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Regularization - Science method

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But, by and large, coitus in marriage occurs with a regularity which is not equalled by any other type of sexual activity in the female, although it may be matched by the masturbatory, coital, and sometimes homosexual activity of the male. This suggests that it is the male rather than the female partner who is chiefly responsible for the regularity of marital coitus. (Alfred Kinsey)
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Thanks Francisco for commenting! It is true that women avoid discussing sexual topics and that men feel obliged to answer on their behalf. If you know any women who might be willing to comment, please ask them to do so. Over many years of approaching the public on the topic, most women refuse to be explicit. They consider it either an embarrassing subject or they have zero interest. Men on the other hand ... are much more positive! This is why I have concluded that sex is primarily a male pleasure. Women offer it to facilitate emotional bonding and long-term relationships. They view female orgasm as associated with porn and male fantasies. They do not understand how sexual response works, which is hardly surprising since it is a characteristic of male reproductive function. Female orgasm is rare. My experience is that it only occurs when masturbating alone. This conclusion is hugely unpopular with men who want female orgasm to occur from intercourse. Hence Freud's political - not scientific - belief that women should orgasm from intercourse. This belief is supported to the present day for obvious reasons. Men of every generation want regular intercourse from women. Yet Kinsey noted that orgasm claims make no difference to intercourse frequencies. The idea that women should orgasm from intercourse seems to be an emotional and political belief rather than a scientific or logical one. Hence my eternal battle for some common sense.
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We are setting up PingFederate in GCP env using devops. The vanilla Ping authentication works without issues.
However, helm charts of Pingfederate does not have annotations / variables to configure x509 on same end-point as regular authentication.
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The annotation I provided earlier might not directly apply to GCP's global load balancer for your scenario. GCP's load balancer, especially the HTTP(S) load balancer, typically routes traffic based on URL paths, hostnames, and sometimes query parameters, but it doesn’t natively allow different ports on the same endpoint (e.g., sso.company.com:443 and sso.company.com:4444) to route to different backend services.
Why the GCP Load Balancer might not support two different ports for the same endpoint:
  1. Global Load Balancer Architecture: GCP's HTTP(S) load balancer works on a global scale and doesn’t allow multiple services on the same host with different ports. The global load balancer works by sending traffic to backend services based on hostnames, paths, and other routing rules, but it doesn't provide native support for differentiating based on ports like 443 and 4444 under the same domain (sso.company.com).
  2. Port-based Routing Limitation: In GCP's HTTP(S) load balancer, there isn't direct support for routing traffic based on ports, like some other load balancers might support (for example, Nginx). So, you cannot just have two separate listeners on ports 443 and 4444 under the same URL.
  3. HTTPS Port Limitation: For SSL-based traffic (i.e., port 443), it would typically require a separate handling of SSL certificates, but for port 4444, you'd likely need to set up an entirely different listener to handle that traffic.
Possible Workarounds:
  1. Multiple Load Balancers: You could set up two separate HTTP(S) load balancers—one listening on port 443 and the other on port 4444—each routing to different backend services for regular authentication and X.509 authentication. This would allow you to use sso.company.com for both ports but would involve managing two separate load balancers.
  2. Port-based Handling on Backend: Another option would be to have both authentication services (for regular and X.509) on the same backend service but differentiate the traffic by using different paths instead of ports (for example, sso.company.com/auth for regular authentication and sso.company.com/x509 for X.509). This would require modifying the URL structure rather than relying on ports.
  3. Using HTTP(S) with Path Routing: If using a different path for each type of authentication is an option, you can stick with a single load balancer and define path-based routing rules, directing traffic to different backends based on the URL path (/auth vs. /x509).
Bottom Line:
If you want to use two ports (443 and 4444) for the same endpoint on GCP's load balancer, you'd face a challenge since the GCP HTTP(S) load balancer does not support port-based routing natively. Instead, you would need either multiple load balancers or a workaround like path-based routing.
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Cyber security incident response refers to the process of responding to and managing a cyber security incident, such as a data breach, malware outbreak, or denial-of-service (DoS) attack. The goal of incident response is to quickly and effectively contain and mitigate the incident, minimize damage, and restore normal operations.
*Incident Response Phases:*
1. *Preparation*: Develop an incident response plan, establish an incident response team, and conduct regular training and exercises.
2. *Detection*: Identify and detect potential security incidents through monitoring, logging, and alerting.
3. *Containment*: Take immediate action to contain the incident and prevent further damage.
4. *Eradication*: Remove the root cause of the incident and restore systems to a known good state.
5. *Recovery*: Restore normal operations and ensure that systems are functioning as expected.
6. *Post-Incident Activities*: Conduct a post-incident review, identify lessons learned, and implement changes to prevent similar incidents in the future.
*Key Incident Response Activities:*
1. *Incident Classification*: Determine the type and severity of the incident.
2. *Incident Reporting*: Notify relevant stakeholders, including management, customers, and regulatory bodies.
3. *Forensic Analysis*: Collect and analyze evidence to determine the root cause of the incident.
4. *Communication*: Coordinate with stakeholders, including law enforcement, vendors, and customers.
5. *Incident Documentation*: Maintain detailed records of the incident, including timelines, actions taken, and lessons learned.
*Incident Response Team Roles:*
1. *Incident Response Manager*: Oversees the incident response process and coordinates the response effort.
2. *Security Analyst*: Conducts forensic analysis and provides technical expertise.
3. *Communications Specialist*: Handles communication with stakeholders and the media.
4. *Technical Specialist*: Provides technical support and assistance with containment and eradication efforts.
*Best Practices:*
1. *Develop a Comprehensive Incident Response Plan*: Establish a plan that outlines roles, responsibilities, and procedures.
2. *Conduct Regular Training and Exercises*: Ensure that the incident response team is prepared and trained to respond to incidents.
3. *Implement Incident Response Tools and Technologies*: Utilize tools and technologies, such as incident response platforms and threat intelligence feeds, to support incident response efforts.
4. *Continuously Monitor and Improve*: Regularly review and update the incident response plan and procedures to ensure they remain effective and relevant.
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Thank you for this detailed breakdown of cybersecurity incident response, Friday. It’s fascinating how each phase contributes to minimizing damage and ensuring recovery.
One aspect that stands out is the increasing role of Explainable AI (XAI) in enhancing these processes, particularly during the detection and forensic analysis phases. XAI helps security teams understand why specific activities are flagged as potential threats, providing greater transparency and trust in automated systems.
I came across this research that delves into how XAI can improve endpoint security by making threat detection more interpretable and effective:
It’s exciting to see how AI innovations continue to complement traditional incident response strategies. What are your thoughts on the potential risks of over-relying on AI for detection?
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Hi, I am using a regularized XGBoost model. I have included industry and location dummies. The ML model, via regularization, is excluding a few city dummies and a few industry dummies, declaring them statistically insignificant contributors in the prediction.
Is there any literature that we cannot remove a few such dummies just based on the mathematics behind the regularization? We should have strong logic, says one of my labmates.
My personal opinion is that it should be just fine because we need significant predictors for feature selection purposes. Therefore, it should not have any side effects as we have in econometric modeling.
Any constructive suggestions are welcome from domain experts.
Regards,
Sahil
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When regularization in ML models, like XGBoost, removes some industry or location dummies, it identifies them as statistically insignificant. This is generally acceptable because regularization aims to improve model generalizability by retaining only significant predictors. While some argue for strong logic beyond mathematics, the primary goal is to enhance prediction accuracy and reduce overfitting. Therefore, excluding insignificant dummies should not have adverse effects, unlike in econometric modeling, where theoretical considerations might be more critical.
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I am interested in studying the historical transformation of small buildings (less than 30 meters). However, I have encountered limitations with Google Earth, as it does not provide satellite images for the specific region at regular intervals of time, and the available images do not date back earlier than 2010. Despite this, I aim to analyze the changes in the targeted small buildings at regular intervals from the year 2000 onward, specifically for the years 2000, 2005, 2010, 2015, and 2020.
Thank you in advance for your assistance.
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The Earth is a very big place, and there are hundreds of orbital sensors, platforms, etc. along with hundreds of various agency and commercial data portals so knowing the spatial extents of your area of interest and some idea of the sort of useful granular resolution would be useful.
( photos are Norilsk, USSR, circa 1960-1980 , estimated 30 centimeter resolution )
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I want to generate a surface elevation vs time plot in CFD post. I am using first order airy wave theory to generate regular waves. But I am not able to generate the plot of regular waves, all waves are having different amplitudes. There is not barrier or structure just wave tank only I am using user defined expression for surface elevation lengthInt(water.volume.fraction)@line1
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It seems you're encountering issues with generating a consistent surface elevation plot in CFD-Post, possibly due to errors in the wave generation setup or data extraction. Here's a step-by-step approach to ensure the proper generation of a surface elevation vs. time plot for regular waves:
1. Check the Wave Generation in Your CFD Model
Ensure that:
  • The wave generation is consistent with Airy wave theory.
  • The wave boundary condition (inlet) is implemented correctly and generates regular waves with the specified amplitude and wavelength.
  • There are no numerical artifacts in the simulation, such as reflections from the boundaries (even in a tank without structures, ensure the outlet boundary condition can absorb waves properly).
2. Verify the User-Defined Expression
You're using the expression:
plaintextCopy codelengthInt(water.volume.fraction)@line1
This computes the integral of the water volume fraction along a specified line. However:
  • The result represents the length of the line submerged in water, which may not directly correspond to surface elevation if the line does not exactly capture the free surface behavior.
To properly calculate surface elevation:
  • Use a line probe or point probe at a specific location along the tank.
  • The probe should cut through the free surface.
  • Create a user-defined expression that extracts the Y-coordinate where the water volume fraction is approximately 0.5 (indicating the free surface): plaintextCopy codesurfaceElevation = yCoordinate(water.volume.fraction=0.5)
3. Setting up the Plot in CFD-Post
  1. Define the Probe:Create a line or point probe in the wave tank along the desired location (e.g., a vertical line at a specific X-coordinate). Ensure it is positioned to capture the free surface.
  2. Use Time History Data:Enable time-dependent data collection for the probe. Record the vertical position of the free surface over time.
  3. Create a Surface Elevation Plot:In CFD-Post, create a chart. Set the X-axis to time and the Y-axis to surface elevation (based on the probe data).
4. Debugging Inconsistent Amplitudes
If the waves show varying amplitudes:
  • Numerical Diffusion: Check if your mesh resolution and time step are adequate to resolve the wave physics.
  • Boundary Conditions: Ensure that the inlet and outlet boundary conditions do not introduce spurious reflections or dissipate energy.
  • Wave Absorption: If using a damping zone or numerical beach, verify its setup to prevent wave energy reflection.
5. Validate Against Analytical Solution
For first-order Airy wave theory, the surface elevation is given by: η(x,t)=acos⁡(kx−ωt)
Where:
  • a: Wave amplitude
  • k: Wave number (2π/λ)
  • ω: Angular frequency (2π/T)
Generate the analytical solution for the same location and compare it with the CFD results to validate your setup.
Example User Expression for Surface Elevation:
In CFD-Post, you can define a user expression like:
plaintextCopy codesurfaceElevation = Y(water.volume.fraction=0.5)@line1
Ensure that the line is positioned to capture the free surface. Then plot this expression against time.
If these steps do not resolve the issue, feel free to share more details about your setup (e.g., boundary conditions, mesh size, or time step), and we can troubleshoot further.
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Creating a comprehensive mental health policy for academicians is essential to ensure the well-being and productivity of those in the academic community. Academic life can be highly demanding and stressful, leading to burnout, anxiety, and other mental health issues.
Here are some key components that should be considered when developing a mental health policy for academicians:
  1. Awareness and Education: Implement programs to raise awareness about mental health issues and reduce the stigma surrounding seeking help. Workshops and training sessions can be organized to educate academicians about stress management, coping mechanisms, and the signs of mental health problems.
  2. Access to Mental Health Services: Ensure that mental health services are easily accessible to all academicians. This can include on-campus counseling centers, confidential hotlines, or partnerships with local mental health providers. Teletherapy options can also be explored to facilitate access to mental health support.
  3. Confidentiality and Privacy: Emphasize the importance of confidentiality and privacy when seeking mental health assistance. Academicians should feel safe and secure when reaching out for help without fear of any negative repercussions.
  4. Work-Life Balance: Encourage a healthy work-life balance by promoting flexible working hours, remote work options, and the availability of paid time off. Overworking and constant pressure can contribute to mental health issues, so it's crucial to create an environment that supports a balance between work and personal life.
  5. Stress Management and Resilience: Integrate stress management and resilience-building programs into the academic curriculum or professional development initiatives. These can include mindfulness training, relaxation techniques, and workshops on maintaining mental well-being during challenging times.
  6. Supportive Academic Environment: Foster a supportive and understanding academic culture. Encourage open communication and support networks among colleagues and supervisors. Promote a culture of empathy and empathy within the institution.
  7. Mental Health Assessment and Monitoring: Implement regular mental health assessments to identify individuals at risk and provide early intervention. Utilize surveys or other screening tools to gauge the mental well-being of academicians.
  8. Mental Health Days: Recognize the importance of mental health by providing mental health days as part of the sick leave policy. This allows academicians to take time off when they are struggling emotionally or mentally without feeling guilty.
  9. Collaboration with External Resources: Collaborate with mental health organizations, non-profits, and government agencies to develop a comprehensive mental health support system. Leverage external resources to enhance the institution's mental health offerings.
  10. Research and Data Collection: Encourage research on mental health issues in academia to better understand the challenges faced by academicians and the effectiveness of implemented policies. Use data to continually improve and adapt the mental health policy as needed.
  11. Crisis Management Plan: Develop a crisis management plan to address critical incidents that may impact the mental health of the academic community. This plan should outline the steps to be taken in response to emergencies and how to provide immediate support.
  12. Leadership Support: Obtain buy-in and active support from the institution's leadership. Leaders can set the tone for prioritizing mental health by actively promoting the policy and leading by example.
Implementing a mental health policy for academicians requires collaboration among various stakeholders, including administrators, faculty, staff, and students. Regular reviews and updates are essential to ensure the policy remains effective and relevant to the evolving needs of the academic community.
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The role of personality in work-life balance
"Work-life balance is important in any realm of employment, but within higher education it could be regarded as a critical issue. A growing body of research has documented an imbalance on the side of work due to some, or all, of the following: unsustainable workloads, unhealthy working practices, unclear job roles and increased responsibilities for academics...
If one considers these changed working practices alongside recent staff downsizing within universities, academic precarity (insecurity and uncertainty due to short-term contracts) and a growing reliance on performance metrics within higher education, a perfect storm has been brewing to blow away any aspirations an academic might have for a healthy work-life balance...
Now more than ever within higher education we need to understand how we work, how our colleagues work and what will continue to work for us all. Only then can we construct a model of healthy work-life balance for employees in the contemporary workplace."
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I looked at posts from 2014 through 2022 on this topic and it is all obsolete. Bacharach's fyrite analyzers have been discontinued, I don't have time or equipment for measuring minute pH changes in the incubator water, and the links are all dead. (i.e. Please do not link back to old posts.) I see many modern CO2 analyzers, but they do not look compatible with an incubator sample port. Does anyone have a 2024 updated method for measuring CO2 in an older mammalian cell culture incubator that requires regular calibration?
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Hello. I found the fyrite resale options, but it appears to be a short-term solution as the products have been discontinued. The $4700 is a bit outside my price range. I think the Sensair seems to be my best option. Thank you for the response.
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With my husband, I sometimes feel obligated because I’m his wife and, after all, he does pay for everything. (Shere Hite)
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Jane,
First off, sex is not a biological need but a biological drive. Biological needs are things an organism needs to live (e.g., oxygen, water, food). Sex is not necessary to live.
Second, if the act of sex is exclusively due to a biological drive for males to derive physical pleasure and females to procure protection and resources from a male, how do you explain lesbian couples? Lesbian couples engage in sexual acts, including penetration, though - according to your theory - there is absolutely no biological advantage for them to do so. The only logical conclusion is that females too *gasp* enjoy the act of sex. Not necessarily all of them, but most.
You seem to be on this crusade to convince people that all sex is coercive - a radical feminist myth that has long since been debunked.
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Hi everyone,
I have a problem involving a Fredholm equation of the first kind, and I need to apply Tikhonov regularization to solve it.
Is the method L-BFGS-B algorithm in python good
Regards,
Abdelmalek
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Thank you very much Shahjan
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Has anyone used Lupex Biotechnology Protein ladder (P101-2, 9-180 kDa) in gels? Do you get good separated bands? Please do share images too, if so. Thank You.
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Thank you for the suggestion Ma'am. I will try this approach.
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The difference between a regular antenna and a reconfigurable antenna
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To determine if your current antenna is reconfigurable, you should check whether it can dynamically alter its fundamental properties like frequency, radiation pattern, polarization, or impedance. A reconfigurable antenna is designed to adapt to different operating conditions by changing these characteristics in real-time, often through components like PIN diodes, varactors, or MEMS switches integrated into the antenna structure.
If your antenna has elements that can be controlled electronically or mechanically to modify its behavior without physically replacing or adjusting the entire antenna, it's likely a reconfigurable one.
Miguel
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How to make buildings resistant to earthquakes?
Now in Iran, according to my suggestion, Unilit roof is used in the roofs of residential and office buildings, which is very light. I took this suggestion in an article for the seismological organization in Tehran and gave 14 suggestions to prevent the Tehran earthquake, including 2 They implemented it. One of them removed the bricks from the roof of residential and office buildings and put unilite and poured concrete on top of it, which is very resistant because there is a round rod inside the bits and it was mixed with concrete, and I also said that in metal buildings from 7 or 8 should be used next to the walls because it makes the Masguni houses stronger and also 2 parking spaces should be used under the buildings, like palm trees or dates, which have deep roots and will not fall during an earthquake. Buildings must have deep roots and also in the science of retrofitting structures, divergence is used, that is, natural or artificial rubber is used under the pillars of the houses, and steel springs are used in the middle, so that during an earthquake, the building, like a car or A car that has a spring and the springs play, the building goes up and down but does not fall, and this is a building engineering science that makes buildings resistant to earthquakes and natural disasters. And secondly, through the injection of water and salt solution, the energy of the faults can be removed. Because it comes from the earth's core, which has 6000 degrees Celsius of heat. At any moment, this heat transfers to the surface of the earth. Therefore, the energy inside the earth must be removed, and by transferring the water and salt solution that all the oil extraction companies have, which is known as the injection of water and salt solution, like a tiny needle that is inserted into a balloon so that the balloon does not burst, we humans can create an artificial earthquake. Let's prevent the earthquake explosion and create an artificial earthquake ourselves and release the pressure inside the earth. And 3, we should not build residential or office buildings where there is a fault line, because the buildings are heavy and the taller and bigger they are, the more pressure is placed on the faults. So either we have to build a single floor or not at all to prevent an earthquake from happening.
Wisam Fawzi added an answer
I saw that this technique is used in most Iranian structures and my personal opinion is a successful technique.
László Attila Horváth added a reply
Did you used technics of Ioannis Lymperis ?
László Attila Horváth added a reply
Did you used technics of Ioannis Lymperis ?
Ioannis Lymperis added a reply
The Ultimate Anti-Seismic Design Method
The design mechanisms and methods of the invention are intended to minimize problems related to the safety of structures in the event of natural phenomena such as earthquakes, tornadoes, and strong winds. It is achieved by controlling the deformations of the structure. Damage and deformation are closely related concepts since the control of deformations also controls the damage. The design method of applying artificial compression to the ends of all longitudinal reinforced concrete walls and, at the same time, connecting the ends of the walls to the ground using ground anchors placed at the depths of the boreholes, transfers the inertial stresses of the structure in the ground, which reacts as an external force in the structure’s response to seismic displacements. The wall with the artificial compression acquires dynamic, larger active cross-section and high axial and torsional stiffness, preventing all failures caused by inelastic deformation. By connecting the ends of all walls to the ground, we control the eigenfrequency of the structure and the ground during each seismic loading cycle, preventing inelastic displacements. At the same time, we ensure the strong bearing capacity of the foundation soil and the structure. By designing the walls correctly and placing them in proper locations, we prevent the torsional flexural buckling that occurs in asymmetrical floor plans, and metal and tall structures. Compression of the wall sections at the ends and their anchoring to the ground mitigates the transfer of deformations to the connection nodes, strengthens the wall section in terms of base shear force and shear stress of the sections, and increases the strength of the cross-sections to the tensile at the ends of the walls by introducing counteractive forces. The use of tendons within the ducts prevents longitudinal shear in the overlay concrete, while anchoring the walls to the foundation not only dissipates inertial forces to the ground but also prevents rotation of the walls, thus maintaining the structural integrity of the beams. The prestressing at the bilateral ends of the walls restores the structure to its original position even inelastic displacements by closing the opening of the developing cracks.
Article The Ultimate Anti-Seismic Design Method
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Miguel Angel Morales added a reply
July 9
There are two ways to achieve it. To start, we can make buildings more ductile, that is, they can withstand stronger deformations without failing; On the other hand, we can design more rigid structures, which implies that the buildings resist greater accelerations.
These systems consist of elements for energy dissipation or assimilation. The first type of system seeks to increase the capacity to "lose" energy, such as the "Saint Andrew's Cross" trusses, and others work as seismic dampers or isolators.
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Khawaja Muhammad Iftikhar added a reply
July 25
Abbas Kashani
Miguel Angel Morales
To make buildings resistant to earthquakes, it is essential to incorporate various engineering principles and design practices. Here are the key steps and considerations in detail:
1. Site Selection and Soil Analysis
  • Site Selection: Choose a site with stable ground, avoiding areas prone to liquefaction, landslides, or fault lines.
  • Geotechnical Analysis: Conduct thorough soil investigations to understand the soil properties and behavior under seismic loads. This includes soil borings, lab tests, and evaluating soil-structure interaction.
2. Building Design
  • Seismic Codes and Standards: Adhere to local and international building codes (e.g., IBC, Eurocode, IS Codes) that specify seismic design requirements.
  • Structural Configuration: Opt for simple, regular, and symmetric building shapes to ensure even distribution of seismic forces.
  • Redundancy and Robustness: Design for multiple load paths so that if one path fails, others can carry the load.
  • Foundation Design: Use deep foundations like piles or caissons in soft soils to reach stable strata. Consider mat foundations for better distribution of seismic forces.
3. Structural Elements
  • Base Isolation: Install base isolators to decouple the building from ground motion, reducing seismic forces transmitted to the structure.
  • Energy Dissipation Devices: Use dampers (viscous, friction, or tuned mass dampers) to absorb and dissipate seismic energy.
  • Flexible Joints: Incorporate expansion joints to allow sections of the building to move independently, reducing stress concentrations.
  • Shear Walls and Bracing: Use reinforced concrete shear walls or steel bracing systems to resist lateral forces.
  • Moment-Resisting Frames: Design frames that can withstand bending moments and shear forces during an earthquake.
4. Materials and Construction Quality
  • High-Quality Materials: Use materials with appropriate strength, ductility, and durability. Reinforced concrete, structural steel, and composite materials are commonly used.
  • Reinforcement Detailing: Ensure proper detailing of reinforcement bars in concrete to prevent brittle failure and enhance ductility.
  • Construction Practices: Follow best practices and quality control during construction to avoid defects and ensure the building performs as designed.
5. Retrofitting Existing Buildings
  • Seismic Assessment: Evaluate the seismic vulnerability of existing buildings using detailed analysis and field surveys.
  • Strengthening Techniques: Employ techniques such as adding shear walls, bracing, jacketing columns, and using fiber-reinforced polymers to enhance the seismic resistance of existing structures.
6. Innovation and Technology
  • Advanced Simulation Tools: Use computer modeling and simulation tools to predict building behavior under seismic loads and optimize designs.
  • Smart Materials: Incorporate materials with adaptive properties, such as shape memory alloys, which can absorb and dissipate energy efficiently.
7. Community and Lifeline Considerations
  • Building Codes Enforcement: Ensure strict enforcement of building codes and regulations.
  • Public Awareness: Educate the public and stakeholders about the importance of seismic-resistant design and construction.
  • Lifeline Infrastructure: Design critical infrastructure (e.g., hospitals, emergency response centers) to higher seismic standards to ensure functionality after an earthquake.
By integrating these principles and practices, engineers can significantly enhance the earthquake resistance of buildings, thereby reducing the risk of damage and loss of life during seismic events.
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Sebastian Schmitt added a reply
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Khawaja Muhammad Iftikhar, do you really think that a random, AI-generated answer is helpful for Abbas?
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Para hacer que los edificios sean resistentes a los terremotos, se deben seguir varias estrategias y técnicas de ingeniería. Aquí te dejo algunos puntos clave:
1. Diseño estructural adecuado: Es fundamental que el diseño del edificio sea realizado por ingenieros especializados en sismología. Esto incluye el uso de materiales y técnicas que permitan al edificio absorber y disipar la energía sísmica4.
2. Uso de materiales de calidad: Los materiales deben ser capaces de soportar las fuerzas sísmicas. El concreto reforzado con acero es comúnmente utilizado debido a su resistencia y flexibilidad5.
3. Cimientos profundos y bien conectados: Los cimientos deben ser lo suficientemente profundos y estar bien conectados para distribuir las fuerzas sísmicas de manera uniforme5.
4. Amortiguadores sísmicos: Estos dispositivos se instalan en los edificios para absorber y disipar la energía del terremoto, reduciendo así el movimiento del edificio2.
5. Diseño flexible: Los edificios deben ser capaces de moverse con el terremoto sin colapsar. Esto se logra mediante el uso de juntas de expansión y otros elementos que permiten cierta flexibilidad5.
6. Mantenimiento y revisión constante: Es importante realizar inspecciones y mantenimientos periódicos para asegurar que el edificio se mantenga en buenas condiciones y pueda resistir futuros terremotos4.
Implementar estas técnicas puede ayudar a reducir significativamente los daños y proteger vidas en caso de un terremoto.
Fuentes
1. Cómo hacer edificios que resistan terremotos | Ciencia | EL PAÍS
2. ¿Cómo construir edificios a prueba de terremotos? - DW
3. Así funcionan los edificios anti terremotos (edificios ...
4. Investigadores utilizan un edificio de concreto de 10 pisos para un experimento sísmico
5. ¿Cómo lo hacen? - Edificios antisísmicos (resistentes a terremotos)
6. Guía para construcciones seguras ante terremotos en ingeniería civil
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Let's say we have a standard, regular hexagonal honeycomb with a 3-arm primitive unit cell (something like the figure attached; the figure is only representative and not drawn to scale). The bottommost node is taken as the source of wave input and the ends of the left and right arms are taken as destinations such that Bloch's condition can be applied as qleft = eik1 qbottom and qright = eik2 qbottom. I wish to learn how would an iso-frequency contour plot be plotted post performing the dispersion analysis. Thanks in advance.
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Düzgün altıgende kenarlar eş ve oluşan eşkenar üçgenler aynı olduğu için heryerde simetriktir. Bu yüzden oluşan grafik düzgün doğrusal olur.
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how much efficient
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Regular grass can produce Methane gas. Nevertheless, the quality and ratio of methane gas to CO2 and other gas might be very small that combustion may not be possible.
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For First and practice samples or workshops for students
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its better to use laboratory paraffin wax as they contain ceresin. Ceresin provides stability for the specimen in the block and also it shows minimal distortion during microtomy. ceresin also helps in the removal of previous treating materials like xylene out of the specimen@
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* Reducing the incidence of preclinical nephropathy in patients with type II diabetes and diabetic retinopathy involves comprehensive management strategies, including:
Blood Glucose Control: Tight glycemic control through lifestyle modifications, oral medications, or insulin therapy can slow the progression of nephropathy.
Blood Pressure Management: Controlling hypertension through medications, dietary changes, and lifestyle modifications is crucial in preventing kidney damage.
Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System (RAAS) Inhibitors: Medications like ACE inhibitors or angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs) have shown to be effective in slowing the progression of diabetic nephropathy.
Lipid Management: Managing dyslipidemia with statins or other lipid-lowering agents may help reduce the risk of nephropathy progression.
Protein Restriction: Dietary protein restriction may be recommended to reduce the workload on the kidneys and slow the progression of nephropathy.
Regular Monitoring: Routine monitoring of kidney function through urine albumin excretion, serum creatinine, and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) can help detect early signs of nephropathy and guide treatment.
Lifestyle Modifications: Encouraging healthy lifestyle habits such as regular exercise, smoking cessation, and maintaining a healthy weight can contribute to overall kidney health.
Annual Eye Examinations: Regular eye exams can detect diabetic retinopathy early, allowing for prompt treatment and potentially preventing further kidney complications.
Education and Support: Providing patients with education about diabetes management, including the importance of medication adherence, regular check-ups, and lifestyle modifications, can empower them to take control of their health and reduce the risk of complications.
Multidisciplinary Care: Collaborative care involving endocrinologists, nephrologists, ophthalmologists, dietitians, and other healthcare professionals can provide comprehensive support for patients with diabetes and diabetic complications.
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I will and it will give you more informations about the disease....
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Cellular networks have a reputation for being expensive for constant data transfer. How do CIoT service plans typically differ from regular phone plans to accommodate the low-power, low-data needs of IoT devices?
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Dr Josnier Ramos Guardarrama thank you for your contribution to the discussion
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in the given regular triangle ABC find the locus of the points M inside this triangle such that MAB +MBC+MCA=pi/2
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That’s a catch.
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Does anyone have any idea about the page limit for regular papers in FGCS? Couldn't find any information from the author's guidelines. Thanks in advance.
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How do I get the Overleaf template for FGCS?
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The numerical solution of the singular integral equations has been developed by Erdogan and many other researchers (e.g., Erdogan, F., Gupta, G.D., 1972. On the numerical solution of singular integral equations. Q. Appl. Math. 29, 525–534. DOI: ), where the Gauss-Chebyshev quadrature method was proposed. However, if the kernel function of the integral is already regular, then may I ask what is the proper numerical method to deal with this issue?
A necessary condition to utilize Erdogan's method is that the coefficients a_ij (please refer to the picture in the file) of the singular term are non-singular, which is not the case I would want to deal with, since those coefficients are already zero in the regular integral equations.
I would be very grateful if you can give me some guidence! Thank you very much!
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Not specific but very similar work done by Prof. Abdon Atangana
e.g. you can consider following book
Numerical Methods for Fractional Differentiation
Book by Abdon Atangana and Kolade M. Owolabi
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I get regular notices from you that I am the second most read person at my institution, and I am curious regarding who is the mos read person. So far I can't make the search work to find out.
Thanks.
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I am frequently the most widely read person in my institution and I have achieved this by writing about topics that are not very deep and transcendent. But I have noticed that engineering students are very interested in these themes
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I know teachers are growing in their professionalism but allowing students in a class where the teacher do not have the capacity on the required attention and quality of a SPED will be a conflict on every classes and teachers into.
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There are reasonable arguments on both sides of this issue. On the one hand, inclusive mainstream classrooms that integrate students with and without disabilities provide social and academic benefits to students with mental disabilities. Being in an regular classroom exposes them to higher expectations, a wider range of curricula and more peer role models. With proper supports like teacher aides, modified assignments, assistive technologies or individualized instruction plans, many students with even significant disabilities can make progress on core academics and social skills alongside typical students.
However, full inclusion is not necessarily suitable or feasible for all students. Those with more severe cognitive impairments may struggle considerably to keep up academically or behaviorally in a large mainstream classroom. Ensuring they get adequate individual attention amidst larger classes places exceptional demands on teachers. Even with supports, the regular curriculum may need to be modified to the point it bears little resemblance to grade-level content standards. At that point one could argue the student is no longer participating in the same classroom experience as peers and would be better served in a special education setting tailored to their needs.
Ultimately there are good-faith disagreements on where to draw the line regarding inclusion. Rather than adhere strictly to one camp or the other, the best approach may be a flexible continuum of services balancing presumptions of mainstreaming with individual student needs. The priority should be crafting the least restrictive environment capable of providing each student with disability an appropriate education. With open communication and collaboration among educators, parents and support specialists, most disputes could be resolved by keeping the child’s interests at the center. Strict rules forcing all students into one setting or another are less helpful than nuanced discussions of how to best meet an individual student’s learning needs.
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I would like to carry out the study on consumption pattern of a particular fruit in a specified areas. In what form they utilize the fruit in the regular meals and how frequently they use in their regular meals.
Please suggest type of questionnaire and how to carry out the study, selection of population, no. of population etc
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Hi, Your research direction is really interesting. You should try to communicate or interact with the locals of that target and specified country in which you plan to conduct your studies.
I believe a local or national can guide you well and better than literature, etc.
Thats my suggestion and best wishes for your studies.
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Yesterday, I shared the link to this article with several other RG members, and some of us have posted comments there. But I think it might be a lot easier to continue the discussion here (in a regular discussion thread) than it is via the Comments section there.
Here is the link to the article:
Cheers,
Bruce
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I read through the thread and the Kaiser paper.
I don't know if it's just me, but this all seems so silly, with one exception, I'll mention at the end.
It seems very silly to me to say, "When you get a significant two-sided t-test, you know the means are different, but then you can't look at the actual means to see which is bigger."
Is this how anyone uses hypothesis testing in the real world ? If so, we could never make a practical decision about anything... "We say there is a significant slope, but we can't look to see if the slope is negative or positive, or what the magnitude of the slope is." That logic leads to great insights.
Other than this silly-in-my-eyes "logical" point... For both the Significance paper and the Kaiser paper, it seems to me that the advantage the authors point to is that you could use alpha = 0.05 for each of the directional tests, which gives you higher power than using alpha = 0.05 for a two-sided test, but each hypothesis retains the alpha = 0.05 error rate.
This just seems to ignore that the fact the error rate for both directional tests together would be greater than the nominal alpha.
Both papers address this somewhat, but in neither case do I feel like they address this point clearly or practically.
I could be wrong.
The one thing I found interesting in the Kaiser paper is that they raise the possibility of using two different alpha values for the two different directional tests. This could have practical implications. Like you want to be really sure a new treatment is better than the standard treatment, but would buy weaker evidence that a new treatment is worse than the standard treatment.
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For individuals with diabetes, maintaining joint health and mobility is crucial for overall well-being. Firstly, adopting a regular exercise routine that includes low-impact activities like walking, swimming, or cycling can enhance joint flexibility and reduce stiffness. Incorporating strength training exercises, focusing on major muscle groups, can also provide stability to joints. Controlling blood sugar levels is paramount, as elevated levels can contribute to inflammation and joint problems. A well-balanced diet rich in anti-inflammatory foods, such as fatty fish, nuts, and colorful fruits and vegetables, supports joint health. Adequate hydration is essential for joint lubrication. Regular monitoring of foot health, a common concern for diabetics, is vital to prevent complications. Additionally, consulting with healthcare professionals for personalized advice and incorporating stress management techniques can contribute to holistic joint health for individuals managing diabetes.
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Maintaining a healthy lifestyle is crucial for joint health and mobility in people with diabetes. Regular exercise, including activities that promote flexibility and strength, can be beneficial. Additionally, managing blood sugar levels, maintaining a balanced diet, and staying hydrated contribute to overall joint health.
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The frequency and duration of exercise play pivotal roles in enhancing mental health. Scientific evidence consistently reveals a positive correlation between regular physical activity and improved mental well-being. Engaging in exercise releases endorphins, reducing stress and anxiety while boosting mood. The frequency of exercise establishes a cumulative effect, contributing to long-term mental resilience. Additionally, prolonged sessions enable greater physiological adaptations, such as increased neuroplasticity and neurogenesis, further supporting cognitive function and emotional stability. Striking a balance in frequency and duration tailored to individual needs fosters a sustainable approach, harnessing the profound mental health benefits of regular exercise.
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Regular exercise can have a profoundly positive impact on depression, anxiety, and ADHD. It also relieves stress, improves memory, helps you sleep better, and boosts your overall mood. And you don’t have to be a fitness fanatic to reap the benefits. Research indicates that modest amounts of exercise can make a real difference. No matter your age or fitness level, you can learn to use exercise as a powerful tool to deal with mental health problems, improve your energy and outlook, and get more out of life.
You don’t need to devote hours out of your busy day to train at the gym, sweat buckets, or run mile after monotonous mile to reap all the physical and mental health benefits of exercise. Just 30-minutes of moderate exercise five times a week is enough. And even that can be broken down into two 15-minute or even three 10-minute exercise sessions if that’s easier.
So, am in support of your line of thought, dear Habiba Sundus
__________
Free course
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I was growing a chemical tolerant bacteria(Xanthomonas) on Nutrient agar vs Nutrient agar amended with copper. The bacteria is growing as its supposed to be on NACopper but very few or no growth on NA only. The bacteria is always maintained on media amended with copper. The chemical tolerance is not plasmid borne, so I was keeping out the plasmid addiction from my first guess.
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Given that copper is an essential mineral nutrient used by many enzymes, it is likely your species is more reliant on pathways that use copper containing enzymes.
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I wanted to know that the sunflower oil which is used as a vehicle of Rotenone in Rotenone induced PD model is of some analytical grade from some company or the the regular one which is available in the market?
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Dear what did you used in your research project.plz reply
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¿Conoces que está pasando en el mundo, más pernicioso en los jóvenes, con el consumo de cannabis, posterior a la decision de la ONU a propuesta de la OMS de regularizar la utilización del cannabis con fines de investigación cientifica a finales de 2020? Es importante escuchar los criterios, de cualquier índole, de todos nuestros científicos.
Do you know what is happening in the world, more pernicious in young people, with the consumption of cannabis, after the decision of the UN at the proposal of the WHO to regularize the use of cannabis for scientific research purposes at the end of 2020? It is important to listen to the criteria, of any kind, of all our scientists.
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The use of narcotics, the reason for the degradation of human society, stimulation of policies without motivation.
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It is said that community based-studies are required to identify the societal risk factors such as age, sex, occupation and number of donation that are significantly associated with TTI despite of the strict screening and testing practice. The question in mind is - are there any ways to detect early on the blood donors who are at a high risk of having TTI compared to those blood donors who have regular type of blood in order to help in reducing the burden of TTI in blood banking?
Reference: Shiferaw, E., Tadilo, W., Melkie, I., & Shiferaw, M. (2019). Sero-prevalence and trends of transfusion-transmissible infections among blood donors at Bahir Dar district blood bank, northwest Ethiopia: A four year retrospective study. PLOS ONE, 14(4), e0214755. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0214755
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To reduce the possibility of infection spreading via the transfusion route:
  1. Before releasing blood and blood components for clinical or manufacturing use, all whole blood and apheresis donations should be examined for signs of infection.
  2. Screening for the following infections and utilizing the following markers should be required for all blood donations: (a) HIV-1 and HIV-2: testing for HIV antibodies or an HIV antigen-antibody combination, (b) Hepatitis B: HBsAg (hepatitis B surface antigen) screening, (c) Hepatitis C: testing for HCV antibodies or an HCV antigen-antibody combination, (d) Checking for particular treponemal antibodies in syphilis (Treponema pallidum).
  3. Based on local epidemiological data, donations should be checked for other infections, such as those that cause malaria or Chagas disease.
  4. High-sensitivity, highly-targeted assays that have been studied and validated, particularly for blood screening should be used for screening.
  5. Before considering new technologies like nucleic acid testing, quality-assured serological screening of all contributions should be in place.
  6. Released for clinical or manufacturing use should only be blood and blood components from donations that test negative for all indicators in screening testing.
  7. By national policies, all screen reactive units must be identified, removed from the quarantined stock, and stored separately and securely until they are safely disposed of or maintained for quality assurance or research.
Reference:
World Health Organization (2009). Screening for transfusion-transmissible infections. National Library of Medication. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK142989/.
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For a regular Low Temperature Striling Engine, how much mechanical energy can I produce by using hot water at around 350K?
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The mechanical energy produced by a Stirling engine using hot water at around 350K depends on factors like engine efficiency, temperature difference, and design. Generally, small engines might produce a few watts, while larger ones can generate several kilowatts or more. Specific values vary based on these factors.
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I am optimizing complexes and used the following as parameters #P B3LYP/6-31G* Opt Freq Pop=(Regular,NBORead) Density=Current. How I can find HOMO LUMOs in .log file from Gaussian?
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Regularization techniques like L1 and L2 help control model complexity by adding penalty terms to the loss function. This prevents overfitting, where the model memorizes noise in the data rather than capturing general patterns.
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Qualitatively speaking, regularization is a way to apply prior knowledge to a underdetermined optimization problem such that a unique solution can be generated that exhibits the required properties (generally some form of fitting that shows the desired data trends without concentrating too much on the background noise - a form of smoothing). Choice of regularization method depends very much on the properties of the data pattern that we to extract.
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Could anyone help me with the code for interpolating stations' daily time series datasets to regular grids in Rstudio or Python?
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Thank you Sulaf Waiss I'll try with it!
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Yes, It may be a consequence of the statistical regularity condition in the B-matrix chains which predicts a diffusion coefficient α(3D)=9/4 * α(2D)
ref: Researchgate, theory and design of audio rooms.
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The chains of the matrix B predict a diffusion coefficient α(3D)=9/4 * α(2D)
Moreover, transition matrix theory B suggests different times inside different closed volumes.
In other words, time passes more slowly inside larger volumes in proportion to V/A=Lc (V=Volume, A=inner surface and Lc is the so-called characteristic length.
Here are some examples of applications of transition matrix theory B:
i- Reformulation and numerical resolution of the time-dependent 3D PDE of Laplace and Poisson as well as the heat diffusion equation with Dirichlet boundary conditions in its most general form.
ii-Numerical solution formula for complicated double and triple integration via so-called statistical weights.
iii-Numerical derivation of the Normal/Gaussian distribution, numerical statistical solution of the Gamma function and Derivation of the Imperial Sabines formula for sound rooms.
...etc.
***
If you allow it, we are now going into a minefield because most physicists and mathematicians would claim that time is absolute.
But the question arises, what does this explicitly suggest as a reform of existing concepts?
If we assume that the vital processes of life in the description of organic and biochemical chemistry are based on a diffusion mechanism, we should expect larger creatures to live longer.
In other words, we can assign different lifespans to different animals, fish, and birds based on their volume and subcutaneous surface.
Here are some very crude remarks:
i-Animals
*Lifespan of the elephant = 65 years and its Lc=2.5m.
* Lifespan of a horse = 25 years and its Lc = 1.25 m
*Lifetime of an ant less than 1 year and its Lc is about 0.04 m
For the birds
**Lifespan of an eagle = 20 years
and its Lc=1 m
**Lifespan of a duck = 6 years
and its Lc=1/4 m
**Lifespan of a small bird = 2 years
and its Lc=1/10 m
For the fish
*** Lifespan of a whale = 100 years and its Lc = 5 m
Lifespan of an average fish = 5 years and its Lc = 0.25 m
This means that the average lifetime in years is approximately equal to 20 Lc in meters.
Here I should stop and leave comments for the Research Portal contributors.
ref:
1-Researchgate, IJISRT review,  theory and design of audio rooms.
2-Researchgate, IJISRT review, How Nature Works in Four-Dimensional Space: The Untold Complex Story.
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Is there any regularity in the solubility of electrolyte salts in polymer gels? Taking polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) as an example, LiCl can be well dissolved in PVA, followed by NaCl, and KCl is very difficult to dissolve in PVA. In this way, the solubility of salt seems to be related to metal cations, but KOH can be very well dissolved in PVA. ZnCL2 can be well dissolved in polyPVA, but ZnSO4 is very difficult. However, H2SO4 itself is very easy to dissolve in PVA solution.
Thanks.
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You, apparently, know the division of electrolytes into salting in and salting out. Salting agents are weakly hydrated, salting out agents are highly hydrated. The gel on the electrolyte acts similarly. The decrease in the solubility of the salt corresponds to the salting out of the electrolyte under the action of the gel and vice versa.
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I have heard that it is better to show PCR gene expression results via log 2 fold change rather than just fold change, but how does one calculate the confidence intervals (error bars) for that?
For log 2 fold change is it just delta delta Ct +/- 1.96*SD?
And the standard deviation for delta delta Ct = standard deviation for delta Ct??
For the regular fold change is the confidence interval just 2^-(ddCt +/- sd)? Would that mean it is a 68% confidence interval?
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I agree that results of gene(/protein) expression experiments should be shown as log fold changes. This is particularily simple for rtqPCR, where the measured variable is "dCt", which is already proportional to the logarithm of the initial concentration of the analyte (the nucleic acid molecules with the amplicon sequence). There are a couple of statistical reasons (appproximate log-normal distribution + typically large dynamic ranges of concentrations of biological/biochemical/chemical compounds), but, particularily for the presentation of the results, there are good "psychological" reasons to use log fold-changes, e.g. the fact that the sign directly indicates the direction of the change, that equal relative concentration differences are represented by equal differences on the log scale, what typically maps to the biological relevance of the change, and that the log changes are symmetric (if you compare male vs female you get the same numeric result as if you compare female vs male - only with the opposite sign; nature does not care which group you chose as "control" or "reference"!).
Usind dCt values, you calculare the mean and its confidence interval following the standard procedure shown in any basic stats course. Nothing special, nothing new. I'd let a stats software do the calculations, beacuse you'd need the pooled standard error, which is slightly complicated to calculate. If you have paired samples, the calculation is a bit simpler, but using a software is still simpler and possibly less error prone.
The problem becomes a little larger when you have more than two groups, like a comple of different groups, or a time-course, or more than one experimental factor (like genotype and treatment etc.). Data (that means: dCt values) from such experiments is best analysed using appropriate linare models (regression, ANOVA, ANCOVA), and the stats software will provide the estimates and the corresponding confidence intervals of the relevant model coefficients.
The formula you gave for the confidence interval of the "regular fold change" (as you called it) is not correct. The confidence interval is based in the standard error (SE) of the estimate (ddCt), not the standard deviation (SD). In fact, in an unpaired design there is no SD of the ddCt (you may calculate something like the SD of a ddCt only for paired samples). The stats software will give you a SE, and the formula for a 68% confidence interval is estimate ± SE, for a 95% confidence interval it is estimate ± 2*SE.
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In the case of standing in public and attempting to stop passers-by to complete a short questionnaire, what is your basic approach? In a previous life, I was a commission salesman, so I know how important it is to make the first utterance out of your mouth the right one if you want people to give you even two seconds of their time, so what tends to work best for collecting data for research? A yes-no question? An open-ended question? A statement about the weather? Asking if they have a couple minutes vs avoiding mentioning time? Here have been some of my attempts, but it's hard to gauge which works best with the few attempts I've made:
  1. Excuse me, do you have a moment to talk (about ...)?
  2. Excuse me, what do you think about ...?
  3. How's it going? Hot today, isn't it?
  4. Hi, can you spare three minutes for ...?
(For specifics on my current survey, it's a bunch of Likert scale questions aimed at getting opinions about bilingual signage in a small town. I'm standing in front of grocery stores to encounter people as there really aren't any other places with regular foot traffic.)
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Hello Joshua,
I think the following description might help you. Thank you very much for presenting this beautiful question with us.
1. First of all, introduce yourself and the topic of the research in a short time with a greeting.
2. His participation in this research is very important. His answer represents your community. Explain this very nicely to him.
3. Assure him that his name and identity will be kept secret.
4. If he feels any discomfort during the interview, or wants to skip any answer, he can feel free to say so. Confirm this to him.
5. Questionnaire containing a combination of open and closed ended questions are beneficial. But time constraint is an important factor, in which case it is better to use closed ended questions than open ended questions.
Best wishes.
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I fabricated mixture of metal oxide nanocomposite and converted it to pellets to study the attenuation for gamma ray
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I think you will suffer from dead time effects of the detector when dealing with low sample thicknesses. In this case your count rate might be too high and to have a sufficient linear response of the detector output with respect to the countrate.
In order to solve that issue you should reduce the intensity of the primary radiation by
a) taking larger distances between the x-ray/gamma source and the detector, or
b) use a filter (e.g. some mm of Al, or Cu, etc. ; depending on the photon energy) in your beam path; please take your reference photon flux including the filter attenuation, or
c) make use of a small diameter pinhole diaphragm to reduce the intensity, or
d) skip the data for low thicknesses and start with thicknesses d larger than do ( d > do). Your primary intensity Io will now be Io = I(do) and you thickness dependence now is I(d')= I(d-do). Your sample section 'do' now can be regarded as the additional filter.
Good luck and
best regards
G.M.
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I have a question that i would like to ask you.
I was working on a protein, Tau441, purification project. At the end I wanted to measure the concentration of the purified protein. I used SpectraMax device to check Absorbance at 280nm wavelength and got a concentration of about 0.8 mg/mL after calculations. I also did BCA assay and used the same device to read the absorbance at 562nm wavelength and got a much lower concentration 0.14 mg/mL. Which method is more accurate in this case?
My protein is Tau441 and the sequence is below:
MAEPRQEFEVMEDHAGTYGLGDRKDQGGYTMHQDQEGDTDAGLK
PLQTPTEDGSEEPGSETSDAKSTPTAEDVTAPLVDEGAPGKQAA AQ
PHTEIPEGTTAEEAGIGDTPSLEDEAAGHVTQARMVSKSK DGTGSDD
KKAKGADGKTKIATPRGAAPPGQKGQANATRIPAKTPPAPKTPPSSG
EPPKSGDRSGYSSPGSPGTPGSRSRTPSLPTPPTREPKKVAVVRTP
PKSPSSAKSRLQTAPVPMPDLKNVKSKIGSTENLKHQPGGGKVQIINK
KLDLSNVQSKCGSKDNIKHVPGGGSVQIVYKPVDLSKVTSKCGSLG N
IHHKPGGGQVEVKSEKLDFKDRVQSKIGSLDNITHVPGGGNKKIETHK
LTFRENAKAKTDHGAEIVYKSPVVSGDTSPRHLSNVSSTGSI DMVDSP
QLATLADEVSASLAKQGL
Thank you.
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BME interferes with BCA and some other protein quantification methods. On the other hand Triton-X is a detergent interferes with measuring by 280.
In the attachment a list of compatibility with BCA assay.
For more information about the choosing of lysis buffer pls refer to the following article.
DOI: 10.1080/14789450.2017.1388167
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Can anyone explain the difference between water-soluble cholesterol (sold by Sigma, C4951) and regular/natural/chemically pure cholesterol, which must be insoluble in water? How can we measure free cholesterol in plasma by oxidation with cholesterol-oxidase in commercial assays if cholesterol is (theoretically) insoluble in water?
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Hello Giora,
What i found that:
  1. Water-soluble cholesterol vs regular cholesterol: Regular cholesterol is a waxy, fat-like substance that's found in all the cells in your body. It is hydrophobic and does not dissolve in water. On the other hand, water-soluble cholesterol is a form of cholesterol that has been modified to be soluble in water. This is typically achieved by attaching a hydrophilic group to the cholesterol molecule, which allows it to interact with water molecules and dissolve. This modification does not change the basic structure of the cholesterol molecule, and it can still be recognized and processed by the body in the same way as regular cholesterol.
  2. Measurement of cholesterol in plasma: Cholesterol in plasma is typically measured using an enzymatic assay that involves the enzyme cholesterol oxidase. Even though cholesterol is not soluble in water, it can still be processed by enzymes in an aqueous environment. This is because enzymes like cholesterol oxidase are able to interact with the hydrophobic parts of the cholesterol molecule and catalyze a reaction that converts cholesterol into cholest-4-en-3-one and hydrogen peroxide. The hydrogen peroxide can then be detected using a colorimetric assay, which provides a measure of the amount of cholesterol in the plasma.
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Hi everyone! I recently conducted a research study investigating the impact of virtual reality (VR) on learning and memory of difficult knowledge. The results I obtained from administering the PANAS questionnaire revealed some interesting findings. Specifically, participants reported experiencing more positive emotions when exposed to VR compared to a regular film. However, there were no notable differences between the groups in terms of negative emotions measured by the PANAS. It's worth noting that the negative emotions reported were generally lower than the positive emotions. This raises the question: could there be a Neuroscientific explanation behind these findings?
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Ela Luria Your research findings regarding the impact of virtual reality (VR) on positive and negative emotions are intriguing. While I can provide some insights, it's important to note that a comprehensive explanation would require further investigation and analysis.
The observed difference in positive emotions between the VR and regular film groups could potentially be attributed to several neuroscientific factors. Here are a few possibilities:
1. Immersion and Presence: Virtual reality has the ability to create a highly immersive and interactive environment that can evoke a sense of presence, where individuals feel as if they are truly present in the virtual world. This heightened sense of immersion and presence can lead to a stronger emotional response, including positive emotions. The rich sensory stimuli and engagement with the virtual environment may enhance feelings of excitement, curiosity, or enjoyment.
2. Activation of Reward Pathways: Positive emotions are closely linked to the activation of brain regions associated with reward and pleasure. VR experiences that provide novel, engaging, and rewarding stimuli can activate these reward pathways in the brain, such as the mesolimbic dopamine system. This activation can lead to an increase in positive emotions and a sense of enjoyment or satisfaction.
3. Cognitive Engagement: VR experiences often require active participation and cognitive engagement from users. This cognitive involvement can lead to a more focused attention and enhanced encoding of information, which in turn can positively impact the overall experience. The cognitive engagement associated with VR may contribute to increased positive emotions, as users feel more involved and connected to the content.
On the other hand, the absence of notable differences in negative emotions between the groups could be due to several factors as well:
1. Methodological Considerations: It's important to ensure that the PANAS questionnaire used to assess emotions is sensitive enough to detect differences in negative emotions. Consider reviewing the questionnaire items and response scales to verify if they adequately capture a range of negative emotional experiences. It's also possible that the nature of the stimuli used in both conditions (VR and regular film) may not have strongly elicited negative emotions, resulting in less variation.
2. Emotional Regulation: It's possible that individuals engaging in VR experiences may have effectively regulated their negative emotions. VR has been shown to provide opportunities for emotional regulation through techniques such as distraction, cognitive reappraisal, or emotional exposure. Participants may have utilized these strategies during the VR experience, leading to similar levels of reported negative emotions across groups.
3. Individual Differences: Emotional responses can vary greatly between individuals due to personal characteristics, prior experiences, and cognitive processes. It's possible that the participants in your study had inherent individual differences in their emotional reactivity, leading to consistent levels of negative emotions across conditions.
To gain a deeper understanding of the neuroscientific mechanisms underlying these findings, further research could incorporate techniques such as neuroimaging (e.g., fMRI) to examine brain activation patterns during VR experiences. This would provide more direct insights into the neural correlates of positive and negative emotions in the context of VR.
It's worth mentioning that the interpretation of your findings should be done in consideration of the specific context and limitations of your study. The complex nature of emotions and their neural underpinnings necessitates a multidimensional approach for a comprehensive understanding.
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Einstein once said that 3D solid geometry was nothing but physics.
We assume that the following unconventional formulas are products of the statistical transition matrix chains B:
i- Two 3D bodies of different shapes can only have the same volume V if they have exactly the same area A.
ii- The minimum value of the V/A ratio of a body of 3D geometry is equal to 1/6 and is satisfied by cubic geometric shapes.
iii-Two three-dimensional bodies of different shapes and of different materials can only have the same mass m if they both have exactly the same volume V and the same area A.
iii- Sabine's imperial formula for the reverberation time Tr in sound rooms:
Tr= constant * V/s A.
is deduced in a regular way via the chains of the matrix B.
. . . etc.
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This is just a quick preliminary answer to shed light on points i, ii and iii and to correct a serious error in point iii which is erroneously written as:
Two three-dimensional bodies of different shapes and different materials can only have the same mass m if they both have exactly the same volume V and the same area A.
the correct form is:
Two three-dimensional bodies of different shapes and of the same matter can only have .....
the physical significance of this item is beautiful.
Take any amount of clay or liquid metal and try to form different shapes or statues and the result is that they will all have exactly the same surface area and volume.
the beauty of items i,ii and iii comes from their simplicity.
In other words, any smart student can validate them all just with their pocket calculator.
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Hi, I am not a material engineer and I am curious about whether the regular crystallization of a material makes it more strong or more fractile in comparison to irregular structures such as amorf in glass? Or changing regular zones orientation makes it harder?
Thanks.
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thanks
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Hello all
I would like to start working with human iPSC cells, and looking for protocols that I can use it for thawing, freezing, regular passaging, and differentiate of this cell line to neuronal cells.
Thank s in advance
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Than you so much dear Selene Lickfett.
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I would to study apoptosis, but I haven't regular access flow cytometry to use Annexin V/PI staining. Could suggest me sensitive methods to investigate apoptosis?
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Hello @Priscilla Chiofalo,
If you have accessibility of fluorescence microscopy then you can do AO-EtBr staining assay to determine apoptosis. If you want to know more about this assay then dm me .. i will share protocol or you can read below articles.
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Hello.
I'm predicting distribution using the Maxent model.
The jackknife test results are in three tables: regularized training gain, test gain, and AUC.
But I found all the test gain negative. The rest have no negative values.
The problem is that only in test data, both 'With only variable(blue bar)' and 'With all variables(red bar)' have negative values.
1. How should I interpret this? What does negative values mean?
2. Many papers mention only regularized training gain. Is test gain useless?
The sentence may be awkward because I used the translator.......
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I read that a negative Jackknife means that the distribution of the species is highly affected by the variables :)
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As there is section, Letter to Editor, does it carries equal weightage as the regular research paper.
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I think the answer is no. It is mentioned in the same way in Pubmed for the same journal so my letters count the same and they can also generate another research item in RG. They are, after all, often reviewed in the same way. Nevertheless, I would not include it in my CV in the same way.
I think letters to the editor still serve a very important function. It makes people who write articles more accountable and they can be held responsible for what they say. Accountability is an assurance that an individual or organization is evaluated on its performance or behavior related to something for which it is responsible.
It is, to me, very important in science and lots of other areas.
This is a very good summary of the concept!
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These seem like plantings, but not on terraces nor. They appear to be an alternative way to ploughing and planting in furrows.
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Could be soil mounds from gophers, voles or moles or similar type of burrowing animal
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Dear Sirs,
It happens that I receive on my regular email requests for full text via Research gate, but when I open the link in my mail and access research gate I can't find the request anymore, so that I have to leave it unanswered. Could you please help me to solve this problem, or tell me how to reply and send the requested text?
Thank you,
Luigi
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I have the same problem, although it was working perfectly a year ago, so perhaps the problem is not unusual.
I used to receive an email from ResearchGate AND it would show up in the Messages folder on the RG toolbar. However, automatically adding a message on the RG site so I can reply is no longer happening. I have been having to search for researchers names on ResearchGate and send the person a message from their profile (hoping that I have the correct researcher). This is very clunky to do.
I am using chrome - is there a glitch in the system?
Thanks for any suggestions you can offer to fix this.
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I work with primary cultures of human cells destined to tissue engineering therapies. I need to demonstrate that the cultured cells not develop any malignancies transformation, so I think in a soft agar assay, using T84 cells as a positive control.
But I think that the colony counting is a little weak method to reach any conclusion, since is greatly operator dependent. I found some colorimetric kits that use a microplate reader to convert the cell growth in an absorbance value.
I would like to try the same, with a regular spectrophotometer. But before that, I need to digest / dissolve the agarose in which the cells are trapped.
Do you have any experience with this asssay?
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Hello Diego! I want to do a similar experiment and am also looking for information on how to dissolve agarose. Have you found a solution to this problem?
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Although there are new attempts using the exotic atoms of hydrogen and deuterium since 2010 to measure the regular radius of the proton, is it legitimate to consider that the value 0.8758fm is until today the experimental value the most accurate for the regular radius of the proton which accords perfectly with the theory of the standard model of particle physics?
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Preston Guynn
Let's leave aside the question of quantum gravity. I believe that in physics there is only the Schwarzschild radius which gives the radii of protons and neutrons. This is almost worth a theorem.
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Do blood donations impact the health of the donors? How or why?
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Frequent blood donation is associated with reduced blood pressure and a reduced risk of heart attacks. It contributes significantly to reducing cardiovascular risk factors. If your hemoglobin level is too high, blood donation helps to reduce blood viscosity, which has been linked to the development of blood clots, heart attacks, and stroke. Excessive iron reserves might also increase a person's risk of heart attack. Donating blood depletes your iron reserves and assists your body in producing new blood.
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Regularization in Deep Learning .(CNN)
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I don't believe that dropout in front of another convolutional layer makes sense. Dropout does not really ignore the feature in the feature map, but it sets it to 0, which is a valid number. This can introduce patterns in the feature map that do not exist without dropout. When applying another convolution on top, the kernels need to learn to deal with random patterns that they never see during deployment.
Dropout on top of the *last* convolutional layer is surely useful, but not in between convolutional layers. This is identical to dropout after linearization in front of the first fully-connected layer, which is how dropout was designed to work.
However, I have to admit that even experts in deep learning (and I am giving a lecture on that topic) have no real insights on how these beasts learn their jobs, so I agree with Imrus Salehin that the best is to try it out.
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Hello,
I am using Mplus to conduct a latent transition analysis. I have examined both regular LTA and LTA with random intercepts and found that a five-class RI-LTA model best fits the data. Each class has three indicators. I also found that a full invariance model resulted in a significantly worse model fit than a non-invariant model. I want to test for partial invariance as a visual inspection of the results suggests that the means are very similar on specific indicators within a class across time but vary somewhat for other indicators. I want to check whether constraining specific means to equal across time improves model fit.
I have a couple of questions. When I estimated the RI-LTA, I only constrained the means, but should I also constrain the variances? Also, is there a simple way to determine if any means should be constrained to be equal, such as using modification indices? If not, should I label each indicator and compare them using the model test option?
Is a RI-LTA an appropriate method, or is a regular LTA fine? I chose this approach because I am examining change and stability in psychopathology across time and believe there might be some trait-like influences on stability. I found that factor loadings for conduct problems and hyperactivity are relatively high (between .55 and .85), but factor loadings for emotional problems are lower (around .20). From what I understand, this doesn’t necessarily suggest that RI-LTA is inappropriate, only that emotional problems are less stable across time.
Any suggestions or references to papers with relevant examples and syntax would be greatly appreciated.
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  1. When testing for partial invariance in latent transition analysis, it's generally a good idea to first examine the means, and if necessary, also examine the variances. Constraining the variances can help improve model fit by reducing overparameterization and increasing estimation accuracy. However, whether to constrain the variances depends on the specifics of your data and the goals of your analysis.
  2. To determine which means should be constrained to be equal, you can use modification indices. Modification indices are commonly used in structural equation modeling to identify potential areas for model improvement. You can obtain modification indices by fitting the non-invariant model, then using the modification indices output to identify which parameters have the largest residual covariances. If the modification indices suggest that a particular mean is likely to improve model fit, you can try constraining that mean to be equal across time and evaluate the model fit using the difference in chi-square values or some other fit indices.
  3. In terms of the choice between a regular LTA and a RI-LTA, a RI-LTA is generally appropriate when you are interested in examining individual differences in change and stability over time, as you are in your analysis. The random intercepts allow you to model the individual differences in the initial latent class membership and the transition probabilities. The lower factor loadings for emotional problems in your analysis suggest that emotional problems may be less stable across time, but this does not necessarily mean that RI-LTA is inappropriate for your data.
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My question is only loosely related to research, yet it concerns potential support for researchers. I was elected chair of one of the European research association's Member Services & Research Resources Committee, and I was wondering what approaches and tools may be used to improve the field of resources and member service. Regular online seminars and a mechanism (very basic and ineffective) for connecting members based on research interest criteria are currently in place. Do you know of any platform or technology that can be used to pair researchers for internal use? I'm also considering creating a data storage platform for secondary data analysis. What do you think about developing reserch reseources in research associacion? What are your experiences? Thanks in advance.
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Marcin Boryczko Some techniques you might try to increase the field of resources and member services in your research association include:
1. A collaboration tool, such as Microsoft Teams, Slack, or Asana, can provide a centralized location for researchers to interact, exchange information, and collaborate. This might also be an excellent location for online lectures and workshops.
2. A networking platform tailored to researchers can assist individuals connect based on their research interests, areas of competence, and geography. Platforms like ResearchGate and Academia.edu can be utilized for this.
3. Data repository: Creating a data repository for secondary data analysis may be an excellent approach to assist researchers while also making research data more accessible. Platforms like Figshare and Dataverse can be used.
4. Offering research support services, such as data analysis or article preparation, may be a helpful resource for researchers. You might look at outsourcing or forming an in-house team to deliver these services.
It's crucial to remember that these are only a few examples, and the optimal strategy will depend on your research association's unique requirements and goals. Conducting surveys or focus groups with members might be an effective technique to get input and determine which tools and services would be most beneficial. Best wishes!
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Hi everyone,
We know that for oncology drugs we have plenty of method for phase I dose escalation, but I'm wondering that is there any specific dose escalation scheme for drugs that is not for oncology (eg. diabetes).
Should I just use a regular 3+3 or some model-based method?
Thanks!!
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Hi,
Try this sequence of keywords in Google: clinicaltrials.gov AND "diabetes" AND "dose escalation" AND "protocol"
Then you find many different examples, some with protocol.
Best regards
Tomasz
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The results of our research determined for the first time that for the entire frequency range of acoustic waves, the range of their propagation, measured not in units of measurement of distance, but in cycles, is a constant: the same number of cycles corresponds to the same absorption of acoustic energy. But the presence of correlation in this case is not related to the presence of a cause-and-effect relationship between the frequency of acoustic waves and their propagation distance.
It should be noted that there are signs that the obtained regularity can be extended to transverse waves in water. This is evidenced by the fact that, unlike shorter wind waves, long ocean surface (transverse) waves of spread over a distance of more than 1000 km. Tsunami waves, which have a length greater than the length of "Zibu" waves, spread over a distance of tens of thousands of kilometers. Seismic waves that propagate in the solid shell of the Earth, at lengths close to the length of tsunami waves, also propagate for tens of thousands of kilometers. In the future, different types of waves propagating in different environments can be considered, which does not exclude the possibility of confirming the general (universal) physically justified and understandable regularity of wave attenuation put forward by us.
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Dear Bernard Garnier. You do not agree with my postulate: "Long mechanical waves in all physical media propagate farther than short ones. This is a general law". The argument is very vague. It is necessary to give specific examples. Then there will be a subject for discussion. Based on your logic, the law of physics F=m*a and all other laws of physics are not universal? Sincerely, Boris Kapochkin.
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The topic can be complex, but I am interested in the technique of heat kernel for the regularization of a divergent series at a specific point b=0. I mean, if one already knew a convergent series for each point b (being b different to zero where the series diverges), can I transform the divergent series at b=0 in a convergent series at b=0 by the heat kernel regularization or another technique to try to approach the series at the divergent point b=0? I see only the heat kernel or zeta function regularization as potential candidates for fixing divergent series when a specific value b is studied.
Let me know PDFs or links about the regularization from convergent series that diverges at b=0. Particularly I am interested in what has been exposed in this link: https://math.stackexchange.com/questions/1964838/equivalence-of-regularization-schemes-of-divergent-series/4597704#4597704
As the approach seems to be very interesting.
Best regards
Carlos L.
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Dear members,
I have read about multiples techniques for regularizing a summation, I would like to know the technique for the case
How to regularize the divergent summation Σ ((1-l*π)^2n)/l^2 where the index is l=1, 2, 3...
For any n (natural n=1, 2, 3,... ) where the summation diverge and needs the regularized summation.
Best regards,
Carlos
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Xiaoguang Zhang Thanks, I know that it diverges, so I am asking if one could use the Cesaro, Abel or Ramanujan methods for regularization of series in order to process it. However, I have thought in other steps that probably did not involve this series directly.
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Special issue Vs a regular issue
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It is the same as far as I know but I am always very hesitant to enter something in special issues. I end up with something that suits them and it delays from writing what I originally intended to do. If I had no ideas (and lots of time), then that would be great for me!
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I used QIAseq QuantiMIZE DNA_96 kit to evaluate DNA quality of FFPE samples.
After PCR run, I have the amplification plot attached here.
Any possible explanation on why the curves are different from a regular qRT-PCR?
In case someone used this kit did the amplification plot appears similar to mine? Please, if possible attach a photo here.
Thanks
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Because of the initial signal increase (cycles 1-5), the background correction algrithm of the software fails. You can solve this by setting cycles 6 -13 manually to be used to estimate the background trend.
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When modelling the softening behavior of quasi-brittle materials as concrete, mesh sensitivity is very important unless we use a regularization technique. In tension there are many available in the literature, but what are the techniques available for compression?
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Not quite, but thank you for your answer
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I grew these HEK293 cells in the regular media and changed to serum-free media at 50% confluency to stop duplication of the cells. But after changing to serum-free media, some of the cells show a round shape, seems they are shrinked. Are my cells contaminated?
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The cells just look under stress which occurs due to various conditions. In this case, maybe due to the change from regular media to serum-free media as mentioned by Mr. CHANDRA SHEKHAR DASARI above in more detail.
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I have two points along a straight line path. Each of these points has associated with it weather forecast data in the form :
[forecast time, direction, speed]
I need to generate direction and speed predictions along a route between these points at regular intervals (e.g. 10m or 10s)
I have seen a lot of methods using four points for speed interpolation but these do not work well for only two points.
Any suggestions?
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So this has plagued me for a while. The short answer for anyone following this is to use linear interpolation or something like a 2-point COSINE interpolation (What we settled on).
The problem is, as intuitive as it may be, is that this assumes that the position you are interpolating will lie exactly on this line between point A and B. Secondly, interpolating wind speed might be easy but wind direction is not. A somewhat simple solution to this is to change it from direction and magnitude to just a vector and interpolate it that way.
The better interpolation method that we finally rested on was just to hit our wind server with more traffic in an effort to do 4 point interpolation.
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Similarly can all actinomorphic flowers be Regular??
Thanks.
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Yes, zygomorphic flowers are synonymous with irregular.
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I am sharing an incubator and I am used to using sterile water and regular cleaning program to keep my water sterile. However, the copper sulfate keeps being added to the incubator. I have heard this is common practice for other types of cell culture but I am wondering if this is something that could affect a more fussy type of cell such as stem cells.
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Yes, many laboratories do successfully use a number of chemical additives in their incubator humidity trays including copper sulfate (1.0 g per litre). In 10 L of pure water, you may add 10 g copper sulfate and 0.2 g EDTA. Fill your water tray to the mark. Once you see a blue deposit in the tray, it’s time to change the solution, but once a week will be the right way.
Use the correct concentration of copper sulfate as using copper sulfate in water at high concentration or for long term may harm cells and incubator components over time because of the warm, humid and slightly acidic atmosphere (due to the CO2 gas + humidity making weak carbonic acid) in a CO2 incubator.
If you do not have a copper lined CO2 incubator, copper sulfate may corrode your stainless-steel interiors. So, double check what you’ve got before you try using copper sulfate to keep water sterile in the incubator.
Best.
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I am planning to apply for small budget project. Is there any funding agencies, which receive application for grant on regular basis?
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DST-DBT,SERB,CSIR,ICMR,STATE WISE AGENCIES,CCRYN,CCRAS
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I would like to convert grid coordinates projection to longitude latitude (lonlat) by CDO.
but I am getting error
cdo setgridtype (Abort): Unsupported grid name: lonlat
Using this Command
cdo setgridtype,lonlat projection .nc regular_coordination.nc
is this can I use or I should use different? please let me know the correct Command
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Does anybody know any physical argument for using zeta function regularization?
Or it is an open question?
Thanks.
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Hi friends,
So I'm new to cell culturing research and synthetic biology and I'm working with MDA-MB-231 cells. Fairly regularly I have to at least split plates in order to maintain the cells, but I am also passaging cells for other things. Normally on a 10cm petri dish I'd plan to seed ~5.0E5 cells/mL for regular splitting and in a 96 well plate I'd seed ~4.5E4 cells/mL for my experiments. One thing I'm confused on still is using the hemocytometer to calculate cell density because I'm not entirely sure what my dilution factor should be.
Normally, I'll remove the old media, wash with PBS then trypsinize cells, after incubating for 5mins I add a bit more media until the total volume is 10mL, then I spin everything down. After that, I aspirate out the supernatant and am left with a small pellet of cells that I then break up and dilute with ~2-6mL of fresh media before using the hemocytometer to count the number of cells in 10uL.
My question is since I'm removing all the old media after centrifugation but then am adding new (different amount) media prior to counting, how does that impact the overall dilution factor?
Here's an example of what I was taught to do to find the amount of cells in 1mL, I just wanted to confirm that I'm on the right track. I was told if I resuspended my pellet in 3mL of media and then counted 75 cells I'd have:
75 cells/10E-4mL media
75 E4 cells/1mL media
7.5E5 cells/1mL media --> multiply this by 3 since you used 3mL to dilute before counting to get total number of cells (is this what accounts for the dilution factor?)
Total of 2.25E-6 cells that could be split however you see fit? Sometimes determining how many plates to get out can feel like a guessing game. Let me know if you see any issues with my method or suggestions that might be helpful, I welcome them. Please do try to be kind as I'm still learning and figuring things out. Thank you.
Kylie
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Alternatively, for adherent cells, you could seed the cells as calls/cm2 instead of cells/mL.
You already know how many cells/mL you seed in 96well plates or on culture dishes, and in which volume. (e.g.: if you seed ~4.5E4 cells/mL for experiments in96 well plates, in 100 uL volume, that is ~4.5E3 cells/well. usually, a 96well plate well is ~1/3 cm2 --> you seed approx. (4.5E3 * 3 =) 13.5E4 cells/cm2)
This way, you could also think about the following aspects of cell culture:
* keeping the seeding density similar across culture vessels
* keeping the amount of medium constant across culture vessels
for me, it gave me better confidence/understanding of when the cells are "happy", and some guesstimate if there is something wrong with their growth, or maybe they just need new medium or were seeded too dense/diluted.
As a rough value, usually around 20,000 cells/cm2 was a good start for most cells that I worked with (rodent liver, human bronchial, human neural stem cells), and one of the first experiments I usually did was a cell titration curve to have an idea how they grow (i.e., what is the critically low concentration when they would not grow, or how long it takes until they reach confluence. I'd usually start from ~100,000 or 150,000 cells/mL in 2-fold dilution steps in a 96 well plate). This is great for planning experiments and keeping the culture healthy e.g. over the weekend.
For estimating the number of cells from the hemocytometer: your calculation looks fine to me :-)
from the total number of cells you can work out how to split the cells. Alternatively, the formula recommended by Sebastian Lungu-Mitea works well.
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I am a regular PhD scholar in Dept. of Mathematics at National Institute of Technology Meghalaya, Shillong, from July, 2017. At the end of July, 2022, 5 years of my PhD is to complete, and then I will not get fellowship. I want to join some college as the post of Assistant Professor, from August, 2022, and to continue my PhD work for 1 year more; and I want to request my institute (NIT Meghalaya) to allow me to do PhD work from home, I don't want to convert my regular PhD to part-time PhD; can it be allowed to me officially to do so, if yes, what would be the process? Please give some advices.
Thank you.
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Actually when the research allocated years have ended up that you can extend for further one year in order to complete the research or to submit Thesis.
This is possible either to continue or to join your parent institution that you can complete the doctorate in the house or your institution.
The valid letters are the authentication to do further steps to continue the PhD in the University or in your college campus.
Mostly, the researchers are looking for peaceful situation and conducive environment where the research or Thesis could be submitted in time because the college may not be supportive for the final research process. This is general thought among the researchers because IITs campus implies always research enhancing environment that was why mist of the researchers have preferred the higher level institution for doctoral research.
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Why do cockpit windows often appear to have a rainbow ‘tint’?
Irosting. Some window parts, especially on the sides and far from the electrical contacts, would dissipate less heat, and defrosting would be significantly less efficient
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Each set of colors that repeats is approximately 1 micro in thickness of the thin film. The thin film is probably thicker that the center of the windshield, 2 microns
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Most regular male condoms contains anti-spermicidal agent. The woman is looking for a child. It is been used as a probe sheath for TVS.
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Apologies, I meant condoms with spermicidal agents. Probe sheaths ideally should be specially made for TVS. However, NONn_spermicidal condoms can be improvised and be used as probe sheaths. Depending on the timing of the ultrasound scan and uncertainty of the time at ovulation. If the individual have coitus at the time of TVS, use of a condom containing spermicides can mitigate the whole essence of fertility treatment. However , because of the unavailability of spermicidal free condoms, most sonologist/Gynecologyist tend to use what is available to them which is spermicidal condoms as probe sheaths. Does this matter?
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It is my observation that RG lists name of each regular department at each university heading. But, there are some departments that are not similar in each country. One example is "Department of Public Finance". This field is organized as a separate department in Turkey. In US, it is not named a separate department. It is a part in department of economics. It may have different structure in different countries.
My point here is that those public finance scholars look for their department listing, and have no option to list their name. Some of them put their names on similar department listing such as department of economics or department of finance.
How to correct this technical issue? Suggestions?, thoughts?
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They don't usually list all, due to different departmental and subject settings across the world. But, the ones with regular departmental settings are listed.
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I want to solve nonlinear optimization. I find its solution by using Brent's method. in the case that there is no regularization. Since the derivative is not used in this method, can anyone guide me on how I can solve the problem by considering regularization? Is there any way?
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Orthogonal functions are often used for image processing (e.g., FFT, Radon transform, sinogram, SVD used in transmitting images from deep space probes). There are lots of examples in my book, which will be free on 5/10. I have attached a zip file containing all of the examples. https://www.amazon.com/dp/B07GT8TLDV
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Im guessing one of my horizons isnt a regular surface, anyone know how to change it? or what the error message means?
using Petrel 2021
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I have U2OS Flp-In Trex cells, but not the regular U2OS Flp-Ins. The only difference is the Trex are made using an additional pcDNA6/TR (Tet repressor). Normally you would transfect with pcDNA/FRT/TO which contains a CMV promoter followed by a Tet operator. Could I just transfect with pcDNA/FRT to create the stable that would not be affected by the Tet repressor? Also, the Tet repressor is blasticidin resistant. Could I also remove blast from the selection media to then enrich for cells lacking the Tet repressor before using the non-TetO pcDNA/FRT?
Thanks everyone!
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Hi Tom!
I am interested in the same question. Have you tested if what you propose is viable? I have tried to transform pcDNA5/FRT plasmid to HEK293-T-REX cell by electroporation and I have noticed that this meyhod is better than lipofection. I have obtained several viable cells after transfection however a lot of them died, when I have cultured cell in hygromycin medium. I have detected one-two focis... it is normal?
Thanks!
AP
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hello
In my wear simulation, I need to define 18000 cycles. Defining the numerous cycles take much time, so it is not possible to utilize the regular method. I found a paper about high cycles fatigue that the authors used the Jump-in-cycles algorithm.
I did not find more things about this algorithm. Can you help me how define this algorithm in Abaqus for my wear simulation?
Thanks,
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Dear cardoso Alsamawi
Thank you so much for your response
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and for Total Variation optimization how to frame the objective function having L1 norm function
then what is the alternative way of imposing Total variational regularizer .
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Dear Asim,
There are several parts to this question:
1. The L1 norm is non-differentiable by nature of the function. Consider the simple case of a one-dimensional input, in which case the L1 norm becomes the absolute value (which is non-differentiable).
2. For some output y = x (input) + n (noise), NxM matrix A, and scalar k, the objective function J* = min(x) ||y-x||22 + k||Ax||1
3. This is a constrained optimization problem that can be best understood through convex optimization, which I can't cover in a single answer... In general, one can take the dual formulation of the objective function via the Lagrangian and thus create a feasible set.
Skipping many math steps, this optimization becomes: J* = max(x<=1)min(x) ||y-x||22 + kztAx for some z<=1. This optimization problem can be solved much more simply.
Please also see these additional resources:
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If yes, then what are the factors that need to be taken into consideration?
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Hi all,
I've been attempting to ligate illumina adapters to a PCR amplified dsDNA fragment (sticky ends, 4bp overhang) but on all of my gels I can see the adapter and the insert separately, not ligated together.
I think part of this has to do with my insert (59bp) being so close in size to my adapters (79bp and 69bp). For this reason I have been using a 1:1 ratio of insert:adapter. I have tried 1ng, 100ng, 200ng, and 500ng. I have tried using the Blunt/TA Master Mix (NEB#M0367) with equal volumes of master mix and DNA/Adapter. I have also tried regular T4 Ligase (NEB#M0202), in a 50µL rxn I use 5µL T4 buffer and 100 Units T4 Ligase (I just scaled it from the protocol online-- is that too much?)
When I amplify the ligations (using primers that bind to the restriction enzyme cut site, I call them "bridge primers" because they bridge the insert to adapters) I get a product of the desired size, but when I send the sample for sequencing the only sequences that align are where the bridge primers bind.
I would love any advice on this, and I also have one specific question: I heard that spin column cleanup is not an ideal method for downstream ligations. Since my insert is PCR amplified, is there any other cleanup I can use to remove the excess salts and EDTA that might be an issue? I am doing SPRI bead cleanups between ligations, but what about cleaning up the PCR product before ligation?
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You can do HPLC to purify your pcr product. Also I can say that chelating agents may prevent the enzyme activity because they tend to keep metal ions. As a summary, during T4 ligase protocol, addition of Mg+2 keeps 2 phosphates of atp to make Atp sterically hindered. With the help of Magnesium, phosphates of Atp become reachable and than these phosphates are removed . Therefore, removing chelating agents and salts from your pcr products will fix the problem I think. HPLC is a nice application for your purpose.
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Re: ARTICLE: "Should Type Theory replace Set Theory as the Foundation of Mathematics?" BY
Thorsten Altenkirch
Type Theory is indicated (by the author) to be a sometimes better alternative and a sometimes-replacement for regular set theory AND thus a sometimes better replacement for the logical foundations for math (and Science). It seems to allow turning what is qualitative and not amenable to regular set theory into things that can be the clear particular objects of logical reasoning. Is this the case? (<-- REALLY, I am asking you.)
It is very rarely, if ever, I have addressed anything that I did not have a good understanding of; BUT, here is the exception (and a BIG one). (I HAVE VERY, VERY little understanding of this Article -- even from the most crude qualitative standpoint. You would say I should have researched this more, but it in not my bailiwick , only more confusion, on my part would likely occur, "shedding no light". My sincere apologies. ANYHOW:
:
If indeed things are as the author, Thorsten Altenkirch, says: it seems different things (other than those related to standard propositions in regular set theory) could widen the use of set theory itself yet retaining (including) all of regular set theory (with all of its virtues, as needed). BUT, in addition it is indicated it could be applied to areas (PERHAPS, like biological and behavior science) where present set theory (and the math founded on it) cannot now be applied.
"[ The ] type theoretic axiom of choice hardly corresponds to the axiom of choice as it is used in set theory. Indeed, it is not an axiom but just a derivable fact."
More Quoting of the author: "Mathematicians would normally avoid non-structural properties, because they entail that results are may not be transferable between different representations of the same concept. However, frequently non-structural properties are exploited to prove structural properties and then it is not clear whether the result is transferable." .... "And because we cannot talk about elements in isolation it is not possible to even state non-structural properties of the natural numbers. Indeed, we cannot distinguish different representations, for example using binary numbers instead." ... "we can actually play the same trick as in set theory and define our number classes as subsets of the largest number class we want to consider and we have indeed the subset relations we may expect. ... Hence Type Theory allows us to do basically the same things as set theory" ... as far as numbers are concerned (modulo the question of constructivity) but in a more disciplined fashion limiting the statements we can express and prove to purely structural ones."
"we cannot talk about elements in isolation. This means that we cannot observe intensional properties of our constructions. This already applies to Intensional Type Theory, so for example we cannot observe any difference between two functions which are pointwise equal." ...
"...Hence in ITT (regular set theory) while we cannot distinguish extensionally equal functions we do not identify them either. This seems to be a rather inconvenient incomplete- ness of ITT, [ (common set theory)] which is overcome by Type Theory (HoTT)"
"[It] reflects mathematical practice to view isomorphic structures as equal. However, this is certainly not supported by set theory which can distinguish isomorphic structures. Yes, indeed all structural properties are preserved but what exactly are those. In HoTT all properties are structural, hence the problem disappears. ..."
"While not all developments can be done constructively it is worthwhile to know the difference and the difference shouldn’t be relegated to prose but should be a mathematical statement." [AND}: ...
"Mathematicians think and they often implicitly assume that isomorphic representations are interchangeable, which at closer inspection isn’t correct when working in set theory. Modern Type Theory goes one step further by stating that isomorphic representations are actually equal, indeed because they are always interchangeable."...
..."The two main features that distinguish set theory and type theory: con- structive reasoning and univalence are not independent of each other. Indeed by being more explicit about choices we have made we can frequently avoid using the axiom of choice which is used to resurrect choices hidden in a proposition. Replacing propositions by types shows that that the axiom of choice in many cases is only needed because conventional logic limits us to think about propositions when we should have used more general types."
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The answer is simply no. Additionally, considering "realist (platonic)" and "non-realist (non-platonic)" doesn't actually help with the answer I am going to provide, and the article also begs the question. It's like asking why you like music, is it because it sounds good, or is it because it makes you feel good? Well, that depends on what you mean! Equally, asking a working mathematician about the independence of math, or the construction of math will get you very confused looks. They way one treats math, is ever which is the most convenient, or the most sensible to the person. As such, the article in question does not particularly respect nor delineate the historical and functional differences between these two foundations of mathematics very well. Mathematics is a very broad, messy, overlapping subject. In fact, most of the math I regularly use does not really involve calculations, or functions per se. But, as the article is a pre-print, I assume it simply represents a scribbling of his thoughts.
In order to elucidate my answer better, some background in the cartography of mathematics is needed. There are many different universes (formal distinct foundations of mathematics as unique fields) of mathematics that have their own level of reasoning, and focuses. To name a few, category theory, abstract group theory, analysis, proof theory, many-valued logic, and the list just keeps going. All of which are employed at different levels to ascertain certain properties of math, or even to articulate certain questions. For instance, if one wants to study the different universes of mathematics, category theory is generally involved, and the object considered is called a topos. Or if one wishes to study how numbers work, one can employ number theory to study them as unique things, or you can employ analysis and study them as functions, or you can study them with group theory and consider them as action as well. In this view, no field of mathematics has a primacy over other mathematics, only advantages to the inquiries at hand.
Here is a simple question that I think illustrates the point I am making: is two an element of four, or not? That is to ask, in the construction of numbers, are they considered logically unique (aka type theory), or as informal primitives so that numbers are just simply numbers (set theory)? It is in fact this very question that helps separate type theory and set theory. This question, is akin to asking is meaning found in words or what the words represent? However both are true to a certain degree, and from different perspectives. If we are partial to the former, we are essentially asking, does the construction of words form the meaning they express? Yes, but only if we consider meaning as inherent to language alone (intensional). That is language makes meaning, not the world outside of our minds. If we are partial to the latter however, then words denote things, they are analogs to events, and point to common descriptions that we see (extensional). In the same manner, type theory considers numbers as things in themselves, to say "there are two dogs" is to say two dogs. Because the number two is different then dogs. Equally, computer scientists often employ type theory because it logically constructs things, whereas, mathematicians like set theory because its very good at describing things, and there relationships. It would be very burdensome for a mathematician if we had to logically construct everything from the bottom up. Instead of saying, let us consider a sequence of integers. The computer scientist would have to define every part of that sentence.
I hope this helps clarify the question.
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For my stress test design, it would be less invasive if I would be able to assess some important hormones such as insulin and grhelin in blood spots, instead of a regular blood draw. Does any one of you know whether this is possible?
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Thanks!
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I will be collecting blood and separating plasma for a study. The location of the blood draw will be about 30 minutes away from the lab where the samples can be stored. I have the option of separating the plasma at the location of the blood draw and storing it in a freezer until it can be transported to the other lab, which has a -80 degree freezer. The caveat is that the freezer that would be used for temporary storage is a standard/regular freezer (not -80). Does anyone know if temporary storage in a regular freezer for a week or two prior to transferring to a -80 freezer would compromise sample integrity?
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Hi! In an ongoing project, we are also collecting blood to measure cytokines. usually I leave samples at 4.ºC up to 3 days before I separate the plasma and store them at -80.ºC, without any problem. I have already left samples for a couple days at -20.ºC before storing them at -80.ºC and we had no problems with the ELISA. For long-term storage -20.ºC is more "dangerous" but if we are talking about few days-1 week I think you will see no differences.
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What could be the effect of Waste Plastic irregular chips on the bearing capacity of compacted Soils? And If the Plastic is cut into regular shaped stirrups then how different will be the resulting improvement, if any?
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The plastics can increase the California Bearing ratio of the soil. You can try that.
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I need to measure viscosity of a ceramic slurry at a shear rate betewen 10 and 200 s-1. The paste might have a viscosity between 3 and 5 Pa.s. I checked the regular spindles from brookfield and they would not be able to measure such viscosity. Does anyone know how to overcome this challenge?
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Dear Italo Leite de Camargo, you Can try a cone and plate rheometer. My Regards
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The comparative explanation of inverted geometry with regular would be helpful.
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The story of publishing papers in journals is twofold; before and after Covid-19. I have this classification because when I compare the APCs of journals before and after Covid-19, I see that there is a big increment. But, there is another option, submitting the paper to the special issues with very low APCs. Right here I have these questions. What is the difference between publishing papers on special issues and regular issues? What are the advantages of getting published in the special issues? What is the reliability of getting published in the special issues?
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Publishing in special issue give more chances for reading and citations and loger time for evaluations by professionals while in regular issues publishing take shorter time and less professional reading.
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In case of determining the release rate of a tablet in an acidic (0.1N HCl) media or basic media (Phosphate buffer) by USP Apparatus- II (Paddle method) when we take the sample from the vessel after a regular intervals (i.e 10min, 20min,30 min and so on) to measure the UV-VIS absorbance, is it necessary to dilute the sample before taking absorbance?
If we dilute the sample, won't it affect in the release rate of the sample tablet?
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One of the reasons to have concentration of diluted sample to be within linearity range of Lambert Beer's Law.
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Can anyone help me to formulate my research question for a thesis paper? I would like to do a research regarding the influence of sustainable development agenda 2030 on migration flows and human rights. Yet I also want to include in my research the fact, that not only safe and regular migration can help to achieve sustainable development, but the agenda 2030 can also have a positive impact on regular migration and human rights security (may be with a reference to gender issues or climate refugees).
I will be grateful of you could help me out!
Thank you!
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How migration contributes to local economic growth?
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Hello! I have been having an issue with large, regular peaks appearing in my HPLC runs that have been making the instrument unusable. In short, when running gradient runs on the instrument (Waters 2535 Quaternary Gradient Module), I get large peaks that increase in frequency and intensity as the gradient increases. This problem is constant and occurs when using any of the 4 columns we have. Below is an example run (50-100% ACN, 28min) with the following parameters: A: H2O, 0.1%TFA B: ACN, 0.1%TFA C18 or C8 column, 4.6x100mm flow: 1mL/min. T A B 0 90 10 1 50 50 12 0 100 20 0 100 21 90 10 28 90 10 https://imgur.com/a/tFqO7T5 -There are no obvious pressure spikes that co-occur with the peaks in the spectrum. The pressure profile itself is quite consistent; a sawtooth/zipper-shaped pattern with a maximum delta of ~35psi . -The issue is also present when using methanol, but to a lesser degree. -Varying the flow rate only changes the spacing between peaks and when the first peak 'elutes' I assume the issue is something like a bad pump seal, but I am just trying to make sure before we shell out the money for an expensive repair kit. It could also be an issue in the gradient proportioning valve, but I don't know how to distinguish between that and a high-pressure pump issue. I do not think this is a contamination issue. The peaks are far too regular and consistently eluting. Their absorbance intensity shows no decrease across runs. Things I have tried: -Remaking solvents fresh daily, from multiple different HPLC-grade solvent containers. No change. -Flushing the entire system with IPA. No change. -Switching lines. Normally we use lines A and B. I switched to C and D and saw a very minor improvement, but the issue was still there. -No injection. No change -No column. Inconclusive, we didn't have the correct fitting to create sufficient backpressure. Any help would be appreciated!
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This article might be useful, have a look: https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/11/6
Kind Regards
Qamar Ul Islam
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Hello, I am trying to figure out how to convert multiple Grib2 files from a polar stereographic grid to a regular grid type all at once. I have figured out how to do it for one grib2 file at a time
(cdo setgridtype,regular        <input grib> <output grib>), but I am having trouble figuring out how to convert 367 Grib2 files to a regular grid type all at once. Any suggestions are appreciated, thank you.
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How to run lasso, ridge, and elastic net logistic regression for the categorical independent variables and a multilevel dependent variable?
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Really an interesting question. I recommend that you jointly consult the following references to develop your own solution:
Multilevel logistic modeling:
(Weighted) elastic net logistic regression:
Regards