Racism - Science topic

Totalitarianism and ideologies have often ensured that political, historical, philosophical, scientific, and artistic ideas conform to what the rulers consider correct. This has led to scientific impostures and rewritings of history, which are ethically questionable if not unacceptable. Illustration: Skulls from the collection of Samuel Morton, one of the American fathers of "scientific racism", illustrate his classification of humanity into five races (fruits, according to him, of five divine decisions), which today are outdated. Left to right: Black American woman and white man, Native Mexican man, Chinese woman and Malaysian man, PHOTOGRAPH BY ROBERT CLARK/ UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA MUSEUM OF ARCHEOLOGY AND ANTHROPOLOGY

Discrimination is a topic in many ways. Students at different universities report discrimination in the context of the pandemic. They experience discrimination due to their disability, their social background, their religion, their nationality a.s.o. Do you know research projects that systematically investigate discrimination at universities?

Transformation, unlike resolution, restoration, management, reform, or revolution addresses very distinctive issues that these other approaches to conflict and justice do not. Transformative justice challenges all aspects of authoritarianism, domination, and control within society today. For this reason, transformative justice is more than an alternative to a criminal justice system, but a social justice philosophy for peace with tools to achieve such goals. Further, it is a non-dogmatic, process-based philosophy that allows for creative approaches in transforming conflict and addressing issues of brutality, racism, assault, abuse, accountability, responsibility, loss and, most importantly, healing.—A. J. Nocella

What say ye?!

Our school system basically a predominant of societal role with respect to boundary of country but not at all globally.Designed of communicating in various subject compelled with many language acquired and applicability of in various discipline.Integrity of learning and mankind are retrospective.

Hi, does anyone know of a questionnaire that was used to ask about racial discrimination against nurses with a migration background? I would be very happy to receive a feedback. Thanks in advance.

Dear All

I am writing this concern to find out if any author (as a corresponding author) belongs to one of developing countries and tries to submit his work in the Crop Journal (The Crop Journal | ScienceDirect.com by Elsevier). I have submitted twice and got a rejection from the editor without convincing reasons (your paper doesn't meet the standards of the journal)

1- The first rejection, I have contacted the handling editor providing many similar articles published in the journal in the same year (2020) and with fewer analyses than I did in my paper. His reply was, "submit it again and select another editor"). The same manuscript was successfully published in BMC Plant Biology

2- second rejection was in 2021. Imagine I submitted a new article (two years data, with three locations) and after three hours I got a rejection from the handling editor telling me the same silly reason. I am quite sure that three hours for a manuscript including many figures and tables and more than 6-8 supplementary files were not enough to make a fair judge on the paper. I resulted from it again asking the chief in the editor to assign another editor. After one house, I got the rejection by the same handling editor.

So, it looks to me that the editor just read the affiliation and decide to reject the paper without reading it carefully. I officially complain to the Elsevier publisher about this situation.

Does any face the same situation?

Your feedback is extremely important.

I am conducting a study based on the Health Belief Model (People will not change their health behaviors unless they believe that they are at risk). My target population is African American females but my findings are not consistent with the HBM. I am wondering about the potential for racial bias in the development of the HBM or other validated instruments, but I am having trouble finding studies to support this theory. Any suggestions?

Is not the term anti-Semitic, as it is used today to refer to bigotry against Jews, used loosely and erroneously? “Anti-Semitic” literally and technically means being opposed to someone who speaks a Semitic language (e.g. Arabic and Hebrew). My question is: why then was the term “anti-Semitic” coined in 19th century Germany to refer – rather confusingly – to a phenomenon of hatred of Jews in Europe who, however, did not speak a Semitic language at the time? Do we know with any certainty and rigour how much knowledge of philology and linguistics Wilhelm Marr, the German writer who coined the term “anti-Semitic” in 1879, had?

I'm doing a longitudinal multilevel model analysis of change to look at the impact racism has on health. My level 2 is thus individual, while my level 1 is time/wave. I'm using 5 different waves of the UKHLS and in order to include more people I decided to use an unbalanced dataset as every book I read said that MLM can handle that without a problem. However now while trying to fit even one of the simplest models I'm already encountering a problem getting an error message. This is my code and the error message I receive: m1 <- lmer(data = lusl, generalhealth ~ 1 + wave0 +(1 + wave0 | pidp), na.action=na.exclude) Error: number of observations (=30962) <= number of random effects (=31520) for term (1 + wave0 | pidp); the random-effects parameters and the residual variance (or scale parameter) are probably unidentifiable

Am I doing something wrong or is MLM not able to handl eunbalanced data after all?

As we move forward to dismantle racism within education, it is important to identify and share effective strategies to elevate the curriculum to a higher standard that recognizes and celebrates global diversity.

I am writing a paper on racism in science and would like to hear reports about scientists and researchers who have experienced situations involving racist attitudes from other researchers, and how this issue has impacted or impacts on research.

The Capstone is complete, responses no longer necessary

My graduate capstone is reviewing research on MORAL DISTRESS SYMPTOMS as they apply to (contribute to the emotional state of) police and the contribution it makes to police violence (use of force beyond a threshold).

For example, moral distress from working with child sex abuse material could lead to perceiving everyone as an abuser and influence decision-making.

Police violence is more likely in an officer with compromised decision-making skills (ethically or due to hypervigilance.)

Any research on racism and how it influences this topic is appreciated.

In researching the enduring place of racism in society, I have been impressed with Leon Poliakov's 1971 analysis of various social mythologies/genealogies in "The Aryan Myth." I am also interested in hearing other perspectives on the "stickiness factor" of these ideas.

On White Supremacy:

The obsession as to whether human-kind is fundamentally bad or good has preoccupied scholars for millennia. This can be traced back to the Catholic theologian, Augustine (354-430), who believed that men and women are basically bad, all born into original sin, and therefore require close supervision by which to cleanse their souls. In the enlightened age, intellectuals such as Rousseau (1712-1778) came up with the counter argument defending the premise that human-kind is basically good, an ethos that has been adopted by many liberal societies of today even if only by lip-service. We know that if one wants an economy that is maximally uncreative and unproductive, totalitarianism (left or right driven) is the best political system by which to achieve this. Here a minority of the population under its leadership employs all the state’s resources to control the majority under the assumption that the majority has ‘bad habits’ that must be altered and if not possible contained using police-state tactics. Such a society is unsustainable, as we witnessed with the disintegration of the Soviet Union in December 1991.

So, what about White Supremacy. This viewpoint has a long history in the United State going back to the age of slavery [1620 to 1865] when Black people (including their children) were sold and killed like cattle. At its zenith in 1860, some 13% of the US population, 4 million people of a population of 31 million, were enslaved. Shortly after the passage of the 13th Amendment (which was meant to end slavery in 1865) segments of the White population resisted this policy by forming the Ku Klux Klan who adopted an Augustine-viewpoint that led to the mass lynching of mainly Black males that continued well into the mid-20th Century. According to the Equal Justice Initiative (2017), 4084 African-Americans were lynched between 1877 and 1950, mainly in the Southern United States. In the 1960’s three acts were passed by Congress to remedy this bad history: the Civil Rights Act of 1964, the Voting Rights Act of 1965, and the Civil Rights Act of 1968.

Now let us fast forward to the Age of Trump (2016-2020). Donald Trump, an Independent, became a Republican so that he could win the presidential election in November 2016. His madness, which includes racism, bigotry, and contempt for women, is expressed regularly via Twitter and Fox News. This madness has now been amplified by the recent killing of an African American man, George Floyd, who was caught on camera being suffocated by a Minneapolis police officer. With Christian Bible in hand and in front of St. Johns church in Washington DC, Trump declared (much like Hitler did during his rallies in the 30 and 40’s) that he would impose law and order on the masses who are protesting the killing of George Floyd. So far, 10,000 protesters have been arrested by police (Aljazeera, June 4, 2020). The ~ 25,000 White Supremacist of America are standing by to see whether Trump can create an opportunity for them to return America to its roots: by having a large segment of the population (mainly immigrant and non-White) be put under the control of a White minority to satisfy (unbeknown to them) the dictates of the Catholic theologian, Augustine (354-430). If you believe in humanity and its sustainability, you can never allow this to happen since this is a recipe to continuous warfare, much like what goes on in the Middle East today.

In Europe (in France and Germany at least), there is a new cultural-political position suggesting there were no human races … Not really … only as a delusion… as a constructed deception originating from the early modern times of beginning colonialism. – So not whites, no blacks (in former times: “negros” – sorry, I apologize for this), no yellow or Mongolian race, no Eskimos and so on.

The traditionalists in Europe still oppose this position and complain about a new ideological war with the progressive activists, who try for instance to make jobs dependent on compliance to the no-race-concept.

I would be especially interested in the opinions of coloured people and of non-Westerners. (But this is not meant as an exclusion … So all are invited (independent of any external traits) …).

Articles that share the history and development of medicine in the UK, any aspect of medicine and medical education.

Today, racism continues to be one of the main discrimination problems in our society. On multitudes of occasions, we are present in situations where people are treated with inferiority and where they are judged with a wide variety of prejudices. This problem is usually seen in education, health, housing, politics, employment and in everyday life itself, both publicly and privately. Racism and racial discrimination is caused by fear, hatred, ignorance, ideology, by socio-economic circumstances, among others. That is why, today, various measures and struggles are carried out to become aware of the existing global problems. The UN is one of the main organizations that emphasizes this problem, due to the great lack of tolerance present in today's world, its main objective being to end racism, ethnic discrimination and xenophobia and trying to prevail above all the principle equality of all human beings. But do you think that one day the multitude of struggles and measures will bear fruit? What is your opinion?

Dear colleagues,

Do you think that the peer review process entails experiences of racism? Recently, this issue came up in discussion with a few students who are people of colour. I found it very disheartening but I am sure it is way more discouraging for young graduates to experience racism in the peer-review process. Is there anything that can be done to make the reviewers more objective and not hung up on colonial and racist legacies? Any thoughts would be appreciated. Thank you!

Warm regards,

Gulnaz

Dear All,

I have been looking for papers, or books, that focus on the issues surrounding adoption of mixed Black-Caribbean/Caucasian children. I am interested in literature that looks at any aspects of adoption of this population, e.g. belonging, identity, otherness, education, acceptance, racism, live trajectories etc.

Literature from any year will be greatly appreciated.

Thank you,

Gillian

I am exploring the case of social protest in Ecuador, in October of 2019. During a week of escalation of social conflict, both open expressions of racism and xenophobia appeared in the public discourse. Indigenous peoples who were part of the protesters received open racist attacks, while Venezuelan migrants were blamed for the violence. Indigenous peoples are clearly racialized in Ecuador, while Venezuelan migrants are not clearly so (in contrast to Haitian migrants, for instance).

Are you part of a community-led organization that advocates for racialized communities?

Are you part of a coalition that is advocating for change?

Bringing people together or running a campaign to raise awareness of racism?

Modern technology is destructive: it has polluted the earth, the wáter and the air of our planet. Humanity has devastated the ecology of the whole world. Hundreds of animals and plants are now endangered species. Climatic change and global warming are now serious threats for the development of a sustainable life. Humanity has created very sophisticated weapons of mass destruction. War has become a very profitable business. Political and religious radicalism are real threats to the world's peace, as well as racism, hatred and all forms of discrimination. Hunger, poverty and social differences are sources of disease and conflict. All these human creations have become an almost uncontrolable monster that is pushing this world towards global destruction. 

How both climate change and systemic racism have their roots in colonization and the accompanying exploitation and extraction of both people and the environment.

Stigma is a set of unfair, negative beliefs about a certain group of people, such as people with mental health issues or addiction. In some cases, health practitioners may make diagnosis and treatment decisions based on stereotypes, racial prejudices, or unfair beliefs about mental illness. What is our role as health practitioners to prevent this misbehavior ?

I am looking for information on the history and current movements focused on Black skin color pride (dark skin is beautiful; all colors are beautiful; Black is beautiful. Most of the articles I am finding focus on racial pride but I have not found those which discuss the promotion of dark skin as beautiful in the 1960s and 1970s as well as currently. Thank you!

I would argue that FOX New is an example of Edmond Burke (an Originalist from England) on steroids. The late founder of FOX News, Roger Eugene Ailes, surrounded himself with tall, blue-eyed, full-lipped, blonde bombshells who submitted to his every wish (for advancement of course) so that he could be transported back to the fifties as he reached climax in his office chair (all permitted by his loyal wife). But of course, this is not new. Bill Clinton and his enabling wife, Hillary, institutionalized this behavior in the White House under a modernist agenda—as the conservative speaker of the House Newt Gingrich convinced Bill that there were too many idle Black Folks ripping off the White Tax-Paying People of America, a class who was handsomely bailed-out in 2008. To add to the Originalism of FOX News, there is the occasional ‘Jim Crow’ on display pontificating (in black face) about the virtues of the Free Markets in the way wealth trickles down to the underclass so that the hungriest can end up on FOX News collecting a 7-figures salary. Many of these black faces try to convince us that there has been more than enough change to the Constitution to deal with all the inequities and for those who complain about injustice, such as the Black Lives Matter movement, they lack initiative, suffering from a disease called laziness, a choice they made soon after they were born. This lack of initiative can be seen when one walks down Main Street in Houston Texas to observe black folk on all fours eating out of a bowl filled with McDonalds food-scraps or black folk coiled on a tram flatform with matted hair and backside exposed rolling around in circles like a serpent that has sustained vestibular damage. You would never know that the Mayor of Main Street is a modernist Black Democrat, who has been described by some as, ‘He left the Hood never looking back for he is intent in separating himself from his race but he insists on being a role model to his people on voting day.’ When a black fellow recently expressed his reason for not voting ‘there is no one in power who supports my interests’, I assured him that the Biden/Harris ticket would begin to right many of the wrongs of the past. He remained incredulous for he understands that FOX News is more the norm than the exception here in America. Some would say that after Lincoln amended the Constitution there has been little change in race relations for many Black folks still feel as though they are three-fifths white as specified in the ‘original’ Constitution of 1787.

What are racism's effects on language acquisition?

Whether on a personal or institutional level, please share your experiences.

Thank you.

I am starting some new research on the inherent racism in capitalism and the socio-economic systems of health, housing and education and would like to know what to read.

Although many academic papers have pointed out that shark conservation is an international issue that requires multi-nation collaboration, public media still commonly attribute this problem to a single nation, China, and see shark finning as the major, if not only, reason for shark's being forced to the edge of danger. They believe racism is the "weapon" and key to the solution.

Even worse, quantities of news comments and even news reports themselves are full of racism.

What the news industry and the public think of shark conservation is vastly different from what the academic field has found. There are two types of shark conservation, one of the folk concept and the other of academic.

In folk concept, shark's situation is all due to China, and shark fin soup is the only reason for massacring sharks. The public pay no attention to the bycatch problem of tuna fisheries, nor do they criticize sports fishing that targets endangered mako shark.

It has been obvious that in public-oriented shark conservation publicity, racism has been quite ubiquitous. Just open some news link on Facebook ot Twitter, and you may easily find racist comments that believe all Chinese are bad to sharks. I tried to rebute them but they refuse to listen.

But racism is vicious and it can not help any vulnerable species. How to help provide a comprehensive view of shark's situation and help remove racism in shark conservation education?

the theme of race in the book the bluest eye

Can we have gender and/or racial bias in the meritocratic system? What is your reasoning?

I am writing a scholarly advocacy article - the question is:

"What is the problem with using an historically specific example of racism as a template for understanding the multifaceted nature of racism itself?"

Any input would be much appreciated and happy to cite

Racial discrimination is any discrimination against individuals on the basis of their skin color, or racial or ethnic origin.

Please share your opinion's. Thanks in advance

That has been some commentary about increased racism, bullying and xenophobia against Chinese/ Asian people in the wake of the Coronavirus.

Can anyone point me to quality resrouces for schools to help prevent and respond to this behaviour in the school community. Any research or relevant resources following the SARS outbreak in 2002?

I'm writing a book that raises questions about the traditional meanings of justice and injustice.

This title might not be very clear, let me elaborate :

Let's say, you're a computer scientist on your browser. You innocently browse the web, looking for a new book about procrastination (or anything else). Suddenly, a click lead you to the homepage of EvilCorpWorld, a (fictional) company incarnating the opposite of your ethical views.

EvilCorpWorld isn't a "common evildoer", they blatantly make the world a worst place. According to your ethical views, they could be enslaving children, selling weapons to warlords, practicing tax fraud at country scale, they support network promoting racism and sexism...

On the homepage of EvilCorpWorld, you inadvertently notice a big security flaw. Something like "click here for rootshell (Admin only!)". For the sake of simplicity, let's say it's an actual flaw, not a honeypot or anything else.

Now you have three possibility :

What would be the most ethical-wise thing to do (maybe something other than three options)?

There is an enormous amount of research about conflicts and polarisation, like the Allport contact hypothesis and also the genocide literature of Abram de Swaan. What lacks to my opinion is research about how to end a conflict effectively. Possible parties who might intervene are victims, offenders and bystanders. Much of the work I know about ending conflicts like colonisation, suppressing people by means of racism etc. is based on Martin Luther King, the Dalai Lama, Nelson Mandela and Mahatma Gandhi.

I am currently working on my masters thesis about a german far-right group and their use of instagram and social media. During my research I encountered several racist and homophobic expressions, including the N-word.

Of cause these findings have to be mentioned in the paper.

But do you directly quote this? Do you censor the most extreme parts?

Quoting things correctly is one of the most fundermental rules of sience, but doing so would reproduce racism, even if it is in a commented, sientific context.

How did/do you deal with such problems in your papers? Does your institut/lab have rules about this?

I am really looking forward to hearing your opintion on that matter.

Racism is the belief that a particular race is superior or inferior to another, that his or her inborn biological characteristics predetermine a person's social and moral traits. Racial separatism is the belief, most of the time, based on racism, that different races should remain segregated and apart from one another. The racist never believe that he is racism. I can't determine what is the worst case in this argument, colour, religion, social level, etc

I have looked at "white racism" research which generally shows up in contexts where there is a majority/minority dynamic. I am looking for racism research particularly directed towards Pakistani community, sometimes including Indians and Bengalis as well. In particular, I want to look at "othering" research focusing on Pakistanis/ browns, and othering by Middle Easterns, Black communities and South East Asians in particular.

I can't find anything related to this subject. All I can find is related to racial discrimination.

As an IR/Comparative Politics scholar I've always tried to follow the dictum "let the research question determine the methodology, method, etc." I remain a disciplinary and methodological pluralist. And now I find myself writing what amounts to a defense against a resurgent scientism from some quarters, which I feel are targeting inherently vulnerable research programs (such as made clear in the Grievance Studies hoax). At the moment, I'm wrestling with concepts from the philosophy of science that I struggle to get a good bead on. Take for instance one critic who dismisses the work of an increasingly well known sociologist advancing a theory out of critical race studies as pseudoscience because she does not adhere to Popper's 1963 monist demand for the hypothetico-deductive method as the only demarcation between science and non-science and specifically that she does not employ quantitative methods. Yet in one essay by this critic, an argument against the removal of Gen. Robert E. Lee's statue from New Orleans, the author 1) notes that he firmly rejects presentism - though qualifies that to say of course we should still be able to morally criticize slavery, and 2) argues that to fully understand the meaning of the statue's removal (meaning for whom, the author does not specify) we must contextualize the historical figure Lee, for as the critic notes, Lee was inescapably a man only to be understood in the context of the time he could not escape. Failure to contextualize Lee, leads us to miss what a good and honorable man he was, and thus why the statue's removal should be reconsidered. So my puzzle is this: Is this an epistemological inconsistency? Isn't, for all it's obvious problems, presentism - the view that, inter alia, only present things exist -- something of a positivist epistemology that a hard core positivist must embrace if he or she is to be remain epistemologically consistent? Additionally, isn't' demanding at the same time that we adopt an epistemic contextualism in order to see the error in removing a statue celebrating the man who led the army of the confederacy in defense of slavery rather contradictory for one who dismisses as pseudoscience sociological work that emphasizes the cultural context that gives rise to, for example, internalized racism among the dominant racial group? Am I seeing what I think I'm seeing? Or do I just not adequately appreciate the complexity of these concepts?

What is genocide? A quick search gives the following definition: the deliberate killing of a large group of people, especially those of a particular ethnic group or nation.

Now, in this scenario, there's no actual killing. However, it has long been understood that race is not a biologically valid trait. We are all one species and there hasn't been time for actual biologically valid separations from groups to evolve. So, what differentiates one group of people from another is culture.

If a group of people are required to give up their cultural heritage, then that ethnicity is gone. Obviously this is a fairly charged question, but I think the RG community is up to answering it honestly and rationally.

What factors influence the degree of telling the truth in academic research?

I have humanities in mind, particularly politics related topics.

How much where a researcher comes from influences his/her inclination to reveal the truth? What triggered this question is a declaration by a European teacher that researchers from the Middle East don't tell the truth in their writings!

I am trying to look for whether the use of the biological theory of race has reduced or transnationalism has a different way of classifying people into different categories (e.g. diasporas, ethnicity, or geographic origin of the migrants, etc.,) with distinct status and power!

I am trying to understand the impact of the contemporary global market economy on international migration and immigration policies of the Western countries. In particular, I am trying to look for whether the use of the biological theory of race has reduced or transnationalism has a different way of classifying people into different categories (e.g. diasporas, ethnicity, or geographic origin of the migrants, etc.,) with distinct status and power!

Does anybody know any research about how training and information influence the result of implicit association tests?

Racial Profiling of Muslims in Abroad: A Reflection of the Issue in UK and USA, Pre and After-Math of 9-11

How the Islamophobia contributed to a new kind of Racial Abuse for Muslims all over the World

What is the reason for the racism of men when women take the leadership position ???

In their 2011 text, Teaching Science Fiction, Andy Sawyer and Peter Wright posit that science fiction is "one of the most effective genres for challenging the perspectives of a student body" (1). Yet Teaching Science Fiction is one of the few recent compendiums on teaching speculative fiction; the last significant scholarly focus on speculative fiction and pedagogy was in the 1970s and 1980s. The majority of publications after 2000 on teaching science fiction consider the teaching of science through science fiction. Very few of the more recent texts consider how instructors of science fiction might engage with concepts of social justice, or how instructors who teach social justice concepts could do so by engaging with speculative fiction literature.

The last decade has seen incredible progress in a genre that has been fraught with racism and sexism at least as much as it challenges it. With the mainstream success of Black Panther, N.K. Jemisin's ouevre, Janelle Monae's music and videos, Tomi Adeyemi's book and movie deals, and Netflix series such as Black Lightning, it is clear that the authorship and readership of speculative fiction is changing.

Moreover, instructors in literature and the cognate disciplines are already - and have been for some time - teaching social justice concepts through speculative fiction. However, there is little scholarly conversation about why and how we do it, how to teach social justice through speculative fiction more effectively, or how to have successful conversations with administrators about teaching social justice through speculative fiction. Proposals on secondary education and teacher education are particularly welcome.

hi, I am looking for a sms/text/tweets collection about racism, xenophobia and violence in order to train an algorithm. I am using RapidMiner.

Thank you.

I'm hoping to adapt a subset of the items in the Racism Experiences scale but I can't seem to find it anywhere given that the scale is unpublished. Is anyone aware of where this scale can be obtained?

Hi dear colleagues,

What is a racial discrimination? Does this exist in your country? Is it one of the causes of wars over the world?

ما هو التمييز العنصري؟ هل هذا موجود في بلدك؟ هل هو أحد أسباب الحروب في العالم؟

Thank you for sharing your opinions with us,

Kind regards

I just started as a professor at the University of Baltimore teaching conflict (ethnic, cultural, etc). Our masters students understand very well structural violence, racism, oppression, etc. Many live it daily.

Sometimes I feel like I'm just providing them with better vocabulary for their challenges. I keep asking myself - How can I teach conflict factors without leaving folks feeling there's no way out?

So, I ask you: who works well at the intersection of structural violence and personal agency?

If it's all structural then there's no hope for the individual, but to only point to personal power denies the existence of structural factors.

Who provides a "line of flight" (à la Deleuze) ?

Many universities raise this nicely written slogan "XYZ University is an equal employment opportunity/affirmative action employer and intends to recruit, hire, train & promote without regard to race, color, gender, age, religion, national & ethnic origin, disability, marital status, or sexual orientation ".

Scientists usually seek truth but most of them shun from talking honestly about what is actually going on in many universities which is utter discrimination practiced either "guardedly" or "bluntly".

In many parts of the world, unfairness is done “from what texts are read, to who is admitted, employed, and promoted, to who does research & who is denied, to what knowledge is valued & what is dismissed or ignored”. In 3rd world countries, the situation worsens to nepotism according to political affiliation or to belonging to a certain secretive group or to being an inhabitant in a particular city or to being a son or daughter of an influential person or a family.

Isn't time to confront this disastrous policy of discrimination at a global scale? The continuation of implicit & explicit discrimination will eventually lead to the downfall of academic institutions whatever resilience is "assumed" to be.

I am continuing to conduct research in this area for a Year 12 Research Project, so if anyone has a publication in mind, which provides reliable information related to the topic, please let me know. 

Hi I am a Policy debater and this is the last key I need to finish my case. 

(Please provide evidence and sources)

I'm looking for impacts like prevents structural violence, prevents racism, decreases poverty, etc.

I'm working on a lit review of current research linking PTSD (particularly from exposure to racism) and pre-term labor. 

I am very familiar with the (post)structural literature on "binary oppositions" which I find extremely helpful. But I sometimes wonder if dualistic thinking, or binarism, is part of the brain's evolution, which can then explain racism and similar phenomena. If you know of any key articles or books, kindly let me know. Thanks!

Education and racism, inequality, unfairness, manipulation, control, bias, gender gap, discrimination.

I am researching racism in France, related policies and their effects, but most of what I find is in English by US authors.  I would like to read on this issue in French by French scholars/writers.  Also, I am  interested in different/opposing pov.

Many thanks

Mary Helen C

I am trying to learn how we can stop racism in the classrooms and what are some questions we need to ask ourselves as educators.

Any linguistic/stylistic features will help me.

I'm studying the effect criminology and the other social sciences have on racial bias compared to other majors. If there is a correlation I want to project this towards police as a critical area of study for police officers in higher education.

I teach and research in the area of Indigenous studies. Repeatedly I have conversations with individuals from all walks of life about Indigenous issues. These conversations occur after they ask what I do for a living, as is typical in the US and Canada. Almost invariably, I then find myself embroiled in a long and heated discussion about the indigenous topic du jour or am quizzed on my knowledge: "What do you mean, you don't know the word for (fill in the blank) in Arawak/Ojibwe/Navajo/Mohawk/"Indian?" I have become hesitant to tell people what I teach and will sometimes say, truthfully, "I'm an anthropologist." It recently struck me that I am not quizzed or confronted when I claim anthropology as my field but Indigenous studies leaves me open for all kinds of conversations, most of which I don't enjoy. So what is the difference? Why is Indigenous studies as a field open for critique by non-specialists while other fields are not? What about your fields, colleagues? Are you questioned, quizzed, subjected to opinions that are often ill-informed? Or does your field get a "pass?" I am considering an article/opinion piece on this topic but am not sure if there is really anything to this, other than my personal experience. 

Source recommendations welcome

I want to stop racism in the classroom but the reality is it starts at home or does it? Can I teach children to love everyone despite the color of their skin and hope they teach their parents?

My first year of teaching I had 22 students, most asian, I had two from the Congo and they were mistreated. I want to do my dissertation on incorporating love for all races in my class rules or read books based on this~ I am brainstorming.

According to an Encyclopedia Britannica article on this topic, “Political correctness (PC),” is a “term used to refer to language that seems intended to give the least amount of offense, especially when describing groups identified by external markers such as race, gender, culture, or sexual orientation. The concept has been discussed, disputed, criticized, and satirized by commentators from across the political spectrum. The term has often been used derisively to ridicule the notion that altering language usage can change the public’s perceptions and beliefs as well as influence outcomes.”

See:

The strongest pc position is that which prescribes defamatory racial insults: those which are generally known and normally considered to be insulting. This precept fits the common-sense avoidance of inflammatory behavior, and I think it is generally accepted. Much of the rest, however, veers toward prohibition of “non-progressive” political speech and depends on a regime of encouraging heightened sensitivity to possibly insulting language and discourse; and as a consequence it involves simple indulgence of more doubtful political positions which require careful examination and inquiry.

According to the Britannica article:

Linguistically, the practice of what is called “political correctness” seems to be rooted in a desire to eliminate exclusion of various identity groups based on language usage. According to the Sapir-Whorf, or Whorfian hypothesis, our perception of reality is determined by our thought processes, which are influenced by the language we use. In this way language shapes our reality and tells us how to think about and respond to that reality. Language also reveals and promotes our biases. Therefore, according to the hypothesis, using sexist language promotes sexism and using racial language promotes racism.

---pause quotation

A point worthy of examination here is the idea that language “determines” our thought processes to such a degree that they cannot be modified in open discussion. This may certainly be true in particular cases, regarding persons and even tightly-bound groups, but it is not generally true. The contrary argument is that choice of language should be a result of discourse and detailed examinations of problems, questions and position—and not a prerequisite of participation. The alternative position, defending imposition of “pc,” appears to substitute pre-existing feeling and conviction for open debate and detailed examination of alternatives.

The Britannica article also states that:

Those who are most strongly opposed to so-called “political correctness” view it as censorship and a curtailment of freedom of speech that places limits on debates in the public arena. They contend that such language boundaries inevitably lead to self-censorship and restrictions on behaviour. They further believe that political correctness perceives offensive language where none exists. Others believe that “political correctness” or “politically correct” has been used as an epithet to stop legitimate attempts to curb hate speech and minimize exclusionary speech practices. Ultimately, the ongoing discussion surrounding political correctness seems to centre on language, naming, and whose definitions are accepted.

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It appears to be a deep flaw in “PC” that what counts as “politically incorrect” speech or behavior is made to depend on the decision or impression of those claiming to be offended or affected, which is a kind of self-certification of being wronged, inconsistent with the generally accepted idea that no one should be judge and jury in his or her own case. Insofar as “PC” is then enforced by administrative decisions, especially within state-sponsored institutions, such as universities, “PC” is argued to amount to state-imposed restrictions on freedom of speech. The effect of such censorship is to force the conflicts out of the universities into less acceptable and manageable forms and arenas.

Thank you in advance. Your replies are greatly appreciated. 

I am looking for a qualitative survey to exclude or at least note potentially racist participants. Does anyone have any ideas?

Thank you in advance. 

Disaggregated data collection and analysis is recommended for policy development to address race inequality. Moreover it provides a useful tool to address Afro-phobia and other forms of xenophobia.

Articles based on race within sport

- good definition of race and racism

- issues around racism in sport

- is this still an issue today in sport?

I am devising a unique definition derivative from the concept of racial discourse and intergroup conflicts. I need suggestions on whether Racial Dissension could be endorsed as phrase for defining interracial conflicts derived from racial dissension variables - unit determinants for inducing disharmony between coexisting races. 

I am trying to find social factors and social profile of victimization. I hope to have an insight about research which is being conducted on this topic. Furthermore, I also hope to have an insight about the relation between victimization and black people.