Quality Assurance - Science topic

La flexibilidad y accesibilidad son indispensables, particularmente en países en vías de desarrollo, en los que el acceso a tecnologías sólo es factible en los centros urbanos.

ResearchGate Link:

(PDF) Improving Lean engagement through utilising improved communication, recognition and digitalisation during the COVID-19 pandemic in JLR's powertrain machining facility (researchgate.net)

Thank you for your gentle reply, infact i need to compare to research methods used for research on Quality Assurance and i need to compare them looking for pros and cons as part of my Mphil assignmnent.

That is what I'm interested in. I would appreciate if you obtain any useful information on that.

you can follow these steps:

Keep in mind that the specific steps may vary based on the data format and the type of QA layer provided. It's crucial to refer to the data provider's documentation or metadata to understand the information stored in the QA layer and how to interpret and use it effectively to estimate reliable pixels in the EVI image.

MAXQDA offers a 30-day free download version

Thanks for your reply Prof. Hack. And yes, I have used the quality flag as it says in the guidelines. I will take a look to the paper you just recommended me.

Dear Addin Mushtagov,

You could check the following two papers:

Hi Richa. Plain-vanilla ARIMA models will not help you because (in principle) they are not designed to manage those gaps. You need to get deeper into a model/estimation method that allows you to specify all those missing data points as non-observable variables to be estimated together with other non-observable variables in the model. I am sure the following (old) reference will help you:

A. C. Harvey and R. G. Pierse (1984) Estimating Missing Observations in Economic Time Series, Journal of the American Statistical Association, Vol. 79, No. 385 (Mar., 1984), pp. 125-131.

Jaroslaw Grobelny My first thought was in recruitment within Entreprenology we talk sometimes about the teachability index. But here I think you should look within the Big five theory. The attached article might give you some tips, General mental ability, personality, and job performance

Thank you.

If I were going to do this I might start with the attached search. Best wishes David Booth

Dear David,

It is great to see the discussion here! we are developing smFISH based QC method to quantify CAR DNA and RNA in CAR-T cells. looking forward to further discussion with you.

Andreas Chandra ,

QA systems can be roughly divided into:

Each stage can include multiple approaches. Could you be more specific on which part of the QA system are you interested on?

Thank you James! I have many more questions and happy to post on your forum!

Test automation developers and manual testers should have totally different skills. An automation team's focus will be different from that of a manual team's. Good manual testers provide a lot of skills that cannot be automated such as exploratory testing, understanding the context of the SUT, company, and industry, knowing the right questions to ask, and the ability to empathize with different groups of stakeholders.

That isn't to say that test engineers can't develop those characteristics as well, but it's not (or at least shouldn't be) the focus of their job.

You would find the documentation helpful.

For Collection 2 Landsat 8 L2SP, the ST_QA band contains the uncertainty of the ST band, in Kelvin.

Data range as 0 - 32767, Multiplicative Scale Factor 0.01

Reference; Landsat 8 Collection 2 (C2) Level 2 Science Product (L2SP) Guide

Dear Richard,

The MiniLab 3 seems to be among the last variants of micro-compounders produced by Thermofisher !

In our laboratory we have a MiniLab 2 version (volume of mixing of 7 mL), but also other twin-screw extruders going from 15 mL (Xplore micro-compounders) to hundreds of grams, or many kilograms!

I do not have a confirmation that the suppliers of equipment could provide specific compounding services.

If you have the possibility to give me some details about your interest by sending me a message via RG, maybe I will be able to help you with some ideas or we can analyze the possibility to do some compounding services.

Best regards,

Marius

PS: Please take a look on the PPT sent by me!

Dear Sajad Saraygord Afshari ,

Optimization algorithm in neural network

The process of minimizing (or maximizing) any mathematical expression is calledoptimization. Optimizers are algorithms or methods used to change the attributes of theneural network such as weights and learning rate to reduce the losses. Optimizers are used to solve optimization problems by minimizing the function.

Regards,

Shafagat

Polymer gel is a tissue equivalent material that shows changes in its optical and magnetic properties after irradiation, so that the gel could be used for 3-D dosimeter using MRI or optical CT

I agree with Dr.

Yi Qin This awesome! it seems I am unable to send you a PM so let's chat on another chanel. Also can you please answer my survey and share it.

Looking forward to hearing from you.

Dear Steven Cooke.

This question is related to Aviation wherein the assessment of airworthiness of some instrument found to be different in Operation manuals and Technical Manual. Operational manual is used by the Pilot/Operator whereas Technical Manual is used by Maintenance Engineering/Team. The Rating of instrument means the avionics component's operating scale with tolerance limit. For more details you can refer the avionics instrument specifications issued by various avaition agencies.

Thank you.

Yes, there is quite a number of them.

Kindly, find the below article that might help you.

SANRA—a scale for the quality assessment of narrative review articles

Published online 2019 Mar 26. doi: 10.1186/s41073-019-0064-8

thanks Diana

I t would be useful to know what has been done so others could learn from it

Dear Francine, Thanks a lot for your added discussion.

Best Regards

Haneefa

Dear Bhoj P. Singh,

No government in India has successfully formulated policies to manage the country's human population growth, which stands at 1.6% a year, down from a high of about 2.3% in the early 1970s. India is forecast to become the world's most populous country in 2030, up from 1.35 billion today to nearly 1.55 billion. The two main common causes leading to over population in India are: The birth rate is still higher than the death rate. The fertility rate due to the population policies and other measures has been falling but even then it is much higher compared to other countries. The formation of a national Indian planning commission for population control is viewed as necessary for motivating all people to reduce population size. More statistics are needed in India on environmental measures and population. Environmental degradation lowers economic status, which in turn contributes to poverty. According to a report in the Times of India (6 May 2010) the government of India will not introduce legislation to reduce population growth. Report said, “Population is a major concern. India is the world's second most populous country. Urgent steps need to be taken to stabilise the population for sustainable development.”

Below are the most effective measures which can be employed to control population growth:

1. Development.

2. Easy and Cheap availability of Contraceptives. ...

3. Education. ...

4. Eradicate Poverty. ...

5. Women Empowerment. ...

6. Spread Awareness. ...

7. Providing Incentives. ...

8. Legislative Actions. ...

Hope it work out for you.

Ashish

Dear Dieter T.

Thank you so much . You have opened my mind to an extra mile on this matter.

Let me work on it then I will come back whenever I need to know more.

Thank you

Charles

To determine the AQL level of a product use the table that is recommended by ISO 2859, NF06-022, DIN 40080, BS 6001, ANSI/ASQC Z1.4.

The three common levels are 0, 2.5 and 4%. Military and medical often use 0 to 1.5. There is no fixed level. It is determined by the product and the consequences.

Big Data database systems can be very diverse, because they can be different in virtually every respect. In individual institutions and companies in which Big Data database systems are built and developed, they may differ, among others: 1. Technical and technological characteristics of servers, disks and other elements of IT and network equipment, potential of data processing speed. 2. The type and generation of operational database systems supporting specific Big Data databases. 3. Installed applications for archiving, indexing, searching and analyzing information collected in database systems. 4. The possibilities of expanding and improving specific, existing Big Data database systems. Therefore, if there is a need to accurately compare specific Big Data database systems functioning in institutions and companies, then a universal, multi-faceted, multi-factor scoring model should be built, thanks to which it will be possible to conduct such comparative analyzes.

Best wishes

Good question

Hi Nikolaos,

Here you will find the answers you need!

Hello Ankita,

opinions are divided. There are analysts who advocate this and there are also analysts who regard it as manipulation of results. If I were you, I would report the result including recovery. With a recovery close to 100% (above or below) the error is not very large compared to the uncorrected result. In addition, recovery is an important quality criterion, as you have performed your analytics. With values around 100%, you seem to have done everything right. If, for example, a recovery value of 60 % would come out, then I would think about the entire workflow.

Regards

Markus

Agree with @ Roman Aleksander Tabisz. regards

One of the ways to improve the quality in HEI is to adequately prepare for the optimal use of Information and Communication Technology (ITC). These institutes should be run by ITC enabled administrative processes.

No such tools are used for quality requirements ...but some methods are used..

I follow

Suvadip,

From the context of your affiliation with the Atomic Energy Regulatory Board and from Paul Butchart's reply, I assume that you are focused on nuclear energy. Paul's answer is very good for the focus on nuclear energy.

If you need more general information, standards, or tutorials, then the International Society of Automation (ISA) may be useful. In particular, this ISA webpage may give you some direction: https://www.isa.org/standards-and-publications/isa-standards/.

I am guessing from the brief overview description of your project that you might be involved with developing assessments and qualifications for COTS instrumentation and control systems. If you need general approaches to hazard analysis for system safety, I recommend two books:

1. "Hazard Analysis Techniques for System Safety," by Clifton A. Ericson, Wiley-Interscience, 2005.

2. ""Engineering a Safer World: Systems Thinking Applied to Safety," by Nancy G. Leveson, MIT Press, 2011.

There is also the International System Safety Society, with a website at: http://www.system-safety.org/ , that may be of use to you.

Finally, my own textbook, "Mission-Critical and Safety-Critical Systems Handbook, Design and Development for Embedded Applications," Edited by Kim Fowler, Elsevier, 2010, may be of some use. It has specific examples found in medical devices, spacecraft, and military equipment. It does not have anything specific to the nuclear energy field.

Your question is very broad, but it does need to be asked. Many people have tackled aspects of testing certification and qualification over decades. I am not sure there is a definitive approach, other than what Paul Butchart has already given you.

Katarzyna thanks for your answers. I think I am reading it correctly. According to this video tutorial: https://www.usgs.gov/media/videos/getting-started-modis-v6-surface-reflectance-data-part-3

The bit sentence must be read from right to left and the bit word from left to right. It is shown in the minute 3:31 of the video tutorial

A review of process fault detection and diagnosis

Part III: Process history based methods

Thanks for the link Jeremie. But have you used it and if so, is it accurate?

It is the mass on column that is relevant and not the injection volume. In addition, you need a 'pure' 99% standard. The method MUST comply with ICH Q2(r1).

Dear H. Serkan Akilli,

Many university nowadays make the same move -- have the pre-established set of KPI (for example, the desired rank in the Times, Shanghai Index etc.) and them put any efforts to reach the formal indicators which correspond to the rank "Xth minus Y". The results are usually awful -- see the enclosed the classical paper on the consequences of stretch goals.

Kind regards,

Igor Gurkov

Yes, the curtailment sample size is just that; the maximum cumulative number of samples for a given sampling plan. If no decision is made and the curtailment sample size has reached the limit, no further sampling is required. Make a decision on the lot disposition, accept or not. This situation can happen (in theory) but with either good or poor quality the decision is made with the smallest average sample number compared to all other attributes sampling. See ISO 2859-5

I would not accept that an order for medication to be administered by oral route can automatically be administered by nasogastric or PEG tube. Prior to administering (and indeed ordering) any medication via the enteral route the practitioner needs to take into account the formulation, potential interaction with feed, type of tube, site of placement, and site of drug absorption for each medication. The practitioner ordering the medication should seek the pharmacists advice or whether the medication can be administered enterally (which in most cases involves crushing or dispersion eg., Omeprazole and others eg., enteric coated - thus slow release medications cannot be crushed. Each hospital usually has a list of medications which can be administed enterally

Pierre,

Thank you for the reply. All VIF's were 1.00. As far as domain, I'm modeling a machining process in the aerospace industry. I have attached the data file. TIR 1 is the response variable. 

Interesting you say error being too low. I was under the assumption that minimizing your error was the hallmark of a properly performed experiment. 

I appreciate any insight you may have.

Not at all

Check TRS 398 IAEA  document

Thanks for sharing your experience, Alan! The paper you provided, however, describes a totally different approach. Those interested in my original question might find the following two articles useful - although savannas are only partly covered there:

Please find attached some articles that may be of assistance to you.

Best wishes.

Carl,

The viewpoint of a stakeholder as to requirements completeness is entirely different than that of QA. For a business application, the requirements are generally very inadequate for the purpose of QA. In this case, QA needs to play an effective role in making the requirements more complete as to enable better testing. So, one characteristic is to either include QA as a stakeholder or include a requirements review and possible cleanup phase as part of the process.

Ivan

Good you shared your concern.

Begin with creating a good work environment through HR management. Agree with the HR department on SMART Quality objectives which should capture staff motivation.

Develop SMART quality objectives that drives the company wide quality for the various departments. Break down the departments quality objective to individual quality objectives of staff in the department in the form of job roles and functions.

Develop checklists to monitor staff performance by if you like quarterly reviews and appraisals.

Reward, Reward, Reward.

Implement consequence management.

I totally agree with the comment of Napoleon Ono Imaah

regards

Jose Luis

Estoy totalmente de acuerdo con el comentario de Napoleón Ono Imaah

Saludos

José Luis

Excellent! I also discovered that Autodesk has something along these lines, although as with all of these systems we need to try them to see what they can do.

Autodesk ReCap 360

I would suggest "The Art of Software Testing" by GJ Myers. 2. Secure Coding Principles by Robert Seacord

From a strategic HRM perspective, you could also look at the literature on High Performance Work Systems (HPWS). These are sets of HRM practices that should be beneficial both the the organization and for individual employees. An often cited overview of the literature was published in 1998 by Becker et al. (Research in Personnel and Human Resource Management). More recent papers include Evans and Davis (2005 in Journal of Management 31, 5), Boxall and Macky (2009 in Human Resource Management Journal, 19, 1) and Van de Voorde and Beijer (2015 in Human Resource Management Journal, 25, 1). This literature could help you to answer your questions.

Thank Dragos, I guess I will have to look into your suggestion.

Kindly reach out to Dr. John Ng'asike of Mount Kenya University, Early Childhood Studies Department , Thika Main Campus for assistance. He is a specialist.

Dear Zhou,

Cost of quality is the economic value of all activities/resources needed to achieve quality.  Many authors recognize four types of quality costs:

1. prevention costs, such as personnel training, product/service design, supplier selection.

2.. appraisal costs are those related to quality assurance and quality control activities carried out during or at the end the production process (process/product inspections or lab tests)

3. internal failure costs: the economic value of activities related to the occurrence of failure in products or service (reprocessing, product repairing, waste, extra man hours, etc.)

4. external failure costs: related to activities an organization has to undertake when the client detects a failure in our product or service (warranties, legal actions, replacement, extra freights, etc.)

You cannot expect to reach zero COQ, but the manager's task is to minimize total COQ, by an optimal combination of the four types of costs.

Many authors also recognize intangible costs, like sales lost to actual and future clients.

Unfortunately, I'm not an expert in LCC or TOC, but I hope you'll find my answer a littel helpful.

Kind regards,

I think one benefit is that your products and services would more easily accepted both at home and abroad as they comply with the requirements of the relevant standard setting body.

Many thanks,

Debra

For the issue of a certificate of analysis you can usefully refer to the requirements of paragraph 5.10 of the EN ISO/IEC 17025:2005 standard. The most important requirements are shown below:

Hoping to be helpful

Risk of poor flow of granules, soft tablets, large weight variation, and poor content uniformity of tablets.

In Process Quality Control System (IPQC) for Solid Dosages Form (Tablets)

This should be useful

Dear Rishabh

from my experience in the food industry 

there should be a documented  description for the cleaning process of each item 

How to clean - what detergent or cleaning, or sanitation materiel you will use   

 when to clean 

 who will clean 

 who will check up cleaning operation and how 

 some times you need chemical test 

 sometimes you need microbiological test  to avoid both mix up - contamination 

 this route or alike should be followed and any step should be documented and records kept-

 corrective actions case of defects should be considered

regards  

By definition, moisture content is the ratio of the mass of water in a sample to the mass of solids in the sample, expressed as a percentage.

For pharmacopeial purposes, residual solvents in pharmaceuticals are defined as organic volatile chemicals that are used or produced in the manufacture of drug substances or excipients, or in the preparation of drug products. The residual solvents are not completely removed by practical manufacturing techniques. Appropriate selection of the solvent for the synthesis of a drug substance or an excipient may enhance the yield, or determine characteristics such as crystal form, purity, and solubility. Therefore, the solvent may sometimes be a critical element in the synthetic process. However, the content of solvents in such products should be evaluated and justified. Because residual solvents do not provide therapeutic benefit, they should be removed, to the extent possible, to meet ingredient and product specifications, good manufacturing practices, or other quality-based requirements. Drug products should contain no higher levels of residual solvents than can be supported by safety data.

It is interesting to visit the research of Dr Manuel Area. He has write interesting papers on distance training

Thanks

yes, it is possible.  See attached document for more insights 

There are over 50 quality attributes (e.g. safety, security, portability, etc.).  These attributes are NOT specific to Agile nor any development strategy. They are specific to the requirements of the system being built or modified.

Different strategies are more or less effective in specifying, achieving, and verifying different quality requirements.  While Agile can be very effective in deal with functionality, most Agile methodologies fail to address quality attributes effectively.  XP effectively addresses 4 of them. 

An Agile team may address quality effectively, but only by ignoring most of the advice that Agile provides.  For example, quality attribute requirements should be identified early and often.  This is contrary to the Agile antipattern of Big Requirements Up Front.

You can find more information and a conceptual framework for quality attributes at www.quality-aware.com.

Models, frameworks, & theories are used interchangeably in literature. Although some philosophers try to differentiate between them, they are almost the same.

Dear Evans, I did a brief search on Google Scholar and embed the link to the results.   Good luck with your research.

I would like to agree with the views of our colleague Chris Harrington but add some more points. In case the method is not a standard one, a full validation needs to be carried out in the lab. To this end, the Eurachem Guide on validation could be very helpful. Further to this, in case the laboratory could not find any commercially available PT scheme for the particular parameter and matrix to participate in, a more detailed IQC could be used. In case no (certified) reference materials are available for use in the IQC, routine lab samples could be used under conditions maintaining there stability for a certain period. Furthermore duplicate tests could be carried out by more than one        competent and authorized (not "accredited") members of the staff.

Not necessarily as these Agencies do not always take into consideration the culture of the immediate society/institution. I know from experience in the Caribbean, some internationally funded projects at some institutions failed to meet accreditation standards and were not accredited by the International Agencies. In one instance that involved setting up a garment construction training institution with a workforce component, whereby trainees can work and study, the international accreditation standards required that the trainees/employees be searched everyday on leaving/entering the compound. Well, students were not use to such measures and did not subject themselves to these searches. The latter affected the success of the project negatively.

Best regards,

Debra

Prof:

In my region's experience with such integration, all the Aesean countries may not be at the same level of development, so allowances would have to be made where such integration is done on a phased basis. Here's what's available in ResearchGate;

Best regards,

Debra