Psychiatry - Science topic

Introduction: On 2 October 2020, a violent storm (Alex) reached the French Riviera and caused significant damage in three inhabited valleys in the hinterland of the city of Nice. Entire populations were exposed to prolonged stress (no means of communication, electricity nor water) and were particularly at risk of suffering from psychological conse...

De interuniversitaire postacademische vorming is een 2-jarige opleiding georganiseerd in de vorm van thematische seminaries. De seminaries worden ingeleid door deskundigen en er wordt ruim tijd voorzien voor discussie. De lessen gaan steeds door op een vrijdag met een ochtend- en een namiddagmodule. De deuren zijn ’s ochtends geopend vanaf 8.00 uur...

Many individuals living with severe mental illness, such as schizophrenia, present cognitive deficits and reasoning biases negatively impacting clinical and functional trajectories. Remote cognitive assessment presents many opportunities for advancing research and treatment but has yet to be widely used in psychiatric populations. We conducted a sc...

This paper will be presented at the European Conference on Management Leadership and Governance (ECMLG2022 - Lisbon) Background: To be accountable to laws and regulations, healthcare professionals spend more than 40% of their time on administrative tasks. The Compulsory Mental Healthcare Act (CMHA) was introduced in Dutch mental healthcare in 202...

This article examines five arguments on the use of non-hallucinogenic psychedelics in psychiatry. The authors argue that researchers and physicians should continue to use hallucinogenic psychedelics because current data support their therapeutic effect. If equally safe and efficacious non-hallucinogenic psychedelics were developed, these should als...

Assistive systems based on Artificial Intelligence (AI) are bound to reshape decision-making in all areas of society. One of the most intricate challenges arising from their implementation in high-stakes environments such as medicine concerns their frequently unsatisfying levels of explainability, especially in the guise of the so-called black-box...

https://cup.columbia.edu/book/you-are-fundamental/9783838217031 Most studies of consciousness proceed from a standpoint where external reality already pre-exists. As such, these studies would be inherently unable to recognize it if consciousness in fact arose at the same level where reality itself takes its source—at the level where, technically,...

Religious persecution is a leading cause of global displacement. In the absence of supporting evidence, presenting a credible oral asylum claim based on religion is a difficult task for asylum-seekers. Asylum officials, in turn, face considerable challenges in evaluating the credibility of asylum-seekers’ claims to determine their eligibility for r...

We need analyses capturing major sources of population diversity

Axel Honneths Anerkennungstheorie gilt als eine der prominentesten Gesellschaftstheorien der Gegenwart. Zentral für sein Verständnis von Anerkennung ist deren doppelte Charakterisierung als transzendentale Voraussetzung von Freiheit sowie als empirisches, intersubjektives Phänomen. Diese The-orie wird hier für die Analyse von Anerkennungsverhältnis...

Burnout is a state of emotional, physical, and mental exhaustion often caused by excessive and prolonged stress. Given the emotionally and often physically demanding nature of the work of correctional professionals, they are at substantial risk of suffering the adverse consequences of burnout. We systematically reviewed (Stage 1) the influence of b...

Citation: Gregory Russell-Jones.(2022). Functional Vitamin B12 deficiency in Chronic Fatigue Syndrome. Int J Psychiatry 7(3): 153-158. Abstract Chronic Fatigue Syndrome/Myalgic encephalomyelitis (CFS/ME) is a complex chronic condition, characterized by periods of extreme fatigue, for which an underlying medical condition has previously not been ide...

Background Although shared treatment decision-making with patients requires attention, it is not widely implemented, particularly in the field of psychiatry. The aim of this study was to assess whether a shared decision-making (SDM) training program for clinicians based on the major depressive disorder (MDD) guidelines improved the perceived involv...

Ekbom has contributed lavishly to psychiatry. Three clinical syndromes bear his name in memorium. These are namely Ekbom’s syndrome (s)- delusional parasitosis; restless leg syndrome; and pleurothotonus. Herein, authors touch briefly on these entities.

This 1-page ppt slide summarises mind control projects run by the CIA in 1950-1953: Bluebird, Artichoke, MK-ULTRA, and the CIA interest in cyberspace and "mind management" in the 2000s. It highlights the potential link between past interests in mind control including of children (as well as other vulnerable groups) with ai, and in the 2000s with co...

In this paper, I examine Reinforcement Learning (RL) modelling practice in psychiatry, in the context of alcohol use disorders. I argue that the epistemic roles RL currently plays in the development of psychiatric classification and search for explanations of clinically relevant phenomena are best appreciated in terms of Chang’s (2004) account of e...

Aim: Given this research attention on the dynamical aspects of psychiatric disorders in recent years and their clinical significance, this article seeks to provide a computational model capturing the heterogeneous individual evolutions of psychiatric disorders.Methods: We propose a 3+1 dimensional toy-model reproducing the clinical observations enc...

We need analyses capturing major sources of population diversity

Medical students have unique learning about mental illness and that is not just related to rotations in psychiatry wards

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is associated with neurocognitive impairment, including executive dysfunctioning and social cognition (SC) deficits. Cognitive remediation (CR) is a behavioral training-based intervention aiming to improve cognitive processes. Its first use in psychiatry interested patients with schizophrenia, in whom promising result...

Alice in Wonderland Syndrome, or Todd’s Disease, is a neurological disorder caused by the incorrect transmission of messages to the brain. Alice in Wonderland Syndrome was first discovered by a psychiatrist named Todd. He named the disease after the famous story of Alice in Wonderland, Alice Syndrome. The severity of the symptoms of Alice syndrome...

Psychiatrists are medical doctors who specialize in mental health. The mind and its effects on behavior and health are their fields of specialization. According to Cecchin et al. (2018), they often collaborate to combat the stigma further and improve access to care for those suffering from mental health issues. Furthermore, they are dedicated to as...

In ancient day’s people are of a believe that mental illness is caused, when a spirits get into the body of a person, day-by-day stigma related to the mental illness is being arising vastly. One of the rudest behaviour of people is used to neglect that mentally ill person from the family & society. People are of a view that the faith healers wou...

The purpose of this short paper is to show how Jung, who deceased in 1961, as a psychiatrist was a relevant transdisciplinary author and practitioner, considering two references in that sense, which corroborate the model we have developed and published as part of our HPTD-M (see Figure 1). Crema, the current dean of UNIPAZ, considered the proposal...

Background: Clozapine has the greatest efficacy for treatment-resistant schizophrenia (TRS), even though its underutilization is not uncommon across different countries. This study aimed to investigate the knowledge and attitude of Iranian psychiatrists toward clozapine use. Method: In this cross-sectional study, a questionnaire was distributed...

V Di Nicola (Invited Plenary), “From Social to Personal Being: Social Psychiatry Approaches to Meet Clinical Challenges,” WPA WASP Plenary Symposium, A Javed, V Di Nicola (Co-Chairs), R Chadda, V Di Nicola A Molodynski (Presenters), “Prioritizing Social Psychiatry Approaches in Mental Health Care,” 22nd World Congress of Psychiatry: “The Need for E...

Human body movements are important for emotion recognition and social communication and have received extensive attention from researchers. In this field, emotional biological motion stimuli, as depicted by point-light displays, are widely used. However, the number of stimuli in the existing material library is small, and there is a lack of standar...

This article traces the development of a transnational psychiatric collaboration between psychiatrists and psychologists in Turkey and Israel in the wake of a massive earthquake that struck Turkey in 1999. Based on extended ethnographic fieldwork in sites across the earthquake region, the project on which this article is based is concerned with how...

Stigma related to mental illness and psychiatry remains a negative attribute in all social dealings. On behalf of the WPA Working Group on Medical Students, our team was given the task to develop and publish an educational module specifically focusing on mental health stigma. Systematic literature search and interviews with stakeholders were condu...

Treatment-resistance schizophrenia (TRS) is one of the psychiatric challenges. While clozapine is an effective treatment for patients with TRS, there are some barriers to clozapine prescribing in these patients. The study aims to explore the barriers from Iranian psychiatrists’ points of view. The study was conducted by a qualitative approach using...

This summarises my forthcoming journal article titled a “A Critique of Critical Psychiatry”. The full article is almost ten thousand words and gets a bit technical so this is a more accessible summary. I don’t fully justify the arguments in this summary, so please check the main article for all the nuances, arguments, examples, and full citations.

The contemporary form of critical psychiatry and psychology focused on here follows Thomas Szasz in arguing that many of the concepts and practices of psychiatry are unscientific, value-laden, and epistemically violent. These claims are based on what I call the 'comparativist' critique, referred to as such since the argument relies on comparing psy...

Objectives Recent studies showed that physicians' well-being, happiness, and sense of meaning can be easily challenged and even threatened, while their coping mechanisms are often insufficient to prevent exhaustion and burnout. The aim of this case study is to assess these components; to see how they are interconnected and to compare results with p...

We study the statistical properties of facial behaviour altered by the regulation of brain arousal in the clinical domain of psychiatry. The underlying mechanism is linked to the empirical interpretation of the vigilance continuum as behavioral surrogate measurement for certain states of mind. We name the presented measurement in the sense of the c...

In this article, I draw on two sets of sources to explore how Peruvian doctors tried to make sense of what had driven a man to engage in necrophilia in late 1942. On the one hand, I examine the case history and other related documentation that I located in Lima’s psychiatric hospital. On the other, I study a detailed article written on the case by...

In the last decades, third wave approaches in cognitive-behavioral therapies (CBT) have shown effectiveness in treating several mental disorders, including schizophrenia spectrum disorders (SSD). Three crucial processes associated with clinical changes in patients include mindfulness, psychological flexibility (PF) and self-compassion (SC). PF is g...

There is a debate in psychiatry regarding whether it is better to use neo-Kraepelinian diagnostic categories or unitary models of psychosis in clinical practice. This article argues that clinicians should use either model as appropriate for the case in question, along with the conceptual framework used in the clinical management of psychosis withou...

Schizophrenia (SCZ) is a debilitating, destructive, and chronic mental disorder and affects approximately one percent of the human population. Diagnosis in psychiatry is based on the patient’s descriptions of his/her symptoms, interviewer’s observations, history of disorder over time, and response to treatment. All of these data measure phenotype-b...

Zusammenfassung Die Abwehr von Gefahren für Dritte als Aufgabe der Psychiatrie wird kontrovers diskutiert und immer wieder grundsätzlich infrage gestellt. Ethisch sind Zwangsmaßnahmen oder Zwangsbehandlungen im Kontext von Fremdgefährdung in jedem Fall begründungsbedürftig. In diesem Beitrag wird zunächst dargestellt, wie sich Maßnahmen gegen den W...

Creating residencies that produce psychiatrists who are skilled and interested in working in under resourced areas, especially in community and rural settings is challenging. State and private agency collaboration can be an effective approach to enhancing such training. These resources for education have the goals of improving access and services,...

Objectives The growing rate of retraction of scientific publications has attracted much attention within the academic community, but there is little knowledge about the nature of such retractions in schizophrenia-related research. This study aimed to analyze the characteristics of retractions of schizophrenia-related publications. Materials and me...

Justin Garson has recently advanced a Generalised Selected Effects Theory of biological proper function. According to Garson, his theory spells trouble for the Dysfunction Account of Disorder. This paper argues that Garson’s critique of the Dysfunction Account from the Generalised Theory fails, and that we should reject the Generalised Theory outri...

Psychiatric morbidity among the patients of first ever Ischaemic Stroke

Résumé Introduction L’expertise judiciaire fait fréquemment l’objet de publications ; cependant, peu de travaux francophones s’intéressent aux modalités de restitution écrite d’une évaluation expertale, c’est-à-dire à la manière dont le rapport d’expertise est présenté et rédigé par son auteur, dans l’objectif de répondre aux questions posées par...

Communication skills are paramount in all areas of medicine but particularly in psychiatry due to the challenges posed by mental health patients and the essential role of communication from diagnosis to treatment. Despite the prevalence of psychiatric disorders in different medical specialties, particularly in primary care settings, communication s...

The anatomicalAnatomical view is the approach often used to understand the brainBrain. This view largely relies upon brainwavesBrainwave, their relation to neuropsychiatric disordersNeuropsychiatric disorder, namely epilepsyEpilepsy, and their application to brain mappingBrain mapping, brainBrain-computer interfaces, and consciousnessConsciousness....

The Viennese psychiatrist Rudolf Allers was one of the principal authors that studied character and contributed to understanding its development and education, including the neurotic character. His psychological observations were based on his own clinical experience, his individual psychology, phenomenological and existential philosophies, and, abo...

This excellent summer seminar is open to psychiatrists, trainees in psychiatry and psychologists.

Background Early prediction of high depressive symptoms is crucial for selective intervention and the minimization of functional impairment. Recent cross-sectional studies indicated decision-making deficits in depression, which may be an important contributor to the disorder. Our goal was to test whether description- and experience-based decision m...

In Germany, persons who commit crimes due to a psychiatric condition can be sentenced to treatment in forensic psychiatric hospitals. The right to undertake these measures is under discussion. While in the meantime a reform of the placement due to substance dependency has made good progress, the first reform proposals also aim to change or even abo...

Background: People hospitalized for suicide attempt (SA) have a high risk of repeating and committing suicide during the first months after discharge. The aim of this study is to compare the usual treatment (TAU) with a TAU supplemented with a telephone follow-up programme (TAU + T). Method: Multicentre, open-trial, ex post facto pre-post prospe...

The medieval Muslim physicians’ approach to the treatment of mental health disorders can be a valuable source of inspiration from the history of psychiatry. Physicians of current times including psychiatrists and psychiatric trainees, can get a guiding lesson from medieval Muslim physicians to learn to serve patients with compassion and understandi...

One of the great challenges in psychiatry is finding reliable biomarkers that may allow for more accurate diagnosis and treatment of patients. Neural variability received increasing attention in recent years as a potential biomarker. In the present explorative study we investigated temporal variability in visually evoked EEG activity in a cohort of...

The purpose of this article is to present an epistemological analysis of neuropsychiatric constructs. We characterize the concept of academic neuropsychiatry: a theoretical and research-based field of interdisciplinary work which is concerned with the full scope of psychopathological phenomena and its relationship with the neurosciences. Then, we d...

Background Non-serious adverse events (NSAEs) should be captured and reported because they can have a significant negative impact on patients and treatment adherence. However, the reporting of NSAEs in randomised controlled trials (RCTs) is limited. Objective To identify the most important NSAEs of antidepressants for patients and clinicians, to b...

Video games represent a rapidly growing media form that is a daily activity for many youths. So far, only a little attention has been paid to the portrayal of mental illnesses and psychiatric intervention within them. In our research, we explored the best-selling video games released between 2002-2021 in order to analyse these representations. We c...

Background COVID-19 was named a global pandemic by the World Health Organization in March 2020. Governments across the world issued various restrictions such as staying at home. These restrictions significantly influenced mental health worldwide. This study aims to document the prevalence of mental health problems and their relationship with the qu...

Follow-up of patients affected by COVID-19 has unveiled remarkable findings. Among the several sequelae caused by SARS-CoV-2 viral infection, it is particularly noteworthy that patients are prone to developing depression, anxiety, cognitive disorders, and dementia as part of the post-COVID-19 syndrome. The multisystem aspects of this disease sugges...

Over the last years, the decreased costs and enhanced accessibility to large genome-wide associstion studies datasets have laid the foundations for the development of polygenic risk scores (PRSs). A PRS is calculated on the weighted sum of single nucleotide polymorphisms and measures the individual genetic predisposition to develop a certain phenot...

Delictanalyse: de missende schakel? Sancties 2022/44 1. Inleiding Sinds het eind van de vorige eeuw hebben zich in de forensische psychiatrie belangrijke ontwikkelingen voorgedaan. Zo is het gemeengoed geworden dat het primaire doel van de forensische psychiatrie gericht is op het voorkomen van recidive en heeft het veiligheids-denken een meer cent...

This retrospective observational study investigated hospital staff requests for job fitness visits, addressed to occupational medicine. Specific objectives were to analyze: (1) health workers’ requests, sociodemographic characteristics, psychiatric diagnoses, assigned doctor’s fit notes, and (orthopedic, psychiatric) limitations; (2) associations b...

Background Compulsory treatments represent a legal means of imposing treatment on an individual, usually with a mental illness, who refuses therapeutic intervention and poses a risk of self-harm or harm to others. Compulsory outpatient treatment (COT) in psychiatry, also known as community treatment order, is a modality of involuntary treatment tha...

El presente escrito presenta algunas de las bases epistemológicas, teóricas y conceptuales del Bioanálisis concebido por Sandor Ferenczi. Se revisa el origen del Bioanálisis y del marco epistemológico en que se funda: el Constructivismo Monoléctico, y se describen algunos de sus postulados básicos: cerebro Tri-Uno, nódulo somatopsíquico, isomorfism...

Introduction. La Classification internationale des maladies, 11e édition (CIM-11) remplit de multiples objectifs, allant du soutien aux cliniciens à la prise de décision politique, en passant par la recherche, l'épidémiologie et la régulation administrative et financière. Les utilisations de la classification semblent donc à la fois médicales, scie...

A comparison study was conducted on two groups of inpatients diagnosed with schizophrenia the first group was taken from the Medical City General Hospital, and the second group was taken from Al-Rashad Mental Hospital in Baghdad in 2011.The quality of life of the first group was better than those who were inmates in Al rashad Mental Hospital

Vias de desarrollo del apego desorganizado: maltrato y cuidados tempranos alterados Developmental pathways of disorganized attachment abuse and altered early care RESUMEN Este artículo expone las vías de desarrollo del apego desorganizado. Para este cometido en una primera parte se aclara la diferencia entre apego desorganizado y trastorno reactivo...

The aim of this study was to (1) calibrate an item bank to measure patients’ experience of drug therapy for adult patients with SMIs and (2) develop computerized adaptive testing (CAT) to improve its use in routine practice. This is a cross-sectional, multicentric study involving 541 patients with schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and major depressi...

Stimulants are effective in treating attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Psychiatrist Charles Bradley first made this discovery in 1937 when he found that children treated with amphetamines showed improvements in school performance and behavior. Between 1995 and 2008, stimulants to treat ADHD increased six-fold among American adults an...

Background: Psychiatric wards treating involuntarily admitted patients are traditionally locked to prevent absconding. However, on the basis of observational evidence, the necessity for locked units in psychiatric hospitals has increasingly been questioned. Updated Mental Health Laws in several Federal States of Germany legitimate involuntary comm...

Background: Knowledge of and compliance to infection prevention and control (IPC) guidelines are crucial to curbing hospital acquired infections (HAIs). Globally, about 7–10% of patients suffer HAIs. However, there is limited evidence on nurses’ knowledge and adherence to IPC guidelines. Therefore, this study assessed the knowledge and determinant...

The Research Domain Criteria (RDoC) initiative challenges researchers to build neurobehavioral models of psychiatric illness with the hope that such models identify better targets that will yield more effective treatment. However, a guide for building such models was not provided and symptom heterogeneity within Diagnostic Statistical Manual catego...

Schizophrenia, a mental disorder experienced by more than 20 million people worldwide, is emerging as a serious issue in society. Currently, the diagnosis of schizophrenia is based only on mental disorder diagnosis and/or diagnosis by a psychiatrist or mental health professional using DSM-5, a diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders....

Nº 1 | octubre 2021 | 5 Esquizofrenia Schizophrenia María Suárez Gómez RESUMEN La esquizofrenia es un trastorno mental de origen multifactorial que requiere de un abordaje multi-disciplinar y personalizado por su impacto en la sa-lud pública. Las personas con esquizofrenia tienen más probabilidades de muerte precoz que la pobla-ción general, debido...

Understanding Intellectual Disability: A Guide for Professionals and Parents supports professionals and parents in understanding critical concepts, correct assessment procedures, delicate and science-infused communication practices and treatment methods concerning children with intellectual disabilities. From a professional perspective, this book r...

Clustering models or cluster analyses have been widely used to explore individual heterogeneity in mental health research. Despite advances in new algorithms and increasing popularity, there is little guidance on model choice, analytical framework and reporting requirements when using clustering models. In this review, we first provided a comprehen...

RESUMEN Objetivo Identificar el modo en que se configuró la violencia intrafamiliar como pro- blema sanitario para la psiquiatría colombiana entre 1964 y 1996. Materiales y Métodos Investigación con enfoque histórico que exploró acervos docu- mentales de la Revista Colombiana de Psiquiatría en el período estudiado. Se iden- tificaron 33 artículos r...