Reasoning - Science topic

I'm not quite sure what you mean by right side of history as the phrase was originally conceived to underwrite new concepts or new forms of totalitarianism, especially representing Russia and China.

Hello David Schad

Rac1 was originally identified in 1989 in human platelets as a substrate of the botulinum toxin from which its name derives as Ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate.

Please refer to the article attached below for more information.

Rac1 belongs to the Rho family of small guanosine triphosphatases (GTPases) and is ubiquitously expressed. It exists in two conformational states, an inactive GDP-bound form and an active GTP-bound form. The transition from one form to another occurs upon stimuli and depends on GTPase-activating proteins (GAPs), which inactivate Rac1, and guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs), which convert Rac1 to its active form.

Rac1 has diverse and broad cellular functions. It serves as a conformational switch in several signal transduction pathways. One of its primary functions identified, far away the most characterized, is the regulation of actin cytoskeleton organization and dynamics, in the migratory structures such as filopodia and lamellipodia. Other functions include the role in cell polarity, gene expression, cell-cycle progression, and cell survival.

You may want to refer to the article attached below.

Best.

Dear Eduard Babulak Please consider this as a partial answer,

it is a warning from the greatest intellecual of the present

time, I'd like to include it in my stochastic model, our

civilisation is going through a decisive moment with this

merciless struggle between powers having no scruples about the

decline of humanity:

Chomsky: The Russia-Ukraine War. If you think about it just

from a practical point of view, it's kind of sadistic,

but people are in fact talking about it to bargain for the

United States that a small fraction of the huge military budget

the United States is severely degrading the military forces of

its main military enemy. That's being openly discussed now in

the United States, and Britain pointing this out. It's pretty

obvious whether that's a factor or not you can debate, but it's

certainly a fact. The United States, in fact, if you look around,

almost the entire world is suffering from this. Ukraine most

but Africa, Asia, and curtailment of food and fertilizer

shipments are having a big effect. Europe is declining even

moving towards industrialization because of its breaking of

its natural trade commercial relations with Russia. The whole

German-based very successful European industrial system

was based on interactions with the East and Russia. Russia

doesn't have much of an economy, it's about the size of Mexico,

but it's very rich in resources, minerals and oil. All the

essentials for West European industry are collapsing. All over

the world decline, one exception, the US is doing brilliantly.

It's degrading the forces of its enemy at very low cost,

fossil fuel companies are just euphoric with the huge profits

that come. Germany's importing the quad national grass from

the United States and far higher costs and it could get cheaply

from Russia and arms manufacturers they're doing great. Food

monopolies there's food. The Global Food system is half a

dozen companies raising prices, profits going through this roof,

it's very successful in many ways. Now, how long will Europe

agree to accept this? I don't know, we do know what's happening

in the global Zone. 10 The refusal of many countries to

participate in the United States' efforts to isolate Russia and

China has become very dramatic. This was highlighted at an

international conference in Munich a couple of weeks ago. The

United States Vice President Harris and other representatives

were desperately trying to get the countries of the South to

join the United States in the world. However, one after another,

they refused, saying, "Mother's your world, we don't pay any

attention to your hypocritical proclamations. We know exactly

what they mean. We've suffered from your savagery for centuries.

Stop lecturing to us. We're not going to take part in this.

We're going to make our own regulation on our commercial and

other religion arrangements with Russia and particularly with

China. You don't like it too bad." Even long-time U.S allies

like Colombia simply flatly refused. Brazil said, "That's not

our woman." While it is unknown what Mexico said, it was

probably something similar. Asia, India, Indonesia said,

"I'm sorry. We continue in our own way."

Conflict_Resolution_chaos_control_modeling_and_simulation_

unexpected_validation

I summarize what I realized:

If you confirm these steps we should think that the problem is not in Giemsa but in the preparation of the samples. What are the samples? If they’re metaphases, how did you get them?

@all The inability of Thalassiosira weissflogii microalgae to grow on agar plates with F2+Si medium, despite successful growth in a liquid starter culture indoors, could be due to several factors. Let's explore some possible reasons and potential solutions:

Remember that microalgae cultivation can be sensitive, and troubleshooting may involve several iterations to pinpoint the exact issue. Careful attention to the factors mentioned above and patience in experimenting with different conditions should help you successfully culture Thalassiosira weissflogii on agar plates with F2+Si medium.

Suggest reviewing the following paper:

UTI

Thank you, Faheem Uddin Syed for your suggestion. But my data is not facing any such issue.

I suggest reviewing the following paper:

Kiran Ishwar Nargatti Sensitivity is the value by which the instrument senses the current. You have current in mA. The system will not sense it and will give a flat line unless you change it to 1e-3 and in some cases when 1e-1.

Dear Hamed Sadaghian

To model reinforced 3D-printed concrete, use Finite Element Analysis (FEA) software like Abaqus or ANSYS, employ constitutive models for concrete behavior, and simulate the printing process with Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) software. Specialized FEA modules handle reinforcement, and fracture mechanics techniques predict crack behavior.

Marco Pereira "I don't want the author of the model to be the judge of my critique."

Now I understand. You are not interested in an open factual discussion. The concept of force field energy density seems to be in contradiction to your work. Therefor you see this concept as something which sheds a bad light on your work.

But look, it is a concept, a way to understand nature. You cannot enforce that a concept must be abandoned. Your only option is to refute it by factual arguments. There is no legal way to prohibit publishing that concept.

You better should find a way correcting your own work and make it compatible to the concept of energy density in force fields.

Following such a way could be painful and enforce rethinking about claims you might already had considered of being sure. But this is the only way to avoid the loss of reputation.

Hi Vinith,

Do you have an SEM image of the spikes? What does it look like? That will help me give specific comments.

But I think controlling humidity is a good idea. In other words, run your recipe at a low humidity level. That will help overcome beads in fibers. Good luck!

Global feminist movement encounters a range of formidable obstacles that impede its progress. Cultural and religious norms often act as powerful barriers, with deeply ingrained traditions and beliefs framing gender equality as a challenge to established cultural values. Resistance and backlash from individuals and institutions threatened by feminist gains are common, manifesting through online harassment and legal constraints. A critical issue lies in the recognition and inclusion of intersectionality, acknowledging that gender intersects with race, class, sexuality, and disability, among other factors. Neglecting this aspect can lead to the exclusion of marginalized voices within the feminist movement. Furthermore, political opposition from governments that actively restrict feminist activities or funding poses a substantial challenge, limiting the resources available to feminist organizations and hindering their advocacy efforts. Economic disparities, including the persistent gender pay gap and financial inequities, further compound these challenges. In navigating these obstacles, the global feminist movement must remain resilient, adaptable, and committed to addressing these complex issues to advance gender equality worldwide.

I'm not an expert in intestinal organoids, and its hard to see in the pictures, but could there be a contamination?Or could the media components be expired or stored wrong? Usually they are only good for 2 weeks in the fridge.

I agree in 100% with Gerhard!

Alfred

It is better to design AMCs which have S11 values nearly equals to 1 or 0 dB. AMCs are widely used for the design of metasurfaces. Their application areas are not limited to gain enhancement only.

Corning® Matrigel® matrix for organoid culture (Cat. No. 356255) is a kind of growth factor reduced Matrigel matrix which is recommended for organoid culture. Matrigel matrix for organoid culture is pre-screened to support the organoid application and minimizes variability across different lots. It has been verified to support mouse intestinal organoid growth for more than seven passages with typical budding morphology and marker expression. It has also been verified to support polarized 3D structures of primary human airway epithelial cells expressing typical markers. Additionally, each lot is measured for its elastic modulus indicative of gel stiffness and is qualified to form stable “3D domes” commonly used in organoid culture protocols.

A normal Matrigel matrix, usually referred to as Matrigel basement membrane matrix (Cat. No. 354234), is not growth factor reduced which contains higher GF concentrations than Matrigel matrix for organoid culture. Matrigel basement membrane matrix is recommended in general cell culture and vessel coating.

Both products might vary lot-to-lot when being used in iPSC culture. The most stable performance in iPSC culture is brought by hESC-qualified Matrigel matrix (Cat. No. 354277). hESC-qualified Matrigel matrix is recommended for culture of hESC, stem cells, and iPSC.

The reason for such breaks is the movement of monsoon trough. The monsoon trough moves periodically to the north or south from its actual position. When the trough moves towards the north and settle close to the Himalayas, then a change in the rainfall pattern occurs. The break in the monsoon is a complex phenomenon caused by the shifting of the monsoon trough, an area of low pressure that develops due to intense solar insolation over northwest India. While it causes heavy floods in one part, it may be responsible for droughts in the other. It is often irregular in its arrival and its retreat. Hence, it sometimes disturbs the farming schedule of millions of farmers all over the country. The spectacular arrival of monsoon winds at the end of the summer season is called 'Burst of monsoon'. Burst of monsoon is a phenomenon in which there is a sudden change in weather condition from hot and dry weather to wet and humid climate characterized by rainfall. A Monsoon Break occurs when there are few or no rains for a few days during the rainy season. The seasonal reversal in wind direction during a year is called monsoon. Monsoon tends to have 'breaks' in rainfall; which means that there are wet and dry spells in between. The monsoon rains take place only for a few days at a time and then come the rainless intervals. Burst of Monsoon occurs when it rains constantly for many days. In the Burst of monsoon, the intensity of rainfall is very high. In case of Break of monsoon, the intensity of rainfall is mild. There is continuous rainfall and also heavy intensity. There are breaks in rainfall, and it is not continuous and there is a combination of both dry and wet. The monsoon rain is unevenly distributed over India because most parts of India receive relief rainfall; therefore windward sides always receive more rainfall than the leeward side. This unevenness or asymmetry in rainfall patterns has certain impacts: Areas with little precipitation can lead to drought, while areas with prolonged heavy downpours can lead to floods. This irregularity in rainfall distribution all over the world is known as uneven rainfall.

Dr. Kadim,

Do a CHN analysis and an Atomic Absorption for the Ag.

An EU Directive ( or even a Regulation) would first have to be adopted by the majority of Member States (MS) of EU according to the procedure. Each country has a vote according to it size. So 3 big MS against and the measure would not even proposed since neither the Commission nor MS want to waste time and effort. In any case you raise an issue of industrial policy where MS have positions which reflect where they have long held policies in this area depending on whether they have or have access to cheap energy or not. Can or Would the European Parliament adopt a Motion requesting the Council and Commission to adopt the measures that you are keen on? It would be a first!

Dear Chathurangani,

as Michael already pointed out, the measurement of M2 needs the profile in multiple planes of the beam caustic. As the product of beam waist and far field divergence (hence the name "beam parameter product"), both regions have to be measured, typically at at least 10 positions. The details can be found in the ISO standard 11146 and is implemented in the LDS.

Regarding the question of which plane to look at, it depends a bit on what your interested in. But yes, as already mentioned, a fundamental TEM00 (gaussian) mode would be shape-invariant (just scaling) along the propagation. By the way, pure higher TEM modes are also shape-invariant, although with a higher M2 value.

Best

Andreas

Greetings and courtesy

Thank you for your attention, love and guidance

When we examine an event over time.

There is no crime, no specific location.

Like taking a photo with an open aperture camera.

We only see waves.

Graviton has a meaning over time, like the curvature of space and time.

Space and time are objects to identify our position. They do not exist in reality.

The truth is only in our mind. A set of pulses that are fired on a mathematical basis.

In your language (hello) is a different word in my language. But in terms of pulse and storage location in the brain, they are completely similar.

From our point of view, the world is not perfect. Because we are not perfect beings. Our only tool is mathematics, not physics.

Time must be removed from physics equations. The truth lies only in mathematics.

In the quantum world, there is no time for objects. What is the lifetime of an electron?

Of course, this view is only a point of view.

Forgive my boldness.

Yours sincerely

Okay

It should be recognized that regardless of whether it is small or large is part of any relationship, and therefore it does not matter so much what the difference is but the way it is contained. And then bypassing the idea of ​​the party being wrong and moving to the idea of ​​learning from the goal and creating a new concept that combines disparate rules and values ​​fairly.

Dr Ibrahim Sufiyan thank you for your contribution to the discussion

Dr Murtadha Shukur thank you for your contribution to the discussion

Thank you Ms. Negin Naghibi for your answer. I shall ensure the efficiency of the PEM and electrodes, as well as their pretreatment methods.

Dr Karthick Raj AG thank you for your contribution to the discussion

Due to absorption of moisture or atmospheric gas(s), Oxidation.

Dear Nidhi Chaubey

The square notch you mentioned might be providing a stress concentration that leads to accelerated crack propagation. If the square notch geometry creates a more severe stress concentration compared to other notch shapes, the crack might propagate more rapidly.

Prakash Yadav

Your response 'Powders were placed onto the SEM stub after ensuring the samples were thoroughly dried' is confusing. I'm trying to figure out whether your difficulties lie in the starting material (is it a suspension or powder?) itself or the sample preparation for SEM. As others have indicated a drying stage (either prior to or during the evacuation stage in SEM) is likely be responsible. I agree with Vladimir Dusevich that 'Cracks are the least of your problems'. If you had a genuine 'nano' system (100% < 100 nm) and prepared the sample correctly then you should be able to observe separate, discrete, independent particles < 100 nm. At the least you would be showing an aggregation of such particles if this aggregation occurred in the sample preparation stage.

You mean a string with both ends tied up? Or a rubber band?

In the first case the perimeter is constant.

I agree. Men are sexual. Women are emotional. That means that women are not aroused with a lover and not having orgasms. Hence why they are sexually passive and why we think that women should orgasm from the stimulation that men provide. But orgasm depends on the mental arousal of the person having the orgasm. Not their partner's arousal.

Placing the puro (puromycin resistance) gene within the intron of the donor vector serves as a selectable marker for identifying successfully edited cells. The puro gene confers resistance to the antibiotic puromycin. After introducing the donor vector into target cells, you can apply puromycin selection. Only cells that have successfully integrated the donor template through HDR, along with the puro gene, will survive the selection process. This allows for the enrichment of cells with accurate gene edits and increases the likelihood of obtaining a homogeneous population of edited cells.

I also have a similar trouble/(ㄒoㄒ)/~~

Have you figure out why?

Could it be glycosylated? If there is N-linked glycosylation, treating with PNGase F to remove it should result in the protein migrating at the expected mol. wt. for the polypeptide.

I disagree, the marker looks fine, the image just does not have a high resolution and therefore looks grainy. Yes, there are some smudges on the gel, but this - as we all know - sometimes happens. Just load less PCR product and you will see a sharper band.

Vivek Shukla, May be by the following reasons--

i) For the larger shift towards 2Theta is due to sample displacement.

ii) For the throughout constant 2Theta is a misalignment in the system.

iii) For the other cases, it is related to the sample 2Theta.

iv) For the shift towards right is due to expansion of the lattice. May by stress, substitution elements or non-stoichiometric phase.

v) The shift to right (higher 2Theta) shows lattice contraction, while a shift to left (low 2Theta) is due to the expansion in the lattice.

Ok so you digested the commercial vector with the gene in it. And ran it on a gel.

did you get a band showing the digestion worked? The undigested form is circular and will have multiple bands due to coiling. The digested form should have 2 bands, both different from the undigested, one showing the backbone and one showing the gene you cut out with the endonucleases. Or if you only used one enzyme, you will have one band in the digested lane.

If you used two nucleases and thus expect two bands after digestion, and got none, something went wrong with your loading of the gel or your digestion because there is no DNA. If you used two nucleases and got one band - and it is the expected size of the backbone minus the gene, but you have no gene band - this is unusual. It might mean that there was no insert in the backbone. So what you cut out with the nucleases is a very small segment of the multiple cloning site of an empty plasmid, and that segment has run all the way off the gel. OR it means that your plasmid was a mixture of empty backbone and the desired plasmid, the plasmid with the gene in it - and the proportion was something like 95% empty plasmid, 5% plasmid with gene, so the band for the gene is much more faint than the band for the backbone, and to see it you should use a GBOX and turn up the exposure.

Ok - when you first used this plasmid, you got it from a company, and do you just PCR the plasmid straight from the commercial tube to check the gene was there and then transfect cells and do colony PCR on those? and then just assume the plasmid was pure? or did you then do mini prep with a positive colony, and sequence the resultant plasmid, to make sure you have a pure stock?

Because if you did not do the mini prep and have just been using the original plasmid shipped to you, it might be a mixture of empty backbone and desired plasmid.

im guessing you repeated the transformation the second time and did colony PCR and got nothing - might just be a bad transformation?

Did you then PCR the plasmid?

if you didn’t, do that. If you have a band, your transformation was bad.

if you did, which I assume you probably did, and got no band for your plasmid stock from the company, then what might’ve happened is

the plasmid you got was a mixture of empty backbone and plasmid with gene. When you did the first transformation, you got lucky and got a bunch of the plasmid with the gene in the portion of the stock you aliquoted for that.

now your stock has gone from 95% empty and 5% gene to 99% empty and 1% gene. So your chances of a good transformation are lower

Do your primers bind the backbone around the insert or do they bind the gene? If they bind the backbone, and you did this PCR on the plasmid stock and got no band, the empty vector is outcompeting the one with the gene. try turning up the exposure on the GBOX, you might have a faint gene band. Or it’s outcompeting it so much there is no band. You need primers that amplify only the gene to confirm some plasmids have it.

if the primers bind within the gene and you’re getting nothing, your plasmid stock is a bunch of empty vector.

I recommend, if it turns out the stock is a mixture, you do a transformation and do mini prep to get a pure stock.

It will be ok. Best of luck. Cloning can be confusing. You’re going to figure it out and then you’ll be able to help the next person who has this problem.

Hello Emma did you find a new provider, a replacement of the Nicrome wire?

I'm using the #761500 and the same that you described it happening to me.

thank you!

Decrease in moisture content and lipid modification that can be caused by heat.

I recommend article doi: 10.1111/jtxs.12456, there is more about crispness.

Yes, Chemical fertilizers may have environment Effect. Excessive use of fertilizers and pesticides in agricultural fields mainly leads to the degradation of soil quality. Synthetic fertilizers and pesticides introduce very harmful compounds into the environment, contaminating soil, air, surface and underground water. The chemicals do not evaporate easily so they remain in the water system eventually precipitating out as mud in the rivers. Thus, pollution is created. Fertilizers are rich in nitrogen and phosphorus which are source of nutrient pollution. When it's raining chemicals in the fertilizers are flew into water.

But chemical fertilizers are our compulsion because growing population increasing demand. The Nano fertilizers, bio fertilizers are the solution for that but it will take time. We have to increase their production.

Yes, Chemical fertilizers may have environment Effect. Excessive use of fertilizers and pesticides in agricultural fields mainly leads to the degradation of soil quality. Synthetic fertilizers and pesticides introduce very harmful compounds into the environment, contaminating soil, air, surface and underground water. The chemicals do not evaporate easily so they remain in the water system eventually precipitating out as mud in the rivers. Thus, pollution is created. Fertilizers are rich in nitrogen and phosphorus which are source of nutrient pollution. When it's raining chemicals in the fertilizers are flew into water.

But chemical fertilizers are our compulsion because growing population increasing demand. The Nano fertilizers, bio fertilizers are the solution for that but it will take time. We have to increase their production.

https://www.researchgate.net/publication/353260539_Nano_Urea_the_Philosophy_of_Future?

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The protein in 8M urea is most likely denatured. When the urea is removed quickly, the protein may aggregate and precipitate. This may be why your see a loss of protein.

The usual way to renature urea-denatured protein by dialysis is by a more gradual process, dialyzing against decreasing concentrations of urea in several steps. It is also helpful to keep the protein concentration as low as feasible to reduce aggregation.

It is unlikely that all of the protein will be recovered in soluble form even with the more gradual process, and some of the soluble protein that is recovered will probably be aggregated. The refolded, reconcentrated protein should be subjected to gel filtration chromatography or sucrose gradient centrifugation to purify the monomer (or physiologically relevant oligomer) from the aggregate.

A good textbook that covers semi-structured interviewing, is Rubin & Rubin, Qualitative Interviewing: The Art of Hearing Data.

thanks, Dr Ibrahim, but I still cant see my department work as I used to do

Hello, Ms Rawat

You can see the following articles:

Samir Abdulamir Al Jumaily

Length. "“UNESCO” is just too long to spell out each time: six syllables vs three syllables. "VIP" spelled out probably just stuck because it was already short enough. However, that's probably also for the better, since some people might pronounce "VIP" as "veep", which has a different meaning.

The impact factor is always calculated with respect to the previous two years, so if a journal has a "bad year" citationwise, the impact will resemble that.

One possibility is that it is MgCO3 that is being precipitated with the carbonate being supplied from CO2 in the air. Are you using distilled or tap water?

The Information Technology (IT) Act of 2000 was the governing law in India for electronic governance and cyber-related activities as of my most recent knowledge update in September 2021. The Information Technology Act was last revised in 2008, and no new IT Act was passed in 2011. As a result, the data I present here is based on the IT Act of 2000 and its revisions to the conclusion of the fiscal year in September 2021.

Unauthorized access, download, or publication of personal or clinical data may constitute cybercrimes under the IT Act of 2000. The following clauses of the IT Act address improper data handling:

Penalties for illegally accessing, downloading from, destroying, disrupting, or modifying computer systems, computer networks, or data are discussed in Section 43. A violation of this provision may have occurred if someone gained unauthorized access to protected health information or other personally identifiable information.

Computer crimes, including as hacking with the goal to cause unjust loss or damage to the public or any person, are addressed in Section 66. This provision may apply if there has been a breach of confidentiality involving sensitive medical or personal information.

Disclosure of information in violation of a legitimate contract is punishable under Section 72A. This clause establishes liability for the disclosure of protected health information or personally identifiable information in violation of a legitimate contract or agreement.

Penalties for disclosure of private information are discussed in Section 72 of this document. In their official function as a service provider or intermediary, anyone with access to personal or clinical data could be penalized under this provision if they disclosed such data without authorization.

It is important to remember, however, that the legitimacy of a request for medical or private information is conditional on the circumstances surrounding such inquiry. For treatment, study, or public health efforts, for instance, medical personnel or researchers may legally and ethically seek personal or clinical data from patients. In such a scenario, the data's privacy and confidentiality must be protected through the use of appropriate consent and protections.

More can be written/explained but because of space constraints i have written as much as possible.

Hi!

Making changes aruond RBS should be made with great caution.

What will affect:

1. SD-antiSD complementarity

2. SD-ATG distance (typically 5-7nt)

3. AT-rich site slightly upstream of RBS.

4. Sequence of spacer between RBS and ATG.

Digital twin technology is becoming more widespread. According to Deloitte study, the global market for digital twins is expected to grow with 38% CAGR to reach $16 billion by 2023,

Sirvan Abbasbeigi Thank you sir..

in human there are 2 copies of chromosomes...

fred

David J Daegling oddly it seems to be missing nearly all the sesamoid bones!

Hi Arisa Furutani

Please go through the following articles discussing in detail how evolution lead to changes in cognition and memory.

1.

2.

Thanks,

Most older adults who have financial and social resources can avoid long term residential care for quite a while, while those without family or spouse support and with less ability to pay for in-home help may land in a nursing home sooner. Cognitive abilities factor largely - someone with physical frailty who is clear of mind can stay at home with supports much longer than someone who loses the ability to remember basic things and loses normal judgement about dangers, etc. Thus, various dementias are a huge reason that people need to be admitted to care facilities. Reasons for admission other than cognitive ones include falls and breaking bones, especially hips, but other bones as well, that suddenly render the person dependent on others for ADLs, or stroke, which likewise debilitates many older adults. And families which happily care for older people in their own home or the family's home can be challenged by incontinence in combination with frailty or with cognitive impairment. That often figures into a family's need to place someone. Finally, at the end of life, people at very advanced ages who have thus far been in fairly good shape cognitively and physically can become so frail and rather ill from old age (in the mid-90s or beyond) that a nursing home setting becomes a comfort to the person and any family for caring for that person's needs in the final months or weeks. Certainly, there will be research reporting particulars about these factors that can be searched. Good luck!

Noel W Davies In case piperine is in salt form then how to dissolve it?

Comprehension of what they are reading is a basic skill that needs to be taught from the beginning of the child's schooling. Lack of knowledge of the importance of reading has created a problem in understanding what they read. This has affected the learners' overall performance as they find it difficult to comprehend what they are learning in mathematics, science, and other subjects. As educators, we need to ensure that reading is taught to develop their listening skills, thinking skills, comprehension skills, and speaking skills and to apply the skills learned in their daily lives whenever they do mathematics, science, and social science or in form whenever they interact.

In the IRF, the bump is common. These bumps are called afterpulses. The bumps are caused by regular photoelectrons that are scattered at the first dynode of a PMT or at the front face of the channel plate of an MCP PMT, and re-enter the amplification system with a delay of a few picoseconds or nanosec. The difference compared to true afterpulses is that such scattered photoelectrons are not related to a previously detected photon. They are thus recorded and, because they are delayed, cause said bumps in the IRF.

Hello Berhanu Negese Kebede. The bivariate (or univariable) screening you describe is not recommended, because it is known to produce over-fitted models. See Mike Babyak's nice 2004 article on over-fitting, for example. And see the datamethods.org checklist section on multivariable models. HTH.

Could be a bubble stuck in the conductivity meter.

Hi Mat! I hope that all is well.

I use NR to solve sets of discretised nonlinear equations all the time. The first type of problem that I used the method on were nonsimilar boundary layer equations where I used the Keller-box method. More recently I've solved a set of equations for what are, in essence, Fourier coefficients. This system is very highly nonlinear.

In both cases (and others) the Jacobian matrix is computed within the code rather than specified by the programmer.

It may be necessary for some applications to solve each NR iteration using a block tridiagonal solver.

I don't mess around with Matlab for this. Good old-fashioned Fortran works very well for me.

I will say that, once you've cracked it you'll be dancing. So yes, persevere!