REACH - Science topic

I am working on Zika virus propagation and have conducted this process multiple times. Each time, I increased the viral input to the cells, but unfortunately, I consistently obtained low virus concentrations. I will explain the last propagation I performed and include some images. Hopefully, I can find someone who can help me identify the issue.

The protocol

1- T75 flask of Vero cell reaches 90 to 100% of confluency on the day of infection

2- discarded the media and wash with BPS

3- add 2% DMEM media, then 300ul of very infective virus (I have taken from lab mate )

4- incubate 1:30

5- remove the infection media, and add a new 2% FBS media

6- incubate till see the CPE

7- I harvested at day 3, I scraped cells and transferred them to a 15 ml tube

8- then centrifuge the tub for 10 minutes at 2000g

9 - transfer the supernatant into the new tube then aliquot into a 2 ml tube, then store at -80

In the attached images, the first shows the Vero cells at day 2 of infection, where the media color was slightly yellow. The second image displays the Vero cells at day 3, which exhibited significant morphological changes: the cells were all detached, and the media color had turned very yellow.

I have followed the same propagation steps multiple times, starting with an inoculum of 50 µL, then 100 µL, and finally 300 µL. In each case, I harvested on day 3 due to the dramatic morphological changes I observed.

I’m considering two options to address this issue:

Thanks in advance to anyone who could help with advice

Dear Sir/Madam,

Currently in my second year of a Bachelor's degree in Health Sciences at Jean Monnet University in Saint-Étienne, I am reaching out to you as part of a professional project I am working on. This project aims to better understand the role of an R&D Engineer in the field of biotechnology, a sector that particularly interests me.

I would greatly appreciate the opportunity to benefit from your expertise and insights. If you agree, I would like to propose answering a few questions in writing or during an interview at your convenience. This would help me better understand the realities of your profession and the skills required to succeed in it.

Here is a list of questions I have prepared:

Thank you in advance for the time you can dedicate to this. Your insights would be incredibly valuable for my project. Here is my email adress: sopraenandriantsoa@gmail.com

Looking forward to your response, I thank you and wish you an excellent day.

I NEED A PUBLISHER FOR MY PROPOSED EDITED BOOK, SCOPUS-INDEXED

Please I need your suggestion on which Publisher to reach out for the publication of my full chapter proposition on AI and Inclusive education, technological integration in education and others?

I have approached IGI.

They kept rejecting my proposal with their automated messages, even after working on their suggested themes🙇🙇.

Any suggestion?

Thank you

Is it connected with the demise of PHILOSOPHY AS THE IVORY TOWER OF THE IVORY TOWERS?

The problem we see in vote based democracy where elected representative are beyond of control and reach of voters is an irony of governance. Voting has become a nonviolent means to seize power . There is rampant corruption and foul talks, by politicians across the world. The politicians fight wars and not voters. These politicians act in collusion with business barons and mafia groups. Same applies to religious and sects conflicts which common citizens not want. Particularly disturbing is the lack of accountability and control and punishment to political elected leaders in almost all constitutions across globe

Obviously the egalitarian society and welfare economics wont be visible as 80% population is deprive and only 20% are getting enriched.

So what modified version of democracy is needed. Or should be do away with democracy at all. or limit electoral college to small percentage of highly educated , honest and responsible citizens to vote . Should election manifestoes be legally enforceable, at least 60% of the total?

The common man with meagre income and resources cant even fight the might of powerful people and governments.

So what are solutions

#welfare economics #democracy # politicians #public administration

I am working on a computer vision project which is attached to retail stores' and supermarkets', for this I need video cctv dataset. Anyone who knows the platform for such dataset or anyone who has a dataset available?

Grid has export capacity of 1 MW. However, its capacity is not utilized for most of the months. I have been researching the methods to determine the optimal PV size that would make the best possible use of grid capacity. However, I have not been able to reach the conclusion on optimal sizing. On the basis of solar energy curtail profile, 1 MW seems to have maximum annual energy. However, up to 225kW there is negligible energy loss in the system. It seems that optimal capacity lies within in these range, but I need the optimization method that best work for this system.

Has anyone been researching in this domain? If you have done some related work can you please share your insights that how we can reach the solution of this problem ?

Thank you !

A golf ball is hit from point A to point B. Point A is 30 metres vertically above the ground. Point B is 300 metres away from point A on ground level. The path of the golf ball is modelled by y=ax²+bx+c. The ball passes through the point (200;30). The path of the flight of the golf ball is placed in a cartesian plane so that A is on the y-axis and B is on the x-axis. Determine the maximum height the ball reaches above the ground using the formula: y=a(x-x₁)(x-x₂)

I can't seem to get the correct answer using this equation, is there something I'm missing?

I am using Nanoscope IV multimode AFM. The laser is clearly reaching the quad photodetector window after reflecting from the cantilever and mirror. But there is no change in the VERT (9.99) and HORZ (9.99) signals, and the SUM is always ZERO.

If anyone has any idea to solve this issue, I will be very grateful.

Dear Researchers and Enthusiasts of Magnetic Monopoles,

I hope this message finds you well!

Recently, I was inspired by several insightful lectures on spintronics and quantum mechanics that provided me with new perspectives on magnetism. This sparked my curiosity, leading me to explore the intersection of my existing knowledge and these new insights through experimental applications in magnetic levitation.

To validate my theoretical concepts, I initiated experiments aimed at developing more stable methods for magnetic levitation that function at room temperature and atmospheric pressure, without the reliance on electrical devices or cryogenic environments. After extensive trials using ferrite magnets, I discovered a promising solution.

As I delved deeper into the underlying principles to refine my theoretical model, I noticed that my findings closely resemble characteristics of magnetic monopoles.

As a result, I have filed a patent for this method and apparatus for generating magnetic monopoles.

I am eager to share this discovery through a formal publication.

As I hold a degree in computer engineering, I am reaching out to this researchers community for guidance and collaboration.

Please feel free to reach out to me via email if you are interested in discussing this further.

Thank you for your time, and I look forward to connecting with you!

Best regards,

Stone BYUN

I am modelling a UHPFRC jacketed column in abaqus. After reaching ultimate load sudden decrease in load is observed...ACC to experiment it should be gradual decrease.

To reach effective impacts from cancer vaccines, accurate HLA typing is important, but why is HLA typing not required for flu shots, COVID vaccines, or other infectious diseases? Is it due to high demand or any other biological reasons?

Someone just pretend to be me and steal all my publications. He/She seems to delete my research gate account and stole my publications.

Can someone reach out and help me?

I have attached pics of the SH-SY5Y cells within a seeded plate after reaching >80-90% confluence. Are these dark clumps of multiple growing cell layers? Or dead cells? Any clue?

many thanks.

2) How is the formation of the universe?

The universe, at its most fundamental level, appears to operate according to the principles of quantum mechanics, where uncertainty and indeterminacy play key roles in shaping its evolution. In classical computational theory, Turing’s Halting Problem demonstrates that it is impossible to predict whether a system will reach a final state or run indefinitely. This raises profound questions about the nature of the universe: could it, too, one day halt, reaching a state where no further evolution is possible? However, the inherent unpredictability of quantum mechanics—through phenomena like superposition, quantum fluctuations, and entanglement—may offer a safeguard against such a scenario. This paper explores the intersection of quantum mechanics and the Halting Problem, suggesting that quantum uncertainty prevents the universe from settling into a static, final state. By continuously introducing randomness and variation into the fabric of reality, quantum processes ensure the universe remains in perpetual motion, avoiding a halting condition. We will examine the scientific and philosophical implications of this theory and its potential to reshape our understanding of cosmology.

Stam Nicolis added a reply:

The evolution of the universe, from the inflationary epoch onwards, is described by classical, not quantum, gravity.

Stam Nicolis added a reply:

Turing's halting problem doesn't have anything to do with the subject of cosmology, or any subject, where the equations that describe the evolution of the system under study are known.

In particular the answer to the question of the evolution of the universe is known: It's described by the de Sitter solution to Einstein's equations, that is its expansion is accelerating, although with a very slow rate. The question, whose answer isn't, yet, known is what happened before the inflationary epoch. It is for this question that a new theory is needed, that can match to classical description of spacetime and the quantum description of matter that emerged from it.

Stam Nicolis added a reply:

That quantum mechanics provides a probabilistic description isn't particular to it. Classical mechanics, also provides a probabilistic description, since classical systems are, typically, chaotic and integrable systems are the exception, not the rule. The only difference between a quantum system and its classical limit is the space of states.

我想知道采用荧光测温法是否能实现对温度的纳秒级时间分布的测量？

The “intrinsic energy” of a particle is well known, it is mcc so what about of the “self energy” of a particle if one want to call it so and the “limit energy” of a particle if one want to call it so? Is the électron has a proper energy? What could be the equation of its "proper energy"? And what could be the equation of its "limit of énergy"? is the electron for example could reach its "limit energy" in the sun?What could be the equation of the "proper energy" of a particle? What coulb the equation of the "limit energy" of a particle? And what could be the equation which could link these three types of energies of a particle?

2) How is the formation of the universe?

The universe, at its most fundamental level, appears to operate according to the principles of quantum mechanics, where uncertainty and indeterminacy play key roles in shaping its evolution. In classical computational theory, Turing’s Halting Problem demonstrates that it is impossible to predict whether a system will reach a final state or run indefinitely. This raises profound questions about the nature of the universe: could it, too, one day halt, reaching a state where no further evolution is possible? However, the inherent unpredictability of quantum mechanics—through phenomena like superposition, quantum fluctuations, and entanglement—may offer a safeguard against such a scenario. This paper explores the intersection of quantum mechanics and the Halting Problem, suggesting that quantum uncertainty prevents the universe from settling into a static, final state. By continuously introducing randomness and variation into the fabric of reality, quantum processes ensure the universe remains in perpetual motion, avoiding a halting condition. We will examine the scientific and philosophical implications of this theory and its potential to reshape our understanding of cosmology.

Dear Researchgate community, I am reaching out to inform about a concerning case of plagiarism involving our published work. In 2020, me and my team published an article titled "Strengthening immunity with immunostimulants: A review" in Current Trends in Pharmaceutical Research. It has come to our attention that this work was copied nearly verbatim and published in 2022 under the title "Immunostimulants: Concepts, Types and Functions" in Asian Journal of Dental and Health Sciences.

This reproduction occurred without without our permission and represents a serious breach of academic integrity. We have compared the two articles, and substantial parts of our original work have been duplicated.

To provide transparency and evidence, I have attached the following documents for your review below. We appreciate any insights or additional steps that members of this community might suggest. Thank you for your support and attention to this matter.

River: "River 1" Reach: "Reach 1" RS=183000 - has an undefined flow value.

River: "River 1" Reach: "Reach 1" RS=182000 - has an undefined flow value.

River: "River 1" Reach: "Reach 1" RS=181000 - has an undefined flow value.

River: "River 1" Reach: "Reach 1" RS=180000 - has an undefined flow value.

River: "River 1" Reach: "Reach 1" RS=179000 - has an undefined flow value.

River: "River 1" Reach: "Reach 1" RS=178000 - has an undefined flow value

Call for Collaboration:

As a senior faculty member in the College of Education and Behavioral Studies at Wollo University, Ethiopia, I am inviting collaboration with researchers and professors involved in educational projects that require data collection and analysis across diverse cultural contexts, particularly in East Africa and Ethiopia. encourage researchers conducting studies in culturally diverse educational settings and professors implementing projects to reach out if they are interested in exploring educational issues in Ethiopia or seeking collaboration for data collection and analysis.

Contact Information:

Interested parties can contact me directly via email:seifemichael.tsegaye@wu.edu.et or through professional networks to discuss potential collaboration opportunities. Thank you for considering this chance to enhance educational research in culturally rich contexts!

I am reaching out to seek your advice regarding an issue I have been experiencing with the journal of Annals of Medicine. Our manuscript was accepted on 19 April 2024, and the editorial board told us the proof would be sent to us within 48 hours. However, despite multiple follow-ups, we have yet to receive the proof until now. Each time we contact the journal, we are informed that my paper is undergoing an additional check.

We have try to contact the Taylor&Francis, which is the publication company of Annals of Medicine, many times, but they never reply us.

Has anyone else encountered a similar situation? If so, how did you manage to resolve it? Any advice or suggestions on how I might expedite this process or get a clearer response from the journal would be greatly appreciated.

Thank you in advance for your insights and assistance.

Census data seems only to reach the year 2011, but there might be estimates somewhere that I cannot find? I am looking not only for the largest cities but also towns etc. Thanks!

Good morning, everyone! I'm Cristina Demelas, a PhD student at NOVA Medical School specializing in melanoma and pigmentation research. I'm reaching out to the scientific community for some assistance with my PhD project. Specifically, I'm in need of human melanoma cell lines that exhibit invasive and pigmented characteristics. Having access to these cell lines would significantly advance my research. Given that the literature on this topic can sometimes be conflicting, I'd greatly appreciate any guidance or recommendations on which cell lines possess these traits. If anyone has experience with such cell lines or can share them with me, it would be immensely helpful. Additionally, if you know of any labs that work with melanoma and might have the resources or expertise I'm looking for, I would be grateful if you could connect me with them. Thank you in advance for any support or insights you can provide. 🙏 Cristina

I use the electroplating technique to transfer mcherry and egfp plasmids to salmonella infantis but there is no colony is there any way to reach success or changing a step can be helpful

I will be thankful if somebody can help

Cheers

Could we ever reach a conclusion about Fermi Paradox?

Ideas:

-we could be just too distant from any other advanced life.

-they're already came here (still here, or lost heart then left, ... etc).

-they're already on their way here.

-they know about us, can reach us, but choose to leave us be for one reason or another.

-Earth is more than 70% covered with water, so simply any other civilization could see earth as a water planet only?

- detection issues: noisy cosmic environment, weak EM signals, highly shifted wavelengths... etc.

-chemical reasons: our sun is far from the galactic center meaning the metallicity in our cosmic neighborhood is different from other distant regions which also could mean there are other life forms than carbon-based life.

- possible differences in the carbon based life foms itself: could there be intelligent life forms that have different senses?

-Time: this factor only has a fundamental role in life (intelligence) evolution; in many different ways, some are clear and straightforward, others are vague.

Each of these can bring up so many other possibilities! So is is possible really to find an answer for Fermi question?

Do you know of a database that has classified chemical compounds (classified like plants)? Unfortunately, the websites introduced in the article "ClassyFire: automated chemical classification with a comprehensive, computable Taxonomy" they are out of reach

I need to plate SHSY-5Y cell into 35mm dish for the Patch-clamp technique, and the paper said I need to reach the cell confluency about 40-60% . How many cells should I plate? And in advance, I will plate cells on Tuesday and do the patch on Thursday.

Thank you in advance.

I would like to know when will Artificial Intelligence reach the level of understanding the feelings and emotions of human beings.

The laser confocal system of OLS5100 (Olympus) can reach a lateral resolution of 120 nm, that is far beyond the diffraction limitation. Though the numerical aperture of its system is 0.95, the lateral resolution can not be less than 120 nm, unless there are some tricks?

Does anyone know the tricks inside? Do they use some particular techs?

Looking forward to your discussions.

Yi

I have been writing about sustainability strategies in my cover essay. I described the strategic process as:

1) Setting a sustainability target.

2) Developing a strategy to reach the target.

3) Developing a method to assess whether a decision taken today fits within the strategy.

4) Ensure that this method is used by practitioners and that they have incentives to take sustainable decisions.

A comment I got was that not all strategies are based on fulfilling a target, that this approach is not universal and should be justified. However I have so far failed to find appropriate literature, in part because the keywords "goal-oriented strategy" yield literature about corporate management.

Has a similar approach, or an alternative approach, been theorized? What are example of sustainability strategies that do not start by setting a target?

I'm looking for endorsement in Quantum Computing please reach me by private message if you can help

Mira Murati (CTO of OpenAI) has said that ChatGPT will soon exhibit PhD level intelligence within 2 years. Is it true?

Can ChatGPT exhibit more intelligence than a PhD degree holder?

Dear fellows, yesterday, when trying to register another reference in EndNote, I got the message that the library was full. It has more than 5000 references. I wonder thus, what is the smartest thing to do now, given that I will work in research and need to register new references almost every day in the years to come too?

I am currently working on a research project that involves analyzing #ecological_momentary_assessment (#EMA) . Given the complexity and volume of real-time data collected, I am interested in leveraging #machine_learning techniques to enhance the analysis and interpretation of these data. Specifically, I am looking to identify key predictors and understand the interactions among multiple variables. I am reaching out to connect with researchers, data scientists, or professionals who have experience in applying machine learning to EMA data. If you have worked on similar projects or know someone who has, I would greatly appreciate your insights, advice, or any relevant resources you could share. Your expertise and guidance will be invaluable in advancing my research and ensuring robust, meaningful results. Please feel free to comment below or reach out to me directly if you can help or recommend someone who can.

Are you a University teacher using English as a Method of Instruction (EMI) in subjects like biology, physics, economics, law, engineering or any other field? Your expertise is invaluable, and we'd love to hear from you!

As part of ongoing research, we're conducting a survey to gather insights from educators like you on the challenges, strategies, and best practices in teaching your subject area in English. Your input will help us better understand the needs of teachers in diverse fields and contribute to the enhancement of English-medium instruction.

If you're interested in sharing your experiences and insights, please consider taking a few moments to complete our questionnaire. Your participation will be highly appreciated and will make a significant contribution to our research efforts.

Feel free to reach out if you have any questions or would like more information about the survey. Thank you in advance for your valuable contribution!

I submitted a manuscript to journal X and immediately decided to withdraw it. Unfortunately, the editorial board did not respond to my emails for 8 months, and the process went on until it reached the revision stage. The time for revision is over. My question is, can I submit my manuscript to another journal now?

In the cubic structure, there are mainly 3 elastic constants including C11, C11, and C44. Now, in my simulation, the value of C11 is becoming very high due to applying pressure. So far, in the simulations I've done, it's reached around 570 GPa. If more pressure is induced, it could increase further. My question is, is this increase normal?

We are facing hurdles in achieving desired deposition rates while depositing cathode-based materials via thermal evaporation. Despite starting with a vacuum setup reaching up to 10^-7 torrs, initial deposition stages show promising rates. However, these rates decline significantly over time, seemingly linked to the depletion of lithium content. Even with the power input increased to 200 W, I still fell short of reaching the minimum desired deposition rate (>0.02 nm/sec). Although my power supply can go up to 2000 W, going beyond 200 W is problematic due to significant power fluctuations with these cathode materials.

Since electron beam deposition isn't feasible due to challenges in pellet formation without binders, I'm considering the possibility of incorporating dopants or flux agents to lower the melting point. This could potentially counteract the observed reduction in deposition rate.

I'm seeking advice on optimizing thermal evaporation parameters or exploring alternative methods to enhance deposition efficiency for cathode materials, considering the limitations and basic principles of material deposition processes

We bought the E-beam evaporation system without a loading chamber.

until now, we have used this system about 20~30 times for the deposition of Al2O3, Ti, Au, and Al having thicknesses from 50~100 nm.

Initially, the high vacuum was easily reached, but suddenly it took more than twice as long. When I first used it, I reached a high vacuum very quickly, but suddenly it took me more than twice as long to reach a high vacuum. The company explains that it is an outgas phenomenon, but I wonder if it can take a long time to reach a high vacuum so quickly.

I intend to utilize the Secondary Traumatic Stress Scale developed and validated by Bride, B.E., Robinson, M.R., Yegidis, B., & Figley, C.R. (2004). I see some of them are members of the research gate, Have reached out with no response. How can I reach them for the premission to use the scale? Thanks

Can we stop global climate change? Does human scientific power reach the world's climate change? What is the response of the researchers?

As you know, humans are very intelligent and can predict the future climate of the world with hydrology, climatology and paleontology. But don't countries, especially industrialized countries, that produce the most harmful gases in the earth's atmosphere and think about the future of the earth's atmosphere? Do they listen to the research of climatologists? What would have to happen to get them to listen to climate scientists?

Miloud Chakit added a reply

Climate change is an important and complex global challenge, and scientific theories about it are based on extensive research and evidence. The future path of the world depends on various factors including human actions, political decisions and international cooperation.

Efforts to mitigate and adapt to climate change continue. While full recovery can be challenging, important steps can be taken to slow progression and lessen its effects. This requires global cooperation, sustainable practices and the development and implementation of clean energy technologies.

Human scientific abilities play an important role, but dealing with climate change also requires social, economic and political changes. The goal is to limit global warming and its associated impacts, and collective action at the local, national, and international levels is essential for a more sustainable future.

Reply to this discussion

Osama Behnas added a reply

Global climate change is impossible to stop. Human scientific power cannot reach the climate changes of the world.

Borys Kapochkin added a reply

Mathematical models of planetary warming as a function of the argument - anthropogenic influence - are wrong.

Alastair Bain McDonald added a reply

We can stop climate change, but we won't! We have scientific knowledge but no political will. One can blame Russia and China for refusing to cooperate, but half of the US population (Republicans) deny that climate change is a problem and prefer their promiscuous lifestyles to the answer:

All climate change is loaded on CO2 responsible for the greenhouse effect. Therefore, scientific experiments from several independent scientific institutions around the world should be conducted to determine what the greenhouse effect is at different concentrations of CO2. Then, a conference of a reputable and professional organization with the participation of all independent scientific bodies should be held to establish standards on CO2 concentrations and propose policy measures accordingly.

The second action that can be taken is to plant as many trees and plants as possible to breathe CO2 and release oxygen. Stop any deforestation and immediately plant trees in any tree-filled areas.

Lucy George added a reply:

We have the knowledge, tools and resources to ensure a livable and sustainable future for all. Carbon dioxide and other heat-trapping gases are major contributors to global warming. Therefore, reducing greenhouse gas emissions is very important and should be done as soon as possible to achieve zero greenhouse gas emissions. Both forests and oceans play an important role in regulating our climate, so increasing their natural ability to absorb carbon dioxide can also help prevent global warming.

Reply to this discussion

Ilan Kelman added a reply:

Yes, we can address and stop human-caused climate change. See extensive details in the full technical reports of ipcc.ch

Mohamed Sarmoum added a reply:

I think it is difficult to stop global climate change, but, on the other hand, we can develop adaptation mechanisms with this change

Whether or not she herself reaches orgasm, many a female finds satisfaction in knowing that her husband or other sexual partner has enjoyed the contact, and in realizing that she has contributed to the male’s pleasure. (Alfred Kinsey)

Perhaps, at this level of knowledge and human sciences, different questions can be raised about what the world is! Questions that are not related to a specific field and are related to the whole world and its identification.

Perhaps these questions can be called asymmetric questions, so that these questions can raise serious issues to identify the universe, which will be easier to answer definitively. I will ask some of these questions, and I hope you friends will also ask such questions to shed light on this field.

Also provide challenging answers for these questions.

First question:

Why is it difficult to understand the function and identify what the world is?

And is this difficulty to achieve a higher goal? For example, the world must go through certain periods of time to reach certain states?

Or should the world, like a reactor, have materials with specific input rates and specific outputs so that specific processes can take place in it?

Second question:

Is the universe without beginning and eternal basically fully identifiable by humans?

Third question:

Is there a specific limit for identifying the world, which is determined according to the use of the world for us, and after this limit, it is not necessary to identify it? In other words, is it meaningful to identify the world for its application in human life, and it has no meaning without practical goals?

Fourth question:

Does this world basically have a unique foundation? And supposing that once we have identified this foundation, what do we have to do after that?

Fifth question:

Did intelligent life only have the ability to be created in these dimensions, or was there a purpose for the creation of humans in the prison of the third dimension?

The sixth question:

Did the current world have the possibility of realizing the current stable in any form, and its possible final states have no preference over each other?

....

I propose a discussion on my text "India and Ancient Greece: Similar Allegories, Analogies, and Differences". The text has been published in the volume "Discourses in Greek Studies", edited by Professor Anil Kumar Singh (Indo-Hellenic Research Centre, New Delhi). In our inquiry, we aim to investigate the analogies, correspondences, and similarities between Indian Cultural Heritage and Ancient Greek philosophy. Our study deals with the Kaṭha Upaniṣad and Bṛhadāraṇyaka Upaniṣad as regards Indian Cultural Heritage and with Plato’s Phaedrus as regards Ancient Greek philosophy. We will concentrate our attention on the image of the individual soul as a charioteer leading a chariot with two horses exposed in Plato’s Phaedrus. This image has strong analogies with the image of the individual contained in the Kaṭha Upaniṣad I, 3. Within this part of our analysis, we investigate the figure of the charioteer and the two horses of the chariot. We point out the difference between the souls of the human beings, on the one hand, and the souls of the gods, on the other hand. The allegory of the soul as the chariot in Plato’s Phaedrus proves to be a description of the human condition; the dimension of the earthen existence turns out to be the consequence of the imperfection of the human soul. This imperfection is connected to the absence of an adequate level of knowledge. Knowledge is, within Plato’s image of the chariot, a factor which hinders the fall of the human being in the earthen dimension. Knowledge is necessary to avoid the decadence of the human soul. Furthermore, knowledge is necessary for the soul in order that the soul can return to its original dimension. The earthen dimension is not the original dimension of the human soul; it is not a dimension in which the human soul ought to remain. The earthen dimension is a dimension which should be abandoned. The nostalgia for the authentic dimension of reality is one of the characteristics of the soul enslaved in the earthen dimension. The image of the chariot of Phaedrus has analogies with the Kaṭha Upaniṣad 1.3.3–1.3.9. Through the analysis of the Kaṭha Upaniṣad, we can observe that understanding is necessary for the human being to reach a dimension of reality which is different from the average life dimension; understanding is necessary for the individual to be free from the chain of rebirths. Constitutively, there can be a contrast between elements composing the human being, i.e. between the intellect and the senses. If the senses are not subdued to a discipline, they hinder the journey of the human being to the authentic dimension of reality. Only the development of understanding can enable the human being to train the senses in an adequate way. In this context, too, the idea is present that the human being should reach a different dimension if the human being wishes to be free from the chain of rebirths; the initial condition of the human being is a condition which should be abandoned. The average dimension in which the human being lives is not the authentic dimension of the human being. The image of the chariot introduces us, therefore, to a frame of correspondences between Plato’s Phaedrus and the Kaṭha Upaniṣad which can be listed as follows: - The average life of the human being is not the authentic dimension of the individual. - The human being is, as such, a composed entity. - Any human being has a plurality of factors in himself. - The human being is enslaved in a chain of rebirths. - The enslavement in the average life dimension is not definitive; an alternative dimension can be reached by the human being. - Only through a process of education can the human being reach the correct disposition of the intellect. - Knowledge and understanding are necessary for the human being to be able to lead his life.

Dear rock physics lovers,

This message is aimed at informing those I could not directly reach by mail, or through rebounds, of the upcoming international workshop of rock physics that occurs once every two years & will take place this year (June, 17th-21st) in Pau - UPPA.

In addition to findings on fundamental rock physics, its applications to the energy transition and its new constrains (e.g. CO2, H2, Geothermal) are eagerly hoped for. Abstracts submission deadline, for either oral or poster, is scheduled for the 31st March 2024.

Please refer to the dedicated website : https://sites.google.com/view/7iwrp

Best wishes,

Lucas

Hi everyone,

I am a PhD student exploring various genome sequencing approaches and NGS platforms before settling on one for my research. While searching WGS info, I found nothing helpful about the computational resources (hardware, software)required for WGS analysis so reaching out to the RG community if someone can share their experience, I'd be grateful to you. Thanks.

So, i m working during last month with GC-MS. When i'm making the extraction of samples e.g. PAH samples, i'm pipetting significant concentration of two internal controls into the solution. When i will reach the interpretation step, i have to use their areas and its concentration into the calculations to obtain my final result for each sample?

Thank you in advance,

Kiriakos

I synthesized a solution containing Cu2+ (0.5 g/l), Fe3+ (0.26 g/l) and Fe2+ (0.19 g/l) with hydrated sulphate salts and I followed iodometric method containing Starch solution (1 %wt), Na2S2O3 solution (0.1M), KSCN (1 g), KI (1 g) and NH3 and CH3COOH (at the first step of titration). Otherwise, I can’t reach the correct answer and I always calculate Cu concentration more than the 0.5 g/l. However, without Fe ions, I have reached to the answer only with 2% error. Additionally, the color of solution is completely different for these two conditions (Cu2+ with and without Fe ions). How can i measure Cu concentration at the presence of Fe ions?

I have been reading quite a few papers that deal with food dye and their effects on cells (ex. DNA damage etc). Many of them note the Acceptable Daily Intake (mg/kg) as their foundation for selecting the concentrations of the dye (µg/mL) they will use on the cells. I can't seem to find any paper that explains how they reach these numbers/do these conversions so I was wondering if anyone knew how I could find out?

Is utilizing Research Features Publication an effective method for broadening the reach of your research? I recently had a discussion with them, and it seems that there is a cost ranging from 2-3K associated with producing an article that incorporates multimedia elements and can potentially assist in reaching a broader audience. Has anyone here had experience with this service, and if so, what are your insights and opinions on it?

Hello everyone,

In my lab we are currently using the FRAP, ABTS, and DPPH assays to analyse antioxidant activity in medicinal plant extracts. However, we have recently received constructive criticism regarding the suitability of these methods for assessing the antioxidant potential of medicinal plant extracts.

Recognizing the importance of accurate evaluation methods in our research, we are reaching out to seek guidance from experts in the field.

We would greatly appreciate insights on the most appropriate and reliable methods for evaluating antioxidant activity in medicinal plants extracts.

Thank you for considering our request.

Abstract

This research proposal outlines an experimental framework designed to explore the gravitational redshift within the microtubules of neurons. Building on principles derived from atomic physics and quantum mechanics, we aim to bridge the gap between quantum phenomena and biological systems, offering insights into the fundamental nature of gravity's influence on biological structures at the quantum level.

The gravitational redshift is observed in samples as small as one millimeter.1 Gravitational redshift is a phenomenon predicted by the theory of General Relativity. It occurs when light or other electromagnetic radiation emitted from an object in a strong gravitational field is increased in wavelength, or redshifted, as it climbs out of the gravitational well. This effect is observed because, according to General Relativity, the presence of mass curves spacetime, and the path of light follows this curvature. The energy of the light decreases (which corresponds to an increase in wavelength) as it moves away from the source of gravity. This is because, in a gravitational field, time runs more slowly closer to the source of the field. As light moves away from such a source, its frequency appears to decrease to an observer located at a higher gravitational potential. This decrease in frequency translates to a shift toward the red end of the electromagnetic spectrum, hence the term "gravitational redshift."

The magnitude of the gravitational redshift depends on the strength of the gravitational field through which the light is traveling. The stronger the gravitational field (i.e., the closer to a massive body like a planet, star, or black hole), the more significant the redshift. Gravitational redshift has been observed in various astrophysical contexts, including the light coming from the surface of white dwarfs and neutron stars, and it serves as a crucial test for the theories of gravity.

Researching gravitational redshift in neuron microtubules would involve exploring whether gravitational effects within the brain, particularly within microtubules, could influence quantum states in a way that contributes to consciousness or cognitive processes.

Roger Penrose, a mathematical physicist, suggested that quantum gravity could play a role in the collapse of the quantum wave function. In traditional quantum mechanics, the wave function describes a superposition of all possible states of a system. This wave function collapses to a single outcome when observed. Penrose hypothesized that this collapse is not merely a result of observation (as traditionally thought) but can occur spontaneously due to gravitational effects. According to Penrose, when a quantum system reaches a certain level of mass-energy difference between its possible states, the gravitational difference becomes significant enough to cause the system to "choose" a state in a process called "objective reduction" (OR), without the need for an external observer.

This would require linking the microscopic quantum gravitational effects predicted by Penrose23 with the biological structures and functions identified by Hameroff4, an ambitious and highly theoretical endeavor that would bridge physics, neuroscience, and the study of consciousness.

The Orch OR theory is highly speculative and has been met with skepticism by many in the scientific community. One of the main criticisms is the lack of empirical evidence supporting coherent quantum states within the warm, wet environment of the brain, which many argue would lead to rapid decoherence of quantum states.

But that all seemed to change with the results of a recent study where, Polyatomic time crystals of the brain neuron extracted microtubule are projected like a hologram meters away.5

The role of gravitational effects in brain function, particularly in wave function collapse, remains a controversial proposition.

Research Proposal:

Investigating Gravitational Redshift in Neuronal Microtubules

Recent advancements in quantum physics have enabled the precise measurement of gravitational effects on atomic scales, as demonstrated by experiments measuring the gravitational redshift across millimeter-scale atomic samples. Extending these principles to biological systems, particularly neuronal microtubules, presents a novel approach to understanding the intersection of gravity, quantum mechanics, and biology.

Objectives

Methodology

1. Sample Preparation: Neurons will be prepared to isolate microtubules, maintaining their structural integrity.

2. Isolation Mechanism: Utilize magnetic or optical tweezers to stabilize microtubules in a controlled quantum state.

3. Frequency Measurement: Employ advanced spectroscopic techniques to detect minute changes in the vibrational frequencies of microtubules, indicative of gravitational redshift.

4. Data Analysis: Use computational models to analyze frequency shift data, comparing observed effects with theoretical predictions.

Equipment and Tools

Expected Outcomes

The successful execution of this proposal is expected to provide the first measurements of gravitational effects within biological structures at the quantum level, potentially unveiling new insights into the role of gravity in biological processes and quantum biology.

Budget and Timeline

A detailed budget and timeline will be developed, encompassing equipment acquisition, experimental setup, data collection, and analysis phases, projected to span over three years.

Initial Lab Hardware

For your research proposal aiming to measure gravitational redshifts within neuronal microtubules, you would need to integrate advanced optical and magnetic tweezers technologies. These tools are crucial for manipulating and measuring the quantum mechanical properties of microtubules with the precision required to detect such subtle phenomena.

Optical Tweezers

C-Trap® Optical Tweezers: Offered by LUMICKS, these are dynamic single-molecule microscopes that allow for simultaneous manipulation and visualization of single-molecule interactions in real-time. They combine high-resolution optical tweezers with fluorescence and label-free microscopy, integrating an advanced microfluidics system for a comprehensive solution to study molecular dynamics.

Modular Optical Tweezers from Thorlabs: This system provides a tool for trapping and manipulating microscopic-sized objects with a laser-based trap. It includes a high-precision 100X oil immersion objective lens and a 10X air condenser, making it suitable for a range of biological experiments. The system features adjustable force and spot size settings, ensuring precise control over the manipulation of microtubules.

Magnetic Tweezers

Magnetic Tweezers Technology: According to information from Frontiers in Physics, magnetic tweezers are capable of applying forces up to about 20 pN at distances of about 1 mm, using NdFeB magnets and standard beads. This force is sufficient for many single-molecule applications. Magnetic tweezers technology also includes electromagnetic tweezers, which offer efficient feedback loops for stable force clamps and the ability to modulate the strength and direction of the magnetic field with electric current.

Bead Tracking and Force Calibration: Critical for magnetic tweezers, bead tracking in 3D space and force calibration are essential techniques for precise measurements. The technology employs computer programs to track the bead in real-time and uses DNA attachment methods for single-molecule studies, ensuring accurate and reliable data collection.

Acquisition Sources

These tools, combined with your innovative experimental design, aim to unlock new insights into the quantum biological processes within neurons, potentially revolutionizing our understanding of the interplay between gravitational forces and biological structures at the quantum level.

This research has the potential to fundamentally alter our understanding of the interface between gravity, quantum mechanics, and biology, opening new avenues for interdisciplinary research and technological innovation.

If I may add, footnotes for this question: 1

Bothwell, T., Kennedy, C.J., Aeppli, A., et al. (2022). Resolving the gravitational redshift across a millimetre-scale atomic sample. *Nature*, 602, 420–424. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-021-04349-7

2

Penrose, Roger. The Emperor's New Mind: Concerning Computers, Minds, and The Laws of Physics. Oxford University Press, 1989. This book presents Penrose's early thoughts on the connection between quantum mechanics, consciousness, and the role of gravity in the wave function collapse, introducing the idea that physical processes could influence consciousness.

3

Penrose, Roger. Shadows of the Mind: A Search for the Missing Science of Consciousness. Oxford University Press, 1994. In this follow-up, Penrose delves deeper into the theory that quantum mechanics plays a role in human consciousness, further developing his hypothesis on objective reduction (OR) and its gravitational basis.

4

Hameroff, Stuart, and Penrose, Roger. "After 20 years of skeptical criticism, the evidence now clearly supports Orch OR." *ScienceDaily*, 2014. https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2014/01/140116085105.htm

5

Saxena, Komal, Singh, Pushpendra, Sarkar, Jhimli, Sahoo, Pathik, Ghosh, Subrata, Krishnananda, Soami Daya, and Bandyopadhyay, Anirban. "Polyatomic time crystals of the brain neuron extracted microtubule are projected like a hologram meters away." *Journal of Applied Physics*, vol. 132, no. 19, 194401, Nov. 2022. [https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0130618]

I am trying to run coupled flow-deformation analysis for slope subjected to rainfall infiltration with multiple time duration (i.e 1h, 3h, 6h, 12h, 24h & 36h).

For initial steps, I put maximum number of steps as 10000 to complete analysis, but after completing 3 stages, it gives me error that "Prescribed Ultimate time not reached". When I try to increase number of steps more than 10000, software doesn't allow me to do this.

Is there any Solution for this????

Hi, I'm currently fabricating double flow focusing microfluidic chip using SU8-2100 on silicon wafer.

Previously, I fabricated single flow focusing junction with 200um square channel using the same photoresist and achieved good definition and line profile. However, when i used the same procedure for double flow focusing junction, the problem arise is i cannot get a clean development on the corner of the junction. also, undercut profile is observed for the microchannel.

my current parameter is:

spincoat: 1000rpm (for 200um thickness)

soft bake:

- 65C for 8minutes (from room temperature, 8 minutes started when hotplate reach 65C)

- then gradually increase to 95C and stayed for another 60 mins.

expose: 12s at 20mJ/s

Post exposure bake: 65C for 8 min and 95C for 14 min

develop: 15 min

I wonder what else i should change since i tried increasing/decreasing exposure time, increasing soft bake time, and increasing development time.

Hi,

I'm in the process of developing a hydrolysis probe qPCR assay to quantify gene copy numbers of Microcystis 16S rDNA. In troubleshooting my cycling parameters, I'm getting resulting plots such as the attached photo, where a plateau phase is not reached but rather a secondary jump in fluorescence is observed in the late stages. I ran NTC samples on this run (they're labeled "Blank" in the photo), and no fluorescence was detected at all, indicating this is not due to primer dimers.

Does anyone have knowledge of certain assay parameters that may lead to a plot such as this? Possibly related to annealing or extension times/temperatures? Could inhibitors in my template cause something like this?

In the structures of combined rings, it is difficult to have completely symmetrical rings due to the delay in response time. Also, it is very difficult to reach a quality factor above 5000 in these sensors due to the wide response pulse width. Can anyone help me in this field (designing the combination of rings) to reach a quality factor above 15000?

thank you

I trust this message finds you well.

I am Purushotham Reddy Pothireddy, a master's student at Northumbria University in Newcastle Upon Tyne, currently pursuing MSc. Construction Project Management with BIM with Advanced Practice.

I extend my sincere gratitude for your willingness to participate in my research study. Your valuable input is crucial for the success of this investigation, focusing on the evaluation and implementation of the United Nations' Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) introduced in 2015. The study aims to explore perspectives at three levels: corporate, branch, and sector.

Your involvement is integral to the success of this research, and I kindly request approximately 15-20 minutes of your time to share your invaluable insights. Please be assured that your responses will remain anonymous and confidential, exclusively used for academic purposes.

Should you have any questions or require additional information about the survey, please feel free to reach out to me at purushotham.pothireddy@northumbria.ac.uk.

Your participation is highly appreciated, and I want to express my gratitude for your time and support.

Best Regards,

Purushotham Reddy Pothireddy

MSc. Construction Project Management with BIM with Advanced Practice

Northumbria University (Newcastle)

Greetings everyone.

I seek guidance from individuals experienced in NanoPore sequencing of whole genomes of non-model eukaryotic organism. Our objective is to sequence the genome of an amphibian species with a sizable genome (~5 Gb) utilizing the NanoPore long-read sequencing platform. Despite employing various DNA extraction and purification methods, achieving the requisite purity for DNA extracts has proven challenging.

After numerous attempts, we have managed to produce samples that meet the quality standards set by Oxford NanoPore, with A260/A280 ratios ranging from 1.8 to 2.0 and A260/A230 ratios from 2.0 to 2.2. The DNA is not fragmented based on a simple TBE agarose gel run. We initiated library preparation with 1 microgram of input DNA, in accordance with the genomic DNA sequencing protocol using the Ligation Sequencing Kit (V.14 chemistry).

However, our sequencing results have consistently fallen short, with a read N50 value of less than 8 kb (somethimes much less) and a maximum output of 5 Gb (after 36h sequencing, load the lib. twice), significantly below our target. I am reaching out to seek insights from experienced individuals regarding potential reasons for these suboptimal outcomes and to explore strategies for improvement. Your expertise and guidance in this matter would be greatly appreciated. Thank you.

I attach an agarose gel picture with our input DNA sample (first spot). The corresponding NanoDrop purity ratios for this sample are A260/A280 - 1.854 and A260/A230 - 2.088.

I want to know whether the temperature of the optical film must exceed the melting point of the material when it is ablated by laser.

Dear All,

could anyone advice me how to achieve a real value of density for polymer system? What approximately parameters of equilibration do I need to use? In my problem, I have a model of polyethylene, but after energy and temperature equilibration, a density value equals ≈0,82-0,83 g/cm^3 (the real value =0,9-097 g/cm^3 , literature value for such system reached 0,87-0,95 g/cm^3).

Thank you in advance for any suggestions,

Iryna

I completed the experiment for one of our colaborators (I measured inhibition of an enzyme by 3 compounds). Unfortunatelly compounds were not active in the range of dilutions that I had used (up to 10 micromol). Higher concentrations caused the paradoxically high signal due to (probably) interactions with the detection reagent. Therefore concentrations higher than 10 micromol were excluded and, in the end, I could not observe the full dose-dependent curves (and did not calculate IC50). If it was my publication I would left the results like this with the explanation why higher concentrations were not included. But the colaborator asked If I could "complete the curve" on the graph for one of the compounds. I would rather not do that but I consulted one of my supervisors and added dotted line in place where could be the curve (the highest concentration of compound reached ~ 50% of the maximal inhibition, rest of the curve was predicted by the program). I though, that the request was made just to make graph more pleasant to the eye. But later the same collaborator made another request - to calculate IC50 from that curve (where half was from the experiment and half was "predicted" by the program with the assumption that the compound will reach 100% of inhibition - which is not certain). The collaborator also asked to "complete" another curve (where experimental data reached only 25% of the maximal inhibition).

If it was my publication I would never do that. I do not want to suggest that I tested concentrations that I did not test and I do not want to suggest that the compounds were able to fully inhibit enzyme (which I did not prove). Also I do not want to create "artificial IC50" which could be used to compare the compound with different compounds creating false conclusions. But maybe I am wrong? Therefeore I want to ask:

Is it correct practice to "complete the curve" (to elongate the curve to reach 100% of expected effect) even if you did not test higher concentrations (because higher concentrations were to high for the assay). Is it correct to calculate IC50 from that kind of curve?

Can we stop global climate change? Does human scientific power reach the world's climate change? How do researchers respond?

Can we stop global climate change? Does human scientific power reach the world's climate change? How do researchers respond?

As you know, humans are very intelligent and can predict the future climate of the world with hydrology, climatology and paleontology. But don't countries, especially industrialized countries, that produce the most harmful gases in the earth's atmosphere and think about the future of the earth's atmosphere? Do they listen to the research of climatologists? What would have to happen to force them to listen to climate scientists?

Miloud Chakit added a reply

Climate change is an important and complex global challenge, and scientific theories about it are based on extensive research and evidence. The future path of the world depends on various factors including human actions, political decisions and international cooperation.

Efforts to mitigate and adapt to climate change continue. While complete reversal may be challenging, important steps can be taken to slow progression and lessen its effects. This requires global cooperation, sustainable practices and the development and implementation of clean energy technologies.

Human scientific abilities play an important role, but dealing with climate change also requires social, economic and political changes. The goal is to limit global warming and its associated impacts, and collective action at the local, national, and international levels is essential for a more sustainable future.

Reply to this discussion

Osama Bahnas added a reply

It is impossible to stop global climate change. The human scientific power can not reach the world's climate change.

Borys Kapochkin added a reply

Mathematical models of increasing planetary temperature as a function of the argument - anthropogenic influence - are erroneous.

Alastair Bain McDonald added a reply

We could stop climate change but we won't! We have the scientific knowldge but not the political will. One could blame Russia and China from refusing to cooperate but half the population of the USA (Republicans) deny climate change is a problem and prefer their profligate life styles.

I want to do serious research work on heart disease prediction before it reaches its peak level. It has been found in various research papers that patients reach the hospital when the disease has reached its peak level; consulting doctors and experts before disease maturity is an advantage.

Dear colleagues! I had to yield polystyrene particles of specified size 50-100 μm (at least 60-80% mass of initial monomer) by means of one-stage polymerization. I have chosen to utilize suspension polymerization in presence of polyvinyl alcohol (Mowiol 18-88) as stabilizer and partially succeed. But still I have no clue how to solve some problems:

1) Sometimes I can't reach 50-100 μm size, and most of time my main fraction consisted of 100-250 μm particles. I suppose I just used slow-rate stirrer.

2) Forming of microparticles (d < 30 μm or even about 1-2 μm, maybe), which yield can reach more than 60 % mass of initial monomer, whereas target fraction (50-100 μm) yeild is only about 25 % mass. I have no idea how these particles are formed, because styrene is hardly soluble in water media and I use benzoyl peroxide as initiator, so it must not be soap-free polymerization (it takes place while using water-soluble initiators, like potassium persulfate). Also PVAlc concentration in water doesn't exceed 0.2-1 % mass.

Unfortunately I don't know all aspects of suspension polymerization. Could your reccommend me some books or articles for solving these issues?

P.S. Also these particles must be soluble in organic solvents, so using of divinylbenzene as crosslinking agent is not allowed.

Can you help me with the calculations? I am performing crystal violet staining protocol.