Quantum Computing - Science topic

Quantum computing is a rapidly-emerging technology that harnesses the laws of quantum mechanics to solve problems too complex for classical computers in the era of Quantum computing. This conference explores the fascinating intersection of quantum computing for the variety of domains: artificial intelligence, blockchain, internet of things, robotic...

With the help of quantum computational methods, the current study aims to analyze the geometric as well as spectroscopic studies on N,N-dimethyl-2-[6-methyl-2-(4-methylphenyl) imidazo[1,2-a]pyridin-3-yl] acetamide (zolpidem). The optimized structural characteristics, viz bond length and bond angles, were theoretically calculated and compared to exp...

Quantum mechanics (QM) can be understood as a set of rules that forms the basis for developing all quantum theories. One of these theories is quantum computation (QC), i.e., computation based on QM logic. It is believed that QC provides paths to the problem solution that may not be possible for classical computers. Therefore, it has received attent...

The concepts of network nodes implementation and quantum computing based on photon qudits are technically in the early stages of development, well behind qubit techniques. Photonic qubit and qudit technologies are strongly correlated. Photonic qubit techniques received a development impulse from photonic PIC integrated circuits and significant prog...

Digital signatures are in high demand because they allow authentication and non-repudiation. Existing digital signature systems, such as digital signature algorithm (DSA), elliptic curve digital signature algorithm (ECDSA), and others, are based on number theory problems such as discrete logarithmic problems and integer factorization problems. Thes...

A new n-dimensional conservative chaotic model is proposed to quickly realise a conservative chaotic system. The validity of this model is verified by generating a five-dimensional conservative chaotic system as an example. This system is dynamically analysed from the perspective of Lyapunov exponents (LEs), complexity and phase diagram, which prov...

Topological materials confined in one-dimension (1D) can transform computing technologies, such as 1D topological semimetals for nanoscale interconnects and 1D topological superconductors for fault-tolerant quantum computing. As such, understanding crystallization of 1D-confined topological materials is critical. Here, we demonstrate 1D-confined cr...

While most approaches to geometric quantum computation are based on geometric phases in cyclic evolution, noncyclic geometric gates have been proposed to increase further the flexibility. While these gates remove the dynamical phase of the computational basis, they do not, in general, remove it from the eigenstates of the time evolution operator, w...

Optical fibres are generally used to provide a guided path to optical signals. Optical fibres are classified as multi-mode or single-mode fibres. Multi-mode graded index (GRIN) optical fibres have been prevalent in short-range optical networks, while single-mode GRIN fibres are used for long-range links. Another potential application of optical fib...

Recently, binary optimization has become an attractive research topic due to the development of quantum computing and specialized classical systems inspired by quantum computing. These hardware systems promise to speed up the computation significantly. In this work, we propose a new method to solve linear systems written as a binary optimization pr...

Quantum generative learning is a promising candidate to demonstrate practical quantum advantage on state-of-the-art quantum information processing devices in the near future. In particular, photonic quantum frequency coprocessors (QFPs) [1] leverage quantum-correlated light sources, a high degree of mode scalability, robustness to decoherence and i...

Scalable quantum algorithms for the simulation of quantum many-body systems in thermal equilibrium are important for predicting properties of quantum matter at finite temperatures. Here we describe and benchmark a quantum computing version of the minimally entangled typical thermal states (METTS) algorithm for which we adopt an adaptive variational...

Quantum Fisher information matrix (QFIM) is a fundamental quantity in quantum physics, which closely links to diverse fields such as quantum metrology, phase transitions, entanglement witness, and quantum speed limit. It is crucial in quantum parameter estimation, central to the ultimate Cramér-Rao bound. Recently, the evaluation of QFIM using quan...

Ferromagnetic semiconductors (FMS) enable simultaneous control of both charge and spin transport of charge carriers, which have emerged as a class of highly desirable but rare material for applications in spin field‐effect transistors and quantum computing. Organic‐inorganic hybrid perovskite with high compositional adjustability and structural ver...

Fast, high-fidelity operations between microwave resonators are an important tool for bosonic quantum computation and simulation with superconducting circuits. An attractive approach for implementing these operations is to couple these resonators via a nonlinear converter and actuate parametric processes with RF drives. It can be challenging to mak...

One of the first proposals for the use of quantum computers was the simulation of quantum systems. Over the past three decades, great strides have been made in the development of algorithms for simulating closed quantum systems and the more complex open quantum systems. In this tutorial, we introduce the methods used in the simulation of single qub...

We test the quantumness of IBM’s quantum computer IBM Quantum System One in Ehningen, Germany. We generate generalised n-qubit GHZ states and measure Bell inequalities to investigate the n-party entanglement of the GHZ states. The implemented Bell inequalities are derived from non-adaptive measurement-based quantum computation (NMQC), a type of qua...

Variational quantum algorithms (VQAs) hold great potential for near-term applications and are promising to achieve quantum advantage in practical tasks. However, VQAs suffer from severe barren plateau problems and have a significant probability of being trapped in local minima. In this Research Letter, we propose a training algorithm with random qu...

The calculation of higher-order corrections in Quantum Field Theories is a challenging task. In particular, dealing with multiloop and multileg Feynman amplitudes leads to severe bottlenecks and a very fast scaling of the computational resources required to perform the calculation. With the purpose of overcoming these limitations, we discuss effici...

The review article presents the recent progress in quantum computing and simulation within the field of biological sciences. The article is designed mainly into two portions: quantum computing and quantum simulation. In the first part, significant aspects of quantum computing was illustrated, such as quantum hardware, quantum RAM and big data, mode...

Radio access networks (RANs) provide for more user coverage, greater data speeds, and enhanced end-to-end performance with reduced latency, power consumption, and cost. Supporting high-performance applications in the 5G sector that need widespread user coverage and real-time cloud computing is possible with a cloud radio access network (C-RAN). The...

Quantum networks providing shared entanglement over a mesh of quantum nodes will revolutionize the field of quantum information science by offering novel applications in quantum computation, enhanced precision in networks of sensors and clocks, and efficient quantum communication over large distances. Recent experimental progress with individual ne...

The emergence of quantum computers threatens current cryptographic systems, and NIST is preparing for the post-quantum era through the post-quantum cryptography (PQC) contest. CRYSTALS-Kyber is a lattice-based cipher suite that is used as a PQC standard. Lattice-based cryptography is considered quantum-safe for quantum computing because a quantum a...

Health is the basis of a happy and successful living, and modern people have significantly benefited from medical advancements. More information is available to analyze the difficulties that affect our well-being with each new technology. Researchers may be able to answer previously inaccessible health problems due to analyzing and sequencing healt...

Due to Grover’s algorithm, any exhaustive search attack of block ciphers can achieve a quadratic speed-up. To implement Grover’s exhaustive search and accurately estimate the required resources, one needs to implement the target ciphers as quantum circuits. Recently, there has been increasing interest in quantum circuits implementing lightweight ci...

This research investigates the profound implications of quantum computing on the interplay between Quantum Supremacy and the concept of Parallel Universes. Quantum computing, characterized by its remarkable parallel processing capabilities, has the potential to reshape the landscape of computation. The objective of this study is to explore the pote...

We propose a new concept of fractal quasi-Coulomb crystals. We have shown that self-similar quasi-Coulomb crystals can be formed in surface electrodynamic traps with the Cantor Dust electrode configuration. Quasi-Coulomb crystal fractal dimension appears to depend on the electrode parameters. We have identified the conditions for transforming trivi...

Simulating lattice gauge theory (LGT) Hamiltonian and its nontrivial states by programmable quantum devices has attracted numerous attention in recent years. Rydberg atom arrays constitute one of the most rapidly developing arenas for quantum simulation and quantum computing. The $${{\mathbb{Z}}}_{2}$$ Z 2 LGT and topological order has been realize...

We provide a pedagogical presentation of Shor's factoring algorithm, which is a quantum algorithm for factoring very large numbers (of order of hundreds to thousands of bits) in polynomial time. In contrast, all known classical algorithms for the factoring problem take an exponential time to factor such large numbers. Shor's algorithm therefore has...

Hybrid quantum systems have shown promise in image classification by combining the strengths of both classical and quantum algorithms. These systems leverage the parallel processing power of quantum computers to perform complex computations while utilizing classical algorithms to handle the vast amounts of data involved in imaging. The hybrid appro...

Rare-earth nitrides, such as gadolinium nitride (GdN), have great potential for spintronic devices due to their unique magnetic and electronic properties. GdN has a large magnetic moment, low coercitivity and strong spin polarization suitable for spin transistors, magnetic memories and spin-based quantum computing devices. Its large spin splitting...

Simulating time evolution of generic quantum many-body systems using classical numerical approaches has an exponentially growing cost either with evolution time or with the system size. In this work we present a polynomially scaling hybrid quantum-classical algorithm for time evolving a one-dimensional uniform system in the thermodynamic limit. Thi...

Quantum computing allows the implementation of powerful algorithms with enormous computing capabilities and promises a secure quantum Internet. Despite the advantages brought by quantum communication, certain communication paradigms are impossible or cannot be completely implemented due to the no-cloning theorem. Qubit retransmission for reliable c...

A recent paper by two of us and co-workers \cite{CQD20}, based on an extended Wigner's friend scenario, demonstrated that certain empirical correlations predicted by quantum theory (QT) violate inequalities derived from a set of metaphysical assumptions we called "Local Friendliness" (LF). These assumptions are strictly weaker than those used for d...

We analyze propagation of quantum information along chiral Majorana edge states in two-dimensional topological materials. The use of edge states may facilitate the braiding operation, an important ingredient in topological quantum computations. For the edge of the Kitaev honeycomb model in a topological phase, we discuss how the edge states can par...

Steady progress is being made in the development of quantum computing platforms based on different types of qubit technologies. Each platform requires bespoke strategies to maximise the efficiency of the quantum/classical interface when operating close to the qubits. At a higher level, however, a shared interface allowing portability of quantum alg...

Although chiral semiconductors have shown promising progress in direct circularly polarized light (CPL) detection and emission, they still face potential challenges. A chirality‐switching mechanism or approach integrating two enantiomers is needed to discriminate the handedness of a given CPL; additionally, a large material volume is required for s...

Quantum chromodynamics (QCD)—the theory of quarks and gluons—has been studied for decades, but it is yet to be fully understood. A recent example is the prediction and experimental discovery of tetraquarks, which opened a new research field. Crucially, numerous unsolved questions regarding the standard model can exclusively be addressed by nonpertu...

Rapid growth is also being seen in the deployment of optical network equipment and the development of new network services for next-generation networks beyond 5G and 6G. Sybil attacks, wormhole assaults, and single-point failure are just some of the security threats that may affect optical networks. With the introduction of new B5G applications, th...

Quantum computing is a rapidly developing field that has the potential to revolutionize the way we process data. In this article, we will introduce quantum computers, their hardware and the challenges associated with their development. One of the key concepts in quantum computing is the qubit, which is the basic unit of quantum information. We will...

With the rapid development of quantum theory, the discrete logarithm problem and significant integer factorization problem have polynomial solution algorithms under quantum computing, and their security is seriously threatened. Therefore, a three-party password-authenticated key agreement scheme based on module learning with errors problem was prop...

Quantum computers are noisy at present in the absence of error correction and fault tolerance. Interim methods such as error suppression and mitigation find wide applicability. Another method, which is independent of other error suppression and mitigation, and can be applied in conjunction with them to further lower the noise in the system, is circ...

The quantum approximate optimization algorithm (QAOA) is suggested as a promising application on early quantum computers. Here a quantum-inspired classical algorithm, the mean-field approximate optimization algorithm (mean-field AOA), is developed by replacement of the quantum evolution of the QAOA with classical spin dynamics through the mean-fiel...

Modeling electronic systems is an important application for quantum computers. In the context of materials science, an important open problem is the computational description of chemical reactions on surfaces. In this work, we outline a workflow to model the adsorption and reaction of molecules on surfaces using quantum computing algorithms. We dev...

Simulating fluid dynamics on a quantum computer is intrinsically difficult due to the nonlinear and non-Hamiltonian nature of the Navier-Stokes equation (NSE). We propose a framework for quantum computing of fluid dynamics based on the hydrodynamic Schrödinger equation (HSE), which can be promising in simulating three-dimensional turbulent flows in...

Recently, quantum computing experiments have for the first time exceeded the capability of classical computers to perform certain computations – a milestone termed "quantum computational advantage." However, verifying the output of the quantum device in these experiments required extremely large classical computations. An exciting next step for dem...

In the lead up to fault tolerance, the utility of quantum computing will be determined by how adequately the effects of noise can be circumvented in quantum algorithms. Hybrid quantum-classical algorithms such as the variational quantum eigensolver (VQE) have been designed for the short-term regime. However, as problems scale, VQE results are gener...

The emergence of quantum technologies has led to groundbreaking advancements in computing, sensing, secure communications, and simulation of advanced materials with practical applications in every industry sector. The rapid advancement of the quantum technologies ecosystem has made it imperative to assess the maturity of these technologies and thei...

Particles that are atomic and subatomic constitute up the entire cosmos. The laws of the quantum world apply to particles as well. It is essential to unravel the still-mysterious enigma of quantum physics in order to comprehend quantum systems. The intricacy of the human brain is almost as complicated as that of the cosmos. All of the aforementione...

Quantum computing is currently experiencing rapid progress. Due to the complexity and continuous growth of knowledge in this field, it is essential to store information in a way that allows an easy access, analysis and navigation over reliable resources. Knowledge graphs (KGs) with machine-readable semantics offer a structural information represent...

Quantum computers have the potential to speed up important matrix-arithmetic tasks. A prominent framework for that is the quantum singular-value transformation (QSVT) formalism, which uses Chebyshev approximations and coherent access to the input matrix via a unitary block encoding to design a target matrix function. Nonetheless, physical implement...

High-dimensional quantum entanglement is a cornerstone for advanced technology enabling large-scale noise-tolerant quantum systems, fault-tolerant quantum computing, and distributed quantum networks. The recently developed biphoton frequency comb (BFC) provides a powerful platform for high-dimensional quantum information processing in its spectral...

Efficient methods for the representation and simulation of quantum states and quantum operations are crucial for the optimization of quantum circuits. Decision diagrams (DDs), a well-studied data structure originally used to represent Boolean functions, have proven capable of capturing relevant aspects of quantum systems, but their limits are not w...

Quantum systems subject to driving and dissipation display distinctive non-equilibrium phenomena relevant to condensed matter, quantum optics, metrology and quantum error correction. An example is the emergence of phase transitions with uniquely quantum properties, which opposes the intuition that dissipation generally leads to classical behaviour....

In the past two decades, one of the fascinating subjects in quantum physics has been quantum bits (qubits). Thanks to the superposition principle, the qubits can perform many calculations simultaneously, which will significantly increase the speed and capacity of the calculations. The time when a qubit lives in an excited state is called decoherenc...

We propose machine learning (ML) methods to characterize the memristive properties of single and coupled quantum memristors. We show that maximizing the memristivity leads to large values in the degree of entanglement of two quantum memristors, unveiling the close relationship between quantum correlations and memory. Our results strengthen the poss...

Quantum systems evolve in time in two different ways. There is a unitary evolution described by the Schrödinger equation that is deterministic and reversible, and there is a projective evolution (wave function collapse) that is probabilistic and irreversible. Universal quantum computation can be based on either evolution. If you use the unitary tra...

We propose machine learning (ML) methods to characterize the memristive properties of single and coupled quantum memristors. We show that maximizing the memristivity leads to large values in the degree of entanglement of two quantum memristors, unveiling the close relationship between quantum correlations and memory. Our results strengthen the poss...

In the current scenario of information explosion, one of the growing concerns of scientists worldwide is to manage the information storage and transmission by realizing the novel and reliable means of secure communication of data and information. This is essential to avoid any threat of the breaching of secret information on the part of hackers dur...

Diamond color centers with applications to single photon sources, quantum computation, and magnetic field sensing down to the nanoscale have been investigated using ensembles of near‐surface implanted atoms. Deterministic ion implantation for ions stopping between 30 and 130 nm deep is demonstrated by configuring an electronic‐grade diamond substra...

Hybrid classical quantum optimization methods have become an important tool for efficiently solving problems in the current generation of noisy intermediate-scale quantum computers. These methods use an optimization algorithm executed in a classical computer, fed with values of the objective function obtained in a quantum processor. A proper choice...

The generation, manipulation, storage, and detection of single photons play a central role in emerging photonic quantum information technology. Individual photons serve as flying qubits and transmit the quantum information at high speed and with low losses, for example between individual nodes of quantum networks. Due to the laws of quantum mechani...

Identifying a biclique with the maximum number of edges bears considerable implications for numerous fields of application, such as detecting anomalies in E-commerce transactions, discerning protein-protein interactions in biology, and refining the efficacy of social network recommendation algorithms. However, the inherent NP-hardness of this probl...

Quantum dynamics of a collection of atoms subjected to phase modulation has been carefully revisited. We present an exact analysis of the evolution of a two-level system (represented by a spinor) under the action of a time-dependent matrix Hamiltonian. The dynamics is shown to evolve on two coupled potential energy surfaces, one of them binding whi...

We introduce a novel methodology that leverages the strength of Physics-Informed Neural Networks (PINNs) to address the counterdiabatic (CD) protocol in the optimization of quantum circuits comprised of systems with $N_{Q}$ qubits. The primary objective is to utilize p