finding similar help outside traditional religion. Is humanity slowly evolving beyond traditional approaches to religion, and is that a good thing, overall? 
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I would suggest that the evidence is just the opposite. Empirical evidence from a variety of sources indicates that children very early on are equipped for religious cognition. The research is summarized by the cognitive science of religion (CSR) researcher Justin Barrett in his 2012 book Born Believers. Barrett contends that that the are a number of naturally occurring processes that provide a foundation for religious thought, including teleological reasoning and intelligent design attribution, both concepts empirically verified by researcher Deborah Kelemen and colleagues. Of the three hypotheses Barrett identifies as explaining how children learn about God, both the indoctrination and anthropomorphism hypotheses lack empirical support. The preparedness hypothesis, or the hypothesis that children possess cognitive faculties that equip them to believe in the superhuman agency of God, has the most empirical support. I cannot do justice to Barrett's excellent treatment and commend his work to you.
So, in short, no. Humans continue to demonstrate an innate capacity for belief in God, something both Thomas Aquinas and John Calvin called the sensus divinitatus and current CSR researchers term the hypersensitive agency detection device (HADD). Such beliefs continue to maintain traditional religious traditions, organizations, practices, and beliefs. 
How humans operationalize the sensus divinitatus is another question altogether. You wonder about the persistence of fundamentalism, and I would argue that it is not a function of belief in God but rather a function of belief itself. You will find fundamentalists among atheists, Hindus, feminists, communists, vegans, etc.Strong convictions and unadulterated devotion to an in-group and exclusion and vilification of the out-group is not exclusive to religion. I'm sure you've seen this demonstrated when two rival high school football teams meet. 
One important distinction is whether the reader wishes to explain or explain away belief in God. Barrett wrote, "A scientific explanation of how human cognitive systems form beliefs in gods only ‘explains away’ gods if you already believe they don’t exist. For believers, such explanations just specify the means by which actual gods are perceived and understood (or misunderstood) (2011, p. 150).
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I'm looking for election data for Israel since the 1980s that disaggregates party votes by region. I want to use this for a subnational analysis of voter trends, with a focus on the evolution of Arab Israeli parties. Thanks.
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Thought for sure someone might have answered this by now.  Perhaps it is because nobody has found exactly what you are looking for, but fortunately, I was able to contact another research librarian.  This is what she provided me:
A publication from the Israeli Central Bureau of Statistics called "The Statistical Abstract," which is published annually. It goes back to 1996.  The link to it is here: http://www.cbs.gov.il/reader/ shnatonenew_site.htm
The librarian I contacted even offered helpful tips on how to get to the information.  It may be helpful to read the following as you explore the site: 
"To get to the election information, in the “choose subject” drop-down, I chose “10. Government and Local Authorities”, then “continue”. Then a series of tables will be displayed. I was looking at “election results for the 19th Knesset, by type of locality."
I attached a file of a screen shot of the categories of information you will find at this site.  You will notice that you are able to download an Excel spreadsheet of the data found here.  If you really need election data that goes back to 1980, I would first start by contacting the Israeli Central Bureau of Statistics.  You can e-mail the bureau at info@cbs.gov.il.
Hope that helps!
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Please guide me how to figure out the role of religion and ethnicity in influencing the type and amount of social capital
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Dear colleague
Peace be upon you
It is a reality that religious thought (and specially Islam)  have much more education for relation and kindness within his believers and between all human beings. For evaluation of my comment, I propose to you for reading the Holy Quran directly and without presumptions.   
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I would like to get bibliographic suggestions on "dignity" in religion, politics, ethics, everyday life. Thanks.
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I recommend "On the Problem of Human Dignity" by Dr Mette Lebech.  It is a philosophical work, but it traces the history of the concept of dignity in Western thought from the Greeks to the present.  The work has been influential in bioethics, ICT ethics and medical ethics.
You will also get value from 'Four Competing Conceptions of Human Dignity in Europe'. Lebech, M. (2009) In: Gerl-Falkovitz, Gottloeber, Kaufmann and Sepp (eds.) Europaeische Menschenbilder, Thelem: Dresden.