Psychology, Experimental - Science topic

of the Study The assessment sessions took place during class hours in which the children usually study, in a schoolroom reserved for the study procedures, and under controlled temperature and lighting conditions and noise minimization. All participants were naive about the purposes of the study. Initially, weight and height measurements were perfor...

Introduction. High variation in the low-level proprieties of visual stimuli and varying degrees of familiarity with famous faces may have caused a bias in the results of investigations that tried to disentangle the processes involved in familiar and unfamiliar face processing (e.g., temporal differences in the detection of the first event-related p...

This chapter argues that musicking and musical absorption constitute a ripe field for phenomenological investigations because such musical activity engages a number of intertwined bodily, affective, and cognitive capacities, such as different forms of memory, attention, reflection and meta-cognition, imagination, mind wandering, and empathy. These...

Visual emergence is the phenomenon in which the visual system obtains a holistic perception after grouping and reorganizing local signals. The picture Dalmatian dog is known for its use in explaining visual emergence. This type of image, which consists of a set of discrete black speckles (speckles), is called an emerging image. Not everyone can fin...

Objectives: Among US firefighters, sudden cardiac arrest and psychological stress (i.e., PTSD) are the leading cause of on-duty death. Metabolic syndrome (MetSyn) may influence both cardiometabolic and cognitive health. Here, we examined differences in cardiometabolic disease risk factors, cognitive function, and physical fitness in US firefighter...

Developmental psychologists have spent decades devising experiments to test the intelligence and knowledge of infants and children, tracing the origin of crucial concepts and capacities. Moreover, experimental techniques in developmental psychology have been carefully designed to discriminate the cognitive capacities that underlie particular behavi...

Purpose: In this study, we evaluated changes in attentional capabilities and reasoning among early abstinent alcohol-dependent individuals after a 28-day residential rehabilitation program (not including cognitive treatment). Furthermore, we explored the role of individual characteristics and disease-related factors (i.e., length of alcohol use, h...

Purpose. Languages play an important role in shaping our brain and personality. Numerous studies in the past have found that bilingual and trilingual individuals outperform monolinguals on certain cognitive assessments. In some studies, monolinguals have outperformed the other two groups on emotional tests. Most of the studies have reported mixed f...

Araştırmacıların bir kısmı laboratuvarların öngörülemeyen kapanışı ve katılımcı temininde yaşanılan zorluklarla başa çıkabilmek, diğer bir kısmı ise oldukça geniş çeşitliliğe sahip çevrimiçi topluluklardan yararlanabilmek için laboratuvar çalışmalarını çevrimiçi ortama taşımaya başlamıştır. Bu süre., COVID-19 pandemisinin başlamasıyla birlikte daha...

Introduction: The mere presence of a dog in a therapeutic setup is known to bring about more positive outcomes when incorporated in therapy, dogs can bring about multifarious benefits which are not entirely tapped upon. Aim: This research aimed to study the effect of animal-assisted therapy (AAT), with therapy dogs, on depressive symptoms, emotiona...

Bu çalışmanın amacı, Web of Science (WoS) veri tabanına dayalı olarak uzamsal düşünme, uzamsal görselleştirme ve uzamsal yetenek konularında yayımlanmış makalelerin bibliyometrik analizini yapmaktadır. Bu doğrultuda, 1980 yılından günümüze 3114 makale yayınlanma yıllarına, ülkelere, WoS kategorilerine, yazarlara, kurumlara, dergilere, en çok atıf a...

Several lines of research within developmental psychology, experimental semiotics and language origins studies have recently converged in their interest in pantomime as a system of bodily communication distinct from both language (spoken or signed) and nonlinguistic gesticulation. These approaches underscore the effectiveness of pantomime, which de...

Different aspects of attention can be assessed through psychological tests to identify stable individual or group differences as well as alterations after interventions. Aiming for a wide applicability of attentional assessments, Psychology Experiment Building Language (PEBL) is an open-source software system for designing and running computerized...

Both tourism and nature have been proven to contribute to people’s physical and mental health. Most studies have discussed their positive effects at the conscious level, but the unconscious mechanisms underlying these effects remain under-investigated, especially in the tourism context. Using a psychological experimental paradigm called breaking co...

Experimental psychological research on the expressive aspects of children’s drawings has grown considerably in the last 40 years. It has reported consistently that children use the same expressive techniques as artists, despite varying opinions on how expressive drawing develops in childhood (e.g., U-shaped curve or age incremental patterns). The d...

Maintaining data quality on Amazon Mechanical Turk (MTurk) has always been a concern for researchers. These concerns have grown recently due to the bot crisis of 2018 and observations that past safeguards of data quality (e.g., approval ratings of 95%) no longer work. To address data quality concerns, CloudResearch, a third-party website that inter...

Philosophers have long debated whether morality is objective. But how do lay people think about this matter? A Philosophical Perspective on Folk Moral Objectivism discusses the philosophical aspects of this question in an accessible, integrated and coherent way. The first part argues that many empirical studies have been unsuccessful in fully or e...

People segment complex, ever-changing and continuous experience into basic, stable and discrete spatio-temporal experience units, called events. Event segmentation literature investigates the mechanisms that allow people to extract events. Event segmentation theory points out that people predict ongoing activities and observe prediction error signa...

Color harmony is the focus of many researchers in the field of art and design, and its research results have been widely used in artistic creation and design activities. With the development of signal processing and artificial intelligence technology, new ideas and methods are provided for color harmony theory and color harmony calculation. In this...

In order to meet the needs of people for the environment, physical, and psychological needs and to improve the characteristics of local areas, this paper proposes an urban environment measurement method based on wearable sensors. This method mainly relies on the previous questionnaire and tests the wearable sensor physiological data, subjective fee...

Infectious diseases have been an impending threat to the survival of individuals and groups throughout our evolutionary history. As a result, humans have developed psychological pathogen-avoidance mechanisms and groups have developed societal norms that respond to the presence of disease-causing microorganisms in the environment. In this work, we d...

Crowd density, defined as persons per square meter, is a basic measuring unit for describing and analyzing crowd dynamics and for planning pedestrian infrastructure. However, little is known about the relationship between crowd density and psychological stress and well-being. This study uses an experimental approach to determine whether higher crow...

Enfacement illusions are traditionally elicited by visuo-tactile stimulation, but more active paradigms become possible through the usage of virtual reality techniques. For instance, virtual mirrors have been recently proposed to induce enfacement by visuo-motor stimulation. In a virtual mirror experiment, participants interact with an avatar that...

This study aimed to develop a Japanese version of the Iowa Gambling Task (IGT) using Psychology Experiment Building Language based on the English version. Additionally, we tested the equivalence of these versions using a biological equivalence test. We randomly assigned 63 undergraduate and graduate students from several Japanese universities to ou...

This qualitative field study is based on interviews with 20 experienced audit partners in France and documents the dialogical dimension of ethical deliberation in auditing. We ask: do audit partners consult each other when faced with an ethical dilemma at work? Who among their peers do they prefer to consult and why? Our analysis provides evidence...

Starting basketball/sports at young ages, participating in practices and games for years improves children in various subjects. Chronic exercise provides a physical and physiological improvement, while also supporting cognitive development significantly. The aim of this study is to apply some cognitive tests that we think reflects some cognitive sk...

The influence of the natural environment on emotional well-being has been highlighted at the peak of the Covid 19 pandemic that saw most countries impose prolonged total lockdowns and movement restrictions on their citizens. While researchers have recently emphasized the need to focus not only on students’ academic achievement but also on their inn...

A frequently recounted narrative about the history of the scientific study of emotion moves quickly from the 19th century pioneers, Charles Darwin and William James, to the 1960s when the cognitive turn and basic emotions approach reemerged. The early-to-mid 20th century is often passed over as a period of behaviorist domination where little substa...

Recent studies have considered the practical aspect of professional and pedagogical competence formation of students of pedagogical specialties as future managers of the educational environment. Aim of the research is to develop theoretical foundation, methodology and psychological experimentation of psychological and pedagogical conditions for for...

In two studies, we examine the test-retest reliability and factor structure of the computerized Tower of London (TOL) and Go/No Go (GNG). Before analyses, raw results of variables that were not normally distributed were transformed. Study 1 examined the reliability of a broad spectrum of indicators (Initial Time Thinking, ITT; Execution Time, ET; F...

Different aspects of attention can be assessed through psychological tests to identify stable individual or group differences as well as alterations after interventions. Aiming for a wide applicability of psychological assessments, Psychology Experiment Building Language (PEBL) is an open-source software system for designing and running computerize...

Background In recent years, psychological studies with virtual reality have increasingly involved some eEmbodiment tTechnique (ET) in which the users’ bodily movements are mapped on the movements of a digital body. However, this domain is very fragmented across disciplines and plagued by terminological ambiguity. Objective This paper provides a sc...

Web surveys are an integral part of the feedback of Internet services, a research tool for respondents, including in the field of health and psychology. Web technologies allow conducting research on large samples. For mental health, an important metric is reaction time in cognitive tests and in answering questions. The use of mobile devices such as...

This book was written to address the gap between problems of system design and the results of theoretical research in the study of cognitive psychology, experimental psychology, and human performance. Many of the built human-machine systems do not work optimally due to forced demands or requirements on humans as users, which is not in accordancewit...

The study of higher cognitive processes often relies on the manipulation of bottom-up stimulus characteristics such as exposure time. While several software exist that can schedule the onset and offset time of a visual stimulus, the actual exposure time depends on several factors that are not easy to control, resulting in undesired variability with...

Misconception in psychology is a belief that is broadly contradicting to scientific evidence and is particularlycommon in the field of psychology. It is important to study misconceptions in psychology considering thecontribution of the effort to provide education or to demonstrate rejection of fallacies of popular ideas/themes.Misconceptions in psy...

Designing color visual teaching is one of the most fundamental courses for students major in visual communication, and is a crucial course for student to master and control the color in a good way. Computer multimedia technology (CMT) is a prevailing teaching-aided way in recent years. This study is to explore the advantages of CMT in visual psycho...

An important aspect in safety–critical domains is Situational Awareness (SA) where operators consolidate data into an understanding of the situation that needs to be updated dynamically as the situation changes over time. Among existing measures of SA, only physiological measures can assess the cognitive processes associated with SA in real-time. S...

White matter (WM) alterations have been identified as a relevant pathological feature of Huntington’s disease (HD). Increasing evidence suggests that WM changes in this disorder are due to alterations in myelin‐associated biological processes. Multi-compartmental analysis of the complex gradient-echo MRI signal evolution in WM has been shown to qua...

How have our visual brains evolved, and exactly how did this constrain the specific way that animals were depicted in Upper Palaeolithic art? Here, we test predictions derived from visual neuroscience in this field. Using the example of open-air Upper Palaeolithic rock art of Portugal’s Côa Valley, we point out the frequently recurring outline stra...

My PhD Thesis entitled ‘Functional Systems of the Human Brain involved in Body Knowledge' conducted at the Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University and defended at the Pierre and Marie Curie University on the 7th of November 1995 -Chapter II of my Doctoral Thesis, appeared in pre-print form in pages 52 to 68 written in English, and subseq...

Context: Motor Imagery based Brain-Computer Interfaces (MI-BCIs) enable their users to interact with digital technologies, e.g., neuroprosthesis, by performing motor imagery tasks only, e.g., imagining hand movements, while their brain activity is recorded. To control MI-BCIs, users must train to control their brain activity. During such training,...

Simple reaction time (SRT) is the minimum time required to respond to a stimulus; it is a measure of processing speed. Our study aimed to determine the variation in visual SRT with time among individuals of the same gender and between genders. We carried out a prospective, parallel group, pilot study involving ten male and ten female medical studen...

Extended Reality (XR) technology - such as virtual and augmented reality - is now widely used in Human Computer Interaction (HCI), social science and psychology experimentation. However, these experiments are predominantly deployed in-lab with a co-present researcher. Remote experiments, without co-present researchers, have not flourished, despite...

Alexithymia is a personality trait characterized by difficulties in identifying feelings and expressing emotion verbally. Recent evidence has shown the influence of alexithymia on moral judgments/decisions, however, the underlying cognitive processes associated with the influence remain largely unknown. Here, we addressed this issue by bridging lit...

Both oxidative and psychological (mental) stress are the likely culprits for several acute and chronic health disturbances, and adequate tests mimicking that are needed. Herein, in controlled laboratory surroundings, a PEBL (Psychology Experiment Building Language) test battery was used to evoke stress-related biological responses followed by track...

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate neurocognitive function in patients with panic disorder (PD) in comparison with healthy individuals and to determine whether there was a relationship between neurocognitive function, childhood trauma, and clinical symptoms in PD patients. Method: A total of 31 healthy individuals and 26 patients with...

This article describes Advanced Training Institutes (ATIs) and workshops on psychological experimentation conducted via the Internet. These programs, conducted since 2002, presented instruction that evolved over the decades to reflect changes in Web-based methods and techniques. The need for instruction in the methods and methodology of Web-based r...

Due to the outbreak of COVID-19, the teaching of psychology in college has become especially important, posting higher requirements on the teaching content and purpose of the course of psychology. Nowadays, the traditional course of public psychology in college only focuses on the prevention and correction of psychological problems among college st...

When designing experimental studies with human participants, experimenters must decide how many trials each participant will complete, as well as how many participants to test. Most discussion of statistical power (the ability of a study design to detect an effect) has focused on sample size, and assumed sufficient trials. Here we explore the influ...

The chapter presents a critique of “psychologism” as a “style of reasoning” that has dominated disciplinary psychology from its inception and set the course for how psychological phenomena are made intelligible and investigated. Styles of reasoning comprise distinct disciplinary frameworks for scientific argumentation that set the terms for how phe...

The Journal of Experimental Psychology: Animal Learning & Cognition (JEP:ALC) has always been the most prestigious journal for researchers investigating basic mechanisms of animal learning, cognition, and behavior. It is with great humility and honor that I currently take on the role of editor. Since its inception our discipline has been deeply int...

New computer technologies, like virtual reality (VR), have created opportunities to study human behavior and train skills in novel ways. VR holds significant promise for maximizing the efficiency and effectiveness of skill learning in a variety of settings (e.g., sport, medicine, safety-critical industries) through immersive learning and augmentati...

Digital badges (i.e., digital credentials for achievements) have been suggested as a useful and scalable implementation of gamification. Digital badges (hereafter “badges”) provide two potential supports for learning: (1) badges provide support for motivation by rewarding achievement and (2) badges provide implicit learning goals. The present paper...

Traditionally, conceptual thinking is explored via philosophical analysis or psychological experimentation. We seek to complement these mainstream approaches with the perspective of a first person exploration into pure thinking. To begin with, pure thinking is defined as a process (how we think) and differentiated from its content (what we think ab...

This study examined the contributions of low-, mid- and high-level visual motion information to vection. We compared the vection experiences induced by hand-drawn and computer-generated animation clips to those induced by versions of these movies that contained only their pure optic flow. While the original movies were found to induce longer and st...

Background: Patients with Major Depressive Disorder experience significantly reduced subjective Quality of Life (QOL), including impaired social and emotional functioning and greater fatigue and physical pain. Mounting evidence suggests that cognitive dysfunction (e.g., deficits in memory, executive function) contributes independently to the onset...

The exponential growth of data in many research fields means that revolutionary measures are needed for data management & accessibility. Both government regulations and scientific standards encourage open archival of research data, and the most popular avenue for sharing research data are online repositories. Most of the online data archives (e.g....

Virtual reality (VR) is a promising tool for expanding the possibilities of psychological experimentation and implementing immersive training applications. Despite a recent surge in interest, there remains an inadequate understanding of how VR impacts basic cognitive processes. Due to the artificial presentation of egocentric distance cues in virtu...

Electroencephalographic (EEG) activity in the gamma (30–80 Hz) range is related to a variety of sensory and cognitive processes which are frequently impaired in schizophrenia. Auditory steady-state response at 40-Hz (40-Hz ASSR) is utilized as an index of gamma activity and is proposed as a biomarker of schizophrenia. Nevertheless, the link between...

The Restorative Justice and Applied Behavior Analysis Alliance International’s Individual Functional and Psychological Assessment Protocols are applications of indirect, psychological, experimental, and descriptive analysis technologies. It is a study used to create a behavioral and psychological profile, sometimes called an FBPA, on the student. T...

Objective: To observe the effects of a fast-acute ascent to high altitude on brain cognitive function and transcranial doppler parameters in order to understand the physiological countermeasures of hypoxia. Methods: 17 high-altitude-naïve male subjects (mean age was 26.3 � 8.1 years) participated in the study. We measured Critical Flicker Fusion Fr...

In this review paper, we discuss how the overarching concept of prehabilitation is applicable to alcohol dependence. Central to prehabilitation are the concepts of expected harm, risks, and proactive planning to eliminate the harm or cope with the risks. We review the evidence from animal models, psychological experimental studies, as well as pharm...

Attention is a research field that has produced, since its beginnings, a growing interest involving areas of apparently different investigations, among which: philosophy; branches of psychology, such as developmental psychology, social psychology, experimental psychology; areas of cognitive science, such as artificial intelligence and the simulatio...

All experimenters know that human and animal subjects do not respond uniformly to experimental treatments. Yet theories and findings in experimental psychology either ignore this causal effect heterogeneity or treat it as uninteresting error. This is the case even when data are available to examine effect heterogeneity directly, in within-subjects...

Electroencephalography (EEG) is a non-invasive technique that provides an accurate measure of neurophysiological functions during different brain tasks and conditions. Applications of this technique are very important since they allow researchers to explore a wide number of domains where it is interesting to understand the different neural events....

The paper analyses the methodology of economic lab experiments on human behaviour in the light of Barad’s ‘agential realism’. Experimenters conventionally think that experiments identify properties that human individuals have, independent from the experimental setting (the ‘preferences’ or ‘values’, etc.), so that lab results generalize for the ent...

Horrified by the Holocaust, social psychologist Stanley Milgram wondered if he could recreate the Holocaust in the laboratory setting. Unabated for more than half a century, his (in)famous results have continued to intrigue scholars. Based on unpublished archival data from Milgram’s personal collection, volume one of this two-volume set introduces...

Dear Readers, It is a great honor for us to publish eighth volume, four issue of Global Journal of Psychology Research: New Trends and Issues (GJPR). Global Journal of Psychology Research: New Trends and Issues welcomes original empirical investigations and comprehensive literature review articles focusing on psychological issues and related discip...

EEG and psychological (heart rate,EDR,blood pressure,frontalis emg,skin temperature) data on somatizers seen in the EVMS , Behavioral Medicine clinic.Minor paroxysmal EEG dysrhythmias were seen in abundance and showed robust relationships to clinical presentation and psychological experimental stress induction.

Background: Cognitive and psychosocial dysfunction are prevalent and disabling features of Major Depressive Disorder (MDD). Emerging evidence suggests that poor cognitive functioning mediates the negative effect of MDD on psychosocial function. However, there is a lack of research examining the domain-specific nature of this relationship. The curre...