Quantum Computing - Science topic

Published by Springer Nature (www.springernature.com) "Next-Gen Healthcare: AI-Powered Medical Diagnostics" is a comprehensive investigation into the recent and developing world that artificial intelligence assumes in medical diagnosis. The goal here is to take the reader through an in-depth analysis of the use of AI in health-foundational concepts...

This paper focuses solely on the possibility of applying quantum machine learning methods to increase crop yield prediction accuracy based on multi-feature soil and climate data. The main goal is to increase the efficiency of crop yield prediction models, which are critical for increasing a nation's production and food ratio. Complexity also throws...

We show that counting the number of collisions (re-sampled bitstrings) when measuring a random quantum circuit provides a practical benchmark for the quality of a quantum computer and a quantitative noise characterization method. We analytically estimate the difference in the expected number of collisions when sampling bitstrings from a pure random...

High-dimensional quantum units of information, or qudits, can carry more than one quantum bit of information in a single degree of freedom and can, therefore, be used to boost the performance of quantum communication and quantum computation protocols. A photon in a superposition of 2N time bins—a time-bin qudit—contains as much information as N qub...

Four-bit input linear quantum computing with liquid crystal (LC) devices was studied using the Deutsch–Jozsa algorithm. A laser beam is split into four paths and passed through a configuration of twisted nematic (TN) LC device/(λ/2 waveplate)/TN LC device for computation. In order to minimize the effect of photon loss in the light path, a 4 × 4 mat...

Direct air capture (DAC) of carbon dioxide is a promising method for mitigating climate change. Solid sorbents, such as metal–organic frameworks, are currently being tested for DAC application. However, their potential for deployment at scale has not been fully realized. The computational discovery of solid sorbents is challenging, given the vast c...

Efforts to scale down advanced quantum processors with more numbers of qubits offer challenges since the integration of qubits is a significant obstacle in the path. Superconducting vertical interconnects in 3D IC integration can provide a crucial solution for wiring complexities, as shorter interconnections reduce energy loss when working in cryog...

Abstract-Measuring the distinguishability between quantum states is a basic problem in quantum information theory. In this paper, we develop optimal quantum algorithms that estimate both the trace distance and the (square root) fidelity between pure states to within additive error ε using Θ(1/ε) queries to their state-preparation circuits, quadra...

Blockchain and other Distributed Ledger Technologies (DLTs) have evolved significantly in the last years and their use has been suggested for numerous applications due to their ability to provide transparency, redundancy and accountability. Public key cryptography and hash functions provide security to blockchains, smart contracts and cryptocurrenc...

Ensuring the confidentiality of communication is of paramount significance. Traditionally, cryptographic practices for Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) have been primarily based on classical cryptography like RSA and Elliptic Curve, which are potentially susceptible to cyber attacks from future quantum computers with enough computing power. To ensure...

The construction of quantum computers is based on the synthesis of low-cost quantum circuits. The quantum circuit of any Boolean function expressed in a Positive Polarity Reed-Muller (PPRM) expansion can be synthesized using Multiple-Control Toffoli (MCT) gates. This paper proposes two algorithms to construct a quantum circuit for any Boolean funct...

As technology evolves, advanced use cases and innovations are redefining industries, creating unprecedented opportunities and challenges. This paper explores the forefront of technological applications across sectors such as healthcare, finance, education, and manufacturing, while highlighting cross-industry advancements like IoT, blockchain, and A...

The rapid evolution of technology, society, and the environment continues to shape the trajectory of global progress. Future trends span diverse areas, including advancements in artificial intelligence, quantum computing, and the Internet of Things, which promise to revolutionize industries and redefine human interactions. Environmental sustainabil...

Factoring large integers has long been a computationally difficult problem in classical computing, forming the foundation of widely used encryption methods like RSA. In 1994, Shors quantum algorithm introduced a revolutionary method for factoring integers exponentially faster than classical algorithms, laying the groundwork for quantum cryptography...

Quantum computers, with their unique ability to process information through quantum superposition, entanglement, and interference, are transforming the landscape of computation. These machines push beyond the capabilities of classical systems, solving complex problems with unparalleled efficiency. However, as quantum systems grow in complexity, the...

The quantum ant colony algorithm (QACO) is explored as a solution to the traveling salesman problem (TSP), targeting inefficiencies such as slow convergence and local optima entrapment found in traditional ant colony optimization (ACO) methods. By integrating quantum computing elements, specifically quantum rotation gates and qubits, into the ACO f...

In this research article, a novel all‐optical directional coupler switch is designed with multifunctionality for various optical network applications. The analog Silicon (Si) and Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) based annular crystal nano‐resonator in photonic crystal (PC) platform is used to realize the 2 × 2 structure and is further explored. The proposed...

While the advantages of photonic quantum computing, including direct compatibility with communication, are apparent, several imperfections such as loss and distinguishability presently limit actual implementations. These imperfections are unlikely to be completely eliminated, and it is therefore beneficial to investigate which of these are the most...

Current cryptographic systems, heavily reliant on classical algorithms, are increasingly vulnerable to the formidable capabilities of quantum computing. Notably, quantum algorithms such as Shors and Grovers pose profound threats by accelerating decryption processes, which could soon make existing cryptosystems ineffective. This paper stresses the c...

We consider an atom-cavity system having long-range atomic interactions mediated by cavity modes. It has been shown that quantum simulations of spin models with this system can naturally be used to solve number partition problems. Here, we present encoding schemes for numerous nondeterministic polynomial-time complete (NP-complete) problems, encomp...

The Global Employability Competencies (GEC) for Lifelong Learning is a comprehensive series of textbooks that equip undergraduate college students with the knowledge, skills and attributes that allow them to function successfully as global citizens at the personal, academic, social, and professional levels. This book first addresses the variables i...

Quantum error correcting codes can enable large quantum computations provided physical error rates are sufficiently low. We combine post-selection with surface code error correction through the use of exclusive decoders, which abort on decoding instances that are deemed too difficult. For the most discriminating of exclusive decoders, we demonstrat...

Kerr parametric oscillators are potential building blocks for fault-tolerant quantum computers. They can stabilize Kerr-cat qubits, which offer advantages toward the encoding and manipulation of error-protected quantum information. The recent realization of Kerr-cat qubits made use of the nonlinearity of transmon superconducting circuits and a sque...

Technological advancements have been the driving force behind humanity's evolution, influencing every aspect of modern life. This article explores the development, applications, and implications of technology across various domains, including information technology, healthcare, energy, transportation, and emerging disciplines such as quantum comput...

I published this popular science paper "Information Field of the Universe" in the monthly "Clean World" in Russian in 1997 [1]. This topic is relevant now. Therefore, I decided to translate this paper into English so that it would be accessible to a wider audience around the world. If we do not know the source of global information, then the develo...

Engenharia de computação com foco em qualidade, produtividade e inovação tecnológica Publicado em 26 de novembro de 2024. Continuamente, o avanço do desenvolvimento da computação quântica, Nanociências e Nanobiotecnologia, são algumas das tendências da maximização da inovação e da Engenharia de Computação em amplo espectro, com impactos para tecnol...

The measurement-based quantum computing (MBQC) is another universal quantum computing model, different from the conventional quantum circuit model. MBQC employs measurements on designated qubits in entangled states to perform universal computation. As theoretical research and experimental techniques advance in recent years, applications grounded in...

This comprehensive article explores the transformative role of artificial intelligence in network security, addressing the evolving challenges and solutions in contemporary cybersecurity landscapes. The article delves into how AI-driven systems revolutionize threat detection, response capabilities, and security operations across organizations. Thro...

Quantum computation and artificial intelligence are separately considered transformative technologies that are shaping our present and future. The prospect of combining the two paradigms portends astounding computing power and human-level intelligence for resulting technologies. One area that seems ripe to reap from this amalgamation is the field o...

It is a current trend of sparse architectures employed for superconducting quantum chips, which have the advantage of low coupling and crosstalk properties. Existing qubit mapping algorithms do not take the sparsity of quantum architectures into account. To this end, we propose a qubit mapping method based on binary integer programming, called QMBI...

In this work, we studied the use of Quantum Machine Learning (QML) algorithms for binary classification and compared their performance with classical Machine Learning (ML) methods. QML merges principles of Quantum Computing (QC) and ML, offering improved efficiency and potential quantum advantage in data-driven tasks and when solving complex proble...

The Fermi Paradox, encapsulated in the question "Where is everybody?" arises from the apparent contradiction between the high probability of extraterrestrial civilizations in the universe and the lack of evidence for, or contact with, such civilizations. This paper explores the paradox using a combination of astrophysical theories and quantum model...

Gen AI is making the banks and financial markets stand on the pinnacle of technological excellence, acquiring the power of data analysis, customer service, and risk management at an unprecedented level. This paper is going to examine several aspects of banking and financial organizations in which Gen AI can have an impact, namely, client onboarding...

This comprehensive article examines the transformative impact of edge computing on financial analysis systems, focusing on its role in achieving ultra-low latency processing and enhanced real-time decision-making capabilities. The article explores the architectural framework of edge computing in financial services, analyzing its implementation acro...

In this paper we study a combinatorial reconfiguration problem that involves finding an optimal sequence of swaps to move an initial configuration of tokens that are placed on the vertices of a graph to a final desired one. This problem arises as a crucial step in reducing the depth of a quantum circuit when compiling a quantum algorithm. We provid...

Quantum computing has long been a subject of fascination, holding the potential to revolutionize fields as diverse as cryptography, materials science, and artificial intelligence. With its ability to exploit quantum phenomena like superposition and entanglement, quantum computers promise to solve problems that are currently beyond the reach of even...

Quantum information and quantum computation have become a hot topic in recent decades. Quantum error-correcting codes are useful and have many applications in quantum computations and quantum communications. We construct a new class of quantum Maximum Distance Separable (MDS) codes. Our construction is based on a recent result of Ball and Vilar (IE...

It is quite common to use the generalized probabilistic theories (GPTs) as generic models to reconstruct quantum theory from a few basic principles and to gain a better understanding of the probabilistic or information theoretic foundations of quantum physics and quantum computing. A variety of symmetry postulates was introduced and studied in this...

A protocol for implementing a universal set of quantum gates, which are safeguarded from noise through geometric, dephasing‐free, and dynamical‐decoupling approaches is proposed. With properly designed Hamiltonians, the desired interactions are realized directly within the Schrödinger picture rather than relying on the interaction picture. This des...

The study of the universe—its origins, structure, and ultimate fate—relies on ever-evolving technologies to peer deeper into its vast expanse. While existing tools like the Hubble Space Telescope and gravitational wave detectors have revolutionized our understanding of cosmology, many profound mysteries remain. What is the nature of dark matter and...

The convergence of quantum physics and medicine has the potential to transform healthcare in unprecedented ways. Quantum computers can process vast quantities of data with unmatched velocity, facilitating more precise diagnoses and customized treatment strategies aligned with each individual’s distinct genetic profile. Quantum sensors can identify...

Fraud detection within transaction data is crucial for maintaining financial security, especially in the era of big data. This paper introduces a novel fraud detection method that utilizes quantum computing to implement community detection in transaction networks. We model transaction data as an undirected graph, where nodes represent accounts and...

The introduction of quantum concepts is increasingly making its way into generative machine learning models. However, while there are various implementations of quantum generative adversarial networks, the integration of quantum elements into diffusion models remains an open and challenging task. In this work, we propose a potential version of a qu...

Color centers in diamond provide a possible hardware for quantum computation, where the most basic quantum information processing unit are nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers, each in contact with adjacent carbon nuclear spins. With specifically tailored dynamical decoupling sequences, it is possible to execute selective, high-fidelity two-body gates bet...

As the field of quantum computing grows, novel algorithms which take advantage of quantum phenomena need to be developed. As we are currently in the NISQ (noisy intermediate scale quantum) era, quantum algorithm researchers cannot reliably test their algorithms on real quantum hardware, which is still too limited. Instead, quantum computing simulat...

Autonomous infr astructure and self-healing clouds are transformative concepts that represent the next frontier in cloud computing and IT operations. Autonomous infrastructure refers to systems that utilize automation, artificial intelligence (AI), and machine learning (ML) to manage and optimize IT environments with minimal human intervention. Thi...

Quantum annealing, which involves quantum tunnelling among possible solutions, has state-of-the-art applications not only in quickly finding the lowest-energy configuration of a complex system, but also in quantum computing. Here we report a single-crystal study of the frustrated magnet $\alpha$-CoV$_2$O$_6$, consisting of a triangular arrangement...

The semiconductor manufacturing industry is experiencing a transformative era driven by advancements in Artificial Intelligence (AI), automation, and sustainability initiatives. This comprehensive guide explores AI-driven yield management, highlighting the integration of advanced analytical tools, predictive modeling, and process control systems to...

The paper "Quantum Measurement Units (QMU)" presents a comprehensive framework for quantifying and describing quantum phenomena through a novel system of units based on fundamental quantum measurements. This system, which is integral to the Aether Physics Model (APM), introduces over 260 unique units that describe everything from fundamental electr...

In-line polarizers play an important role in the emerging quantum computing, integrated photonics, and ultrafast science. However, to our knowledge, no one has actually used in-line polarizers based on nano-gratings (NGs) in those research fields. Here, we present a novel approach to write a fiber polarizer that utilizes nano-gratings directly with...

This work explores displaced fermionic Gaussian operators with nonzero linear terms. We first demonstrate equivalence between several characterizations of displaced Gaussian states. We also provide an efficient classical simulation protocol for displaced Gaussian circuits and demonstrate their computational equivalence to circuits composed of neare...

The emergence of quantum computers poses a significant threat to the security of conventional public-key cryptosystems, driving the demand for quantum-resistant cryptographic solutions. In response, the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) conducted a multi-year competition, ultimately selecting four ciphers. Among these, Falcon em...

This work addresses the analytical solution of the fourth-Order Korteweg–de Vries (KdV4) equation, a nonlinear model describing the dynamics of optical soliton in (2+1) dimensions. To obtain exact results, we use the energy balance approach with two contemporary integration norms. The urgent need for precise mathematical representations in nonlinea...

The current development of Support Vector Machines (SVM) has reached a bottleneck, with issues such as long training times and weak interpretability when dealing with large-scale, multi-dimensional data. This paper introduces the concept of Quantum Support Vector Machines (QSVM) and achieves efficient solutions through quantum algorithms such as th...

We present a quantum algorithmic framework for simulating linear, anti-Hermitian (lossless) wave equations in heterogeneous, anisotropic, but time-independent media. This framework encompasses a broad class of wave equations, including the acoustic wave equation, Maxwells equations, and the elastic wave equation. Our formulation is compatible with...

Focusing is extensively researched in bioimaging, medicine, and quantum computation. However, single focal point and short focal length restrict imaging and optical manipulation at long distances. In this study, we propose what we believe to be a novel method, namely the coherent superposition of double-ring circular Airy Gaussian beams (DR-CAiGBs)...

The semiconductor manufacturing industry is at the forefront of technological innovation, driven by integrating advanced artificial intelligence (AI), analytics, and cutting-edge process control systems. This article provides a comprehensive exploration of the transformative applications of AI across semiconductor manufacturing, encompassing real-t...

This study examines the holographic representation of the quantum theory of transmission lines, which play a crucial role in quantum computing and quantum information. By utilizing Yurke and Denker’s quantum circuit network theory within the framework of continuous Multi-scale Entanglement Renormalization Ansatz (cMERA) in AdS space, we analyze the...

In photonic quantum information processing, quantum operations using nonlinear photon-photon interactions are vital for implementing two-qubit gates and enabling faithful entanglement swapping. However, due to the weak interaction between single photons, the all-photonic realization of such quantum operations has remained out of reach so far. Herei...

This article examines the transformative impact of quantum computing on the payment industry, underscoring its potential to revolutionise the security, efficiency, and speed of financial transactions. Quantum computing offers significant advancements over classical computing in processing financial transactions by leveraging superior processing cap...

With the emergence of quantum computers, traditional cryptographic methods are vulnerable to attacks, emphasizing the need for post-quantum cryptography to secure devices and networks. This review paper critically analyzes the challenges and future directions of post-quantum cryptography for Internet of Things (IoT). It provides an overview of vari...

Rapid advances in quantum computing technology lead to an increasing need for software simulators that enable both algorithm design and the validation of results obtained from quantum hardware. This includes calculations that aim at probing regimes of quantum advantage, where a quantum computer outperforms a classical computer in the same task. Hig...

This article comprehensively overviews advanced financial time-series systems' design, implementation, and management. These systems integrate cutting-edge technologies such as Artificial Intelligence (AI), Graph Neural Networks (GNNs), Reinforcement Learning (RL), and quantum computing to analyze, predict, and respond to financial market dynamics....

Publication planned for: December 2024  isbn: 9781009313476 The quantum information revolution has had a huge impact not only on quantum technologies, including quantum computing and cryptography, but also on the foundations of quantum mechanics. This book presents the information viewpoint on the foundations of quantum physics by highlighting the...

Quantum computing platforms are subject to contradictory engineering requirements: qubits must be protected from mutual interactions when idling (‘doing nothing’), and strongly interacting when in operation. If idling qubits are not sufficiently protected, information ‘leaks’ into neighbouring qubits, becoming ultimately inaccessible. Candidate sol...

As cloud computing becomes increasingly prevalent, the need for robust security measures to protect data during transfer is critical. This paper provides a thorough examination of advanced en-cryption techniques designed to ensure secure data transmission in cloud environments. Traditional methods, including Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) and R...

The provision of fairness in CPU scheduling is crucial to ensure reasonable attempts to utilize the computational resources. This necessity becomes even more important with the advancement of computing systems which are now beginning to be multi-cores and heterogeneous architectures. This review offers the first of its kind in terms of comprehensiv...

Qubits that are intrinsically insensitive to depolarization and dephasing errors promise to significantly reduce the overhead of fault-tolerant quantum computing. At their optimal operating points, the logical states of these qubits exhibit both exponentially suppressed matrix elements and sweet spots in energy dispersion, rendering the qubits immu...

InSb nanowires (NWs) show an important application in topological quantum computing owing to their high electron mobility, strong spin–orbit interaction, and large g factor. Particularly, ultra-thin InSb NWs are expected to be used to solve the problem of multiple sub-band occupation for the detection of Majorana fermions. However, it is still diff...

In the era of quantum computing, the emergence of quantum computers and subsequent advancements have led to the development of various quantum algorithms capable of solving linear equations and eigenvalues, surpassing the pace of classical computers. Notably, the hybrid solver provided by the D-wave system can leverage up to two million variables....

While the spatial mode of photons is widely used in quantum cryptography, its potential for quantum computation remains largely unexplored. Here, we showcase the use of the multi-dimensional spatial mode of photons to construct a series of high-dimensional quantum gates, achieved through the use of diffractive deep neural networks (D2NNs). Notably,...

Hybrid quantum-classical variational algorithms are considered ideal for noisy quantum comput- ers, as they significantly reduce quantum circuit depth compared to fully quantum methods like quantum phase estimation. This reduction requires a classical variational optimization task. Ide- ally, circuits are shallow enough to avoid quantum noise, and...

We study the electron and phonon transport coefficients of graphene disks and rings in the presence of Klein edges. We examine the transport characteristics by changing of the outer and inner radius using the non-equilibrium Green’s function approach. We find that the effect of the nanodisk radius is highly influenced by the Klein edges, such that...