Science topic

Regional - Science topic

Explore the latest questions and answers in Regional, and find Regional experts.
Questions related to Regional
  • asked a question related to Regional
Question
2 answers
i just want to know that  can height factor define the alpine or sub alpine region.Some expert say that it will be start from different altitude like 4500m above or 3300m above so can altiude is a factor to define alpine area . on which area where the maximum height is 2500m on that area how will you define alpine and sub alpine region? alpine  regions are characterized by relatively low atmospheric pressure, low temperature, intense insulation, rapid and high ultraviolet radiation along with other related effects as chain reactions. All these factors are closely and insepably inter linked in a complex chain of causes and effects. The entire complex of these closely integrated and interlinked factors constitute a self regulating dynamic alpine ecosystem.These regions are characterized by relatively low atmospheric pressure, low temperature, intense insulation, rapid and high ultraviolet radiation along with other related effects as chain reactions. All these factors are closely and insepably inter linked in a complex chain of causes and effects. The entire complex of these closely integrated and interlinked factors constitute a self regulating dynamic alpine ecosystem.If these condition and treeline occur at an altitude  of 2500m .so how will you differentiate such region in to alpine and sub alpine region?
Relevant answer
Answer
The biotemperature of the subalpine zone is between 3 and 6 °C (37 and 43 °F). Above the tree line the ecosystem is called the alpine zone or alpine tundra, dominated by grasses and low-growing shrubs. The biotemperature of the alpine zone is between 1.5 and 3 °C (34.7 and 37.4 °F).
  • asked a question related to Regional
Question
3 answers
Please suggest the some methods to collect data from Internet or other sources through which I can collect data for Regional Research Study.
Thank you in advance 😊
Relevant answer
Answer
Dear Mr. Rasheed!
This is an interesting and relevant point. I consider you refer to international scale of study. I am from Hungary, living in Finland so I looked up research focusing on Europe - I take a case-study approach: COVID-19 . Please see the methodology-sections:
1) Flaxman, S., Mishra, S., Gandy, A. et al. Estimating the effects of non-pharmaceutical interventions on COVID-19 in Europe. Nature 584, 257–261 (2020), Open Access © 2020 Springer Nature Limited Available at:
2) Engin Karadag (2020). Increase in COVID‐19 cases and case‐fatality and case‐recovery rates in Europe: A cross‐temporal meta‐analysis, Journal of Medical Virology, Volume 92, Issue 9 September 2020, Open Access © 2020 Wiley Periodicals LLC Available at:
This paper focuses on different levels at the same time:
Andrew Clark PhD et al. (2020). Global, regional, and national estimates of the population at increased risk of severe COVID-19 due to underlying health conditions in 2020: a modelling study, The Lancet Global Health, Volume 8, Issue 8, August 2020, Pages e1003-e1017 Open Access © 2020 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd. Available at:
Yours sincerely, Bulcsu Szekely
  • asked a question related to Regional
Question
2 answers
In federal or descentralized countries with great regional diversity, such as Brazil, India, Mexico, Russia, South Africa, Spain, and others, should foreign service recruitment policy applies domestic regional representation when choosing new diplomats? If the answer is yes, why? What kind of benefits a regional, state, provincial representation can bring to the country's foreign policy? Does it garantee a domestic equal vision and practice on how the state will or could act in foreign policy?
Relevant answer
Answer
I do not know of any country that recognizes regional representation in the foreign service, or in general in the federal public administration.
However, the appointments of ambassadors, when ratified by the Senate, in cases such as the German, that its Federal Council is made up of representatives of the states and has the duty to represent them, we can guarantee that this ratification, the states are represented.
Similarly, Germany includes the Länders in the approval of international treaties that impact them, such as the Maastricht Treaty.
  • asked a question related to Regional
Question
6 answers
What future for industrial districts? We will discuss it at ERSA2020 in Bozen next August. Would you like to participate with a presentation? Submit an abstract! Here all information about the conference https://ersa.eventsair.com/60…/call-for-abstracts-and-papers #districts #industry4.0 #economicdevelopment #clusters #industry #industrialdevelopment #localdevelopment #papers #specialsession #urbanrurallinkages #sustainabledevelopment #paper #research #economics
Relevant answer
Answer
Peter F. Colwell Dear professor, your are right. A definition of industrial district is essential. This session would be a sort of starting point for the discussion. For this reason, it focuses on two pillars, the first is precisely methodological and wants to investigate the methods for the definition of districts. The second is structural because it wants to investigate the resilience of post-economic crisis districts. Thanks for your suggestions, they are very useful.
  • asked a question related to Regional
Question
9 answers
What future for industrial districts? We will discuss it at ERSA2020 in Bozen next August. Would you like to participate with a presentation? Submit an abstract! Here all information about the conference https://ersa.eventsair.com/60…/call-for-abstracts-and-papers #districts #industry4.0 #economicdevelopment #clusters #industry #industrialdevelopment #localdevelopment #papers #specialsession #urbanrurallinkages #sustainabledevelopment #paper #research #economics
Relevant answer
Answer
Emmanuel V Murray Dear Emmanuel, please read the call for presentation here https://ersa.org/2019/12/16/ersa2020-call-for-abstracts-is-open/
  • asked a question related to Regional
Question
24 answers
Dear all,
I am Valentina Cattivelli, a senior researcher at Eurac Research (Bolzano, IT) and I am a guest editor at Sustainability (IF 2.5).
With this, I would like to invite you to submit a paper within a special issue "Social farming for Social innovation and viability in rural areas". This special issue will contribute to the current debate on the green care movement, presenting some innovative solutions and business models to apply social farming as an innovative diversification strategy. The Issue will focus on the impact that social farming activities directly or indirectly have on the social-ecological transformation when fostering environmental knowledge building as well as well-being in and with nature. At the same time, it will evidence how social farming strengthens social capital in rural areas through the dissemination of culture and traditions in agriculture, the provision of social services, and the integration of people at risk of isolation. Additionally, the Issue will present applicable governance and legal framework strategies from their countries that provide legal certainty, regulate the quality of services, and ensure financial viability. Finally, it will investigate how social farming contributes to shifting agricultural activities from purely primary production towards service delivery. This extension of multifunctional farming enables new income opportunities to avoid farm abandonment and to counteract the typical phenomenon of de-growth, which rural areas are dealing with: demographic and agro-structural changes, brain drain, unemployment, vacant houses, or lacking services of general interest. If interested, please get in touch with me.
There is the opportunity to have a reduced fee (under certain conditions).
Thank you
Best regards
#socialfarming #socialagriculture #social #sustainability #research #socialinnovation #urbangardens #innovation #callforpaper #papers #italy #europe #agriculture #regionalstudies
Relevant answer
Answer
Milena Milojević thank you. Haji Saediman I understand you.
  • asked a question related to Regional
Question
25 answers
I am working on a research to determine the endemicity classes of different regions in a country which means that each region has to have one endemicity class. I am looking for ways of using different classes for each region to come up with my results
Relevant answer
Answer
Thanks for all the tips! This was extremely helpful
  • asked a question related to Regional
Question
9 answers
What is there similar factors and effects?
Relevant answer
Answer
Stimulating topic Following
  • asked a question related to Regional
Question
9 answers
There are more advantages and disadvantages in regional planning. so it should have critiques and make new strategies to over come this disadvantages. Please add your ideas.
Relevant answer
Answer
Regional planning has potential to address more of socio-economic and sustainability issues than just physical infrastructure. Most of the regional planning actions are focused on urban regions which in itself is centered around mother cities and its hinterland. Physical planning of regions have taken out people from its ambit of concern. Regional planning should have inclusive strategies, resource sharing abilities and bridge the urban -rural divide. The regional resources and its utilization (not exploitation) must be addressed by focusing on the natural resources. Its not prudent to being more urban centered which looking for expansion beyond cities physical limits. The administration of the regions which largely historical and geographical basis encompasses the security of resources for future. Most of the regions globally have exploited the regions for its resources, and left to fend for themselves while looking for good opportunity somewhere else. The cultural imprints and nature of region must be respected not only for protection of local culture but also to reduce the regional conflict. The national character of planning somewhat disregard the regional aspiration which can be addressed by more participatory and community based planning.
  • asked a question related to Regional
Question
3 answers
I'm looking for community-level datasets older than 20 years, at the landscape spatial-scale (i.e. multiple survey points in space), for any taxa or region.
If you know any dataset with these characteristics, please list it in the answers (hopefully with a related reference or website).
Thank a lot for your help,
All the best for 2018!
Cheers,
David.-
Relevant answer
Answer
Any kind of community data. It could be an assessment of the entire community of any taxa, or a specific assemblage. And it could be species composition (presences-absences) or relative abundances; in just one survey or multiple surveys.
I am actually carrying out a review of databases suitable to the study of species redistribution in space and time due to environmental change, so the main filter is that it should have several survey points within a region and in a not-so-wide temporal window in the past to make predictions on the present composition of these communities using ecological modelling.
Thank for your answer Kenneth.
Cheers
  • asked a question related to Regional
Question
4 answers
There are 2 to 14 percent of missing data
Relevant answer
Answer
I think Autoregressive model of order 1or 2 or 3 (depending on the nature of the missing data) or ARMA (1, 1) can be used.
  • asked a question related to Regional
Question
3 answers
I was trying to mosaic MODIS SST data over Arabian sea. I tried to work with it using ArcGIS and ERDAS imagine but the overlapping regions are not coming properly, ie the Null values are taken instead of data values in over lapping regions. Therefore the resultant mosaic data is having null values. Is there any solution for this ???
Relevant answer
Answer
You can use modis reprojection tool(MRT tool) to mosaic two modis image.
  • asked a question related to Regional
Question
1 answer
Good day! 
Much data is available on sectorial multi-stakeholder initiatives, however, what I am looking for are examples, case studies or research on local/regional multi-stakeholder initiatives. 
Can anybody suggest?
Thanks, Katinka
Relevant answer
Answer
Major public issues such as corruption, violence or public health cases, in this case it is necessary to perceive independent social participation and make social readings from various perspectives to achieve this profile. 
NGOs are dangerous terrain because they hide partisan principles not given to public knowledge and this can cause bias in the research. You would have to do an initial survey of these relationships before you opt for this path.
  • asked a question related to Regional
Question
2 answers
Dear researchers,
I need the primer sequences used for the amplification of ITS region of Salmonella enterica. I want to amplify the whole region to make an enzymatic restriction.
Relevant answer
Answer
 Salmonella genus subdivided to : S. bongori and S. enterica, which is in turn subdivided into over 2,300 serovars,sorry, you must  specify the serovar that you working on it ,. best regards
  • asked a question related to Regional
Question
3 answers
Dear Researchers,
I would like to know what were technical, practical challenges with integratation of various country-, regional- and provider-level health data and how you overcome them (i.e. from problem to solution).
Relevant answer
Answer
As the prescription drugs, getting more severe side effects, the low acupuncturist reimbursement makes the alternative treatments more useless.
When there are more symptoms and more severe diseases, the patients need more needles and/or longer treating time. Due to there is no acupuncturist's seat on any insurance company's board, the insurance low payments to the acupuncture clinics makes an acupuncturist need to treat multiple patients in an hour. That destroyed acupuncture treatment effectiveness.
  • asked a question related to Regional
Question
1 answer
I needed to mesh a cuboid with variable mesh size. In the centre region (2x8x1 mm), I need to have hexahedral elements of 0.05mm and coarse mesh in the outer region. 
For this, I have made it in two separate volumes but how do I combine two bodies so that there is a gradual change of element sizes at the boundary of the inner cuboid? 
Relevant answer
Answer
You have to satisfy mesh topology issue. This can be done through using the same mesh divisions on both sides. Regarding gradual change of element size you can apply the mesh command with the aspect ratio value.
  • asked a question related to Regional
Question
3 answers
i have a gene list i need to find CpG islands in the promoter region.I tried ucsc table browser to upload list but it is giving me a error saying that"no match in table cpgIslandExt".can anyone help me out in finding the CpG islands in promoter region of these gene list as soon as possible.
PLEASE
Relevant answer
Answer
hi,
the best way would be to load genomics informations.....
first get the informations for the targeted genes (positions and strands), construct a custom track from these informations (let's say 1000pB before CDS to the CDS), apply this track to the UCSC, and now search for the CpG in the track. you'll get the positions for each of the CpG, gene by gene in one table. there if you want the sequences, apply the "mapping and sequencing" group with a new custom track defining the positions for each CpG +/- I'll say 20pB to get flanking sequences. I let an example on how to build a custom track.
hope that helps
fred
  • asked a question related to Regional
Question
3 answers
Does anyone now of an online cat brain atlas with marked regions?
  • asked a question related to Regional
Question
4 answers
Pollen from surface soil sample, taken in Namibia in the Tsumeb region. P=15um
Relevant answer
Answer
Dear Franco and Michael, Thank you very much for your answers!  I think it could be an olacaceae rather than olea, but I am not sure... I will contact Roberta Pini for more informations,
Best wishes,
Ximena
  • asked a question related to Regional
Question
6 answers
the object was found in intertidal region floating at Visakhapatnam coast. Can't be collected as it get disturbed while trying to touch.
Relevant answer
Answer
Yes.. it is planktonic Porpita porpita oral view... All the above researchers have identified it correctly 
  • asked a question related to Regional
Question
1 answer
Hi All,
Whats is the difference between Gapped peaks,Broad peaks and Narrow peaks of Histone modifications and which should be ideally used for downstream analysis. Would it be ok to merge these regions using bedtools and use them for further downstream analysis.
Relevant answer
Answer
Different histone mods have very different distributions.  For example, "active" marks like H3K4me3 and H3K9ac form sharp peaks at transcription start sites while heterochromatin marks like H3K27me3 can cover blocks of many kb.  So which peaks you use for analysis would depend on the modification you're looking at and the questions you're asking.  In my experience, the narrow peaks of active marks can be analysed much like the standard analysis of transcription factor binding while you have to be a bit more inventive in analysing marks with broader distributions. I would be very cautious about combining the different peaks though as different distributions may well represent different epigenetic functions.  
  • asked a question related to Regional
Question
2 answers
I know few sites that maintain a coarse resolution data but, I need high resolution sensible and latent heat flux during 2001-2010 in the region of the Congolese rainforest.  
Relevant answer
Answer
Dear Mohd H,
I need a reliable resolution below 25 km or below. It is fine with the monthly averages with documentation about how it is averaged.  It may be possible at ERAIN data but, it is just statistically downscaled one.
Could you please help me with the data if you have some source?
Thank you Mohd H.
  • asked a question related to Regional
Question
8 answers
It would be a grate help if anyone can send me results of any calculation of the average extraterrestrial solar radiation that is calculated for a specific region anywhere in the world, particularly for summer months.
I know the formulas, but I need just a set of (region, radiation) pairs for several regions in each continent.
Relevant answer
Answer
Dear Prof. Hamed Shakouri:
The extraterrestrial solar radiation on a horizontal surface depends totally on latitude, day and the month.
You can calculate it using the formula presented in [John A. Duffie, William A. Beckman. Solar Engineering of Thermal Processes. 4th Edition]
or I have the calculations developed in Excel worksheet if you need it, please let me know.
  • asked a question related to Regional
Question
3 answers
Friends,
I am working on v3 region of 16S of bacteria. I made the consensus reads and wish to remove singletons from all reads and followed by rest analysis (Shanon and ChaoI). Please tell me the method to remove singletons and Shanon and ChaoI analysis.
Relevant answer
Answer
Thanks Rajal,
I did it.
  • asked a question related to Regional
Question
11 answers
I would like to identify the heterochromatin region from MNase-seq (Used to locate nucleosome occupied region).
Is there any analysis strategy to get it?
Or any experimental way out?
Thanks
Kumar
Relevant answer
Answer
A quick recipe using Linux Shell and BEDtools. Personally I much prefer R and GenomicRanges for this workflow, but this R-based method is not the place to start for newbies.
I've left some of the technical detail out as it's a chance to teach yourself some basic bioinformatics. Step 15 is most important!
Recipe:
2) Select 'Mapping and Sequencing' group, 'Chromosome Band' track and 'cytoBand' table.
3) Select 'All fields from selected table' as the output format.
4) Save the output as 'cytoBand.txt'
5) Now select 'BED' as the output format.
6) Save the output as 'cytoBand.bed'
7) Get your hands on a Linux based (or maybe MacOSX) workstation (seriously, don't try and do bioinformatics with Windows! It's like trying to tie shoelaces with one hand, while hopping).
8) Filter the table using shell commands on the gieStain column using grep and file redirection. e.g. for gneg only rows, "cat cytoBand.txt | grep gneg$ > cytoBand_gneg.txt"
9) Convert the file to a legal BED file using the shell 'cut' command (http://www.thegeekstuff.com/2013/06/cut-command-examples/) or write a Perl or Python script.
10) Check your new file looks much like the original BED file you downloaded (except with less rows).
11) Download BEDtools, https://github.com/arq5x/bedtools2
12) Learn about how to intersect your BAM file with the BED file here: http://bedtools.readthedocs.org/en/latest/
13) Create subset BAM files using BEDtools.
14) Save scripts, logs and document your work for the sake of reproducible research!
15) Teach your new bioinformatics skills to other lab peeps!!
  • asked a question related to Regional
Question
3 answers
It doesn't matter if the amount of ozone is of whole column or only a layer, but how much it should be that ultraviolet absorption happens and it will not affect the mankind?
Relevant answer
Answer
Yes, I imagine that the recommended dose take in account a defined (low) probability of cancer as the lower limit. These considerations show that the answer is not simple, but could be calculated if you have the patience to collect all the data and to implement the formulations.
  • asked a question related to Regional
Question
12 answers
I would like to ask on a model or recent method suitable for measuring and mapping soil fertility in different sites.
Relevant answer
Answer
First of all, assessment of the soil fertility is very complex due to the different soil properties involved on that (physical, chemical and biological soil properties). However, the main focus in soil fertility is to manage the nutrient status and you can work based on that. For example you can use Fuzzy Logic Models for modeling soil fertility classes. A good literature about the different models that you can use is “Environmental soil-landscape modeling” edited by Sabine Grunwald.
  • asked a question related to Regional
Question
5 answers
I am studying HCV and factors affecting treatment response. There are several known host SNPs significantly important in HCV clearance and treatment response. I wanted to analyze what effect has an SNP on the structure and function of related genes and find any possible explanation for their effect. later on I wanted to link them to signalling pathways involved. After initial study of the few of the SNPs, I am unable to build a pipeline for this. As many of them are in intonic regions, which are not related to regulatory regions (known), no splice sites variation or promoters etc. etc. It has confused me a lot and in that confusion I am stuck. Can anyone guide me a little for starters?
Relevant answer
Answer
I have had some experience looking at the possible functional effects of intronic SNPs and there are a number of things I would recommend. Some of these are, however, quite time consuming if you had a large number of different SNPs, I had a total of 10. 
The first thing I would recommend is using the ENCODE track on the UCSC genome browser to see if the region your SNPs are located in is a putative regulatory region, as previously mentioned in the answers it is then difficult to ascertain whether these regions are having a direct effect on the gene of interest due to the long range some of these mutations can have. 
Another thing to look at would be transcription factor binding sites using online programs such as Alibaba2.1  http://www.gene-regulation.com/pub/programs/alibaba2/index.html and determine whether the presence of your variants changes the TFBS located in that area or PROMO http://alggen.lsi.upc.es/cgi-bin/promo_v3/promo/promoinit.cgi?dirDB=TF_8.3 . You should be aware that similar to software which determine SNP characteristics such as Polyphen2 and SIFT, these can return different results as they measure different things.
For mRNA structure analysis there are multiple different software available online were you can determine the free energy of the different mRNA structure of the wildtype versus the mutated. Again this would be beyond your scope if you had a very large number of variants.
I would further add to the last comment and make the suggestion of conducting some wet lab experiments to determine the roles of the variants.
  • asked a question related to Regional
Question
6 answers
Say for a 1 MB region, i want to mask the exons and repeats (simple and interspersed) that are present in my specified region .Is there any tool available that can perform this task i.e. masking the exons and repeats at same time ???
Relevant answer
Answer
I think and I just checked that out that RepeatMasker is only useful to mask repeats and  low complexity sequences. In order to mask exons, one should choose the organism under study (I guess human) that could be done with Ensembl/BioMart, for  instance, and select for exons of all genes, then use this to mask your sequence. Good luck.
  • asked a question related to Regional
Question
5 answers
Hello everyone. I am looking for a good way to analyse chromatograms with double peaks for the ITS region of scleractinian corals. I have been using some web-based programs but are not easy to use. Any suggestions to get the haplotypes???
Relevant answer
Answer
Hi David, thenk ou so much for the document.
Viele Gruesse, saludos
Sebastián
  • asked a question related to Regional
Question
2 answers
trying to amplify ~1 kb of GC rich fragment,but getting multiple bands
Relevant answer
Answer
For amplification of GC rich Region, it is necessary for adding some other chemicals in your PCR mix.
You can use in-house magic enhancer made of betaine (Sigma), DMSO, DTT and BSA. It works great. Try using Various concentration of enhancer in your PCR mix to find the optimum concentratikon that gives you best result and from there proceed onwards.
Also by  additon of 5% glycero to the reaction and lowering the annealing temperature will help you amplify the GC rich region.
If you used DMSO or betaine you must add additional volume of polymerase because of these additive inhibits some of the enzyme activity.