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Publications related to Protein Chemistry (1,504)
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Sortase‐mediated ligation (SML) is a widely used method for peptide and protein ligation due to ease of substrate preparation and fast enzymatic kinetics. But there are drawbacks that limit broader applications. Sorting motif in substrates may not be exposed to sortase efficiently due to folding or aggregation. In addition, the ligation is reversib...
The cell wall is an indispensable element of bacterial cells and a long-known target of many antibiotics. Penicillin, the first discovered beta-lactam antibiotic inhibiting the synthesis of cell walls, was successfully used to cure many bacterial infections. Unfortunately, pathogens eventually developed resistance to it. This started an arms race,...
Mechanical energy, specifically in the form of ultrasound, can induce pressure variations and temperature fluctuations when applied to an aqueous media. These conditions can both positively and negatively affect protein complexes, consequently altering their stability, folding patterns, and self-assembling behavior. Despite much scientific progress...
Molecular weight markers, which are utilized in protein chemistry applications, including gel filtration chromatography, SDS-PAGE, and Western blotting, determine the molecular weight of distinct proteins that have been separated. These markers act as standards and are made of a variety of differently sized proteins that lie within a wide range of...
Milk proteins play a pivotal role in human nutrition and serve as abundant reservoirs of essential amino acids and bioactive compounds. Beyond their nutritional significance, they are also crucial ingredients in the food industry due to their unique physicochemical properties, which include emulsification, foaming, viscosity, and gelation capabilit...
A generic family of distributions, defined on the surface of a curved torus is introduced using the area element of it. The area uniformity and the maximum entropy distribution are identified using the trigonometric moments of the proposed family. A marginal distribution is obtained as a three-parameter modification of the von Mises distribution th...
A fully funded position is available at Ca' Foscari University of Venice supported by EU next-generation funds with the title: Computational design and screening of cyclic peptides for precision delivery of therapeutic nucleic acids The goal of the present project is to develop novel cyclic peptides capable of binding with high afBinity and selecti...
The process of sexual reproduction in eukaryotes starts when gametes from two different sexes encounter each other. Paramecium, a unicellular eukaryote, undergoes conjugation and uses a gametic nucleus to enter the sexual reproductive process. The molecules responsible for recognizing mating partners, hypothetically called mating-type substances, a...
Mammalian cytosolic thioredoxin reductase (TrxR1) serves as an antioxidant protein by transferring electrons from NADPH to various substrates. The action of TrxR1 is achieved via reversible changes between NADPH-reduced and non-reduced forms, which involves C-terminal selenolthiol/selenenylsulfide exchanges. TrxR1 may be released into extracellular...
Histones epitomize the key protein module of chromatin and act as important signatures for many biological processes, such as replication, cell cycle regulation, transcription, translation, and apoptosis. The past decade has seen major advances in our understanding of histone and nucleosome structure, function, and dynamics in plants, but it is res...
The process of sexual reproduction in eukaryotes starts when gametes from two different sexes encounter each other. Paramecium, a unicellular eukaryote, undergoes conjugation and uses a gametic nucleus to enter the sexual reproductive process. The molecules responsible for recognizing mating partners, hypothetically called mating-type substances, a...
In many applications, the investigation of traveling wave solutions is essential in obtaining an accurate description of the dynamical behavior of most physical phenomena. The exact solutions to nonlinear equations can provide more physical descriptions and insightful details for many problems of practical interest. This paper focuses on investigat...
The elucidation of transmembrane spanning domain structure is still a challenging experimental problem in protein chemistry. Several important proteins belong to the membrane protein group from which we have chosen the ionotropic glutamate receptor activated by N-methyl-D-aspartate as the subject of our work. This heteromeric protein has a broad ra...
Sequence determines the structure, and the structure in turn determines the function, are the fundamental principles of protein chemistry. In the genomics era, the paradigm of mining protein functionality and evolutionary insights through sequence analysis has led to remarkable achievements. However, protein sequences often mutate faster than their...
Serum autoantibody profiles are unique to individuals and reflect the level and history of autoimmunity and tumor immunity. The identification of autoantibody biomarkers is critical for the development of immune monitoring systems for immune‐related disorders. Here, we present a practical method for large‐scale autoantibody discovery using total ce...
Bioactive amines are highly relevant for clinical and industrial application to ensure the metabolic status of a biological process. Apart from this, generally, amine identification is a key step in various bioorganic processes ranging from protein chemistry to biomaterial fabrication. However, many amines have a negative impact on the environment...
Vacuum cold plasma (VCP), a novel non-thermal processing technology used to modify the physicochemical properties and functionalities of food materials, was applied to whey protein isolate (WPI). The treatment affects the protein chemistry and, as a result, leads to differences in the behavior in solution and at interfaces. To minimize the undesira...
Deposits of the microtubule-associated protein tau (MAPT) serve as a hallmark of neurodegenerative diseases known as tauopathies. Numerous studies have demonstrated that in diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD), tau undergoes extensive remodeling. The attachment of post-translational modifications distributed throughout the entire sequence of t...
Rain contains encapsulated bacteria that can be transported over vast distances during relatively short periods of time. However, the ecological significance of bacteria in “precontact” rainwater–rainwater prior to contact with non-atmospheric surfaces–remains relatively undefined given the methodological challenges of studying low-abundance microb...
Camel milk and its extracted protein fractions were found to provide various potential techno-functional properties which can be used in the food industry. This chapter summarizes existing knowledge on camel milk protein’s chemistry to explain the different reactions and their control for the major processes utilized by the modern milk processing i...
The photochemical thiol-ene reaction is an efficient method for rapid and chemose-lective formation of thioether linkages under mild conditions. It has found widespread use in small-molecule synthesis as well as peptide and protein chemistry. While high-throughput experimentation provides an invaluable tool for drug discovery , the considerable pot...
The conjugation of Au complexes with proteins and enzymes, generating new types of artificial metalloenzymes, has proven to be interesting and effective to obtain materials with improved properties such as higher stability, catalytic activity and selectivity. In this work, a novel method has been developed for the synthesis and design of artificial...
Autophagy is a conserved cellular process involved in the degradation of intercellular materials. During this process, double-membrane vesicles called autophagosomes engulf cytoplasmic components ready for degradation. A key component in the formation of autophagosomes are the autophagy-related (Atg) proteins, including microtubule-associated prote...
Protein-based therapeutics constitute an important class of drugs used for the treatment of multiple diseases, including cancers, genetic disorders, autoimmune diseases, and infectious diseases. In recent years, significant progress and advancements have been made in the techniques and approaches used for the production, modification, qualitative a...
The enzymes of microorganisms that live in cold environments must be able to function at ambient temperatures. Cold-adapted enzymes generally have less ordered structures that convey a higher catalytic rate, but at the cost of lower thermodynamic stability. In this study, we characterized P355, a novel intracellular subtilisin protease (ISP) derive...
The attachment phenomena of various hierarchical architectures found in nature, especially underwater adhesion, have drawn extensive attention to the development of similar biomimicking adhesives. Marine organisms show spectacular adhesion characteristics because of their foot protein chemistry and the formation of an immiscible phase (coacervate)...
Background
Expansion of a triplet repeat tract in exon1 of the HTT gene causes Huntington’s disease (HD). The mutant HTT protein (mHTT) has numerous aberrant interactions with diverse, pleiomorphic effects. No disease modifying treatments exist but lowering mutant huntingtin (mHTT) by gene therapy is a promising approach to treat Huntington’s disea...
Plant-derived antimicrobial peptides
Jane Mary Lafayette Neves Gelinski1,
Bernadette Dora Gombossy de Melo Franco2 and
Gustavo Graciano Fonseca3
1Laboratory of Protein Chemistry and Biochemistry, Department of Cell Biology, University of Brasilia-Federal District, Brasilia, 2Food Research Center FoRC, Sao Paulo University, USP, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazi...
Light‐guided soft actuators with dynamic polymer networks have drawn much attention in recent years. However, the application of such actuators is limited by their synthetic strategies, polymer structures, and shape‐morphing modes. This work reports a new class of liquid crystalline elastomer (LCE) actuators crosslinked by mussel‐inspired catechol‐...
Off-the-shelf small diameter vascular grafts are an attractive alternative to eliminate the shortcomings of autologous tissues for vascular grafting. Bovine saphenous vein (SV) extracellular matrix (ECM) scaffolds are potentially ideal small diameter vascular grafts, due to their inherent architecture and signaling molecules capable of driving repo...
The major focus of an interdisciplinary field of study termed proteomics is a comprehensive analysis of proteins to evaluate their genetic variety, examine their distinctions, and respond to stresses. Proteomics' major goal is to use protein chemistry, bioinformatics, and biology to detect and measure proteins as well as analyze their post-translat...
ConspectusThis Account summarizes the progress in protein-calixarene complexation, tracing the developments from binary recognition to the glue activity of calixarenes and beyond to macrocycle-mediated frameworks. During the past 10 years, we have been tackling the question of protein-calixarene complexation in several ways, mainly by cocrystalliza...
HaloTag labeling technology has introduced unrivaled potential in protein chemistry and molecular and cellular biology. A wide variety of ligands have been developed to meet the specific needs of diverse applications, but only a single protein tag, DhaAHT, is routinely used for their incorporation. Following a systematic kinetic and computational a...
Amyloid crystals, a form of ordered protein aggregates documented relatively recently, have not been studied as extensively as amyloid fibres. This study investigates the formation of amyloid crystals with low frequency ultrasound (20 kHz) using β-lactoglobulin, as a model protein for amyloid synthesis. Acoustic cavitation generates localised zones...
Non-native disulfide bonds are dynamic covalent bridges that form post-translationally between two cysteines within the same protein (intramolecular) or with a neighboring protein (intermolecular), frequently due to changes in the cellular redox potential. The reversible formation of non-native disulfides is intimately linked to alterations in prot...
Biomolecule environments can enhance chemistries with the potential to mediate and modulate self-modification (e.g., self-cleavage). While these enhanced modes are found in certain biomolecules (e.g., RNA ribozymes), it is more rare in proteins. Targeted proteolytic cleavage is vital to physiology, biotechnology, and even emerging therapy. Yet, pur...
Although the tools based on split proteins have found broad applications, ranging from controlled biological signaling to advanced molecular architectures, many of them suffer from drawbacks such as background reassembly, low thermodynamic stability, and static structural features. Here, we present a chemically inducible protein assembly method ena...
Polyglutamylation is a posttranslational modification (PTM) that adds several glutamates on glutamate residues in the form of conjugated peptide chains by a family of enzymes known as polyglutamylases. Polyglutamylation is well documented in microtubules. Polyglutamylated microtubules consist of different α- and β-tubulin subunits with varied numbe...
This review addresses nine areas of knowledge revealed by micromanipulations performed with Paramecium. Microinjection has shown that sexual maturation and senescence of Paramecium caudatum is a programmed process conducted by a specific gene and its product protein. In P. tetraurelia, autogamy was revealed to depend on the number of DNA syntheses...
The study of nonlinear evolution equations is a subject of active interest in different fields including physics, chemistry, and engineering. The exact solutions to nonlinear evolution equations provide insightful details and physical descriptions into many problems of interest that govern the real world. The Kadomtsev–Petviashvili (kp) equation, w...
In this study, a new method was developed to successfully design sustainable microfibers from wheat gluten proteins using a nonreducing solvent and electrospinning. We explored the morphology by X-ray tomography, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM), protein chemistry and cross-linking by size exclusion-...
G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) make up the largest superfamily of integral membrane proteins and play critical signal transduction roles in many physiological processes. Developments in molecular biology, biophysical, biochemical, pharmacological, and computational techniques aimed at these important therapeutic targets are beginning to provid...
Proteins: Chemistry and classification of amino acids and proteins, Physico-Chemical properties of protein and their structure, general methods of analysis of proteins and amino acids, Digestion, absorption and metabolism of proteins.
In the last couple of decades, the nutritional role and perception of gluten became controversial. In one hand, gluten proteins play a central role in determining the baking quality of wheat and other cereals. On the other hand, hypersensitivity reactions triggered by gluten in susceptible individuals have become subjects of growing interest. Of th...
The advent of soft-ionization mass spectrometry for biomolecules has opened up new possibilities for the structural analysis of proteins. Combining protein chemistry methods with modern mass spectrometry has led to the emergence of the distinct field of structural proteomics. Multiple protein chemistry approaches, such as surface modification, limi...
Sortase‐mediated ligation (SML) is a powerful tool of protein chemistry allowing the ligation of peptides containing LPxTG sorting motifs and N‐terminal glycine nucleophiles. The installation of a sorting motif into the product prohibits the assembly of multiple fragments by SML. Here we report multi‐fragment SML based on switchable sortase substra...
HaloTag labeling technology has introduced unrivaled potential in protein chemistry, molecular and cellular biology. A wide variety of ligands have been developed to meet the specific needs of diverse applications, but only a single protein tag, DhaAHT, is routinely used for their incorporation. Following a systematic kinetic and computational anal...
MhuD is a noncanonical heme oxygenase (HO) from Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) that catalyzes unique heme degradation chemistry distinct from canonical HOs, generating mycobilin products without releasing carbon monoxide. Its crucial role in the Mtb heme uptake pathway has identified MhuD as an auspicious drug target. MhuD is capable of binding e...
Successful proteome analysis requires reliable sample preparation beginning with protein solubilization and ending with a sample free of contaminants, ready for downstream analysis. Most proteome sample preparation technologies utilize precipitation or filter-based separation, both of which have significant disadvantages. None of the current techno...
Background
L-asparaginase II (asnB), a periplasmic protein commercially extracted from E coli and Erwinia, is often used to treat acute lymphoblastic leukemia. L-asparaginase is an enzyme that converts L-asparagine to aspartic acid and ammonia. Cancer cells are dependent on asparagine from other sources for growth, and when these cells are deprived...
Protein synthesis and semisynthesis offer immense promise for life science and have impacted pharmaceutical innovation. Nevertheless, the absence of a generally applicable method for traceless peptide conjugation with a flexible choice of junction sites remains a bottleneck for accessing many important synthetic targets. Here we introduce the prote...
Protecting group chemistry for the cysteine thiol group has enabled a vast array of peptide and protein chemistry over the last several decades. Increasingly sophisticated strategies for the protection, and subsequent deprotection, of cysteine have been developed, facilitating synthesis of complex disulfide-rich peptides, semisynthesis of proteins,...
Dan Tawfik suddenly left us on 4 May, 2021. His scientific intuition led him to articulate, and solve, many key questions related to protein chemistry and molecular evolution. Although science, particularly for his students, postdoctoral fellows and colleagues, is dimmer after his loss, his legacy will persist.
LI-cadherin is a member of the cadherin superfamily, which encompasses a group of Ca²⁺-dependent cell adhesion proteins. The expression of LI-cadherin is observed on various types of cells in the human body, such as normal small intestine and colon cells, and gastric cancer cells. Because its expression is not observed on normal gastric cells, LI-c...
The functions of most proteins result from their 3D structures, but determining their structures experimentally remains a challenge, despite steady advances in crystallography, NMR and single-particle cryoEM. Computationally predicting the structure of a protein from its primary sequence has long been a grand challenge in bioinformatics, intimately...
Engineering Chemistry-I (Concepts & applications) is a Textbook that offers an exclusive coverage of the topics and proper explanation of concepts as per the students' needs.
Key Features:
• Detailed discussion with point-wise explanation of the concepts
• Let’s Think sections – In-text questions with answers after each section
• A large number of...
Background: Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is highly metastatic and lethal. Due to a lack of druggable targets for this disease, there are no effective therapies in the clinic.
Methods: We explored the ability of active compounds derived from natural herbs to inhibit TNBC metastasis using the methods of molecular biology, cell biology, protei...
Epigenetics research focuses on the study of heritable gene regulatory mechanisms that do not involve changes of the DNA sequence. Such mechanisms include post-translational modifications of histone proteins that organize the genome in the nucleus into a nucleoprotein complex called chromatin, and which are of key importance in development and dise...
Shape memory polymers (SMPs) with the permanent shape reconfiguration capability have received much research interest because they are capable of diversified tasks and the ability to work in conditions that required complex geometry. However, most of such SMPs are thermally triggered, which limits their applications. Inspired by reversible mussel a...
Michael J. Behe writes a controversial 300-page book that takes a challenging view of the current state of the failure of biological orthodoxy to provide detailed biochemical explanations for several of the vital processes in living cells. He accuses too many biologists of ignorance of protein chemistry and regards their view of the cell's chemical...
Tangential flow filtration (TFF) is a chemical unit operation used to purify and concentrate liquid suspensions of colloids, proteins, or cells. The solution flows tangentially across a membrane, such that a selective part of the fluid permeates the membrane while the filtrated matter is retained, increasing its concentration. Tmild mechanical puri...
A major role for the intracellular post-translational modification O-GlcNAc appears to be the inhibition of protein aggregation. Most of the previous studies in this area focused on O-GlcNAc modification of the amyloid-forming proteins themselves. Here we used synthetic protein chemistry to discover that O-GlcNAc also activates the anti-amyloid act...
Human glutathione transferase A1-1 (hGSTA1-1) contributes to developing resistance to anticancer drugs and, therefore, is promising in terms of drug-design targets for coping with this phenomenon. In the present study, the interaction of anthraquinone and diazo dichlorotriazine dyes (DCTD) with hGSTA1-1 was investigated. The anthraquinone dye Proci...
Covalent chemical reactions to modify aggregated proteins are rare. Here, we reported covalent Michael addition can generally occur upon protein aggregation. Such reactivity was initially discovered by a bioinspired fluorescent color‐switch probe mimicking the photo‐conversion mechanism of Kaede fluorescent protein. This probe was dark with folded...
Purpose:
The risk for age-related macular degeneration has been tied to an overactive complement system. Despite combined attempts by academia and industry to develop therapeutics that modulate the complement response, particularly in the late geographic atrophy form of advanced AMD, to date, there is no effective treatment. We have previously dem...