Reading Comprehension - Science topic

Emotional engagement is a core facet of overall engagement, influencing our involvement in every task, as our actions inherently evoke emotional responses. With the growing integration of technology in education, it has become more feasible to combine technological devices like eye trackers and artificial intelligence (AI) to gain deeper insights i...

Being labeled as the lingua franca since the late 19th century, learning English has been a Herculean task for many people around the world. Among these is the case of less proficient speakers who invest a lot of time and energy in the classroom context, yet, they are faced with a plethora of problems, especially in the case of reading, as they are...

Purpose: The present research evaluated the effectiveness of the case study method as a learning strategy to improve reading comprehension in elementary school students. The case study is a strategy that involves the analysis and resolution of real and hypothetical problems, which allows students to develop critical and reflective skills. Theoretic...

With the increasing integration of AI in education, the use of AI-generated summaries to enhance language acquisition has garnered attention. This study examines the impact of AI-generated summaries on reading comprehension among Chinese college students learning English as a Foreign Language (EFL). The research aims to determine whether AI-generat...

Despite past efforts to investigate how students' interactions with digital devices shape their digital reading comprehension skills, we still need more knowledge about struggling readers in digital reading contexts. Previous research has shown that digital reading comprehension is negatively associated with general digital device usage and positiv...

In the final chapter of this book, good practices from three countries that participated in IEA’s Progress in International Reading Literacy Study (PIRLS) are highlighted. One school from each country presents how their teachers work on teaching reading comprehension for digital texts. The description of the school’s teaching of reading comprehensi...

This chapter aims to provide teachers with a brief overview of the current research on what digital reading entails, the differences between print-based reading and on-screen reading, and what skills are required for digital reading. This chapter will serve as a frame of reference for the rest of the book. Reading comprehension is, in essence, the...

This chapter explores the challenges faced by teachers in teaching reading comprehension in the context of digital reading. Additionally, we discuss how to incorporate the skills and knowledge required for paper-based reading into digital reading. Based on scientific insights, six key didactic principles for teaching the reading comprehension of di...

The aim of this study was to determine the challenges, interventions, and needs of the reading specialists with their struggling readers. A transcendental phenomenological study was used to explore 11 reading specialists' collective experiences with their struggling readers during the School Year 2022-2023 at Baganga National High School. The readi...

This chapter uses a digital text from the fifth cycle of IEA’s 2021 Progress in International Reading Literacy Study (PIRLS) to provide further insight into the reading comprehension of digital texts, using the four comprehension processes described in the PIRLS 2026 assessment framework (see Chap. 1). The specific reading skills, vocabulary, and p...

Esta investigación tiene como objetivo analizar las estrategias de comprensión lectora implementadas por los docentes en estudiantes de básica media, con el propósito de comprender el desarrollo de habilidades de lectura crítica y reflexiva en los estudiantes. Para llevarla a cabo, se empleó un enfoque cualitativo de alcance descriptivo, utilizando...

Reading is a critical skill in language acquisition involving various cognitive and linguistic processes. A good size of vocabulary is required for reading comprehension. However, language learners have been reported to face challenges in grasping unfamiliar words. Recent technological advances might assist learners in language learning in this reg...

This study examines the influence of parental involvement on literacy development in Philippine elementary education. Parental engagement is considered a vital factor in the academic success of children, particularly in the early stages of literacy development. The research highlights the different dimensions of parental involvement, such as partic...

The integration of digital learning tools in education has transformed the traditional methods of teaching, offering innovative strategies to enhance literacy skills among elementary learners. This study examines the impact of digital learning tools on the literacy development of elementary students in Philippine schools. Employing a mixed-methods...

This paper aims to discuss the role of language development in the early childhood stage and how it supports children to express their own beliefs, thoughts, emotions, and perceptions about anything, as well as to understand those of others. This ability to understand their own and other’s mental state is what we call children's theory of mind (ToM...

Classroom lighting, when set to high luminous (lx) and cooler correlated color temperature (CCT) conditions, can increase student focus, concentration, and oral reading fluency (Mott et al., 2012; 2014). However, when illuminance is too high and color temperature is too cool, irritating and adverse effects can occur such as visual fatigue and eyest...

Conceptual knowledge goal (CKG) is a typical component of outcome-based learning. However, the contribution of CKG to poor readers’ reading comprehension development remains unclear. Following the suggestion of the Simple View of Reading theory for the poor reader category, the current study recruited 90 poor decoders (PD), 76 poor comprehenders (P...

Through a survey study at the National University of Cheasim Kamchaymear, this thesis investigates the motivation of Cambodian students to read English. Employing a quantitative approach, the research aimed to assess the factors of motivation that promote students’ reading comprehension, the way that those factors of motivation promote students’ re...

Background: Low levels of reading comprehension have remained persistent in South America, as evidenced by third-grade results from the ERCE. A deeper understanding of the underlying reading subprocesses is essential to addressing reading comprehension lags in the region. Methods: We conducted a diagnostic study to assess the reading skills of a re...

The chapter theorizes text analysis as a reading practice and strategy within a Vygotskyan and Systemic-Functional Linguistics (SFL) framework. It presents a practical description of how to use a discursive pattern (Problem-Solution) with the framework of SFL's Reading to Learn method to teach readers to identify crucial parts of research papers: t...

This study investigates the impact of the uncanny valley (UV) phenomenon, originally introduced by Masahiro Mori in 1970, on reading comprehension among Turkish secondary school students using interactive e-books. The UV concept describes the discomfort people experience when encountering entities that appear almost human but have unnatural feature...

This study evaluated the feasibility of the Knowledge, Language, and Inquiry (K.L.I.) intervention, designed to support Grades 3–5 multilingual students classified as English learners (ML-ELs) in building content knowledge, language skills, and reading comprehension through inquiry-based small-group instruction. Feasibility was examined across five...

Background Emerging evidence suggests environmental factors, such as chronic pesticide exposure, may influence cognitive functioning, yet research in this area remains limited, particularly in rural Indian settings. Our objective was to investigate the potential link between pesticide exposure and cognitive performance in an aging population from r...

This research was due to the problems that were found in SMPN 1 Ampek Angkek. The problems that were found were that students had difficulty in understanding the text, lack of vocabulary, and students were slow reader. Furthermore, the researcher also found that students who read slow scored higher than the students who read fast in reading compreh...

Students often need help with reading comprehension, understanding, and retaining the meaning of the text. Overcoming reading difficulties involves teaching learners metacognitive strategies for effective reading. Metacognitive reading strategies enable readers to engage more actively with the material, improving comprehension, retention, and criti...

Este artigo traz um recorte da minha dissertação de mestrado “Leitores em (trans)formação: a crítica ao patriarcado em contos de Marina Colasanti”, em que se investigou a contribuição do ensino de literatura e suas interfaces frente à cultura do patriarcado, visando à formação do leitor crítico, por meio da recepção e análise de contos colasantiano...

Electronic Medical Record (EMR) has been widely utilized in disease prevention, clinical diagnosis and scientific research. EMR mining based on Named Entity Recognition (NER) has become a research hotspot in the healthcare field. However, NER faces challenges of poor context modeling ability and severe entity nesting. In order to deal with the abov...

English Proficiency Certification (EF SET) I have successfully achieved a B2 Upper Intermediate level in English proficiency, with an overall score of 59/100. The EF SET certificate aligns with the Common European Framework of Reference (CEFR) for Languages. This certification reflects my ability to communicate effectively in academic and professio...

Language acquisition, reading comprehension, and teacher PD will be presented in this article to discuss how the three components can be helpful in supporting emergent bilinguals (EBs). Using children’s literature in mathematics classes could improve the performance of (EB) students. The most current research suggests students who engage more with...

This mixed-methods study investigates the impact of digital devices use at home on early English literacy development among 121 Chinese-Canadian first graders, as well as their parents’ perspectives on the families’ purposes and practices of digital devices use for English literacy, highlighting bilingual children’s experiences with multiple digita...

The advancement and development of ICT (information and communication technologies) and the rapid proliferation of social media (SM) have become indispensable trends in the process of language learning. Some studies have confirmed that WeChat, one of the most popular social media platforms in China, has played a positive role in various aspects of...

Background: Reading impairments, a common consequence of stroke-induced aphasia, significantly hinder life participation, affecting both functional and leisure activities. Traditional post-stroke rehabilitation strategies often show limited generalization beyond trained materials, underscoring the need for novel interventions targeting the underlyi...

Zusammenfassung Hintergrund: Die morphologische Bewusstheit wird insbesondere in der internationalen Forschungsliteratur als metasprachliche Kompe-tenz diskutiert, die in einem engen Zusammenhang mit schri sprachlichen Kompetenzen von Kindern steht, die opake Orthographien (z. B. Englisch) erlernen. Ziele: Die hier dokumentierte Studie versucht die...

This study aims to explore the role of student self-regulation in understanding English reading at Danul Hikmah Pekanbaru MTS. Using a quantitative research design with a correlational descriptive approach, the study involved 46 students selected through stratified random sampling techniques out of a total population of 143 students. The research i...

The purpose of this study was to determine how Sumatera Thawalib Islamic Boarding School Parabek students' reading comprehension of descriptive texts was affected by the Engage-Study-Activate (ESA) strategy. The study discovered issues like When the teacher asks the class to share their thoughts in English, the students' first intention is to remai...

Using pedagogical design capacity (PDC) as the conceptual framework, this single-case study examines how an English teacher in Hong Kong perceives and mobilizes curriculum materials to teach reading comprehension to secondary one students in two stages of implementation. Relying on data collected from semi-structured interviews, lesson observations...

Many variables reasonably influence teachers’ education. One of these considering variables is being aware of the students’ learning styles. Dörnyei (2005) maintains that individual differences correlate strongly with L2 achievements. Keefe (1979) believes that learning styles might be thought of as cognitive, affective, and physiological traits th...

This study aimed at investigating the impact of extensive reading on improving reading proficiency. The study tried to find the effect of ER on EFL student’s reading, vocabulary and grammar. The researcher designed two instruments; a program based on the extensive reading strategy and general test. Forty-one university students who study English wa...

This study attempted to test the threshold hypothesis in second/foreign language (L2) reading by investigating the relations among first language (L1) reading, L2 knowledge, and L2 reading comprehension in a sample of 2666 (1333 males and 1333 females) Korean EFL high school students. Three different methods of data analysis were utilized after clo...

Many researches have shown that different approach needed in analysing linear and non-linear reading comprehension texts and different cognitive skills are required. This research attempts to discover the relationship between Science Stream students’ reading competency on linear and non-linear texts in Malaysian University English Test (MUET) with...

The research presented here involved a one-semester study; during this period of time, reading comprehension instruction representing three major discussion-centered approaches (Book Club, BC; Literature Circles, LC; Instructional Conversations, IC) was designed and implemented. The effectiveness of the three experimental approaches and one control...

Vocabulary learning has long been considered as one of the essential components for developing language learning. However, language learners are required to not just concern about memorizing definitions but also integrating vocabulary meaning into their present knowledge. Many strategies such as direct or indirect ones may be integrated to enhance...

There are many factors that contribute to one’s ability to read effectively. Vocabulary size is one important factor that enhances reading comprehension. The purpose of the study is to examine the relationship between students’ reading comprehension skills and their vocabulary size. A total of 129 pre-university students undergoing an intensive Eng...

Metacognitive reading strategy awareness plays a significant role in reading comprehension and educational process. In spite of its importance, metacognitive strategy has long been the ignored skill in English language teaching, research, learning, and assessment. This lack of good metacognitive reading strategy skill is exacerbated by the central...

The objective of this research is to compare the English reading comprehension and motivation to read of seventh grade Thai students taught with applied instruction through the genre-based approach and teachers’ manual. A randomized pre-test post-test control group design was used through the cluster random sampling technique. The data were analyze...

This study compares the English reading comprehension and ethical awareness of 7th grade students, when using either a directed reading-thinking activity (DR-TA), or a more traditional approach, involving tales of virtue based on His Majesty the King’s teaching concepts. A randomized control group pretest-posttest design was used for the study, and...

Reading comprehension instruction has been recognized as a key factor in developing any reading and literacy program. Therefore, many attempts were devoted to improve explicit comprehension strategy instruction at different school levels and fields including EFL and ESL. Despite these efforts, explicit comprehension instruction is still drought and...

The article summarizes the results of the comparative study of Reading comprehension texts used in B2 level tests: Unified (Russia) State Exam in English (EGE) and Cambridge First Certificate in English (FCE). The research conducted was mainly focused on six parameters measured with the Coh-Metrix, a computational tool producing indices of the ling...

In the search to improve the reading comprehension of basic education students of the Juan Bautista de la Salle Educational Institution of the City of Cali-Colombia, this research was carried out with a mixed approach with a level of descriptive depth, whose objective was to design a teaching strategy to strengthen reading comprehension in basic ed...

This study highlighted the humanistic-transformational perspectives via portfolio assessment which offers a conceptual framework for teaching and assessment. More specifically, it attempted toexplore the effectof portfolioassessmenton EFL learners’reading comprehension ability and motivation in the context of Iran. It adopted the quasi-experimental...

Reading and understanding a written text is one of the most important skills in English learning.This study attempts to benchmark Year Five students’ reading abilities of fifteen rural schools in a district in Malaysia. The objectives of this study are to develop a set of standardised written reading comprehension and a set of indicators to inform...

Reading comprehension has been the main concern for second language learners and researchers. Today with rising interests towards Vygotskyan Sociocultural Theory (SCT), attempts have been made to insert Vygotskyan approach into Foreign/Second Language classrooms emphasizing the role of scaffolding and meaningful interactions to promote learners’ co...

Vocabulary learning and assessment are considered as the key basis for the training of English as a foreign language. However, it is time-consuming, uncertain and repetitious for the teachers to assess the proficiency of the students’ vocabulary storage. This paper reports the results of a study which aimed to investigate the effect of Repeating as...

This study examines the Sudanese EFL students’ comprehension performance and measures the differences in their performance according to gender. After one semester of participation in extensive reading, 300 secondary school students from 15 schools in the state of Khartoum are randomly selected for the study. A comprehension test followed by a quest...

The main aim of the study was to investigate the effect of question-generation strategy on Iranian EFL third grade high school students’ ability in reading comprehension passages via multiple-choice question .In this research, the total number of one hundred and twenty male and female students participated. For homogeneity of the students, a profic...

This study aimed to find the effect of speed reading strategies on developing reading comprehension among second secondary literary stream students in English language. The sample of the study consists of (42) students assigned into two groups who were chosen randomly from schools, a controlled group (21) students, and an experimental (21) students...

The purpose of the study was to compare the effectiveness of hierarchy vocabulary exercises and copying vocabulary exercises on EFL students’ vocabulary acquisition and reading comprehension. Two specific factors were probed: (a) vocabulary gains and retention from different exercises; (b) reading comprehension performance through different exercis...

The development of local wisdom based sensitizing reading material is aimed at penetrating one of the imperishable gaps between authentic and non-authentic reading materials dispute in an EFL teaching context. Promoting EFL learners’ needs for the first semester students of English department at university level, who rarely or even never have a dir...

This study investigated the effect of reading strategies training on the students’ literal and inferential reading comprehension. The training involved three concrete strategies: predicting, text mapping, and summarizing. To achieve the purpose of this study, a quasi experimental design was selected with the experimental group being given reading s...

This experimental study aims to investigate the effects of using cooperative learning to enhance the English reading comprehension and learning motivation of EFL freshmen by comparing the cooperative learning instruction and traditional lecture instruction. This experiment was implemented in a Freshman English Reading course, a two credit course, w...

The purpose of this study was to investigate the use of reading strategies by the university Business English majors in relation to their levels of reading proficiency. The participants were 926 university Business English majors from 6 universities in southwest China. The Strategy Questionnaire for Business English Reading (SQBER) and the Business...

In recent years, it has been argued that for compensating children's difficulties in school achievement their underlying cognitive and learning strengths and weaknesses should be considered. This requires a different approach to evaluating children's difficulties in school learning, which should include not only their school achievement but also th...

This paper reports the findings of a study that investigated the effect of giving and receiving marginal L1 glosses on L2 vocabulary learning. To that end, forty nine Iranian learners of English were assigned to three different experimental conditions including marginal L1 glosses Giver (n = 17), marginal L1 glosses Receiver (n = 17), and no glosse...

This survey aims at studying the relationship between English vocabulary threshold and word guessing strategy that is used in reading comprehension learning among 80 pre-university Chinese students in Malaysia. T-test is the main statistical test for this research, and the collected data isanalysed using SPSS. From the standard deviation test resul...

Metacognitive reading strategies and reading motivation play a significant role in enhancing reading comprehension. In an attempt to prove the foregoing claim in a context where there is no strong culture for reading, this study tries to find out if there is indeed a relationship between and among metacognitive reading strategies, reading motivatio...

Reading comprehension is one of the four skills essential in learning English. In a reading class, students tend to read all the information provided in reading materials, but how much do they actually retain? This study explores whether learners use identification of the topic and main ideas as a reading strategy to assist in reading comprehension...

This paper aims to gain an insight to the relationship of two different concepts about reading comprehension, namely, the linear model of comprehension and the interactive compensatory theory. Drawing on both the above concepts, a heuristic was constructed about three different reading strategies determined by the specific ways the literal, reorgan...

Given the significance of questioning as a high-level cognitive strategy in language teaching and learning in the literature on TEFL as well as in education in general, this study sought to make a systematic review of research studies conducted in the span of the last three decades on the issue of questioning across different disciplines with a spe...

The presentstudy was an elaboration on the effect of foreign language anxiety on reading comprehension achievement of Iranian EFL learners. The participants comprised 100 BA students, doing General English Course in different academic fields at Islamic University of Neyshabur. The participants took a reading proficiency test of TOEFL and answered a...

Reading comprehension is a key issue in learning English as a foreign language, and it is critical that teachers utilize pre-reading strategies in reading classes in order to help students enhance their comprehension. The present study investigates the effectiveness of two pre-reading strategies on EFL students’ performance in reading comprehension...

Extensive reading is reading as much as possible, for one’s own pleasure, at a difficulty level at which one can read smoothly and quickly. In the domain of reading, this paper investigates the effect of extensive reading from e-books, through utilizing a number of downloadable reading application programs on the students’ e-devices, as opposed to...

Reading as one of English skills has paramount features in shaping EFL English competence. Referring to the importance for reading, it is inevitable that teaching method, assessments tools, reading material and activities have indispensable tasks to attain EFL learners’ reading objectives. This study is intended to develop integrated reading materi...

This study was an attempt to examine the effect of concept mapping on reading comprehension of Iranian EFL learners. Pretest-posttest design was employed to scrutinize the possible improvement of the study’s participants who were male and female learners whose ages ranged from 19 to 40 and had taken general English courses at Islamic Azad Universit...

Discourse markers (DMs) instruction is currently receiving an increasing amount of attention in the literature on second language learning. As noted by Al-Yaari, Al Hammadi, Alyami, and Almaflehi (2013), and Algouzi (2014), the use of DMs is insufficient to support the development of the language skills, especially reading, of Saudi English as a Fo...

The starting age of foreign language learning has been a controversial issue since the second half of the 20th century. Despite this long time, definite answers have not been found regarding the different aspects of the age issue, i.e., its influence on rate, route and ultimate attainment. Many researchers have explored the influence of age on the...

The present study examined the reliability of an achievement test to measure the efficacy of task-based writing activities to improve Iranian EFL learners’ reading comprehension at the intermediate level in a private language institute in Ilam, Iran, namely Alefba language institute. To achieve the goal, the techniques for evaluating reliability of...

The present study mainly investigated the effects of vocabulary knowledge and dictionary use on EFL reading performance. The results show that scores on vocabulary size, specific vocabulary knowledge, and reading comprehension are highly and positively correlated. Scores on specific vocabulary knowledge are more closely correlated with reading comp...

The article summarizes the study of Reading Comprehension Tasks utilized in preparation for Unified (Russian) State Exam. The corpus of reading tasks was analyzed with the use of the classification algorithm developed by Weir and Urquhart (1998), and aimed at determining the level of engagement (local or global) and type of engagement (literal or i...

This literature review will illustrate how writing could improve students’ comprehension. Writing is one of the most important skills that students need to master for college level work. Therefore, students should be prepared with these skills before moving to the college level because they are required to write numerous papers that tend to be used...

Many researchers were interested in validity of the language proficiency tests in the previous decades. The present study aims to study the construct validity of the Ministry of Science, Research, and Technology Reading Comprehension module (MSRT) in the Iranian context. After administering a standard language proficiency test (OPT) 65 intermediate...

This paper has reviewed the previous studies on metacognitive strategies based on planning, monitoring, and evaluating in order to develop reading comprehension. The main purpose of this review in metacognition, and reading domain is to help readers to enhance their capabilities and power reading through these strategies. The researchers reviewed a...