Prostate - Science topic

Thank you so much for replying, Dr. Andl and Dr. Iborra. Most appreciated!

Hello Diana,

In this link (https://www.citeab.com/antibodies/search?q=PSMA) you can see different PSMA-specific antibodies, and the number of publications in which it has been used as an approach to decide for one of them

I hope it is useful to you

Hi Danieli,

I think you can try the one mentioned below

(5153) Androgen Receptor (D6F11) XP ® Rabbit mAb by Cell signalling Technology.

Hope it helps!

Yes 6-8 hours is enough. See the "attachment" for depth of tissue vs. penetration rate

I labeled section.

I think

red: bladder

skyblue: spine

purple + blue arrow: prostate tumor

Is it right?...

Mood changes, bone pains and bone fracture, depression, seizures

Hi Luiz,

I would recommend checking out the following repositories:

-Anatomography: https://lifesciencedb.jp/bp3d/

-Open Anatomy Project: https://www.openanatomy.org/

You still might need to optimize the meshes, but I'm confident you will find the structures you need to print.

Best,

Roberto

Pumpkin seeds

it has to be washed repeatedly after each step for 15mins

.

SURE-send me your email i can share some of prostate images from my image library

Hello Lyda Espitia-Perez

Please refer to the link below. It gives you the details of RWPE-1 cells.

https://physics.cancer.gov/docs/bioresource/prostate/NCI-PBCF-CRL11609_RWPE-1_SOP-508.pdf

Regards.

Before I dive more into this:

So you protein dimer gets dissolved and you only purify monomers?

Gürhan Abuhanoğlu Dear Professor, Thank you for your kind information. However, I do not need any cell line, I have so many cancer and normal cell lines. I am just searching for a cancer drug-resistant tissue array for the immuno-histochemistry experiment.

Regards,

Mamun

It appears that Matlab can fit generalized linear mixed effects models:

One of the packages widely used is Stata. I suspect that you could take the GEE approach using its -betareg- command with the vce(clustvar) option, using a unique ID code as the cluster variable.

For the mixed effects (multilevel) approach, I would investigate the -meglm- command:

Briefly saw your table and question. So ur unit does something differently and has better results than literature. My first strategy would be to look locally or across site if a group of patients were dealt by conventional practice and compare.... even if not rct setup but a comparison group will make statistics easy.

Ur sample is big. I note ur grams resection is on average lesser than others, would that be the cause of ur short admission.

You could do a subset analysis here splitting groups in a few categories by grams resected..I'm just assuming here it may have no relevance.... But you could then compare with other similar studies...

Getting a stat test p value by comparing to others studies...hmmm not sure.. read into one proportion Z test. Anova I think u will need raw data of others aswell which u wont have... dunnets test runs with anova I vaguely recall....

lastly as Charalampos suggested.. stick to simple numbers and compare without stats.

The median lobe is generally classed with the transition zone histologically, even though it is an anatomic construct, you may not find it in a pathology report, just TZ at base is probably in the path report. Anecdotally I think I have seen maybe 1 case that looked to be a TZ cancer that may have started there.

Dear, colleague!

Unfortunately we did not use the Motic Software program for measuring in our researches. The micrographs of the prostate glands were processed with the use of the Image Fiji  software .

With best wishes

Alexander Usovich

Search for a journal that suits your work

We have developed an online segmentation tool with implemented AI-models, one of which can segment the prostate gland automatically. Find it here: www.medseg.ai.

A somewhat late answer but perhaps useful for future projects!

I recommend you to search hospitals for patients of colorectal cancer and prostate cancer otherwise I don't think you will find this samples at blood bank.

No way to use normal saline because such tissue spaceman underwent abnormal cellular & architectural changeswhich that may give a wrong results at diagnosis. Only use formalin & kept at room temperature.

Unfortunately no one yet

Arnaud Doerfler Yes, I was fearing that would be the case.

Thank you for your answer

For nearly 30 years, we have been measuring serum prostatic acid phosphatase as part of our clinical staging workup of all new prostate cancer patients. PAP has a very high negative predictive value for a nuclear medicine bone scan result, so we risk stratify patients to avoid bone scans is most patients. I've attached two of our papers on the usefulness of the test.

Cześć

I send Polish cancer registers for comparison. you'll find interesting morbidity and mortality statistics.

I think that the most important step in enucleation even for experienced surgeons, is to mark the distal end of enucleation proximal to the anatomic landmark vero, and at the vero turn the scope anterioly to mark the territory there as well. That way even if the field becomes bloody safety margins are respected throughout the operation.

Our aim with surgery is to have R0 N0 M0 disease. So extended PLND is also indicated during surgery.

Otherwise do radiation therapy

Agree with previous answers. Is the positive control working? Are you sure the protein quality and quantity in your samples proper? Revise your procedure for other errors.

The most common way to do it is X years post fellowship experience or X years experience in interpreting prostate MRI. By far, this is the most common way it is expressed. No consensus that I am aware of.

Alternatively, in addition to the years of experience, can try to estimate the total number of prostate MRI's the radiologist has interpreted during their career, e.g., Pickersgill et al.

Pairing years of experience with the latter is probably more useful but the X years post-fellowship or years with interpreting prostate MRI experience is far more common.

I don't think exams/year would be a better metric compared to estimated total number of exam interpreted.

All and all, you're probably safe with years of experience. If expertise is one of the underlying themes of your study, pair it with estimated number of exams interpreted.

Ellen S Vitetta Thank you very much for the suggestions!

Brett P Gross Hi Brett, thanks a lot for sharing the data! It is very interesting to know that starting with a smaller number would actually result in better tumor growth and larger tumors in the end.

Dear Inyang

Here you can see a current review in this matter

Prostate cancer: diagnostic criteria and role of immunohistochemistry

it might be, however i prefer divide the studies. Because reader wants to read in simple not complex

I don't think so. The main mediator of prostate enlargement (benign prostatic hyperplasia) is dihydrotestosterone (DHT), a metabolite of testosterone that is formed in the prostate cell by the breakdown of testosterone. The enzyme 5-alpha reductase converts testosterone to DHT.

Please also have a look at these useful links.

There is no direct evidence for pathophysiology. I guess sexual behaviours and std pathogens like ureoplasma and mycoplasms etc should be investigated.

3D slicer can help you out in converting the medical image (DICOM) to 3D model(Stl)

download Link: https://download.slicer.org/

expression of the DD3PCA3 gene is a very sensitive and specific marker for the detection of prostate tumor cells in a high background of normal (prostate) cells.

Hi, Have u tried to grow them in other media like RPMI??

Thank you very much Greeshma.

Hello Jeremy,

These stats from UK charities for prostate cancer are from past years; if you contact them, they may have something more up to date:

This might help with the PSA stats:

Young, G. J., Harrison, S., Turner, E. L., Walsh, E. I., Oliver, S. E., Ben-Shlomo, Y., ... & Donovan, J. L. (2017). Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) testing of men in UK general practice: a 10-year longitudinal cohort study. BMJ open, 7(10), e017729.

Littlejohns, Thomas J., et al. "Lifestyle factors and prostate-specific antigen (PSA) testing in UK Biobank: Implications for epidemiological research." Cancer Epidemiology 45 (2016): 40-46.

Best wishes with your degree,

Mary

May see following links..

http://www.pnas.org/content/104/24/10170.short

Hi Kamalathasan.

The organs are all expressing ER during embryonic development, certain cell phenotype differentiation and maintenance of the adult organs. And BRCA genes may be involved in ER signaling. Thus, Epigenetic regulation of BRCA genes appear to be related to ER-activated other gene regulation.

Regards.

I am already very deep in literature survey since I am in my 3rd year of PhD. I am currently reading about field cancerization... And since my work focuses on histopathological analysis of images.. I couldn't find any good reference paper with respect to histological changes due to field effect. Hence thought to ask here. Thank you for your suggestion.

yes.thet thru.

I agree with Dr Basulto-Martinez. I would add Finasteride or Dutasteride to the Tamsulosin and reassess him in a few months. If failed medical therapy then I would suggest to consider HoLEP rather than TURP.

Hi Daniel, important is how you want to target those proteins, either through western blots, immunofluorescence, immunohistochemistry, or flow cytometry or anything else. And, also whether your target is a normal, hypertrophic or a malignant prostate.

Numerous unique markers exist on prostatic cells like the famous PSA, which is a powerful serine protease elaborated by epithelial cells of prostatic duct.

Alpha 2 macroglobulin and alpha -1 antichymotrypsin, both of them sheath the PSA molecule.

Heavy expression of CD166 (ALCAM), which is a transmembrane glycoprotein, especially in CRPC (metastatic) cases.

PSMA (Prostate specific membrane antigen), a transmembrane protein present in all the tissues of prostate.

PSCA (Prostate stem cell antigen) of 10-24 kD and found in basal and secretory epithelial cells of prostate.

And may this article will help you further!

Regards....

Dear Venkatesh,

Are you sure you need the antigen retrieval. Have you tried the staining without that step. If you really need it you might consider a slightly different AR and do that, cooled, in the microwave, If there is no experience for that, let me know.

The 1st Ab step is rather long. This does not cause the nuclei to disappear, but shorter incubations may lead to better results, less bachground signal.

Good luck

Increasing physical activity decreases the risks of prostate cancer in patients between 20 to 65 years of age.

Hello Niamh,

Influence of preoperative and postoperative pelvic floor muscle training (PFMT) compared with postoperative PFMT on urinary incontinence after radical prostatectomy: a randomized controlled trial.

Geraerts I, Van Poppel H, Devoogdt N, Joniau S, Van Cleynenbreugel B, De Groef A, Van Kampen M 

Eur Urol. 2013;64(5):766. 

BACKGROUNDThe efficacy of preoperative pelvic floor muscle training (PFMT) for urinary incontinence (UI) after open radical prostatectomy (ORP) and robot-assisted laparoscopic radical prostatectomy (RARP) is still unclear.

OBJECTIVETo determine whether patients with additional preoperative PFMT regain urinary continence earlier than patients with only postoperative PFMT after ORP and RARP.

DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTSA randomized controlled trial enrolled 180 men who planned to undergo ORP/RARP.

INTERVENTIONThe experimental group (E, n=91) started PFMT 3 wk before surgery and continued after surgery. The control group (C, n=89) started PFMT after catheter removal.

OUTCOME MEASUREMENTS AND STATISTICAL ANALYSISThe primary end point was time to continence. Patients measured urine loss daily (24-h pad test) until total continence (three consecutive days of 0 g of urine loss) was achieved. Secondary end points were 1-h pad test, visual analog scale (VAS), International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS), and quality of life (King's Health Questionnaire [KHQ]). Kaplan-Meier analysis and Cox regression with correction for two strata (age and type of surgery) compared time and continence. The Fisher exact test was applied for the 1-h pad test and VAS; the Mann-Whitney U test was applied for IPSS and KHQ.

RESULTS AND LIMITATIONSPatients with additional preoperative PFMT had no shorter duration of postoperative UI compared with patients with only postoperative PFMT (p=0.878). Median time to continence was 30 and 31 d, and median amount of first-day incontinence was 108 g and 124 g for groups E and C, respectively. Cox regression did not indicate a significant difference between groups E and C (p=0.773; hazard ratio: 1.047 [0.768-1.425]). The 1-h pad test, VAS, and IPSS were comparable between both groups. However, "incontinence impact" (KHQ) was in favor of group E at 3 mo and 6 mo after surgery.

CONCLUSIONSThree preoperative sessions of PFMT did not improve postoperative duration of incontinence.

Best wishes

Greetings .I find these are suitable 4 ur purpose.

sincerely yours.

Interest Ask.

I think you're right. Such leakage can affect the concentration of the biomarker.

Alternatively, the sampling should be carried out not on the first morning urination

Dear Jakhongir,

It is a very interesting project. I suggest that you take a look on the recent advances in this field. For example, H-NMR has been utilized for profiling of urinary tract infection.

Ekaterina Nevedomskaya et al. have published an article entitled " 1H NMR-based metabolic profiling of urinary tract infection: combining multiple statistical models and clinical data" and the conclusions emerged from their study:

"In the current paper we used a metabolomics approach to profile UTI, which is on the one hand one of the most common infectious diseases among the adults, and on the other hand a disease that still lacks markers of morbidity. Using 1H NMR profiles of urine we generated various statistical models: (a) discriminating UTI patients and control subjects, (b) following the recovery process of UTI patients and (c) associating urine metabolic content with bacterial contamination. The discriminative model was able to classify most of the independent samples correctly according to their diagnosis, which indicates its high predictive ability. Comparing the sets of molecules derived from different analyses, we concluded that some of the compounds (e.g. trimethylamine and acetate) can be attributed to the effect of bacterial contamination of urine; others (e.g. para-aminohippuric acid, scyllo-inositol) can be considered markers of morbidity."

On the other hand, Haitao Lv et al. have used LC-MS as an Integrated Metabolomic Profiling Approach for Infectious Diseases Research. The following is the publication abstract for quick view:

Metabolomic profiling offers direct insights into the chemical environment and metabolic pathway activities at sites of human disease. During infection, this environment may receive important contributions from both host and pathogen. Here we apply untargeted metabolomics approach to identify compounds associated with an E. coli urinary tract infection population. Correlative and structural data from minimally processed samples were obtained using an optimized LC-MS platform capable of resolving ∼2300 molecular features. Principal components analysis readily distinguished patient groups and multiple supervised chemometric analyses resolved robust metabolomic shifts between groups. These analyses revealed nine compounds whose provisional structures suggest candidate infection-associated endocrine, catabolic, and lipid pathways. Several of these metabolite signatures may derive from microbial processing of host metabolites. Overall, this study highlights the ability of metabolomic approaches to directly identify compounds encountered by, and produced from, bacterial pathogens within human hosts.

Other important publications which may be helpful are contained in the following links:

Hoping this will be helpful,

Rafik

@Ceren G Korkmaz Clinicians in Turkey have been assesing prostate cancer solely using PSA; Recatl Digital Examination and radiologic imagining.

However there are other markers indicating that there is an abnormal  proliferation in prostate such as Kİ-67,EPCA,PCA3,Fatty acid synthase and even RT-PCR allowing clincians to asssess whether the reason of rise in PSA due to a prostatitis or a cancerous tissue.

My question is this; In Turkey are these methods started to be used; if used for how long and where? (other than PSA,RDE,USG); prostate biopsies can also irritate prostate and lead a false increase in PSA and can hurt the patient (also including risk of infection).

If not; can you give reasons?

@Karan Sood; I have no opportunity to come India; as a researcher in this topic, can you suggest me a link to catch-up recent studies and a lead topic to join a research group.

Thank you all

respected Xudong Yang

Your question was exactly takyu So I wrote. I do not mean to offend you.

on the mechanisms and biology of this cancer have to work more. Good links already shown counterparts. There are a number of works at the last congress of the EUA

 According to my experience, if we analyse the resected mass of the prostate there is stil advantage of the monopolar TURP. Of course new generations of the bipolar instruments could change it.

I agree with Walter that the incidence of N. Obturatorius reflex is much lower performing  bipolar TUR .

I recommend you to read the following articles:

The most important apparently for your requirements should be the following

Good luck

Hi Bejoy,

If you are able to post an example image or dataset, we may be able to put together a recipe file for you in our new extended free trial software MIPAR (http://MIPAR.us) that should at the very least make you aware of the processing techniques involved in prostate segmentation if you need to track down open source codes yourself.

Cheers,

John

Dear Sir,

For to understanding the anatomy of prostate gland and associated organs, its environment  Gray's Anatomy is too good. Additionally Netter's atlas of human anatomy and McMinn's colour atlas of human anatomy will help you better understanding of Morphology and and its related structures.

which is the approximate incidence of pseudo hyperplastic prostate adenocarcinoma between carcinomas of its population or hospital?

Hi Ashlee, going by your last statement, i believe you are trying to "expand a specific population of T cells".

I am attaching a publication of mine with the protocol to expand single cell T cell clones, done in NOD mice. The trick is to be patient. Generally, you will get 4-5 wells/96 wells with some cell growth and survival. So start with 4-5 96W plates, plated at 1 cell per well. Also use U bottom plates. Once you have cells growing out, transfer them to 2/3 96W plates, then 48 w plate, 24 w plate, before you can finally expand them in 6 well plates. I would suggest making freeze downs in the 48 or 24 well plate stage. Finally, do not over stimulate the cells. Use half the peptide concentration that you would use for bulk stimulation while cloning.

Good luck

Uroflow should not be relied upon as an "independent" predictor of successful medical management of BPE.  BPE is not necessarily synonamous with BPH and may be due to inflammation or malignant neoplasm.  Reduced uroflow may often be a sign of detrusor insufficiency, a common cause of failure of medical management of "BPH".  Transrectal US can be helpful in evaluation of the lobar distribution of BPH and critical in demonstrating intra-vesical protrusion of prostatic growth (including median lobe).  The latter has been associated with treatment response as has prostatic shape (Presumed Circle Area Ratio).  US or MRI classification of lobar hyperplasia abd correlation with symptoms, signs, and treatment response is also in early stages of research.

Hello,

What you could try is (if your image are from ct scan or mri data) :

- Export a list of nodes coordinates data after simulation from the FEM software to a .txt file or .xls

- Convert them to the same image space as your segmented image, using interpixelspace , interslicespace found in the dicom

- Round the coordinate list, this will give you the index of every pixel representing the deformed mesh

- Change the pixel value of the original image using the previously found index to display the deformed shape on the image.

The rounding may lead to the creation of gaps, but this can be corrected if it's annoying.

Depending on your segmentation software you can directly import stl files and convert them to mask. So that you will just have to export your deformed mesh to a .stl file and import it back to your segmentation software.

Hope it helps.

Jean-Baptiste

PSA density, the ratio of free PSA to total PSA and PSA velocity are very usefull to select the best candidate for biopsy. So yes we should always repeat PSA. There is no role for antibiotic treatment in these patients except when you suspect a chroni bacterial prostatitis so a prostatic massage and a culture of prostatic secretion or post massage urinary drops are mandatory. At present, MRI had shown a clear advantage in these patient as a normal MRI avoid unnecessary biopsies.

Good mentoring

Of course there is. And the last calibration comes up as the default. You just need to click through the wizard to confirm nothing has changed.

I'm not sure if this would help but Wade Bushman's lab developed a transurethral prostate inflammation model in mice

Prostatic inflammation induces urinary frequency in adult mice.

Lee S1, Yang G2, Bushman W3.

 We developed an animal model of bacterial induced, isolated prostatic inflammation and examined the effect of prostatic inflammation on voiding behavior in adult C57BL/6J mice. Prostatic inflammation was induced by transurethral inoculation of uropathogenic E. coli-1677.

3 articles are attached, which may be useful in your studies.

I think the expression level of the B- actin is different in different tissue, Its one of six isoform of actin and majorly seen in cardiac myocytes and CD33 expressing myeloid cells. I worked on this protein in establishing synaptic connection B/W nerve fiber important for chronic headache.

for full report please see database site.

Hi Konstantinos

For Open Source tools, take a look at

GMSH is executed using commands.Salome & Meshlab have GUIs.

Salome can do volume from surface mesh, but uses a plugin that is commercial. I believe academics may get it for free. Netgen is used in Salome.

Meshlab is intended for preparing geomtry for 3D printers.

Sincerely

Claes

Hi Konstantinos,

Your question to apply properties to an element is not according to the philosophy of Comsol. Other FEM codes work with the concept of applying conditions or setting to nodes and elements. But elements and nodes are not existing features in your physics, and the solution should not be dependent of element shape, size and positions of nodes, so your conditions should rather be formulated in function of positional variables. For instance, a point source which is mentioned before, can be added in the physics as a smoothed Dirac function at any given position, independent of the presence of nodes. Of course, the smoothing is necesary to avoid that the Dirac function remains unnoticed in the nodes around. For the same reason, it should always be avoided to use boolean switching type of functions and prefer to use smoothed versions, in order to avoid spurious variations when changing mesh or time steps (if functions or atributes change as funtion of time instead of position). 

The approach also makes it much easier to work with moving sources or attributes that move in time. Comsol has som predefined function for smoothed unit step (Heaviside) or smoothed Dirac. Look in the manual for functions like flsmhs, flc1hs, flc2hs (different versions of step functions) and their derivatives (=Dirac) with names that just add a "d" in their name, such as fldsmhs, etcetera.

Typically, the mootheing transition size that you must provide in the function (second parameter) should be of the order of the element size, or the time step, depending on the situation.

HI!

this looks pretty good:

Mechanical Property Characterization of Prostate Cancer Using a Minimally Motorized Indenter in an Ex Vivo Indentation Experiment

Bum-Mo Ahna, Jung Kima, Lorenzo Ianb, Kun-Ho Rhab, Hyung-Joo Kimc, d, ,

We've done poroviscoelastic modeling of the lung parenchyma in COMSOL. Not sure if this would be helpful to you, but you can check out: 

Z. Dai, Y. Peng, B. Henry, H. A. Mansy, and T. J. Royston. A Comprehensive Computational Model of Sound transmission through the Porcine Lung. J. Acous. Soc. Am. 136 (3), 1419 - 29 (2014). doi: 10.1121/1.4890647.

Y. Peng, Z. Dai, H. A. Mansy, R. H. Sandler, R. A. Balk, and T. J. Royston. Sound transmission in the chest under surface excitation: an experimental and computational study with diagnostic applications. Med. Biol. Engin. Comp. 52, 695–706 doi: 10.1007/s11517-014-1172-8 (2014). PMID: 25001497; PMCID: PMC4160106.